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Wikipedia

Security agency

December 03, 2023

A security agency is a governmental organization that conducts intelligence activities for the internal security of a nation.[1] They are the domestic cousins of foreign intelligence agencies, and typically conduct counterintelligence to thwart other countries' foreign intelligence efforts.[2][3]

For example, the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is an internal intelligence, security and law enforcement agency, while the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is an external intelligence service, which deals primarily with intelligence collection overseas. A similar relationship exists in Britain between MI5 and MI6.

The distinction, or overlap, between security agencies, national police, and gendarmerie organizations varies by country. For example, in the United States, one organization, the FBI, is a national police, an internal security agency, and a counterintelligence agency. In other countries, separate agencies exist, although the nature of their work causes them to interact. For example, in France, the Police nationale and the Gendarmerie nationale both handle policing duties, and the Direction centrale du renseignement intérieur handles counterintelligence.

Likewise, the distinction, or overlap, between military and civilian security agencies varies between countries. In the United States, the FBI and CIA are civilian agencies, although they have various paramilitary traits and have professional relationships with the U.S.'s military intelligence organizations. In many countries all intelligence efforts answer to the military, whether by official design or at least on a de facto basis. Countries where various military and civilian agencies divide responsibilities tend to reorganize their efforts over the decades to force the various agencies to cooperate more effectively, integrating (or at least coordinating) their efforts with some unified directorate. For example, after many years of turf wars, the member agencies of the United States Intelligence Community are now coordinated by the Director of National Intelligence, with the hope to reduce stovepiping of information.

In Ireland, for example, intelligence operations relevant to internal security are conducted by the military (G2) and police (SDU), rather than civilian agencies.

Security agencies frequently have "security", "intelligence" or "service" in their names. Private organizations that provide services similar to a security agency might be called a "security company" or "security service", but those terms can also be used for organizations that have nothing to do with intelligence gathering.

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Security agency vs. secret police edit

There is debate about whether some security agencies should be characterized as secret police forces. The extent to which security agencies use domestic covert operations to exert political control varies by country and political system. Such operations can include surveillance, infiltration, and disruption of dissident groups, attempts to publicly discredit dissident figures, and even assassination or extrajudicial detention and execution. Security agencies are constrained in some countries by a mesh of judicial and legislative accountability, whereas in others they may answer only to a single leader or executive committee.

Security agencies edit

 
The headquarters of the Finnish Security Intelligence Service or SUPO in Punavuori, Helsinki
 
KAPO headquarters in Kassisaba, Kesklinn, Tallinn

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "security agency". Collins.
  2. ^ Bamford, James (2007-12-18). Body of Secrets: Anatomy of the Ultra-Secret National Security Agency. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-307-42505-8.
  3. ^ "Security agency Definition". Law Insider. Retrieved 2022-05-24.

