The 1989 Soviet census (Russian: Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989, lit. '1989 All-Union Census'), conducted between 12 and 19 January of that year, was the last one that took place in the Soviet Union. The census found the total population to be 286,730,819 inhabitants.[1] In 1989, the Soviet Union ranked as the third most populous in the world, above the United States (with 248,709,873 inhabitants according to the 1990 census), although it was well below China and India.
In 1989, about half of the Soviet Union's total population lived in the Russian SFSR, and approximately one-sixth (18%) of them in the Ukrainian SSR. Almost two-thirds (65.7%) of the population was urban, leaving the rural population with 34.3%.[2] In this way, its gradual increase continued, as shown by the series represented by 47.9%, 56.3% and 62.3% of 1959, 1970 and 1979, respectively.[3]
The last two national censuses (held in 1979 and 1989) showed that the country had been experiencing an average annual increase of about 2.5 million people, although it was a slight decrease from a figure of around 3 million per year in the previous intercensal period, 1959–1970. This post-war increase had contributed to the USSR's partial demographic recovery from the significant population loss that the USSR had suffered during the Great Patriotic War (the Eastern Front of World War II), and before it, during Stalin's Great Purge of 1936–1938. The previous postwar censuses, conducted in 1959, 1970 and 1979, had enumerated 208,826,650, 241,720,134, and 262,436,227 inhabitants, respectively.[3]
In 1990, the Soviet Union was more populated than both the United States and Canada together, having some 40 million more inhabitants than the U.S. alone. However, after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in late 1991, the combined population of the 15 former Soviet republics stagnated at around 290 million inhabitants for the period 1995–2000.
This significant slowdown may in part be due to the remarkable socio-economic changes that followed the dissolution, that have tended to reduce even more the already decreasing birth rates (which were already showing some signs of decline since the Soviet era, in particular among the people living in the European part of the Soviet Union, beginning from 1988-89).
Regarding the situation today, the population of the 15 Soviet republics is around to 299 million, with much of this growth attributed to the Central Asian states, which have increasing fertility, and in a smaller part Azerbaijan and Russia. Estonia, Belarus, Armenia and Georgia have also recorded some positive growth in the recent years. Ukraine, Moldova, Latvia and Lithuania are in continuous decline in population since early 1990s, although Ukraine's decline seemed to stabilise in early 2010s, before the Ukrainian crisis. Since 2019 Lithuania seems to appear some first signs of stabilisation around 2.8 million.
^This is the total "de facto" population (nalichnoye naseleniye – наличное население); the "permanent" population (postoyannoye naseleniye – постоянное население) was about 1 million persons fewer. Over time, the State Statistics Committee changed its method of reporting population totals in censuses. In the 1959 and 1970 censuses, it used the permanent population; in 1979 and 1989 it used the de facto or present population. See Barbara A. Anderson and Brian D. Silver, "'Permanent' and 'Present' Populations in Soviet Statistics," Soviet Studies, Vol. 37, pp. 386-402, July 1985.
^Encyclopædia Britannica Book of the Year 1991, Soviet Union, page 720.
^ abUnited Nations: Demographic Yearbook, Historical supplement - Population by sex, residence, and intercensal rates of increase for total population, each census: 1948-1997, on the UN Statistics Division website (unstats.un.org 2010-06-16 at the Wayback Machine).
^"Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года. Национальный состав населения по республикам СССР". Demoscope.ru (in Russian).
Further reading
Barbara A. Anderson and Brian D. Silver, "Growth and diversity of the population of the Soviet Union", The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science , Vol. 510, No. 1, 155–177, 1990.
Ralph S. Clem, Ed., Research Guide to Russian and Soviet Censuses, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1986.
John C. Dewdney, "Population change in the Soviet Union, 1979-1989," Geography, Vol. 75, Pt. 3, No. 328, July 1990, 273–277.
External links
Subjects of Russia, on the www.statoids.com website (it includes the demographic evolution of the Soviet Union's population).
