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Sepultura

April 12, 2023

Not to be confused with Sepulture.

Sepultura (Portuguese: [ˌsepuwˈtuɾɐ], "grave")[1] is a Brazilian heavy metal band from Belo Horizonte. Formed in 1984 by brothers Max and Igor Cavalera,[2] the band was a major force in the groove metal, thrash metal and death metal[3] genres during the late 1980s and early 1990s,[4] with their later experiments drawing influence from alternative metal, world music, nu metal,[3] hardcore punk, and industrial metal.[5][6] Sepultura has also been credited as one of the second wave of thrash metal acts from the late 1980s to early-to-mid-1990s.[7][8][9][10][11][12]

Sepultura
Sepultura at the Wacken Open Air in 2018
Background information
OriginBelo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Genres
Years active1984–present
Labels
Spinoffs
Members
Past members
Websitesepultura.com.br

The band has had several lineup changes throughout its 39-year career, with Max and Igor Cavalera departing in 1996 and 2006, respectively. Sepultura's current lineup consists of vocalist Derrick Green (who replaced Max in 1997), guitarist Andreas Kisser, bassist Paulo Jr. and drummer Eloy Casagrande (who replaced Igor's successor Jean Dolabella in 2011). Since Igor Cavalera's departure in 2006, there have been no original members left in the band. Although Paulo Jr. joined Sepultura shortly after its formation in late 1984 and is the longest serving member, he did not play on any of the band's studio albums until Chaos A.D. (1993).[a] Kisser, who replaced onetime guitarist Jairo Guedz, has appeared on all of Sepultura's albums since their second full-length Schizophrenia (1987); he also recorded bass guitar until Chaos A.D..[a]

Sepultura has released fifteen studio albums to date, the latest being Quadra (2020). Their most successful records are Beneath the Remains (1989), Arise (1991), Chaos A.D. (1993), and Roots (1996).[17] Sepultura has sold over three million units in the United States and almost 20 million worldwide,[18][19] gaining multiple gold and platinum records around the globe, including in countries as diverse as France,[20][21] Australia,[22] Indonesia,[23] United States,[24] Cyprus,[25] and their native Brazil.[26]

History

 
Sepultura's "classic" logo, used on all of the band's albums from Beneath the Remains (1989) to Against (1998), and again since Kairos (2011).

Formation, Bestial Devastation and Morbid Visions (1984–1986)

 
Singer and guitarist Max Cavalera formed Sepultura, along with his brother Igor, in 1984, and stayed with the band until 1996.

Sepultura was formed in 1984 in Belo Horizonte, the capital city of Minas Gerais, Brazil.[2] The band was founded by brothers Max and Igor Cavalera, the impoverished sons of Vânia, a model, and Graciliano, a well-to-do Italian diplomat whose fatal heart attack left his family in financial ruin.[27] Graciliano's death deeply affected his sons, inspiring them to form a band after Max heard Black Sabbath's 1972 album Black Sabbath Vol. 4 the very same day.[28] They chose the band name Sepultura, the Portuguese word for "grave", when Max translated the lyrics of the Motörhead song "Dancing on Your Grave".[1]

The brothers' early influences included Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath, and Deep Purple, and metal and hard rock artists of the early 1980s, such as Van Halen, Iron Maiden, Motörhead, AC/DC, Judas Priest, Ozzy Osbourne, and V8, as well as hardcore punk acts, such as Terveet Kädet, Rattus and Discharge.[2] They would travel to a record shop in São Paulo that mixed tapes of the latest records by American bands.[29] Their listening habits changed dramatically after being introduced to Venom. As Igor Cavalera put it:

"I remember the first time I listened to Venom, it was on a friend's borrowed tape. It was similar to Motörhead, only a lot heavier. I remember someone saying: it's the devil's Motörhead! After we got acquainted with Venom, we stopped listening to Iron Maiden and all that lighter stuff."[30]

The Cavalera brothers started listening to more extreme metal bands at the time such as Hellhammer, Celtic Frost, Kreator, Sodom, Slayer, Megadeth, Exodus, and Exciter.[31] They also had influences on Brazilian metal from bands like Stress, Sagrado Inferno, and Dorsal Atlântica. By 1984, they had dropped out of school.[29] After several early membership changes, Sepultura established a stable lineup of Max on guitar, Igor on drums, lead vocalist Wagner Lamounier, and bassist Paulo Jr.[32] Lamounier departed in March 1985 after disagreements with the band, and moved on to become the leader of the pioneering Brazilian black metal band Sarcófago. After his departure, Max took over the vocal duties. Jairo Guedes was invited to join the band as lead guitarist.[33]

After about a year of performing, Sepultura signed to Cogumelo Records in 1985. Later that year, they released Bestial Devastation, a shared EP with fellow Brazilian band Overdose. It was recorded and self-produced in just two days. The band recorded their first full-length album, Morbid Visions, in August 1986. It contained their first hit, "Troops of Doom", which gained some media attention. The band then decided to relocate to the larger city of São Paulo.[34]

Schizophrenia, Beneath the Remains, and Arise (1987–1992)

 
Andreas Kisser has been the lead guitarist of Sepultura since 1987. His arrival provided the group with a more technical experience.

In early 1987, Jairo Guedz quit the band. Guedz was replaced by São Paulo-based guitarist Andreas Kisser,[35] and they released their second studio album, Schizophrenia, later that year. The album reflected a stylistic change towards a more thrash metal-oriented sound, while still keeping the death metal elements of Morbid Visions. Schizophrenia was an improvement in production and performance, and became a minor critical sensation across Europe and America as a much sought-after import. The band sent tapes to the United States that made radio playlists at a time when they were struggling to book gigs, because club owners were afraid to book them due to their style.[29] The band gained attention from Roadrunner Records who signed them and released Schizophrenia internationally before seeing the band perform in person.[34][36]

During a May 2018 interview with teenyrockers.com, Kisser noted that Sepultura would not have been possible without family support, not only from his own family, but also from the families of Max and Igor, and Paulo Jr.[37]

The band's third studio album, Beneath the Remains, was released in 1989. The album was recorded in a rustic studio in Rio de Janeiro while the band communicated through translators with the American producer Scott Burns.[29] It was an immediate success and became known in thrash metal circles as a classic on the order of Slayer's Reign in Blood.[36] It was hailed by Terrorizer magazine as one of the all-time top 20 thrash metal albums,[38] as well as gaining a place in their all-time top 40 death metal records.[39] AllMusic gave the album 4.5 stars out of 5 and said, "The complete absence of filler here makes this one of the most essential death/thrash metal albums of all time."[40] A long European and American tour furthered the band's reputation, despite the fact that they were still very limited English speakers. Sepultura's first live dates outside of Brazil were opening for Sodom on their Agent Orange tour in Europe; following this was Sepultura's first U.S. show, which was held on October 31, 1989 at the Ritz in New York City, opening for Danish heavy metal band King Diamond.[41] The band filmed its first video for the song "Inner Self", which received considerable airplay on MTV's Headbangers Ball, giving Sepultura their first exposure in North America.[42] Touring in support of Beneath the Remains continued throughout much of 1990, including three shows in Brazil with Napalm Death, European dates with Mordred and a US tour with Obituary and Sadus.[41]

Traveling on trains. Getting beat up by cops. Sleeping behind the stage. It's part of growing up. It's part of the nature of this stuff. If you don't have that kind of background, you can't be a band like us.

Max Cavalera reflecting on Sepultura's past in Brazil.[29]

In January 1991, Sepultura played for more than 100,000 people at the Rock in Rio II festival. The band relocated from their native Brazil to Phoenix, Arizona in 1990, obtained new management, and recorded the album Arise at Morrisound Studios in Tampa, Florida.[29] By the time the album was released in March 1991, the band had become one of the most critically praised thrash/death metal bands of the time. The first single "Dead Embryonic Cells" was a success, and the title track gained additional attention when its video was banned by MTV America due to its apocalyptic religious imagery; it did, however, get some airplay on Headbangers Ball as did the music videos for "Dead Embryonic Cells" and "Desperate Cry".[42] Arise was critically acclaimed and their first to chart on the Billboard 200, reaching No. 119.[43]

Sepultura toured relentlessly throughout 1991 and 1992 in support of Arise; its touring cycle began in May 1991 with a European trek with Sacred Reich and Heathen, followed by the New Titans on the Block tour in the US that included support from Sacred Reich, Napalm Death and Sick of It All.[41] They also played with several other bands, including Slayer, Testament, Motörhead, Kreator, White Zombie, Type O Negative and Fudge Tunnel, and along with Alice in Chains, Sepultura supported Ozzy Osbourne on his No More Tears tour.[41] Max Cavalera married the band's manager Gloria Bujnowski during this period.[34] The Arise tour concluded in December 1992 with a US tour, where the band (along with Helmet) supported Ministry's Psalm 69 tour.[41]

Chaos A.D., Nailbomb and Roots (1993–1996)

 
Max Cavalera
 
Igor Cavalera

Sepultura's fifth album, Chaos A.D., was released in 1993. Supported by the singles "Refuse/Resist", "Territory" and "Slave New World", this was their only album to be released in North America by Epic Records, and the first of two albums by Sepultura to be certified gold there.[44] It saw a departure from their death metal style,[45] adding influences of groove metal,[46] industrial and hardcore punk.[5] While Chaos A.D. is not a death metal album, it does include elements of thrash metal music.[47] AllMusic gave the album 4.5 stars out of 5 and wrote that, "Chaos A.D. ranks as one of the greatest heavy metal albums of all time."[48] The band did a year-long tour in support of Chaos A.D., starting with a headlining European run with Paradise Lost, followed by a US tour with Fudge Tunnel, Fear Factory and Clutch.[41] They were also one of the support acts (along with Biohazard and Prong) for Pantera's Far Beyond Driven tour in North America, and then opened for the Ramones in South America and toured Australia and New Zealand with Sacred Reich. By the time the Chaos A.D. tour ended in November 1994,[41] Sepultura was one of the most successful heavy metal bands of the day.[49][50][51]

Also in 1994, Max and Igor collaborated with Alex Newport of Fudge Tunnel to form Nailbomb. They released an even more industrial-oriented album, Point Blank the same year. The group performed only one full live gig at Dynamo Open Air in 1995, and the performance was released as Proud to Commit Commercial Suicide. Nailbomb was disbanded shortly afterwards.

