Scelidother
south, american, land, mammal, salma, establish, geologic, timescale, prehistoric, south, american, fauna, beginning, during, paleocene, continuing, through, late, pleistocene, these, periods, referred, ages, stages, intervals, were, established, using, geogra. The South American land mammal ages SALMA establish a geologic timescale for prehistoric South American fauna beginning 64 5 Ma during the Paleocene and continuing through to the Late Pleistocene 0 011 Ma These periods are referred to as ages stages or intervals and were established using geographic place names where fossil materials where obtained 1 class notpageimage Locations of SALMA type localities Pleistocene ages Pliocene ages Miocene ages Oligocene ages Eocene ages Paleocene ages The basic unit of measurement is the first last boundary statement This shows that the first appearance event of one taxon is known to predate the last appearance event of another If two taxa are found in the same fossil quarry or at the same stratigraphic horizon then their age range zones overlap Contents 1 Background 1 1 Paleogeographic timeline 2 Definitions 3 Cenozoic fossiliferous stratigraphic units in South America 4 Fossil content 5 See also 6 Notes and references 6 1 Notes 6 2 References 6 3 Bibliography 6 3 1 SALMA 6 3 2 Pebas Wetlands 6 3 3 Argentina 6 3 4 Bolivia 6 3 5 Brazil 6 3 6 Chile 6 3 7 Colombia 6 3 8 Ecuador 6 3 9 Paraguay 6 3 10 Peru 6 3 11 Uruguay 6 3 12 Venezuela 7 Further readingBackground editSouth America was an island continent for much of the Cenozoic or the Age of Mammals As a result its mammals evolved in their own unique directions as Australia and Madagascar still have today Paleogeographic timeline edit A simplified paleogeographic timeline of South America 2 66 Ma South America was connected to both North America and Antarctica Soon after this point it lost its connection to North America 66 50 Ma Tiupampan to Casamayoran South America was connected to Antarctica which in turn was connected to Australia The Antarctica Australia connection was lost around the end of this interval or perhaps as much as 15 million years later 50 34 Ma Casamayoran to Tinguirirican South America was connected to Antarctica which was not yet covered by ice 34 Ma Tinguirirican South America and Antarctica became detached and glaciations started to form in Antarctica 34 9 Ma Tinguirirican to Chasicoan South America had no land connections to any other continent 9 3 Ma Huayquerian to Chapadmalalan islands formed between South and North America A complete Isthmus of Panama most likely formed near the end of this interval leading to the Great American Biotic Interchange GABI 3 Ma to present Uquian to Holocene the land connection between South and North America is established and migration between the formerly separated continents occurs The main migrational route is from north to south rather than the opposite way This led to much higher extinction levels of groups in South America than in North America Pleistocene the glacials and interglacials of the Pleistocene caused drastic eustatic sea level changes widening and narrowing the land bridge at the bottleneck of Panama As a side effect the vegetation changed during this period of strong climatic changes Late Pleistocene the earliest humans arrived in South America and settled in various parts of the continent Evidence for cohabitation with the latest Pleistocene megafauna has been found at multiple locations such as Monte Verde in coastal Chile and Tibito