January 20, 2023
soviet, census, 1989, 1989, soviet, census, russian, Всесоюзная, перепись, населения, 1989, 1989, union, census, conducted, between, january, that, year, last, that, took, place, soviet, union, census, found, total, population, inhabitants, 1989, soviet, union. The 1989 Soviet census Russian Vsesoyuznaya perepis naseleniya 1989 lit 1989 All Union Census conducted between 12 and 19 January of that year was the last one that took place in the Soviet Union The census found the total population to be 286 730 819 inhabitants 1 In 1989 the Soviet Union ranked as the third most populous in the world above the United States with 248 709 873 inhabitants according to the 1990 census although it was well below China and India 1989 All Union Population Census 1979 January 12 1989 1989 01 12 January 19 1989 1989 01 19 Soviet State EmblemCensus LogoGeneral informationCountrySoviet UnionResultsTotal population286 730 819 9 3 Most populous wbr republicRussian SFSR147 400 537Least populous wbr republicEstonian SSR1 572 9161989 Soviet census information pamphlet 1989 census form Contents 1 Statistics 2 Ranking of Soviet republics 3 Ethnicities of the Soviet Union 4 See also 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External linksStatistics EditIn 1989 about half of the Soviet Union s total population lived in the Russian SFSR and approximately one sixth 18 of them in the Ukrainian SSR Almost two thirds 65 7 of the population was urban leaving the rural population with 34 3 2 In this way its gradual increase continued as shown by the series represented by 47 9 56 3 and 62 3 of 1959 1970 and 1979 respectively 3 The last two national censuses held in 1979 and 1989 showed that the country had been experiencing an average annual increase of about 2 5 million people although it was a slight decrease from a figure of around 3 million per year in the previous intercensal period 1959 1970 This post war increase had contributed to the USSR s partial demographic recovery from the significant population loss that the USSR had suffered during the Great Patriotic War the Eastern Front of World War II and before it during Stalin s Great Purge of 1936 1938 The previous postwar censuses conducted in 1959 1970 and 1979 had enumerated 208 826 650 241 720 134 and 262 436 227 inhabitants respectively 3 In 1990 the Soviet Union was more populated than both the United States and Canada together having some 40 million more inhabitants than the U S alone However after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in late 1991 the combined population of the 15 former Soviet republics stagnated at around 290 million inhabitants for the period 1995 2000 This significant slowdown may in part be due to the remarkable socio economic changes that followed the dissolution that have tended to reduce even more the already decreasing birth rates which were already showing some signs of decline since the Soviet era in particular among the people living in the European part of the Soviet Union beginning from 1988 89 Regarding the situation today the population of the 15 Soviet republics is around to 299 million with much of this growth attributed to the Central Asian states which have increasing fertility and in a smaller part Azerbaijan and Russia Estonia Belarus Armenia and Georgia have also recorded some positive growth in the recent years Ukraine Moldova Latvia and Lithuania are in continuous decline in population since early 1990s although Ukraine s decline seemed to stabilise in early 2010s before the Ukrainian crisis Since 2019 Lithuania seems to appear some first signs of stabilisation around 2 8 million Ranking of Soviet republics EditRank Soviet Republic Population as of1979 Census Population as of1989 Census 4 Change Percentchange1 Russia 137 551 000 147 400 537 9 849 537 7 2 2 Ukraine 49 755 000 51 706 742 1 951 742 3 9 3 Uzbekistan 15 391 000 19 905 158 4 514 158 29 3 4 Kazakhstan 14 684 000 16 536 511 1 852 511 12 6 5 Belarus 9 560 000 10 199 709 639 709 6 7 6 Azerbaijan 6 028 000 7 037 867 1 009 867 16 8 7 Georgia 5 015 000 5 443 359 428 359 8 5 8 Tajikistan 3 801 000 5 108 576 1 307 576 34 4 9 Moldova 3 947 000 4 337 592 390 592 9 9 10 Kyrgyzstan 3 529 000 4 290 442 761 442 21 6 11 Lithuania 3 398 000 3 689 779 291 779 8 6 12 Turkmenistan 2 759 000 3 533 925 774 925 28 1 13 Armenia 3 031 000 3 287 677 256 677 8 5 14 Latvia 2 521 000 2 680 029 159 029 6 3 15 Estonia 1 466 000 1 572 916 106 916 7 3 Soviet Union 262 436 000 286 730 819 24 294 819 9 3 Ethnicities of the Soviet Union EditRank Ethnicity Population as of1989 Census 5 Percentage Total population 285 742 511 100 1 Russians 145 155 489 50 8 2 Ukrainians 44 186 006 15 5 3 Uzbeks 16 697 825 5 8 4 Belarusians 10 036 251 3 5 5 Kazakhs 8 135 818 2 8 6 Azerbaijanis 6 770 403 2 4 7 Tatars 6 648 760 2 3 8 Armenians 4 623 232 1 6 9 Tajiks 4 215 372 1 5 10 Georgians 3 981 045 1 4 Others 35 292 310 12 4 See also EditDemographics of the Soviet Union Republics of the Soviet Union Soviet Census 1926 Soviet Census 1937 Soviet Census 1959 Soviet Census 1970 Soviet Census 1979 Soviet UnionReferences Edit This is the total de facto population nalichnoye naseleniye nalichnoe naselenie the permanent population postoyannoye naseleniye postoyannoe naselenie was about 1 million persons fewer Over time the State Statistics Committee changed its method of reporting population totals in censuses In the 1959 and 1970 censuses it used the permanent population in 1979 and 1989 it used the de facto or present population See Barbara A Anderson and Brian D Silver Permanent and Present Populations in Soviet Statistics Soviet Studies Vol 37 pp 386 402 July 1985 Encyclopaedia Britannica Book of the Year 1991 Soviet Union page 720 a b United Nations Demographic Yearbook Historical supplement Population by sex residence and intercensal rates of increase for total population each census 1948 1997 on the UN Statistics Division website unstats un org Archived 2010 06 16 at the Wayback Machine Almanaque Mundial 1996 Editorial America Televisa Mexico 1995 pages 548 552 Demografia Biometria table Vsesoyuznaya perepis naseleniya 1989 goda Nacionalnyj sostav naseleniya po respublikam SSSR Demoscope ru in Russian Further reading EditBarbara A Anderson and Brian D Silver Growth and diversity of the population of the Soviet Union The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science Vol 510 No 1 155 177 1990 Ralph S Clem Ed Research Guide to Russian and Soviet Censuses Ithaca Cornell University Press 1986 John C Dewdney Population change in the Soviet Union 1979 1989 Geography Vol 75 Pt 3 No 328 July 1990 273 277 External links EditSubjects of Russia on the www statoids com website it includes the demographic evolution of the Soviet Union s population Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Soviet Census 1989 amp oldid 1102177244, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