Sepultura's sound change continued with their sixth album, Roots, which was released in 1996. On this album the band experimented with elements of the music of Brazil's indigenous peoples, and adopted a slower, down-tuned sound. The album was hailed as a modern-day heavy metal classic and a major influence on the then-nascent nu metal scene. AllMusic gave it 4.5 stars out of 5 and said, "Roots consolidates Sepultura's position as perhaps the most distinctive, original heavy metal band of the 1990s."[52] In 1996, Sepultura performed "War (Guerra)" for the AIDS benefit album Silencio=Muerte: Red Hot + Latin produced by the Red Hot Organization.

Departure of Max Cavalera, Derrick Green joins and Against (1996–2000)

In August 1996, Sepultura played on the Castle Donington Monsters of Rock main stage alongside Ozzy Osbourne, Paradise Lost, Type O Negative, Biohazard, and Fear Factory. The band was suddenly a three-piece with Andreas Kisser taking over on lead vocals, after Max Cavalera left the concert site earlier in the day upon learning of the death of his stepson Dana Wells in a car accident. After Dana Wells' funeral was finished, Max returned and continued to tour with Sepultura. A few months after Wells' death, the band had a meeting with Max and said that they wanted to fire their manager Gloria Bujnowski, who was Max's wife and Dana's mother, and find new management. Their reasoning was that Bujnowski was giving preferential treatment to Max while neglecting the rest of the band. Max, who was still coming to terms with the death of Wells, felt betrayed by his bandmates for wanting to get rid of Bujnowski and abruptly quit the band.[34] Max Cavalera's final performance with Sepultura was at Brixton Academy in England on December 16, 1996.[53]

I started Sepultura back in the day. I used to write that name on my schoolbooks. What I'm going through now, is like watching my own son die. I cry every day, I feel hurt, sad, angry, it's like half of me has died.

Max Cavalera explaining his feelings on leaving Sepultura.[54]

 
Derrick Green has been the singer of Sepultura since 1997, when he replaced Max Cavalera, who had left the band the year before.

Following Max Cavalera's departure, the remaining members of Sepultura announced plans to find a new vocalist. Among those who auditioned were Chuck Billy of Testament, Phil Demmel of Machine Head and Vio-lence, Marc Grewe of Morgoth, Jorge Rosado of Merauder and a then-unknown Jason "Gong" Jones.[55][56] American musician Derrick Green from Cleveland, Ohio, was selected as the band's new front-man. The first album with the new line-up was Against, which was released in 1998. The album was critically and commercially less successful than previous albums and sold considerably fewer copies than the debut album by Max Cavalera's new band Soulfly.[34][57] In a retrospective review AllMusic gave the album 3 stars out of 5, stating that "there are enough flashes of the old Sepultura brilliance to suggest that great things are still to come".

Nation and Roorback (2001–2005)

The band's eighth album, Nation, released in 2001, sold poorly. It would be their last studio album with Roadrunner Records. AllMusic gives the album 3 stars out of 5 and said, "As Green scrapes the lining of his vocal chords through the brash, impassioned tracks, he's singing about more than just 'one nation, Sepulnation'; he's suggesting something bigger, something worth shouting about and fighting for." In an interview, Derrick Green said that, "Every song will be related to the idea of building this nation. We will have our own flags, our own anthem."[58] A recording of Max Cavalera's last live show with Sepultura, titled Under a Pale Grey Sky, was released in 2002 by Roadrunner Records.

After recording Revolusongs, an EP of covers in 2002, the band released their ninth studio album, Roorback, in 2003. Despite receiving greater critical acclaim than its predecessors, sales remained low. It was their first album with SPV Records. AllMusic gave the album 4 stars out of 5 and said, "if there are still any lingering doubts about the Green/Sepultura match, 2003's excellent Roorback should put them to rest for good. Green is passionate and focused throughout the album — he has no problem going that extra mile — and the writing is consistently strong."[59] In 2005, the band played in Dubai for the annual Dubai Desert Rock Festival. In November of that year, a live double DVD/double CD package, Live in São Paulo, was released. This was the first official live album from the band.

Dante XXI, A-Lex, and departure of Igor Cavalera (2006–2010)

 
Sepultura performing in Poland, 2007.

Sepultura's tenth album, Dante XXI, was released on March 14, 2006. It is a concept album based on Dante Alighieri's The Divine Comedy. Music videos were recorded for the songs "Convicted in Life" and "Ostia". AllMusic gave the album 3.5 stars out of 5 and said that, "Overall, Dante XXI is easily one of Sepultura's strongest releases to feature Green on vocals."[60]

In a 2007 interview with Revolver magazine, Max Cavalera stated that he and Igor, both of whom having recently reconciled after a decade-long feud, would reunite with the original Sepultura lineup. There were also rumors that the reunited line up would play on the main stage at Ozzfest 2007. However, this was denied by Kisser and the reunion did not occur.[61] Instead, Igor Cavalera left the band after the release of Dante XXI and was replaced by Brazilian drummer Jean Dolabella, leaving the band without any of its original members. After leaving Sepultura, Igor and Max formed Cavalera Conspiracy.

The band was one of the featured musical guests at the Latin Grammy Awards of 2008 on November 13. They performed a cover of "The Girl from Ipanema", and "We've Lost You" from the album A-Lex.[62] The 9th annual Latin Grammy Awards ceremony was held at the Toyota Center in Houston, Texas and aired on Univision.[63] Sepultura also appeared in a successful ad campaign for Volkswagen motors commercial that aired nationally throughout Brazil in 2008. The spot said that "it's the first time you've seen Sepultura like this. And a Sedan like this one too".[64] The Volkswagen TV spot shows Sepultura playing bossa nova, the opposite of its heavy metal style, to say that "you never saw something like this, as you never saw a car like the new Voyage."

Sepultura released the album A-Lex on January 26, 2009. This was the first Sepultura album to include neither of the Cavalera brothers, with bassist Paulo Jr. as the sole remaining member from the band's debut album. A-Lex is a concept album based on the book A Clockwork Orange. The album was recorded at Trama Studios in São Paulo, Brazil, with producer Stanley Soares. AllMusic gave the album 4 stars out of 5 and said, "Personnel changes can have a very negative effect on a band, but Sepultura have maintained their vitality all these years – and that vitality is alive and well on the superb A-Lex."[65] In the same year Andreas Kisser contributed his recipe for "Churrasco in Soy Sauce" to Hellbent for Cooking: The Heavy Metal Cookbook, stating in the recipe that he prefers his meat "medium-rare".[66] Sepultura supported Metallica on January 30 and 31, 2010, at Morumbi Stadium in São Paulo, Brazil. The two concerts were attended by 100,000 people.[67] The band filmed a concert DVD in 2010.[68] Sepultura played at Kucukciftlik Park, Istanbul, on April 27, 2010. On August 8, 2010 visited the UK to play at the Hevy Music Festival near Folkestone.

Kairos and The Mediator Between Head and Hands Must Be the Heart (2010–2015)

 
Drummer Eloy Casagrande in 2014. Casagrande has been the drummer of Sepultura since 2011.

On July 6, 2010, it was announced that Sepultura were signed with Nuclear Blast Records, and would release their first album for the label in 2011.[69] The band confirmed that there would be no reunion of the classic lineup.[70] By the end of 2010, the band began writing new material and entered the studio to begin recording their 12th album with producer Roy Z (Judas Priest, Halford, Iron Maiden's Bruce Dickinson, Helloween and Andre Matos).[71][72][73] On March 1, 2011, Sepultura had completed recording their new album, entitled Kairos, which was released in June 2011.[74]

The album includes cover versions of Ministry's "Just One Fix" and The Prodigy's "Firestarter", both of which are available as bonus tracks on various special-edition releases.[75] Sepultura played on the Kairos World Tour and at Wacken Open Air 2011. Drummer Jean Dolabella left the band and was replaced by 20-year-old Eloy Casagrande in November 2011, who had already played in Brazilian heavy metal singer Andre Matos' solo band and in the Brazilian post-hardcore band Gloria. In November and December 2011 Sepultura participated the Thrashfest Classics 2011 tour alongside thrash metal bands like Exodus, Destruction, Heathen, and Mortal Sin.