on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense in Colombia nbsp Since about 110 million years ago South America and Africa are detached nbsp Antarctica Australia and South America were attached as one large isolated paleocontinent for about 15 million years nbsp The Drake Passage separating South America from Antarctica was formed since the latest Eocene 35 Ma The paleogeographical history of South America with the separation from Africa and AntarcticaDefinitions editEpoch SALMA Top age Ma Base age Ma Etymology Country LocationHolocene 0 0 011Late Pleistocene Lujanian 0 011 0 8 Lujan Formation nbsp Argentina Buenos Aires ProvinceMid Pleistocene Ensenadan 0 8 1 2 La Ensenada Formation nbsp Argentina Buenos Aires ProvinceEarly Pleistocene Uquian 1 2 3 0 Uquia Formation nbsp Argentina Jujuy ProvinceLate Pliocene Chapadmalalan 3 0 4 0 Chapadmalal Formation nbsp Argentina Buenos Aires ProvinceEarly Pliocene Montehermosan 4 0 6 8 Monte Hermoso Formation nbsp Argentina Buenos Aires ProvinceLate MioceneHuayquerian 6 8 9 0 Huayquerias Formation nbsp Argentina Mendoza ProvinceChasicoan 9 0 10 0 Arroyo Chasico Formation nbsp Argentina Buenos Aires ProvinceMayoan 10 0 11 8 Rio Mayo Formation nbsp Argentina Chubut ProvinceMid Miocene Laventan 11 8 13 8 La Venta fauna nbsp Colombia Huila DepartmentColloncuran 13 8 15 5 Collon Cura Formation nbsp Argentina Neuquen ProvinceEarly Miocene Friasian 15 5 16 3 Rio Frias Formation nbsp Chile Aysen RegionSantacrucian 16 3 17 5 Santa Cruz Formation nbsp Argentina Santa Cruz ProvinceColhuehuapian 17 5 21 0 Colhue Huapi Member nbsp Argentina Chubut ProvinceDeseadan 21 0 29 0 Deseado Formation nbsp Argentina Santa Cruz ProvinceLate OligoceneEarly Oligocene Tinguirirican 29 0 36 0 Tinguiririca fauna nbsp Chile O Higgins RegionLate EoceneLate Eocene Divisaderan 36 0 42 0 Divisadero Largo Formation nbsp Argentina Mendoza ProvinceMiddle Eocene Mustersan 42 0 48 0 Lake Musters nbsp Argentina Chubut ProvinceEarly Eocene Casamayoran 48 0 54 0 Casamayor Formation nbsp Argentina Santa Cruz ProvinceItaboraian 54 0 54 0 Itaborai Formation nbsp Brazil Rio de Janeiro StateRiochican 54 0 57 0 Rio Chico Group nbsp Argentina Chubut ProvinceLate PaleoceneMid Paleocene Peligran 59 0 62 5 Punta Peligro nbsp Argentina Chubut ProvinceEarly Paleocene Tiupampan 62 5 64 5 Tiupampa nbsp Bolivia Cochabamba DepartmentCenozoic fossiliferous stratigraphic units in South America editThe following formations have provided vertebrate insect or plant fossils formations with other invertebrates are excluded SALMA Formations Country Location NotesLujanian Lujan Formation nbsp Argentina Salado Basin 3 4 Chaco Formation nbsp Argentina Chaco Basin 5 6 7 Chiu Chiu Formation nbsp Chile Calama Basin 8 Dolores Formation nbsp Uruguay Norte Basin 9 10 El Palmar Formation nbsp Argentina Parana Basin 11 Fortin Tres Pozos Formation nbsp Argentina Chaco Basin 12 13 14 Los Hoyos beds nbsp Colombia Upper Magdalena Valley 15 La Huaca Formation nbsp Peru Sechura Basin 16 La Invernada Formation nbsp Argentina Chaco Basin 17 Nuapua Formation nbsp Bolivia Chuquisaca Department 18 19 Pampa La Brea Formation nbsp Peru Talara Basin 20 Rotinet Formation nbsp Colombia Sinu San Jacinto Basin 21 Sabana Formation nbsp Colombia Altiplano Cundiboyacense 22 Saladillo Formation nbsp Argentina Pampean Region 23 Salto Ander Egg Formation nbsp Argentina Parana Basin 24 San Sebastian Formation nbsp Peru Eastern Peruvian Andes 25 Santa Clara Formation nbsp Argentina Buenos Aires Province 26 Santa Vitoria Formation nbsp