The rice and maize weevils have a nearly cosmopolitan distribution, occurring throughout the warmer parts of the world. In Europe they are replaced by the temperate Palearcticwheat weevil.
Biologyedit
The adult female weevil bores a hole in a grain, nut, or seed, and deposits an egg, usually one egg per individual grain. She seals the hole with a secretion. The larva develops while feeding on the interior of the grain, and then pupates. It usually leaves the grain completely hollow when it exits as an adult.[6] The wheat weevil can live on acorns, and may have used them as a host before agriculture made grain plentiful. The rice weevil can live on beans, nuts, grains, and some types of fruit, such as grapes.[7] Several other Sitophilus use the acorns of oaks such as bluejack oak (Quercus incana) and moru oak (Q. floribunda). Some use the seeds of trees in the Dipterocarpaceae and the legume family, Fabaceae. The tamarind weevil (S. linearis) is only known from the seeds of tamarind.[6]
Several Sitophilus species are hosts to an intracellular γ-Proteobacterium. Weevil and bacterium have a symbiotic relationship in which the bacterium produces nutrients such as amino acids and vitamins for the host, supplementing its cereal diet.[8]
Diversityedit
As of 1993, there are about 14 species of Sitophilus.[6]
^ abControl of Sitophilus zeamais Mots., 1958 and Sitophilus oryzae (L., 1763) weevils (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) in stored rice grain (Oryza sativa l.) with insecticide pirimiphos methyl (Actellic 500 CE) B. Alleoni1, W. Ferreira 9th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection
^"Maize weevil | Padil.gov". from the original on 2016-04-03. Retrieved 2016-04-03.
^ abcdPlarre, R. (2010). An attempt to reconstruct the natural and cultural history of the granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).[permanent dead link]Eur J Entomol 107, 1-11.
^Ebeling, W. Chapter 7: Pests Of Stored Food Products. 2015-11-08 at the Wayback Machine Urban Entomology. University of California, Riverside.
^Vallier, A., et al. (2009). RNAi in the cereal weevil Sitophilus spp: systemic gene knockdown in the bacteriome tissue. BMC Biotechnology 9(1), 44.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sitophilus.
Obata, H., et al. (2011). A new light on the evolution and propagation of prehistoric grain pests: The world's oldest maize weevils found in Jomon Potteries, Japan. PLoS ONE 6(3) e14785. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0014785.
December 07, 2023
sitophilus, genus, weevils, tribe, litosomini, some, species, familiar, pests, stored, grain, seed, notable, pest, species, include, rice, weevil, oryzae, wheat, weevil, granarius, maize, weevil, zeamais, granariusscientific, classificationdomain, eukaryotakin. Sitophilus is a genus of weevils in the tribe Litosomini Some species are familiar as pests of stored grain nut or seed Notable pest species include the rice weevil S oryzae wheat weevil S granarius and maize weevil S zeamais SitophilusSitophilus granariusScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ArthropodaClass InsectaOrder ColeopteraInfraorder CucujiformiaFamily CurculionidaeSubfamily DryophthorinaeTribe LitosominiGenus SitophilusSchoenherr 1838 1 Species14 see textAmong the Stiophilus are species which destroy stored wheat rice sorghum 2 3 4 oats barley rye buckwheat 4 peas cottonseed processed cereal products such as pasta cassava 3 and fruits such as apples 5 Contents 1 Distribution 2 Biology 3 Diversity 4 References 5 External linksDistribution editThe rice and maize weevils have a nearly cosmopolitan distribution occurring throughout the warmer parts of the world In Europe they are replaced by the temperate Palearctic wheat weevil Biology editThe adult female weevil bores a hole in a grain nut or seed and deposits an egg usually one egg per individual grain She seals the hole with a secretion The larva develops while feeding on the interior of the grain and then pupates It usually leaves the grain completely hollow when it exits as an adult 6 The wheat weevil can live on acorns and may have used them as a host before agriculture made grain plentiful The rice weevil can live on beans nuts grains and some types of fruit such as grapes 7 Several other Sitophilus use the acorns of oaks such as bluejack oak Quercus incana and moru oak Q floribunda Some use the seeds of trees in the Dipterocarpaceae and the legume family Fabaceae The tamarind weevil S linearis is only known from the seeds of tamarind 6 Several Sitophilus species are hosts to an intracellular g Proteobacterium Weevil and bacterium have a symbiotic relationship in which the bacterium produces nutrients such as amino acids and vitamins for the host supplementing its cereal diet 8 Diversity editAs of 1993 there are about 14 species of Sitophilus 6 Species include 6 Sitophilus conicollis Sitophilus cribrosus Sitophilus erosa Sitophilus glandium Sitophilus granarius wheat weevil granary weevil Sitophilus linearis tamarind weevil Sitophilus oryzae rice weevil Sitophilus quadrinotatus Sitophilus rugicollis Sitophilus rugosus Sitophilus sculpturatus Sitophilus vateriae Sitophilus zeamais maize weevilFossil taxa include Sitophilus punctatissimusReferences edit Schoenherr 1838 Gen et Sp Curc 4 2 967 http agspsrv34 agric wa gov au ento pestweb Query1 1 idc ID 1055010548 Archived 2011 09 28 at the Wayback Machine gt bare URL a b Control of Sitophilus zeamais Mots 1958 and Sitophilus oryzae L 1763 weevils Coleoptera Curculionidae in stored rice grain Oryza sativa l with insecticide pirimiphos methyl Actellic 500 CE B Alleoni1 W Ferreira 9th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection a b Maize weevil Grainscanada gc ca 2009 12 21 Retrieved 2010 07 29 Maize weevil Padil gov Archived from the original on 2016 04 03 Retrieved 2016 04 03 a b c d Plarre R 2010 An attempt to reconstruct the natural and cultural history of the granary weevil Sitophilus granarius Coleoptera Curculionidae permanent dead link Eur J Entomol 107 1 11 Ebeling W Chapter 7 Pests Of Stored Food Products Archived 2015 11 08 at the Wayback Machine Urban Entomology University of California Riverside Vallier A et al 2009 RNAi in the cereal weevil Sitophilus spp systemic gene knockdown in the bacteriome tissue BMC Biotechnology 9 1 44 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sitophilus Obata H et al 2011 A new light on the evolution and propagation of prehistoric grain pests The world s oldest maize weevils found in Jomon Potteries Japan PLoS ONE 6 3 e14785 doi 10 1371 journal pone 0014785 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sitophilus amp oldid 1180154284, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