In May 2012, guitarist Andreas Kisser told Metal Underground that Sepultura would soon "start working on something new with Eloy" and see if they could "get ready for new music early next year".[76] In an interview at England's Bloodstock Open Air on August 10, 2012, Kisser revealed that Sepultura would be filming a live DVD with the French percussive group Les Tambours du Bronx. He also revealed that the band was "already thinking about new ideas" for their next album and would "have something new going on" in 2013.[77]

On December 10, 2012, producer Ross Robinson, who produced Sepultura's Roots album, tweeted: "Oh, didn't mention.. Spoke to Andreas, it's on. My vision, smoke Roots" suggesting he would be producing the band's next album. This was later confirmed, as well as an announcement that the album would be co-produced by Steve Evetts.[78] Former Slayer drummer Dave Lombardo made a guest appearance on the album.[79]

On January 25, 2013, it was announced that author Jason Korolenko was working on Relentless – 30 Years of Sepultura, which is described in a press release as "the only book-length biography to cover the band's entire 30-year career." Relentless was published on October 8, 2014 in Poland under the title Brazylijska Furia, and the English language edition was published via Rocket 88 on December 4, 2014.[80] The Brazilian edition, titled Relentless – 30 Anos de Sepultura, is scheduled for publication via Benvira in early 2015.[81] The French language edition of "Relentless" was published in France on October 19, 2015.[82]

On July 19, 2013, it was revealed that the title of the band's thirteenth album was The Mediator Between Head and Hands Must Be the Heart. In September 2013, they performed at Rock in Rio with Brazilian rock/MPB artist Zé Ramalho – this line-up was named "Zépultura", a portmanteau of both artists' names.[83][84][85][86]

Machine Messiah, Quadra and upcoming sixteenth studio album (2016–present)

After spending more than two years of touring in support of The Mediator Between Head and Hands Must Be the Heart,[87] Sepultura entered the studio in mid-2016 to begin recording their fourteenth studio album, with Jens Bogren as the producer.[88] The resulting album, Machine Messiah, was released on January 13, 2017.[89] Sepultura promoted the album with a series of world tours, including supporting Kreator on their Gods of Violence tour in Europe in February–March 2017,[90] and along with Prong, they supported Testament on the latter's Brotherhood of the Snake tour in the United States in April–May 2017.[91] The band also toured Europe in February and March 2018 with Obscura, Goatwhore and Fit for an Autopsy,[92] and Australia in May with Death Angel.[93]

The first official Sepultura documentary, Sepultura Endurance, was premiered in May 2017 and released on June 17.[94] Max and Igor declined to be interviewed for the film and also refused to allow early material of the band to be used.[95]

In an August 2018 interview at Wacken Open Air, Kisser confirmed that Sepultura had begun the songwriting process of their fifteenth studio album,[96] and stated later that month that it was not expected to be released before 2020.[97] The band began recording the album, again with producer Bogren, in August 2019 for a tentative February 2020 release.[98]

In October 2019, during their performance at Rock in Rio 8, the band announced the name and revealed the cover for their fifteenth studio album, which would be named Quadra. They also played the lead single, named "Isolation", which is also the opening track for the album.[99][100] On November 8, they released the studio version of "Isolation" and announced that Quadra would be released on February 7, 2020.[101] Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Sepultura had not been able to tour or play any shows in support of Quadra for over two years after its release. They played their first show in two years at Circo Voador in Rio de Janeiro on February 12, 2022.[102] The band promoted Quadra by touring the United States with Sacred Reich, Crowbar and Art of Shock, and Europe with the two-thirds of US leg (only Sacred Reich and Crowbar remaining); due to the COVID-19 situation, the tours had been rescheduled to two years from March and April 2020 and a year from the fall of 2021 respectively.[103][104][105][106] Drummer Bruno Valverde of Angra was brought to fill in for Eloy Casagrande on the last three dates of the US tour, as the latter could not perform due to a leg injury.[107] Due to a "family emergency", Kisser was temporarily filled in by Jean Patton of Project46 on the summer 2022 European tour;[108] the reason behind this "family emergency" situation turned out to be Kisser's wife Patricia's battle with colon cancer, which she died from on July 3.[109] The band will co-headline the Klash of the Titans tour in North America with Kreator during the spring of 2023.[110]

Sepultura released a quarantine collaboration album on August 13, 2021, titled SepulQuarta, which includes contributions by members of Megadeth, Testament, Anthrax, System of a Down, Trivium and Sacred Reich.[111][112]

In a July 2022 interview, frontman Derrick Green confirmed that Sepultura would begin working on their next studio album after the tour for Quadra ends, in 2024 at the earliest.[113]

Musical style, influences, and legacy

Sepultura has been influenced by a variety of music, including heavy metal and hard rock groups such as Queen, Kiss, Black Sabbath, Judas Priest, Motörhead, Iron Maiden, Scorpions, Venom, Celtic Frost, Twisted Sister and Whitesnake, thrash metal bands Metallica, Slayer, Megadeth, Exodus, Testament, Anthrax, Kreator, Sodom and Destruction and death metal bands Possessed and Death. They were also influenced by punk rock music, including bands such as the Ramones, the Sex Pistols, Terveet Kädet, Rattus, Black Flag, Dead Kennedys, Kaaos, Discharge, S.O.D., Amebix and New Model Army.[34][114][115][116][117][118][119] Andreas Kisser has affirmed that "without Slayer, Sepultura would never be possible."[120]

Sepultura's music comes in a wide range of heavy metal musical styles. The band has been described mainly as thrash metal and death metal,[4][121][122][123][124] and considered one of the primary inventors of the latter genre.[125] Another genre the band has been commonly categorized under is groove metal.[126][127] The band later on started experimenting with elements of other musical genres such as hardcore punk, industrial metal,[5] alternative metal,[128] world music[5][126][127] and nu metal.[3]

Elements of Latin music, samba and Brazilian folk and tribal music have also been incorporated into Sepultura's metal style, particularly on Roots. Roots was partly recorded with the indigenous Xavante tribe in Mato Grosso, and incorporates percussion, rhythms, chanting and lyrical themes inspired by the collaboration.[129][130][131]

Looking back on the band's career arc for a 2016 article on Max and Igor Cavalera's retrospective Return to Roots tour (in commemoration of the album's 20th anniversary), Nashville Scene contributor Saby Reyes-Kulkarni observed that "Before Chaos A.D., the overwhelming majority of metal had a 'white' feel to it. Sepultura changed that forever. And with Roots, the band went a step further, asserting once and for all that the genre can accommodate native stylings from any culture, much like jazz had done for decades prior."[132]

MTV has called Sepultura the most successful Brazilian heavy metal band in history and "perhaps the most important heavy metal band of the '90s."[34] In 1993, Robert Baird of Phoenix New Times wrote that the band played "machine-gun-tempo mayhem" and that the members "love to attack organized religion and repressive government."[29]

A number of bands have cited Sepultura as an influence, including Slipknot,[133] Korn,[134] Hatebreed, Alien Weaponry, Krisiun, Gojira, Between the Buried and Me, Xibalba, Vein, Toxic Holocaust, Code Orange, Puya and Nails.[135]

Band members

  • Sepultura live at Free & Easy Festival 2015
  •  

    Bassist Paulo Jr.

  •  

    Lead guitarist Andreas Kisser

  •  

    Lead vocalist Derrick Green

  •  

    Drummer Eloy Casagrande

Current members

  • Paulo Jr. – bass, backing vocals (1984–present); percussion (1993–1997)
  • Andreas Kisser – lead guitar, backing vocals (1987–present); lead vocals (1996–1998); bass (1987–1992); rhythm guitar (1996–present)
  • Derrick Green – lead vocals (1997–present); percussion (2005–present); additional rhythm guitar (1998–2005)
  • Eloy Casagrande – drums, percussion (2011–present)

Former members

  • Max Cavalera – lead vocals (1985–1996); rhythm guitar (1984, 1985–1996); lead guitar (1984–1985); percussion (1995–1996)
  • Igor Cavalera – drums (1984–2006); percussion (1984, 1993–2006)
  • Cássio – rhythm guitar (1984)
  • Beto Pinga – drums (1984)
  • Wagner Lamounier – lead vocals (1984–1985)
  • Roberto "Gato" Raffan – bass (1984)
  • Roberto UFO – rhythm guitar (1984)
  • Julio Cesar Vieira Franco – rhythm guitar (1985)
  • Jairo Guedz – lead guitar, bass (1985–1987)
  • Jean Dolabella – drums, percussion (2006–2011)

Touring substitutes

  • Silvio Golfetti – lead guitar (1991)
  • Guilherme Martin – drums (2005)
  • Roy Mayorga – drums (2006)
  • Amilcar Christófaro – drums (2011)
  • Kevin Foley – drums (2013)
  • Bruno Valverde – drums (2022)
  • Jean Patton – lead guitar (2022)

Timeline

Discography

Main article: Sepultura discography

Notes

  1. ^ a b Despite being credited as bassist on the band's first four albums, the members of Sepultura have stated in interviews that Paulo Jr. had not played on any albums prior to Chaos A.D..[13][14][15][16]