Brazil Pelotas Basin 27 Soata Formation nbsp Colombia Altiplano Cundiboyacense 28 Sopas Formation nbsp Uruguay Norte Basin 29 Tarija Formation nbsp Bolivia Tarija Basin 30 Tezanos Pinto Formation nbsp Argentina Parana Basin 31 Touro Passo Formation nbsp Brazil Parana Basin 32 Ulloma Formation nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 33 Ensenadan La Ensenada Formation nbsp Argentina Salado Basin 34 35 Belgrano Formation nbsp Argentina Buenos Aires Province 36 Chiu Chiu Formation nbsp Chile Calama Basin 8 Graxaim Formation nbsp Brazil Pelotas Basin 37 Mesa Formation nbsp Venezuela Eastern Venezuela Basin 38 Miramar Formation nbsp Argentina Claromeco Basin 39 Sabana Formation nbsp Colombia Altiplano Cundiboyacense 22 Tarija Formation nbsp Bolivia Tarija Basin 30 Ulloma Formation nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 33 Umala Formation nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 40 Uquia Formation nbsp Argentina Eastern Argentinian Andes 41 Vorohue Formation nbsp Argentina Claromeco Basin 42 Yupoi Formation nbsp Argentina Parana Basin 43 44 Uquian Uquia Formation nbsp Argentina Eastern Argentinian Andes 41 Bahia Inglesa Formation nbsp Chile Caldera Basin 45 Charana Formation nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 40 Chiu Chiu Formation nbsp Chile Calama Basin 8 Hernandarias Formation nbsp Argentina Parana Basin 46 La Paz Formation nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 33 Sacaba Formation nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 47 San Andres Formation nbsp Argentina Claromeco Basin 39 San Gregorio Formation nbsp Venezuela Falcon Basin 48 Umala Formation nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 40 Vorohue Formation nbsp Argentina Claromeco Basin 42 Ware Formation nbsp Colombia Cocinetas Basin 49 Chapadmalalan Chapadmalal Formation nbsp Argentina Claromeco Basin 50 51 Puerto Alvear Formation nbsp Argentina Parana Basin 52 Andalhuala Formation nbsp Argentina Santa Maria Hualfin Basin 53 Bahia Inglesa Formation nbsp Chile Caldera Basin 45 Brochero Formation nbsp Argentina Sierras de Cordoba 54 Chiu Chiu Formation nbsp Chile Calama Basin 8 Coquimbo Formation nbsp Chile Tongoy Bay 55 Horcon Formation nbsp Chile Valparaiso Basin 56 La Paz Formation nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 33 La Portada Formation nbsp Chile Tiburon Basin 57 Pisco Formation nbsp Peru Pisco Basin 58 59 Rio Quinto Formation nbsp Argentina Pampa de Las Salinas Basin 60 San Gregorio Formation nbsp Venezuela Falcon Basin 48 San Jose Formation nbsp Argentina nbsp Uruguay Salado BasinSanta Lucia Basin 61 Toro Negro Formation nbsp Argentina Sierra de Los Colorados 62 Umala Formation nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 40 Ware Formation nbsp Colombia Cocinetas Basin 49 Montehermosan Monte Hermoso Formation nbsp Argentina Claromeco Basin 63 64 65 Aconquija Formation nbsp Argentina Sierra del Aconquija 66 67 Andalhuala Formation nbsp Argentina Santa Maria Hualfin Basin 53 Bahia Inglesa Formation nbsp Chile Caldera Basin 45 Caleta Herradura Formation nbsp Chile Tiburon Basin 68 Casira Formation nbsp Bolivia Potosi mountain range 69 Codore Formation nbsp Venezuela Falcon Basin 70 Coquimbo Formation nbsp Chile Tongoy Bay 55 Corral Quemado Formation nbsp Argentina Santa Maria Hualfin Basin 71 Ipururo Formation nbsp Peru Ucayali Basin 72 73 La Paz Formation nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 33 Letrero Formation nbsp Ecuador Nabon Basin 74 Navidad Formation nbsp Chile