December 03, 2023
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A security agency is a governmental organization that conducts intelligence activities for the internal security of a nation 1 They are the domestic cousins of foreign intelligence agencies and typically conduct counterintelligence to thwart other countries foreign intelligence efforts 2 3 For example the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation FBI is an internal intelligence security and law enforcement agency while the Central Intelligence Agency CIA is an external intelligence service which deals primarily with intelligence collection overseas A similar relationship exists in Britain between MI5 and MI6 The distinction or overlap between security agencies national police and gendarmerie organizations varies by country For example in the United States one organization the FBI is a national police an internal security agency and a counterintelligence agency In other countries separate agencies exist although the nature of their work causes them to interact For example in France the Police nationale and the Gendarmerie nationale both handle policing duties and the Direction centrale du renseignement interieur handles counterintelligence Likewise the distinction or overlap between military and civilian security agencies varies between countries In the United States the FBI and CIA are civilian agencies although they have various paramilitary traits and have professional relationships with the U S s military intelligence organizations In many countries all intelligence efforts answer to the military whether by official design or at least on a de facto basis Countries where various military and civilian agencies divide responsibilities tend to reorganize their efforts over the decades to force the various agencies to cooperate more effectively integrating or at least coordinating their efforts with some unified directorate For example after many years of turf wars the member agencies of the United States Intelligence Community are now coordinated by the Director of National Intelligence with the hope to reduce stovepiping of information In Ireland for example intelligence operations relevant to internal security are conducted by the military G2 and police SDU rather than civilian agencies Security agencies frequently have security intelligence or service in their names Private organizations that provide services similar to a security agency might be called a security company or security service but those terms can also be used for organizations that have nothing to do with intelligence gathering network access Contents 1 Security agency vs secret police 2 Security agencies 3 See also 4 ReferencesSecurity agency vs secret police editThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed January 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message There is debate about whether some security agencies should be characterized as secret police forces The extent to which security agencies use domestic covert operations to exert political control varies by country and political system Such operations can include surveillance infiltration and disruption of dissident groups attempts to publicly discredit dissident figures and even assassination or extrajudicial detention and execution Security agencies are constrained in some countries by a mesh of judicial and legislative accountability whereas in others they may answer only to a single leader or executive committee Security agencies editThis list is incomplete you can help by adding missing items October 2015 nbsp The headquarters of the Finnish Security Intelligence Service or SUPO in Punavuori Helsinki nbsp KAPO headquarters in Kassisaba Kesklinn TallinnArmenia National Security Service Australia Australian Security Intelligence Organisation Bahrain National Security Agency Bangladesh National Security Intelligence NSI Belarus State Security Agency of the Republic of Belarus KDB or KGB Bosnia and Herzegovina Intelligence Security Agency of Bosnia and Herzegovina Brazil Federal Police Brunei Internal Security Department Brunei Canada Canadian Security Intelligence Service successor of RCMP Security Service China Ministry of State Security China Croatia Military Security and Intelligence Agency Croatian Vojna sigurnosno obavjestajna agencija or VSOA or VSA and Security and Intelligence Agency Croatian Sigurnosno obavjestajna agencija ili SOA East Germany former Stasi Estonia Estonian Internal Security Service KAPO European Union European Union Agency for Network and Information Security ENISA originally European Network and Information Security Agency Finland Finnish Security Intelligence Service SUPO France functions divided between Police nationale Gendarmerie nationale and Direction generale de la Securite interieure Germany Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution Germany Bundeskriminalamt India Ministry of Home Affairs Intelligence Bureau India National Investigation Agency Ministry of Finance Enforcement Directorate Directorate of Revenue Intelligence Economic Intelligence Council Directorate General of GST Intelligence Indonesia Indonesian State Intelligence Agency Ireland Directorate of Military Intelligence Ireland Special Detective Unit formerly the Special Branch and before that the Criminal Investigation Department CID Israel Shin Bet Israel Security Agency ISA and others see Israeli Intelligence Community Japan Public Security Intelligence Agency PSIA Malaysia Royal Malaysian Police Special Branch Netherlands General Intelligence and Security Service New Zealand New Zealand Security Intelligence Service Nigeria State Security Service SSS Norway Norwegian Police Security Service Oman Internal Security Service Pakistan Inter Services Intelligence ISI Intelligence Bureau Pakistan Federal Investigation Agency Poland Agencja Bezpieczenstwa Wewnetrznego Portugal Sistema de Informacoes da Republica Portuguesa SIRP former PIDE or Policia Internacional e de Defesa do Estado Russia Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation FSB successor of Federal Counterintelligence Service FSK successor of KGB Main Directorate of Special Programs of the President of the Russian Federation Main Intelligence Directorate Russia Serbia Military Security Agency BIA Serbian Bezbednosno informativna agenciјa BIA Bezbednosno informativna agencija BIA Singapore Internal Security Department Singapore Slovenia Slovenian Intelligence and Security Agency Somalia National Intelligence and Security Agency NISA Somali Hay ada Sirdoonka iyo Nabadsugida Soviet Union former Cheka State Political Directorate GPU People s Commissariat for Internal Affairs NKVD which became Ministry for Internal Affairs MVD People s Commissariat for State Security NKGB which became Ministry for State Security MGB SMERSH KGB Komitet gosudarstvennoy bezopasnosti Russian Komite t gosuda rstvennoj bezopa snosti KGB South Africa State Security Agency South Africa Spain all the following agencies have security and security intelligence functions Centro Nacional de Inteligencia CNI General Commissariat of Information CGI General Commissariat of Judiciary Police CGPJ Civil Guard Information Service SIGC Sri Lanka State Intelligence Service Sri Lanka SIS Sweden Swedish Security Service Sakerhetspolisen SAPO Switzerland Intelligence Service of the Federation Nachrichtendienst des Bundes Turkey The National Intelligence Organization Milli Istihbarat Teskilati MIT Ukraine Security Service of Ukraine United Kingdom all the following agencies have security and security intelligence functions MI5 also known as the Security Service MI6 also known as the Secret intelligence Service Government Communications Headquarters GCHQ Defence Intelligence Staff DIS United States all the following agencies have security and security intelligence functions Central Security Service Federal Bureau of Investigation National Security Agency Defense Intelligence Agency Vietnam Ministry of Public Security Bộ Cong an BCA See also editList of intelligence agencies Secret police Secret service Security Service disambiguation International securityReferences edit security agency Collins Bamford James 2007 12 18 Body of Secrets Anatomy of the Ultra Secret National Security Agency Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group ISBN 978 0 307 42505 8 Security agency Definition Law Insider Retrieved 2022 05 24 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Security agency amp oldid 1186482296, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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