References

  1. ^ a b Barcinski & Gomes 1999, page 17.
  2. ^ a b c Barcinski & Gomes 1999, page 16.
  3. ^ a b c Dimery 2006 pg 782, "Drawing on Brazilian Latin and tribal music, nu-metal, and Sepultura's own thrash/death style, the results were unique,"
  4. ^ a b Darzin, Daina (May 5, 1994). Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on May 27, 2007. Retrieved July 13, 2008.
  5. ^ a b c d Haagsma, Robert (1993). . Aardschok / Metal Hammer. Archived from the original on December 6, 2008. Retrieved May 3, 2008. Archived at Sepultura.be March 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ Barcinski & Gomes 1999, pages 89 & 90.
  7. ^ "'Thrash Metal' Book Due In September". Blabbermouth.net. June 24, 2007. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
  8. ^ "Thrash Flashback: Kreator's 'Pleasure To Kill'". Geeksofdoom.com. July 16, 2012. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
  9. ^ "Overkill: Ironbound". Popmatters.com. February 11, 2010. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
  10. ^ "Programa Nº8 – Rock en Cadena". Rockencadena.home.blog. June 5, 2019. Retrieved September 3, 2019.
  11. ^ "30 Essential thrash metal bands that aren't the big four". loudersound.com. Retrieved October 22, 2019.
  12. ^ "Flotsam and Jetsam Writing New Album". Ultimate Guitar. June 23, 2022. Retrieved June 23, 2022.
  13. ^ "MAX CAVALERA Says PAULO JR. Didn't Play Bass On Any Early SEPULTURA Recordings". Blabbermouth.net. December 3, 2010. Retrieved February 7, 2021.
  14. ^ "MAX CAVALERA Talks About Getting 'Kicked Out' Of SEPULTURA, Hanging Out With OZZY OSBOURNE". Blabbermouth.net. April 16, 2014. Retrieved February 7, 2021.
  15. ^ "SEPULTURA Bassist: Reunion With MAX CAVALERA Would Have To Happen 'Naturally'". Blabbermouth.net. January 31, 2020. Retrieved February 7, 2021.
  16. ^ "Hall of Fame Countdown: Sepultura's Arise". Decibel. February 18, 2016. Retrieved February 7, 2021.
  17. ^ Colmatti 1997, page 22.
  18. ^ . Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved October 28, 2015.
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Bibliography

  • Anonymous (May 2003). Beneath the Remains. In: A Megaton Hit Parade: The All-Time Thrash Top 20. Terrorizer No. 109, page 35.
  • Barcinski, André & Gomes, Silvio (1999). Sepultura: Toda a História. São Paulo: Ed. 34. ISBN 85-7326-156-0
  • Colmatti, Andréa (1997). Sepultura: Igor Cavalera. Modern Drummer Brasil, 6, 18–26, 28–30.
  • Hinchliffe, James (December 2006). Beneath the Remains. In: Death Metal|The DM Top 40. Terrorizer No. 151, page 54.
  • Lemos, Anamaria (1993). Caos Desencanado. Bizz, 98, 40–45.
  • Schwarz, Paul (2005). Morbid Visions. In: The First Wave. Terrorizer, 128, 42.
  • Sepultura (1996). Roots. [CD]. New York, NY: Roadrunner Records. The 25th Anniversary Series (2-CD Reissue, 2005).
  • Thoroddsen, Arnar (2006). Dimery, Robert (ed.). 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die. Quintet Publishing Limited. ISBN 0-7893-1371-5.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sepultura.
 