Chilean Coast Range 75 Onzole Formation nbsp Ecuador Borbon Basin 76 Palo Pintado Formation nbsp Argentina Salta Basin 77 Paraguana Formation nbsp Venezuela Falcon Basin 78 Pisco Formation nbsp Peru Pisco Basin 58 59 Puerta del Diablo Formation nbsp Argentina Valdes Basin 79 Raigon Formation nbsp Uruguay Norte Basin 80 Remedios Formation nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 40 Rio Negro Formation nbsp Argentina Colorado Basin 81 Rio Quinto Formation nbsp Argentina Pampa de Las Salinas Basin 60 San Jose Formation nbsp Argentina nbsp Uruguay Salado BasinSanta Lucia Basin 61 Solimoes Formation nbsp Brazil Solimoes Basin 82 Umala Formation nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 40 Huayquerian Huayquerias Formation nbsp Argentina Cuyo Basin 83 84 Andalhuala Formation nbsp Argentina Santa Maria Hualfin Basin 53 Bahia Inglesa Formation Cerro Ballena nbsp Chile Caldera Basin 45 Camacho Formation nbsp Uruguay Norte amp Santa Lucia Basins 85 Cerro Azul Formation nbsp Argentina Colorado Basin 81 86 87 Chiquimil Formation nbsp Argentina Santa Maria Hualfin Basin 53 88 Coquimbo Formation nbsp Chile Tongoy Bay 55 Las Flores Formation nbsp Argentina Sierra del Tontal 89 Entrerriana Formation nbsp Argentina Chaco Basin note 1 Epecuen Formation nbsp Argentina Claromeco Basin note 2 Ica Formation nbsp Brazil Madre de Deus Basin 90 Inapari Formation nbsp Peru Madre de Dios Basin 91 India Muerta Formation nbsp Argentina Sierras Pampeanas 92 Ituzaingo Formation nbsp Argentina Parana Basin 93 94 Kiyu Formation nbsp Uruguay Santa Lucia Basin 95 note 3 Madre de Dios Formation nbsp Peru Madre de Dios Basin 97 Maimara Formation nbsp Argentina Eastern Argentinian Andes 98 Mauri Formation nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 99 Miramar Formation nbsp Peru Sechura Basin 100 El Morterito Formation nbsp Argentina Cajon Valley 101 Muyu Huasi Formation nbsp Bolivia Muyu Huasi Basin 102 Navidad Formation nbsp Chile Chilean Coast Range 75 Palo Pintado Formation nbsp Argentina Salta Basin 77 Parana Formation nbsp Argentina Chaco Basin 94 103 104 Pebas Formation nbsp Brazil nbsp Colombia nbsp Ecuador nbsp Peru Amazon Basin 72 105 Piquete Formation nbsp Argentina Salta Basin 106 Pisco Formation nbsp Peru Pisco Basin 58 59 Quehua Formation nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 107 Raigon Formation nbsp Uruguay Norte Basin 80 Rosa Pata Formation nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 108 Saldungaray Formation nbsp Argentina Buenos Aires Province 87 Salicas Formation nbsp Argentina Sierra de Velasco 109 Solimoes Formation nbsp Brazil Solimoes Basin 82 Urumaco Formation nbsp Venezuela Falcon Basin 110 Chasicoan Arroyo Chasico Formation nbsp Argentina Colorado Basin 81 Bahia Inglesa Formation nbsp Chile Caldera Basin 45 Caujarao Formation nbsp Venezuela Falcon Basin 70 Cerro Azul Formation nbsp Argentina Colorado Basin 81 86 87 Coquimbo Formation nbsp Chile Tongoy Bay 55 Loma de Las Tapias Formation nbsp Argentina Tulum Valley 111 Madre de Dios Formation nbsp Peru Madre de Dios Basin 97 Mauri Formation nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 99 Navidad Formation nbsp Chile Chilean Coast Range 75 Palo Pintado Formation nbsp Argentina Angastaco Basin 77 Parana Formation nbsp Argentina Chaco Basin 94 103 Pebas Formation nbsp Brazil nbsp Colombia nbsp Ecuador nbsp Peru Amazon Basin 72 105 Pisco Formation nbsp Peru Pisco Basin 58 59 Puerto Madryn Formation nbsp Argentina Valdes Basin 112 Urumaco Formation Urumaco fauna