Look up sepultura in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

April 12, 2023
sepultura, confused, with, sepulture, portuguese, ˌsepuwˈtuɾɐ, grave, brazilian, heavy, metal, band, from, belo, horizonte, formed, 1984, brothers, igor, cavalera, band, major, force, groove, metal, thrash, metal, death, metal, genres, during, late, 1980s, ear. Not to be confused with Sepulture Sepultura Portuguese ˌsepuwˈtuɾɐ grave 1 is a Brazilian heavy metal band from Belo Horizonte Formed in 1984 by brothers Max and Igor Cavalera 2 the band was a major force in the groove metal thrash metal and death metal 3 genres during the late 1980s and early 1990s 4 with their later experiments drawing influence from alternative metal world music nu metal 3 hardcore punk and industrial metal 5 6 Sepultura has also been credited as one of the second wave of thrash metal acts from the late 1980s to early to mid 1990s 7 8 9 10 11 12 SepulturaSepultura at the Wacken Open Air in 2018Background informationOriginBelo Horizonte Minas Gerais BrazilGenresGroove metal thrash metal death metal alternative metal black metal early Years active1984 presentLabelsCogumelo New Renaissance Roadrunner Epic SPV Nuclear BlastSpinoffsSarcofago Nailbomb Soulfly Cavalera Conspiracy De La TierraMembersPaulo Jr Andreas Kisser Derrick Green Eloy CasagrandePast membersMax Cavalera Igor Cavalera Wagner Lamounier Jairo Guedz Jean DolabellaWebsitesepultura wbr com wbr brThe band has had several lineup changes throughout its 39 year career with Max and Igor Cavalera departing in 1996 and 2006 respectively Sepultura s current lineup consists of vocalist Derrick Green who replaced Max in 1997 guitarist Andreas Kisser bassist Paulo Jr and drummer Eloy Casagrande who replaced Igor s successor Jean Dolabella in 2011 Since Igor Cavalera s departure in 2006 there have been no original members left in the band Although Paulo Jr joined Sepultura shortly after its formation in late 1984 and is the longest serving member he did not play on any of the band s studio albums until Chaos A D 1993 a Kisser who replaced onetime guitarist Jairo Guedz has appeared on all of Sepultura s albums since their second full length Schizophrenia 1987 he also recorded bass guitar until Chaos A D a Sepultura has released fifteen studio albums to date the latest being Quadra 2020 Their most successful records are Beneath the Remains 1989 Arise 1991 Chaos A D 1993 and Roots 1996 17 Sepultura has sold over three million units in the United States and almost 20 million worldwide 18 19 gaining multiple gold and platinum records around the globe including in countries as diverse as France 20 21 Australia 22 Indonesia 23 United States 24 Cyprus 25 and their native Brazil 26 Contents 1 History 1 1 Formation Bestial Devastation and Morbid Visions 1984 1986 1 2 Schizophrenia Beneath the Remains and Arise 1987 1992 1 3 Chaos A D Nailbomb and Roots 1993 1996 1 4 Departure of Max Cavalera Derrick Green joins and Against 1996 2000 1 5 Nation and Roorback 2001 2005 1 6 Dante XXI A Lex and departure of Igor Cavalera 2006 2010 1 7 Kairos and The Mediator Between Head and Hands Must Be the Heart 2010 2015 1 8 Machine Messiah Quadra and upcoming sixteenth studio album 2016 present 2 Musical style influences and legacy 3 Band members 3 1 Current members 3 2 Former members 3 3 Touring substitutes 3 4 Timeline 4 Discography 5 Notes 6 References 7 Bibliography 8 External linksHistory Edit Sepultura s classic logo used on all of the band s albums from Beneath the Remains 1989 to Against 1998 and again since Kairos 2011 Formation Bestial Devastation and Morbid Visions 1984 1986 Edit Singer and guitarist Max Cavalera formed Sepultura along with his brother Igor in 1984 and stayed with the band until 1996 Sepultura was formed in 1984 in Belo Horizonte the capital city of Minas Gerais Brazil 2 The band was founded by brothers Max and Igor Cavalera the impoverished sons of Vania a model and Graciliano a well to do Italian diplomat whose fatal heart attack left his family in financial ruin 27 Graciliano s death deeply affected his sons inspiring them to form a band after Max heard Black Sabbath s 1972 album Black Sabbath Vol 4 the very same day 28 They chose the band name Sepultura the Portuguese word for grave when Max translated the lyrics of the Motorhead song Dancing on Your Grave 1 The brothers early influences included Led Zeppelin Black Sabbath and Deep Purple and metal and hard rock artists of the early 1980s such as Van Halen Iron Maiden Motorhead AC DC Judas Priest Ozzy Osbourne and V8 as well as hardcore punk acts such as Terveet Kadet Rattus and Discharge 2 They would travel to a record shop in Sao Paulo that mixed tapes of the latest records by American bands 29 Their listening habits changed dramatically after being introduced to Venom As Igor Cavalera put it I remember the first time I listened to Venom it was on a friend s borrowed tape It was similar to Motorhead only a lot heavier I remember someone saying it s the devil s Motorhead After we got acquainted with Venom we stopped listening to Iron Maiden and all that lighter stuff 30 The Cavalera brothers started listening to more extreme metal bands at the time such as Hellhammer Celtic Frost Kreator Sodom Slayer Megadeth Exodus and Exciter 31 They also had influences on Brazilian metal from bands like Stress Sagrado Inferno and Dorsal Atlantica By 1984 they had dropped out of school 29 After several early membership changes Sepultura established a stable lineup of Max on guitar Igor on drums lead vocalist Wagner Lamounier and bassist Paulo Jr 32 Lamounier departed in March 1985 after disagreements with the band and moved on to become the leader of the pioneering Brazilian black metal band Sarcofago After his departure Max took over the vocal duties Jairo Guedes was invited to join the band as lead guitarist 33 After about a year of performing Sepultura signed to Cogumelo Records in 1985 Later that year they released Bestial Devastation a shared EP with fellow Brazilian band Overdose It was recorded and self produced in just two days The band recorded their first full length album Morbid Visions in August 1986 It contained their first hit Troops of Doom which gained some media attention The band then decided to relocate to the larger city of Sao Paulo 34 Schizophrenia Beneath the Remains and Arise 1987 1992 Edit Andreas Kisser has been the lead guitarist of Sepultura since 1987 His arrival provided the group with a more technical experience In early 1987 Jairo Guedz quit the band Guedz was replaced by Sao Paulo based guitarist Andreas Kisser 35 and they released their second studio album Schizophrenia later that year The album reflected a stylistic change towards a more thrash metal oriented sound while still keeping the death metal elements of Morbid Visions Schizophrenia was an improvement in production and performance and became a minor critical sensation across Europe and America as a much sought after import The band sent tapes to the United States that made radio playlists at a time when they were struggling to book gigs because club owners were afraid to book them due to their style 29 The band gained attention from Roadrunner Records who signed them and released Schizophrenia internationally before seeing the band perform in person 34 36 During a May 2018 interview with teenyrockers com Kisser noted that Sepultura would not have been possible without family support not only from his own family but also from the families of Max and Igor and Paulo Jr 37 The band s third studio album Beneath the Remains was released in 1989 The album was recorded in a rustic studio in Rio de Janeiro while the band communicated through translators with the American producer Scott Burns 29 It was an immediate success and became known in thrash metal circles as a classic on the order of Slayer s Reign in Blood 36 It was hailed by Terrorizer magazine as one of the all time top 20 thrash metal albums 38 as well as gaining a place in their all time top 40 death metal records 39 AllMusic gave the album 4 5 stars out of 5 and said The complete absence of filler here makes this one of the most essential death thrash metal albums of all time 40 A long European and American tour furthered the band s reputation despite the fact that they were still very limited English speakers Sepultura s first live dates outside of Brazil were opening for Sodom on their Agent Orange tour in Europe following this was Sepultura s first U S show which was held on October 31 1989 at the Ritz in New York City opening for Danish heavy metal band King Diamond 41 The band filmed its first video for the song Inner Self which received considerable airplay on MTV s Headbangers Ball giving Sepultura their first exposure in North America 42 Touring in support of Beneath the Remains continued throughout much of 1990 including three shows in Brazil with Napalm Death European dates with Mordred and a US tour with Obituary and Sadus 41 Traveling on trains Getting beat up by cops Sleeping behind the stage It s part of growing up It s part of the nature of this stuff If you don t have that kind of background you can t be a band like us Max Cavalera reflecting on Sepultura s past in Brazil 29 In January 1991 Sepultura played for more than 100 000 people at the Rock in Rio II festival The band relocated from their native Brazil to Phoenix Arizona in 1990 obtained new management and recorded the album Arise at Morrisound Studios in Tampa Florida 29 By the time the album was released in March 1991 the band had become one of the most critically praised thrash death metal bands of the time The first single Dead Embryonic Cells was a success and the title track gained additional attention when its video was banned by MTV America due to its apocalyptic religious imagery it did however get some airplay on Headbangers Ball as did the music videos for Dead Embryonic Cells and Desperate Cry 42 Arise was critically acclaimed and their first to chart on the Billboard 200 reaching No 119 43 Sepultura toured relentlessly throughout 1991 and 1992 in support of Arise its touring cycle began in May 1991 with a European trek with Sacred Reich and Heathen followed by the New Titans on the Block tour in the US that included support from Sacred Reich Napalm Death and Sick of It All 41 They also played with several other bands including Slayer Testament Motorhead Kreator White Zombie Type O Negative and Fudge Tunnel and along with Alice in Chains Sepultura supported Ozzy Osbourne on his No More Tears tour 41 Max Cavalera married the band s manager Gloria Bujnowski during this period 34 The Arise tour concluded in December 1992 with a US tour where the band along with Helmet supported Ministry s Psalm 69 tour 41 Chaos A D Nailbomb and Roots 1993 1996 Edit Max Cavalera Igor Cavalera Sepultura s fifth album Chaos A D was released in 1993 Supported by the singles Refuse Resist Territory and Slave New World this was their only album to be released in North America by Epic Records and the first of two albums by Sepultura to be certified gold there 44 It saw a departure from their death metal style 45 adding influences of groove metal 46 industrial and hardcore punk 5 While Chaos A D is not a death metal album it does include elements of thrash metal music 47 AllMusic gave the album 4 5 stars out of 5 and wrote that Chaos A D ranks as one of the greatest heavy metal albums of all time 48 The band did a year long tour in support of Chaos A D starting with a headlining European run with Paradise Lost followed by a US tour with Fudge Tunnel Fear Factory and Clutch 41 They were also one of the support acts along with Biohazard and Prong for Pantera s Far Beyond Driven tour in North America and then opened for the Ramones in South America and toured Australia and New Zealand with Sacred Reich By the time the Chaos A D tour ended in November 1994 41 Sepultura was one of the most successful heavy metal bands of the day 49 50 51 Also in 1994 Max and Igor collaborated with Alex Newport of Fudge Tunnel to form Nailbomb They released an even more industrial oriented album Point Blank the same year The group performed only one full live gig at Dynamo Open Air in 1995 and the performance was released as Proud to Commit Commercial Suicide Nailbomb was disbanded shortly afterwards Sepultura s sound change continued with their sixth album Roots which was released in 1996 On this album the band experimented with elements of the music of Brazil s indigenous peoples and adopted a slower down tuned sound The album was hailed as a modern day heavy metal classic and a major influence on the then nascent nu metal scene AllMusic gave it 4 5 stars out of 5 and said Roots consolidates Sepultura s position as perhaps the most distinctive original heavy metal band of the 1990s 52 In 1996 Sepultura performed War Guerra for the AIDS benefit album Silencio Muerte Red Hot Latin produced by the Red Hot Organization Departure of Max Cavalera Derrick Green joins and Against 1996 2000 Edit In August 1996 Sepultura played on the Castle Donington Monsters of Rock main stage alongside Ozzy Osbourne Paradise Lost Type O Negative Biohazard and Fear Factory The band was suddenly a three piece with Andreas Kisser taking over on lead vocals after Max Cavalera left the concert site earlier in the day upon learning of the death of his stepson Dana Wells in a car accident After Dana Wells funeral was finished Max returned and continued to tour with Sepultura A few months after Wells death the band had a meeting with Max and said that they wanted to fire their manager Gloria Bujnowski who was Max s wife and Dana s mother and find new management Their reasoning was that Bujnowski was giving preferential treatment to Max while neglecting the rest of the band Max who was still coming to terms with the death of Wells felt betrayed by his bandmates for wanting to get rid of Bujnowski and abruptly quit the band 34 Max Cavalera s final performance with Sepultura was at Brixton Academy in England on December 16 1996 53 I started Sepultura back in the day I used to write that name on my schoolbooks What I m going through now is like watching my own son die I cry every day I feel hurt sad angry it s like half of me has died Max Cavalera explaining his feelings on leaving Sepultura 54 Derrick Green has been the singer of Sepultura since 1997 when he replaced Max Cavalera who had left the band the year before Following Max Cavalera s departure the remaining members of Sepultura announced plans to find a new vocalist Among those who auditioned were Chuck Billy of Testament Phil Demmel of Machine Head and Vio lence Marc Grewe of Morgoth Jorge Rosado of Merauder and a then unknown Jason Gong Jones 55 56 American musician Derrick Green from Cleveland Ohio was selected as the band s new front man The first album with the new line up was Against which was released in 1998 The album was critically and commercially less successful than previous albums and sold considerably fewer copies than the debut album by Max Cavalera s new band Soulfly 34 57 In a retrospective review AllMusic gave the album 3 stars out of 5 stating that there are enough flashes of the old Sepultura brilliance to suggest that great things are still to come Nation and Roorback 2001 2005 Edit The band s eighth album Nation released in 2001 sold poorly It would be their last studio album with Roadrunner Records AllMusic gives the album 3 stars out of 5 and said As Green scrapes the lining of his vocal chords through the brash impassioned tracks he s singing about more than just one nation Sepulnation he s suggesting something bigger something worth shouting about and fighting for In an interview Derrick Green said that Every song will be related to the idea of building this nation We will have our own flags our own anthem 58 A recording of Max Cavalera s last live show with Sepultura titled Under a Pale Grey Sky was released in 2002 by Roadrunner Records After recording Revolusongs an EP of covers in 2002 the band released their ninth studio album Roorback in 2003 Despite receiving greater critical acclaim than its predecessors sales remained low It was their first album with SPV Records AllMusic gave the album 4 stars out of 5 and said if there are still any lingering doubts about the Green Sepultura match 2003 s excellent Roorback should put them to rest for good Green is passionate and focused throughout the album he has no problem going that extra mile and the writing is consistently strong 59 In 2005 the band played in Dubai for the annual Dubai Desert Rock Festival In November of that year a live double DVD double CD package Live in Sao Paulo was released This was the first official live album from the band Dante XXI A Lex and departure of Igor Cavalera 2006 2010 Edit Sepultura performing in Poland 2007 Sepultura s tenth album Dante XXI was released on March 14 2006 It is a concept album based on Dante Alighieri s The Divine Comedy Music videos were recorded for the songs Convicted in Life and Ostia AllMusic gave the album 3 5 stars out of 5 and said that Overall Dante XXI is easily one of Sepultura s strongest releases to feature Green on vocals 60 In a 2007 interview with Revolver magazine Max Cavalera stated that he and Igor both of whom having recently reconciled after a decade long feud would reunite with the original Sepultura lineup There were also rumors that the reunited line up would play on the main stage at Ozzfest 2007 However this was denied by Kisser and the reunion did not occur 61 Instead Igor Cavalera left the band after the release of Dante XXI and was replaced by Brazilian drummer Jean Dolabella leaving the band without any of its original members After leaving Sepultura Igor and Max formed Cavalera Conspiracy The band was one of the featured musical guests at the Latin Grammy Awards of 2008 on November 13 They performed a cover of The Girl from Ipanema and We ve Lost You from the album A Lex 62 The 9th annual Latin Grammy Awards ceremony was held at the Toyota Center in Houston Texas and aired on Univision 63 Sepultura also appeared in a successful ad campaign for Volkswagen motors commercial that aired nationally throughout Brazil in 2008 The spot said that it s the first time you ve seen Sepultura like this And a Sedan like this one too 64 The Volkswagen TV spot shows Sepultura playing bossa nova the opposite of its heavy metal style to say that you never saw something like this as you never saw a car like the new Voyage Sepultura released the album A Lex on January 26 2009 This was the first Sepultura album to include neither of the Cavalera brothers with bassist Paulo Jr as the sole remaining member from the band s debut album A Lex is a concept album based on the book A Clockwork Orange The album was recorded at Trama Studios in Sao Paulo Brazil with producer Stanley Soares AllMusic gave the album 4 stars out of 5 and said Personnel changes can have a very negative effect on a band but Sepultura have maintained their vitality all these years and that vitality is alive and well on the superb A Lex 65 In the same year Andreas Kisser contributed his recipe for Churrasco in Soy Sauce to Hellbent for Cooking The Heavy Metal Cookbook stating in the recipe that he prefers his meat medium rare 66 Sepultura supported Metallica on January 30 and 31 2010 at Morumbi Stadium in Sao Paulo Brazil The two concerts were attended by 100 000 people 67 The band filmed a concert DVD in 2010 68 Sepultura played at Kucukciftlik Park Istanbul on April 27 2010 On August 8 2010 visited the UK to play at the Hevy Music Festival near Folkestone Kairos and The Mediator Between Head and Hands Must Be the Heart 2010 2015 Edit Drummer Eloy Casagrande in 2014 Casagrande has been the drummer of Sepultura since 2011 On July 6 2010 it was announced that Sepultura were signed with Nuclear Blast Records and would release their first album for the label in 2011 69 The band confirmed that there would be no reunion of the classic lineup 70 By the end of 2010 the band began writing new material and entered the studio to begin recording their 12th album with producer Roy Z Judas Priest Halford Iron Maiden s Bruce Dickinson Helloween and Andre Matos 71 72 73 On March 1 2011 Sepultura had completed recording their new album entitled Kairos which was released in June 2011 74 The album includes cover versions of Ministry s Just One Fix and The Prodigy s Firestarter both of which are available as bonus tracks on various special edition releases 75 Sepultura played on the Kairos World Tour and at Wacken Open Air 2011 Drummer Jean Dolabella left the band and was replaced by 20 year old Eloy Casagrande in November 2011 who had already played in Brazilian heavy metal singer Andre Matos solo band and in the Brazilian post hardcore band Gloria In November and December 2011 Sepultura participated the Thrashfest Classics 2011 tour alongside thrash metal bands like Exodus Destruction Heathen and Mortal Sin In May 2012 guitarist Andreas Kisser told Metal Underground that Sepultura would soon start working on something new with Eloy and see if they could get ready for new music early next year 76 In an interview at England s Bloodstock Open Air on August 10 2012 Kisser revealed that Sepultura would be filming a live DVD with the French percussive group Les Tambours du Bronx He also revealed that the band was already thinking about new ideas for their next album and would have something new going on in 2013 77 On December 10 2012 producer Ross Robinson who produced Sepultura s Roots album tweeted Oh didn t mention Spoke to Andreas it s on My vision smoke Roots suggesting he would be producing the band s next album This was later confirmed as well as an announcement that the album would be co produced by Steve Evetts 78 Former Slayer drummer Dave Lombardo made a guest appearance on the album 79 On January 25 2013 it was announced that author Jason Korolenko was working on Relentless 30 Years of Sepultura which is described in a press release as the only book length biography to cover the band s entire 30 year career Relentless was published on October 8 2014 in Poland under the title Brazylijska Furia and the English language edition was published via Rocket 88 on December 4 2014 80 The Brazilian edition titled Relentless 30 Anos de Sepultura is scheduled for publication via Benvira in early 2015 81 The French language edition of Relentless was published in France on October 19 2015 82 On July 19 2013 it was revealed that the title of the band s thirteenth album was The Mediator Between Head and Hands Must Be the Heart In September 2013 they performed at Rock in Rio with Brazilian rock MPB artist Ze Ramalho this line up was named Zepultura a portmanteau of both artists names 83 84 85 86 Machine Messiah Quadra and upcoming sixteenth studio album 2016 present Edit After spending more than two years of touring in support of The Mediator Between Head and Hands Must Be the Heart 87 Sepultura entered the studio in mid 2016 to begin recording their fourteenth studio album with Jens Bogren as the producer 88 The resulting album Machine Messiah was released