nbsp Venezuela Falcon Basin 110 Mayoan Rio Mayo Formation nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 113 Coquimbo Formation nbsp Chile Tongoy Bay 55 Gran Bajo del Gualicho Formation nbsp Argentina Colorado Basin 114 Huaylas Formation nbsp Chile Parinacota Province 115 Mauri Formation nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 99 Navidad Formation nbsp Chile Chilean Coast Range 75 Parana Formation nbsp Argentina Chaco Basin 94 103 Pebas Formation nbsp Brazil nbsp Colombia nbsp Ecuador nbsp Peru Amazon Basin 72 105 Pisco Formation nbsp Peru Pisco Basin 58 59 Puerto Madryn Formation nbsp Argentina Valdes Basin 112 Urumaco Formation nbsp Venezuela Falcon Basin 110 Yecua Formation nbsp Bolivia Parana Basin 116 Laventan Honda Group La Venta fauna nbsp Colombia Upper Magdalena Valley 117 Honda Group Quebrada Honda fauna nbsp Bolivia Quebrada Honda Basin 118 Aisol Formation nbsp Argentina San Rafael Block 119 Bahia Inglesa Formation nbsp Chile Caldera Basin 45 Capadare Formation nbsp Venezuela Falcon Basin 120 Choquecota Formation nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 99 Cura Mallin Group nbsp Chile Cura Mallin Basin 121 Gran Bajo del Gualicho Formation nbsp Argentina Colorado Basin 114 Ipururo Formation nbsp Peru Ucayali Basin 72 73 Marino Formation nbsp Argentina Cuyo Basin 122 Mauri Formation nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 99 Parana Formation nbsp Argentina Chaco Basin 94 103 Pebas Formation nbsp Brazil nbsp Colombia nbsp Ecuador nbsp Peru Amazon Basin 72 105 Pisco Formation nbsp Peru Pisco Basin 58 59 Santa Ines Formation nbsp Venezuela Eastern Venezuela Basin 123 Sincelejo Formation nbsp Colombia Sinu San Jacinto Basin 124 Socorro Formation nbsp Venezuela Falcon Basin 125 Urumaco Formation nbsp Venezuela Falcon Basin 110 Colloncuran Collon Cura Formation nbsp Argentina Canadon Asfalto BasinNeuquen Basin 126 127 Castilletes Formation nbsp Colombia Cocinetas Basin 49 Cerdas beds nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 128 Cura Mallin Group nbsp Chile Cura Mallin Basin 121 Gran Bajo del Gualicho Formation nbsp Argentina Colorado Basin 114 Marino Formation nbsp Argentina Cuyo Basin 122 Mauri Formation nbsp Bolivia Altiplano Basin 99 Nazareno Formation nbsp Bolivia Tupiza Basin 99 Pebas Formation nbsp Brazil nbsp Colombia nbsp Ecuador nbsp Peru Amazon Basin 72 105 Pisco Formation nbsp Peru Pisco Basin 58 59 Friasian Rio Frias Formation nbsp Chile Aysen Basin 129 130 Castilletes Formation nbsp Colombia Cocinetas Basin 49 Chilcatay Formation nbsp Peru Pisco Basin 131 132 Cura Mallin Group nbsp Chile Cura Mallin Basin 121 Gran Bajo del Gualicho Formation nbsp Argentina Colorado Basin 114 Parangula Formation nbsp Venezuela Barinas Apure Basin 133 Pebas Formation nbsp Brazil nbsp Colombia nbsp Ecuador nbsp Peru Amazon Basin 72 105 Rio Foyel Formation nbsp Argentina Patagonian Andes 134 135 Rio Yuca Formation nbsp Venezuela Barinas Apure Basin 136 Santacrucian Santa Cruz Formation nbsp Argentina Austral Basin 137 138 Aisol Formation nbsp Argentina San Rafael Block 119 Cantaure Formation nbsp Venezuela Falcon Basin 139 Castillo Formation nbsp Venezuela Falcon Basin 140 Cerro Boleadoras Formation nbsp Argentina Austral Basin 141 Chaguaramas Formation nbsp Venezuela Eastern Venezuela Basin 142 Chilcatay Formation nbsp Peru Pisco Basin 131 132 Chucal Formation Chucal fauna nbsp Chile Altiplano Basin 143 Cura Mallin Group nbsp Chile Cura Mallin Basin 121 Gran Bajo del Gualicho Formation nbsp Argentina Colorado Basin 