on January 13 2017 89 Sepultura promoted the album with a series of world tours including supporting Kreator on their Gods of Violence tour in Europe in February March 2017 90 and along with Prong they supported Testament on the latter s Brotherhood of the Snake tour in the United States in April May 2017 91 The band also toured Europe in February and March 2018 with Obscura Goatwhore and Fit for an Autopsy 92 and Australia in May with Death Angel 93 The first official Sepultura documentary Sepultura Endurance was premiered in May 2017 and released on June 17 94 Max and Igor declined to be interviewed for the film and also refused to allow early material of the band to be used 95 In an August 2018 interview at Wacken Open Air Kisser confirmed that Sepultura had begun the songwriting process of their fifteenth studio album 96 and stated later that month that it was not expected to be released before 2020 97 The band began recording the album again with producer Bogren in August 2019 for a tentative February 2020 release 98 In October 2019 during their performance at Rock in Rio 8 the band announced the name and revealed the cover for their fifteenth studio album which would be named Quadra They also played the lead single named Isolation which is also the opening track for the album 99 100 On November 8 they released the studio version of Isolation and announced that Quadra would be released on February 7 2020 101 Due to the COVID 19 pandemic Sepultura had not been able to tour or play any shows in support of Quadra for over two years after its release They played their first show in two years at Circo Voador in Rio de Janeiro on February 12 2022 102 The band promoted Quadra by touring the United States with Sacred Reich Crowbar and Art of Shock and Europe with the two thirds of US leg only Sacred Reich and Crowbar remaining due to the COVID 19 situation the tours had been rescheduled to two years from March and April 2020 and a year from the fall of 2021 respectively 103 104 105 106 Drummer Bruno Valverde of Angra was brought to fill in for Eloy Casagrande on the last three dates of the US tour as the latter could not perform due to a leg injury 107 Due to a family emergency Kisser was temporarily filled in by Jean Patton of Project46 on the summer 2022 European tour 108 the reason behind this family emergency situation turned out to be Kisser s wife Patricia s battle with colon cancer which she died from on July 3 109 The band will co headline the Klash of the Titans tour in North America with Kreator during the spring of 2023 110 Sepultura released a quarantine collaboration album on August 13 2021 titled SepulQuarta which includes contributions by members of Megadeth Testament Anthrax System of a Down Trivium and Sacred Reich 111 112 In a July 2022 interview frontman Derrick Green confirmed that Sepultura would begin working on their next studio album after the tour for Quadra ends in 2024 at the earliest 113 Musical style influences and legacy EditSepultura has been influenced by a variety of music including heavy metal and hard rock groups such as Queen Kiss Black Sabbath Judas Priest Motorhead Iron Maiden Scorpions Venom Celtic Frost Twisted Sister and Whitesnake thrash metal bands Metallica Slayer Megadeth Exodus Testament Anthrax Kreator Sodom and Destruction and death metal bands Possessed and Death They were also influenced by punk rock music including bands such as the Ramones the Sex Pistols Terveet Kadet Rattus Black Flag Dead Kennedys Kaaos Discharge S O D Amebix and New Model Army 34 114 115 116 117 118 119 Andreas Kisser has affirmed that without Slayer Sepultura would never be possible 120 Sepultura s music comes in a wide range of heavy metal musical styles The band has been described mainly as thrash metal and death metal 4 121 122 123 124 and considered one of the primary inventors of the latter genre 125 Another genre the band has been commonly categorized under is groove metal 126 127 The band later on started experimenting with elements of other musical genres such as hardcore punk industrial metal 5 alternative metal 128 world music 5 126 127 and nu metal 3 Elements of Latin music samba and Brazilian folk and tribal music have also been incorporated into Sepultura s metal style particularly on Roots Roots was partly recorded with the indigenous Xavante tribe in Mato Grosso and incorporates percussion rhythms chanting and lyrical themes inspired by the collaboration 129 130 131 Looking back on the band s career arc for a 2016 article on Max and Igor Cavalera s retrospective Return to Roots tour in commemoration of the album s 20th anniversary Nashville Scene contributor Saby Reyes Kulkarni observed that Before Chaos A D the overwhelming majority of metal had a white feel to it Sepultura changed that forever And with Roots the band went a step further asserting once and for all that the genre can accommodate native stylings from any culture much like jazz had done for decades prior 132 MTV has called Sepultura the most successful Brazilian heavy metal band in history and perhaps the most important heavy metal band of the 90s 34 In 1993 Robert Baird of Phoenix New Times wrote that the band played machine gun tempo mayhem and that the members love to attack organized religion and repressive government 29 A number of bands have cited Sepultura as an influence including Slipknot 133 Korn 134 Hatebreed Alien Weaponry Krisiun Gojira Between the Buried and Me Xibalba Vein Toxic Holocaust Code Orange Puya and Nails 135 Band members EditSepultura live at Free amp Easy Festival 2015 Bassist Paulo Jr Lead guitarist Andreas Kisser Lead vocalist Derrick Green Drummer Eloy CasagrandeCurrent members Edit Paulo Jr bass backing vocals 1984 present percussion 1993 1997 Andreas Kisser lead guitar backing vocals 1987 present lead vocals 1996 1998 bass 1987 1992 rhythm guitar 1996 present Derrick Green lead vocals 1997 present percussion 2005 present additional rhythm guitar 1998 2005 Eloy Casagrande drums percussion 2011 present Former members Edit Max Cavalera lead vocals 1985 1996 rhythm guitar 1984 1985 1996 lead guitar 1984 1985 percussion 1995 1996 Igor Cavalera drums 1984 2006 percussion 1984 1993 2006 Cassio rhythm guitar 1984 Beto Pinga drums 1984 Wagner Lamounier lead vocals 1984 1985 Roberto Gato Raffan bass 1984 Roberto UFO rhythm guitar 1984 Julio Cesar Vieira Franco rhythm guitar 1985 Jairo Guedz lead guitar bass 1985 1987 Jean Dolabella drums percussion 2006 2011 Touring substitutes Edit Silvio Golfetti lead guitar 1991 Guilherme Martin drums 2005 Roy Mayorga drums 2006 Amilcar Christofaro drums 2011 Kevin Foley drums 2013 Bruno Valverde drums 2022 Jean Patton lead guitar 2022 Timeline EditDiscography EditMain article Sepultura discography Morbid Visions 1986 Schizophrenia 1987 Beneath the Remains 1989 Arise 1991 Chaos A D 1993 Roots 1996 Against 1998 Nation 2001 Roorback 2003 Dante XXI 2006 A Lex 2009 Kairos 2011 The Mediator Between Head and Hands Must Be the Heart 2013 Machine Messiah 2017 Quadra 2020 Notes Edit a b Despite being credited as bassist on the band s first four albums the members of Sepultura have stated in interviews that Paulo Jr had not played on any albums prior to Chaos A D 13 14 15 16 References Edit a b Barcinski amp Gomes 1999 page 17 a b c Barcinski amp Gomes 1999 page 16 a b c Dimery 2006 pg 782 Drawing on Brazilian Latin and tribal music nu metal and Sepultura s own thrash death style the results were unique a b Darzin Daina May 5 1994 Sepultura Chaos A D Rolling Stone Archived from the original on May 27 2007 Retrieved July 13 2008 a b c d Haagsma Robert 1993 Sepultura Aardschok Metal Hammer Archived from the original on December 6 2008 Retrieved May 3 2008 Archived at Sepultura be Archived March 3 2016 at the Wayback Machine Barcinski amp Gomes 1999 pages 89 amp 90 Thrash Metal Book Due In September Blabbermouth net June 24 2007 Retrieved October 17 2018 Thrash Flashback Kreator s Pleasure To Kill Geeksofdoom com July 16 2012 Retrieved October 17 2018 Overkill Ironbound Popmatters com February 11 2010 Retrieved October 17 2018 Programa Nº8 Rock en Cadena Rockencadena home blog June 5 2019 Retrieved September 3 2019 30 Essential thrash metal bands that aren t the big four loudersound com Retrieved October 22 2019 Flotsam and Jetsam Writing New Album Ultimate Guitar June 23 2022 Retrieved June 23 2022 MAX CAVALERA Says PAULO JR Didn t Play Bass On Any Early SEPULTURA Recordings Blabbermouth net December 3 2010 Retrieved February 7 2021 MAX CAVALERA Talks About Getting Kicked Out Of SEPULTURA Hanging Out With OZZY OSBOURNE Blabbermouth net April 16 2014 Retrieved February 7 2021 SEPULTURA Bassist Reunion With MAX CAVALERA Would Have To Happen Naturally Blabbermouth net January 31 2020 Retrieved February 7 2021 Hall of Fame Countdown Sepultura s Arise Decibel February 18 2016 Retrieved February 7 2021 Colmatti 1997 page 22 Brazil Metal Act Sepultura Has Stood the Test of Time Jakarta Globe Archived from the original on March 3 2016 Retrieved October 28 2015 Legendary Heavy Metal Band Sepultura To Appear At NAMM 2011 AKG Booth For Autograph Signing Sessions September 30 2011 Archived from the original on September 30 2011 Les certifications Albums Annee 1994 Musique sur Disque en France SNEP Archived from the original on December 14 2007 Retrieved July 8 2008 Les certifications Albums Annee 1997 Musique sur Disque en France SNEP Archived from the original on December 17 2007 Retrieved July 8 2008 Aria Charts Accreditations 1997 Albums Australian Recording Industry Association Retrieved July 8 2008 Barcinski amp Gomes 1999 pages 109 amp 143 Gold and Platinum Searchable Database RIAA Retrieved July 8 2008 Sepultura Dante XXI Certified Gold in Cyprus Brave Words amp Bloody Knuckles March 21 2007 Archived from the original on July 8 2011 Retrieved January 23 2009 Barcinski amp Gomes 1999 page 143 Barcinski amp Gomes 1999 page 14 Chirazi Steffan 2005 The Roots of Sepultura Roots CD booklet Sepultura New York New York Roadrunner Records p 13 a b c d e f g Baird Robert May 12 1993 The Boys from Brazil Transplanted to Phoenix Sepultura Strives for Death Metal with a Conscience Phoenix New Times Retrieved August 3 2010 Barcinski amp Gomes 1999 page 19 Barcinski amp Gomes 1999 page 26 Barcinski amp Gomes 1999 page 21 Barcinski amp Gomes 1999 page 28 a b c d e f g Rivadavia Eduardo Sepultura Artist Biography AllMusic Retrieved October 4 2013 Barcinski amp Gomes 1999 page 49 a b Colon Suzan August 1 1991 Name That Tomb Miami New Times Retrieved August 2 2010 May 2018 Interview With Derrick Green and Andreas Kisser Teenyrockers com Terrorizer No 109 2003 page 35 author unknown Hinchliffe 2006 page 54 Rivadavia Eduardo Beneath the Remains Sepultura AllMusic Archived from the original on October 16 2015 Retrieved July 20 2011 a b c d e f g Sepultura Tour Dates metallipromo com Retrieved July 10 2021 a b Headbangers Ball The Unofficial Tribute Site Episode Database headbangersballunofficialtributesite com Retrieved July 10 2021 Top Music Charts Hot 100 Billboard 200 Music Genre Sales Billboard Music Charts Retrieved October 30 2008 dead link Gold amp Platinum RIAA riaa com Retrieved July 10 2021 Barcinski amp Gomes 1999 page 131 Christe 2003 Sound of the Beast p 264 As close to death metal as any other gold selling record before it Chaos A D stripped down Sepultura s sound into a coarse metallic loop The CD sold half a million copies and alongside Pantera the band forged a streetwise death derived groove metal that inspired an upcoming generation of mavens in the 1990s They Did It All for the Nookie Decibel Explores the Rise and Fall of Nu Metal Decibel August 13 2005 Retrieved December 25 2016 Huey Steve Chaos A D Sepultura AllMusic Retrieved July 20 2011 25 Years Ago Sepultura Release Groundbreaking Chaos A D Consequence net October 19 2018 Retrieved July 10 2021 1993 The year Roadrunner Records became an unstoppable force loudersound com July 20 2017 Retrieved July 10 2021 25 Years Ago Sepultura Release Groundbreaking Chaos A D Yahoo News Retrieved July 10 2021 Huey Steve Roots Sepultura AllMusic Retrieved July 20 2011 Rock Sound Issue 15576 pg 56 Sepultura what really happened in London Pratt Greg August 2011 Sepultura Troops of Doom Exclaim Retrieved October 4 2013 ANDREAS KISSER Says CHUCK BILLY s SEPULTURA Audition Tape Was Interesting Blabbermouth net December 15 2013 Retrieved March 2 2016 ANDREAS KISSER Recalls CHUCK BILLY s SEPULTURA Audition He Did A Great Job Audio Blabbermouth net August 3 2015 Retrieved March 2 2016 Metal Hard Rock Album Sales In The US As Reported By SoundScan Archived from the original on June 6 2011 Smith Kerry L March 20 2001 Nation gt Overview AllMusic Retrieved August 10 2009 Henderson Alex August 26 2003 Roorback gt Overview AllMusic Retrieved August 10 2009 Prato Greg March 14 2006 Dante XXI Sepultura AllMusic Retrieved July 20 2011 There will be no Sepultura reunion i2007 Blabbermouth net November 15 2006 Archived from the original on May 14 2008 Retrieved July 13 2007 Sepultura Performs at Latin Grammy Awards Video Available Blabbermouth net Roadrunner Records November 14 2008 Archived from the original on October 16 2009 Retrieved December 2 2008 Sepultura to Perform New Song at Latin Grammy Awards in Houston Blabbermouth net Roadrunner Records November 10 2008 Archived from the original on September 8 2012 Retrieved December 2 2008 Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine Sepultura em comercial da Volkswagen novo Voyage YouTube Retrieved December 11 2010 Henderson Alex January 27 2009 A Lex gt Review AllMusic Retrieved August 10 2009 Giroux Annick 2009 Hellbent for Cooking The Heavy Metal Cookbook New York Bazillion Points Books ISBN 978 0 9796163 7 2 MetallicaHQ com MetallicaHQ com January 12 2010 Archived from the original on March 24 2012 Retrieved July 20 2011 SEPULTURA s A Lex To Be Re Released With Two New Tracks Archived from the original on June 6 2011 SEPULTURA Signs With NUCLEAR BLAST RECORDS Archived from the original on May 30 2012 Sepultura Definitely Not Reuniting With Cavalera Brothers Video SEPULTURA Writing New Material On The Road Archived from the original on August 8 2010 Prakash KL August 3 2010 Sepultura s new album is in pipeline oneindia entertainment Entertainment oneindia in Archived from the original on June 4 2012 Retrieved July 20 2011 SEPULTURA Taps Producer ROY Z For New Album Archived from the original on November 30 2010 Exclusive New SEPULTURA Album Title Revealed Archived from the original on March 5 2011 SEPULTURA Completes Recording New Album Lays Down MINISTRY THE PRODIGY Covers Archived from the original on March 4 2011 Brazilian Guitarist Andreas Kisser The Spirit Of Sepultura Is Still Very Much Alive SEPULTURA To Film Concert DVD With French Percussive Group LES TAMBOURS DU BRONX Blabbermouth net August 14 2012 Egging Kiel April 9 2013 Sepultura Reunite With Roots Producer Ross Robinson For New LP Music Feeds Retrieved October 4 2013 Pasbani Robert June 14 2013 Dave Lombardo To Guest On The Upcoming Sepultura Record Metal Injection Retrieved October 4 2013 SEPULTURA Relentless Thirty Years Of Sepultura Biography Due In December Blabbermouth net October 13 2014 Guitartalks com br Guitartalks com br CAMION BLANC L editeur qui vehicule le rock Camionblanc com Dias Tiago September 22 2013 Ze Ramalho ganha prestigio no dia do metal e toca com Zepultura no Sunset 28 UOL Musica in Portuguese Rio de Janeiro Grupo Folha Retrieved November 30 2014 Albuquerque Carlos September 22 2013 Critica Sepultura com Ze Ramalho da certo e gera um fruto cantado pelo publico Zepultura O Globo in Portuguese Rio de Janeiro Grupo Globo Retrieved November 30 2014 Canonico Marco Aurelio September 22 2013 Rock in Rio 2013 Zepultura domina o Palco Sunset Veja in Portuguese Rio de Janeiro Grupo Abril Retrieved November 30 2014 de Castro Yuri September 22 2013 Em grande encontro Sepultura e Ze Ramalho viram Zepultura Folha de S Paulo in Portuguese Rio de Janeiro Grupo Folha Retrieved November 30 2014 Sepultura s Andreas Kisser Celebrating 30 Years Of Band s History Is A Very Special Moment Blabbermouth net June 23 2015 Retrieved June 23 2015 SEPULTURA Taps Producer JENS BOGREN For Next Album Blabbermouth net April 5 2016 Retrieved February 9 2022 Sepultura To Release Machine Messiah Album In January Blabbermouth net October 28 2016 Retrieved October 28 2016 Kreator To Tour Europe With Sepultura Soilwork Aborted Blabbermouth net May 11 2016 Retrieved May 11 2016 Testament To Tour North America With Sepultura Prong Blabbermouth net Presale Available Blabbermouth net December 5 2016 Retrieved December 5 2016 Sepultura To Tour Europe With Obscura Goatwhore Fit For An Autopsy Blabbermouth net October 19 2017 Retrieved October 19 2017 Sepultura Announces Australian Tour Dates metalunderground com November 20 2017 Retrieved August 23 2018 SEPULTURA Announces World Premiere Of Official Documentary Sepultura Endurance Blabbermouth net May 5 2017 MAX And IGOR CAVALERA Refused To Allow Early SEPULTURA Music To Be Used In Official Documentary Blabbermouth net May 25 2017 SEPULTURA Has Already Demoed A Few Songs For Follow Up To Machine Messiah Album Blabbermouth net August 6 2018 Retrieved August 7 2018 SEPULTURA No New Studio Album Before 2020 Blabbermouth net August 29 2018 Retrieved August 29 2018 SEPULTURA To Record New Album In August February 2020 Release Planned Blabbermouth net May 6 2019 Retrieved May 6 2019 SEPULTURA Unveils Quadra Album Artwork Performs New Song Isolation For First Time Video Blabbermouth net October 5 2019 Retrieved October 24 2019 SEPULTURA Explains Quadra Album Concept Blabbermouth net October 7 2019 Retrieved October 24 2019 Video Premiere SEPULTURA s Isolation Blabbermouth net November 8 2019 Retrieved November 10 2019 DERRICK GREEN Plays First SEPULTURA Concert In Two Years With Broken Foot Video Blabbermouth net December 14 2020 Retrieved December 15 2020 SEPULTURA Announces North American Quadra 2022 Tour With SACRED REICH And CROWBAR Blabbermouth net July 29 2021 Retrieved August 3 2021 SEPULTURA Announces Fall 2021 European Tour With SACRED REICH And CROWBAR Blabbermouth net December 14 2020 Retrieved December 15 2020 SEPULTURA Announces North American Tour With SACRED REICH CROWBAR BLABBERMOUTH NET Presale Available Blabbermouth net December 17 2019 Retrieved January 14 2020 SEPULTURA Postpones European Tour Due To Uncertainty With Ever Changing COVID 19 Restrictions Blabbermouth net February 13 2022 Retrieved February 15 2022 SEPULTURA Recruits ANGRA Drummer BRUNO VALVERDE For Last Three Shows Of U S Tour Blabbermouth net April 5 2022 Retrieved April 5 2022 SEPULTURA s ANDREAS KISSER Leaves European Tour Due To Family Emergency Temporary Replacement Announced Blabbermouth net April 5 2022 Retrieved June 29 2022 SEPULTURA Guitarist ANDREAS KISSER Is Mourning Death Of His Wife Blabbermouth net July 4 2022 Retrieved July 4 2022 KREATOR And SEPULTURA Announce Spring 2023 North American Tour With DEATH ANGEL Blabbermouth net January 16 2023 Retrieved January 16 2023 SEPULTURA To Release SepulQuarta Album Of Quarantine Collaborations Blabbermouth net December 21 2020 Retrieved December 21 2020 SEPULTURA Announces Details Of SepulQuarta Album Of Quarantine Collaborations Blabbermouth net June 4 2021 Retrieved June 4 2021 DERRICK GREEN Says SEPULTURA Won t Start Thinking About New Studio Album Until 2023 At The Earliest Blabbermouth net July 5 2022 Retrieved July 5 2022 Sepultura Similar Artists AllMusic Retrieved August 3 2018 Testament Similar Artists AllMusic Retrieved August 3 2018 Five Noteworthy Facts You May Not Know about Sepultura exclaim ca August 9 2011 Retrieved August 3 2018 Sepultura s Andreas Kisser We Don t Try To Create Clones Or Try To Follow Formulas Blabbermouth net November 7 2015 Retrieved August 3 2018 ANDREAS KISSER How TESTAMENT Influenced SEPULTURA Blabbermouth net February 1 2022 Retrieved February 2 2022 Sepultura s Andreas Kisser 10 Albums That Changed My Life loudersound com May 29 2022 Retrieved May 31 2022 Andreas Kisser Without Slayer Sepultura Would Never Be Possible Blabbermouth net May 29 2013 Retrieved October 4 2013 Sepultura About com Entertainment Retrieved May 20 2015 Avelar Idelber 2011 Otherwise National Locality and Power in the Art of Sepultura In Wallach Jeremy Berger Harris M Greene Paul D eds Metal Rules the Globe Heavy Metal Music Around the World Duke University Press p 139 ISBN 978 0 8223 4733 0 Rivadavia Eduardo Schizophrenia Sepultura AllMusic Retrieved May 11 2005 Sepultura Kairos REVIEW Chris Ward June 12 2011 Archived from the original on December 3 2011 Retrieved August 23 2011 Sepultura Death Metal Death Metal Underground Black Metal Death Metal Grindcore Speed Power Metal Thrash and Doom Metal reviews discographies mp3 samples tracklists and images www deathmetal org Retrieved May 5 2021 a b Ankla PopMatters April 11 2007 Retrieved May 20 2015 a b Best Sepultura Albums by Dan Marsicano Retrieved on 11 20 2014 Archived March 4 2016 at the Wayback Machine Alternative Metal AllMusic Greetings From the Third World Revisiting Sepultura s Genre Changing Roots PopMatters March 30 2016 Retrieved January 26 2021 Epstein Dan September 9 2016 Max and Iggor Cavalera Talk Revisiting Sepultura s Roots for Tour Rolling Stone Retrieved January 26 2021 Ha 20 anos visita a indios e choque cultural criavam classico do Sepultura musica uol com br in Brazilian Portuguese Retrieved January 26 2021 Roots Run Deep Twenty Years Later Sepultura Founders Max and Iggor Cavalera Perform Their Former Band s Pinnacle Album in Full Nashville Scene Retrieved January 8 2018 SEPULTURA Is Still Working On Securing Worldwide Release For Official Documentary Blabbermouth August 11 2018 Retrieved September 2 2019 PASBANI ROBERT Jonathan Davis SEPULTURA s Roots Was Blatant KORN Ripoff Metal Injection Retrieved September 2 2019 Krovatin Chris 11 BANDS WHO WOULDN T BE HERE WITHOUT SEPULTURA Kerrang Retrieved September 2 2019 Bibliography EditAnonymous May 2003 Beneath the Remains In A Megaton Hit Parade The All Time Thrash Top 20 Terrorizer No 109 page 35 Barcinski Andre amp Gomes Silvio 1999 Sepultura Toda a Historia Sao Paulo Ed 34 ISBN 85 7326 156 0 Colmatti Andrea 1997 Sepultura Igor Cavalera Modern Drummer Brasil 6 18 26 28 30 Hinchliffe James December 2006 Beneath the Remains In Death Metal The DM Top 40 Terrorizer No 151 page 54 Lemos Anamaria 1993 Caos Desencanado Bizz 98 40 45 Schwarz Paul 2005 Morbid Visions In The First Wave Terrorizer 128 42 Sepultura 1996 Roots CD New York NY Roadrunner Records The 25th Anniversary Series 2 CD Reissue 2005 Thoroddsen Arnar 2006 Dimery Robert ed 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die Quintet Publishing Limited ISBN 0 7893 1371 5 External links EditOfficial website Sepultura at AllMusic Sepultura at IMDb Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sepultura Look up sepultura in Wiktionary the free dictionary Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sepultura amp oldid 1149149619, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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