114 Jimol Formation nbsp Colombia Cocinetas Basin 49 Marino Formation nbsp Argentina Cuyo Basin 122 Pinturas Formation nbsp Argentina Austral Basin 144 138 Rio Yuca Formation nbsp Venezuela Barinas Apure Basin 136 Colhuehuapian Colhue Huapi Member nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 145 Abanico Formation nbsp Chile Abanico Basin 146 147 Biblian Formation nbsp Ecuador Cuenca Basin 148 Castillo Formation nbsp Venezuela Falcon Basin 140 Cerro Bandera Formation nbsp Argentina Neuquen Basin 149 Chichinales Formation nbsp Argentina Neuquen Basin 150 Chilcatay Formation nbsp Peru Pisco Basin 131 132 Cura Mallin Group nbsp Chile Cura Mallin Basin 121 Gaiman Formation nbsp Argentina Valdes Basin 151 Gran Bajo del Gualicho Formation nbsp Argentina Colorado Basin 114 Monte Leon Formation nbsp Argentina Austral Basin 152 138 Montera Formation nbsp Peru Sechura Basin 153 Pirabas Formation nbsp Brazil Amazon Basin 154 Rio Jeinemeni Formation nbsp Argentina Austral Basin 141 Sarmiento Formation nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 145 155 Uitpa Formation nbsp Colombia Cocinetas Basin 49 Deseadan Deseado Formation nbsp Argentina Deseado Massif 156 Abanico Formation nbsp Chile Abanico Basin 146 147 Agua de la Piedra Formation nbsp Argentina Precordillera 157 Barzalosa Formation nbsp Colombia Upper Magdalena Valley 158 Chambira Formation nbsp Peru Ucayali Basin 159 Chilcatay Formation nbsp Peru Pisco Basin 131 132 Dos Bocas Formation nbsp Ecuador Progreso Basin 160 Fray Bentos Formation nbsp Argentina nbsp Uruguay Parana Basin 161 162 Gaiman Formation nbsp Argentina Valdes Basin 151 Marino Formation nbsp Argentina Cuyo Basin 122 Monte Leon Formation nbsp Argentina Austral Basin 152 138 Moquegua Formation nbsp Peru Moquegua Basin 163 Mugrosa Formation nbsp Colombia Middle Magdalena Valley 164 Petaca Formation nbsp Bolivia Subandean Belt 118 116 Puca Group Lacayani fauna nbsp Bolivia Subandean Belt 165 Rio Baguales Formation nbsp Chile Aysen Basin 166 Salla Formation nbsp Bolivia Salla Luribay Basin 167 168 Sarmiento Formation nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 145 155 Tremembe Formation Sao Paulo Formation nbsp Brazil Taubate Basin 169 Tinguirirican Abanico Formation Tinguiririca fauna nbsp Chile Abanico Basin 146 147 Chota Formation nbsp Peru Bagua Basin 170 171 Entre Corregos Formation nbsp Brazil Aiuruoca Basin 172 Gualanday Group nbsp Colombia Central Colombian Ranges 173 Laguna Brava Formation nbsp Argentina Precordillera 174 Loreto Formation nbsp Chile Magallanes Basin 175 El Milagro Formation nbsp Peru Bagua Basin 176 Otuma Formation nbsp Peru Pisco Basin 131 177 Sarmiento Formation nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 145 155 Seca Formation nbsp Ecuador Progreso Basin 178 Soncco Formation nbsp Peru Eastern Peruvian Andes 179 Divisaderan Divisadero Largo Formation nbsp Argentina Cuyo Basin 180 Abanico Formation nbsp Chile Abanico Basin 146 147 Andesitas Huancache Formation nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 181 Chota Formation nbsp Peru Bagua Basin 170 171 Leticia Formation nbsp Argentina Austral Basin 182 Loreto Formation nbsp Chile Magallanes Basin 175 Paracas Formation nbsp Peru Pisco Basin 183 Pozo Formation nbsp Peru Ucayali Basin 72 184 Sarmiento Formation nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 145 155 Soncco Formation nbsp Peru Eastern Peruvian Andes 179 Yumaque Formation nbsp Peru Pisco Basin 185 Mustersan Sarmiento Formation nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 155 Abanico Formation nbsp Chile Abanico Basin 146 147 Andesitas Huancache Formation nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 181 Chota Formation nbsp Peru Bagua Basin 170 171 Geste Formation nbsp Argentina Puna Plateau 186 187 Laguna del Hunco Formation nbsp Argentina Canadon Asfalto Basin 188 Paracas Formation nbsp Peru Pisco Basin 183 Pozo Formation nbsp Peru Ucayali Basin 72 184 Soncco Formation nbsp Peru Eastern Peruvian Andes 179 Vaca Mahuida Formation nbsp Argentina Neuquen Basin 189 Ventana Formation nbsp Argentina Neuquen Basin 190 Yahuarango Formation Santa Rosa fauna nbsp Peru Ucayali Basin 191 171 Casamayoran Casamayor Formation nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 192 Abanico Formation nbsp Chile Abanico Basin 146 147 Bogota Formation nbsp Colombia Altiplano Cundiboyacense 193 Cayara Formation nbsp Bolivia Cochabamba Department 194 Chota Formation nbsp Peru Bagua Basin 170 171 Fonseca Formation nbsp Brazil Fonseca Basin 195 Guabirotuba Formation nbsp Brazil Curitiba Basin 196 Huitrera Formation nbsp Argentina Neuquen Basin 197 Laguna del Hunco Formation nbsp Argentina Canadon Asfalto Basin 188 Los Cuervos Formation nbsp Colombia Cesar Rancheria Basin 198 199 Lumbrera Formation nbsp Argentina Salta Basin 200 Maiz Gordo Formation nbsp Argentina Salta Basin 201 Quebrada de los Colorados Formation nbsp Argentina Salta Basin 202 203 Sarmiento Formation nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 145 155 Riochican Rio Chico Group nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 204 Bogota Formation nbsp Colombia Altiplano Cundiboyacense 193 Bororo Formation nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 205 Chota Formation nbsp Peru Bagua Basin 170 171 Koluel Kaike Formation nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 206 Maiz Gordo Formation nbsp Argentina Salta Basin 201 Mogollon Formation nbsp Peru Talara amp Tumbes Basins 207 Munani Formation nbsp Peru Altiplano Basin 208 Penas Coloradas Formation nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 209 Rio Loro Formation nbsp Argentina Sierras Pampeanas 210 Salamanca Formation nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 209 Itaboraian Itaborai Formation nbsp Brazil Itaborai Basin 211 Bogota Formation nbsp Colombia Altiplano Cundiboyacense 193 Cerrejon Formation nbsp Colombia Cesar Rancheria Basin 212 Chota Formation nbsp Peru Bagua Basin 170 171 Koluel Kaike Formation nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 206 Las Flores Formation nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 213 Maiz Gordo Formation nbsp Argentina Salta Basin 201 Mealla Formation nbsp Argentina Salta Basin 214 Mogollon Formation nbsp Peru Talara amp Tumbes Basins 207 Munani Formation nbsp Peru Altiplano Basin 208 Penas Coloradas Formation nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 209 Rio Loro Formation nbsp Argentina Sierras Pampeanas 210 Peligran Penas Coloradas Formation nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 209 Bogota Formation nbsp Colombia Altiplano Cundiboyacense 193 Cerrejon Formation nbsp Colombia Cesar Rancheria Basin 212 Chota Formation nbsp Peru Bagua Basin 170 171 Guaduas Formation nbsp Colombia Altiplano Cundiboyacense 215 Salamanca Formation nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 209 Santa Lucia Formation nbsp Bolivia Potosi Basin 216 Tiupampan Santa Lucia Formation nbsp Bolivia Potosi Basin 216 Chota Formation nbsp Peru Bagua Basin 170 171 Guaduas Formation nbsp Colombia Altiplano Cundiboyacense 215 Lefipan Formation nbsp Argentina Canadon Asfalto Basin 217 Maria Farinha Formation nbsp Brazil Paraiba Basin 218 Salamanca Formation nbsp Argentina Golfo San Jorge Basin 209 Fossil content editSALMA Group Fossils Formation NotesLujanian Mammals Calomys callosus Chaetophractus villosus Ctenomys lujanensis C magellanicus Dilobodon lujanensis Doedicurus clavicaudatus Dolichotis patagonum Dusicyon avus Eligmodontia typus Equus Amerhippus cf curvidens Equus caballus Eulamaops paralellus Eutatus seguini Galea musteloides Glossotherium myloides G robustum Glyptodon clavipes G perforatus G reticulatus G rudimentarius Hemiauchenia paradoxa Hippidion devillei H principale Holochilus brasiliensis Lagostomus maximus Lama glama L gracilis L guanicoe Lestodelphys halli Lestodon armatus L gaudryi L trigonidens Lontra longicaudis Lycalopex gymnocercus Lyncodon patagonicus Macrauchenia patachonica Megatherium americanum Microcavia australis M robusta Morenelaphus azpeitianus M lujanensis Myocastor coypus M priscus Neochoerus aesopi Neochoerus sulcidens Neuryurus rudis Notiomastodon platensis Pampatherium typum Panochthus tuberculatus Panthera onca Panthera platensis Pediolagus salinicola Pseudalopex gymnocercus Reithrodon auritus R cf physodes Scelidotherium leptocephalum Smilodon populator Stegomastodon superbus Tayassu tajacu Tolypeutes tricinctus matacus Toxodon bilobidens T platensis Arctotherium sp Neosclerocalyptus sp Lujan 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 Holmesina rondoniensis Rio Madeira 227 Birds Cathartes fossilis Lagopterus minutus Nannopterum brasilianum Sarcorhamphus fossilis Lujan 222 Insects Cyclocephala signaticollis Diloboderus abderus Epipedonota cristallisata Nyctelia picipes Scotobius pilularius Lujan 228 229 Ensenadan Mammals Epieurycerus truncus Tonnicinctus mirus Ensenada 230 231 Balaenoptera musculus Eubalaena australis Megaptera novaeangliae Ziphiidae indet Graxaim 232 Homotherium venezuelensis Smilodon gracilis Tapirus sp Mesa 233 234 Eutatus sp Mesotherium sp Neosclerocalyptus sp Palaeolama sp Miramar 235 Equus Amerhippus andium Equus Amerhippus insulatus Andinomys cf edea Arctodus tarijensis A wingei Arctotherium tarijense A wingei Calomys cf lancha Canis dirus Canis proplatensis Chaetophractus tarijensis C villosus Charitoceros tarijensis Chlamydotherium cf sellowi Chrysocyon brachyurus Coendou magnus Conepatus suffocans Ctenomys brachyrhinus C subassentiens Cuvieronius hyodon C tropicus Dasypus cf villosus Dicotyles cf major Euphractus sexcinctus Euryzygomatomys hoffstetteri Felis platensis Felis yaguaroundi Glossotherium robustum G tarijensis Glyptodon clavipes G reticulatus Hemiauchenia cf paradoxa Hippidion bonaerensis H devillei H principale Hoplophorus echazui Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris Kunsia fronto Lama castelnaudi L glama L intermedia L mesolithica L cf oweni L provicugna Lestodon armatus Lutreolina crassicaudata Macrauchenia patagonica Megatherium americanum M tarijensis Myocastor coypus M perditus Nectomys cf squamipes Neochoerus tarijensis Neothoracophorus cf elevatus Nothropus tarijensis Oxymycterus cf paranensis Palaeolama crequii P weddeli Pampatherium cf humboldtii Panochthus cf tuberculatus Panthera onca Phyllotis cf darwini Platygonus tarijensis Propraopus sulcatus Protocyon tarijensis Pseudalopex gymnocercus Puma concolor Reigomys primigenus Scelidodon tarijensis Scelidother, wikipedia, wiki , book, books, library,
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