Sandy Bridge
Sandy Bridge is the codename for Intel's 32 nm microarchitecture used in the second generation of the Intel Core processors (Core i7, i5, i3). The Sandy Bridge microarchitecture is the successor to Nehalem and Westmere microarchitecture. Intel demonstrated a Sandy Bridge processor in 2009, and released first products based on the architecture in January 2011 under the Core brand.[2][3]
| General information | |
|---|---|
| Launched | January 9, 2011 |
| Discontinued | September 27, 2013 [1] |
| Product code | 80619 (extreme desktop) 80620 (server LGA1356) 80621 (server LGA2011) 80623 (desktop) 80627 (mobile) |
| Performance | |
| Max. CPU clock rate | 1.60 GHz to 3.60 GHz |
| DMI speeds | 5.00 GT/s |
| Cache | |
| L1 cache | 64 KB per core |
| L2 cache | 256 KB per core |
| L3 cache | 1 MB to 8 MB shared 10 MB to 15 MB (Extreme) 3 MB to 20 MB (Xeon) |
| Architecture and classification | |
| Microarchitecture | Sandy Bridge |
| Instruction set | x86-64 |
| Instructions | x86, x86-64 |
| Extensions | |
| Physical specifications | |
| Transistors |
|
| Cores |
|
| GPU(s) | HD Graphics 650 MHz to 1100 MHz HD Graphics 2000 650 MHz to 1250 MHz HD Graphics 3000 650 MHz to 1350 MHz HD Graphics P3000 850 MHz to 1350 MHz |
| Socket(s) | |
| Products, models, variants | |
| Model(s) |
|
| History | |
| Predecessor | Nehalem (Tock) Westmere (Tick) |
| Successor | Ivy Bridge (Tick) Haswell (Tock) |
| Support status | |
| Unsupported | |
Sandy Bridge is manufactured in the 32 nm process and has a soldered contact with the die and IHS (Integrated Heat Spreader), while Intel's subsequent generation Ivy Bridge uses a 22 nm die shrink and a TIM (Thermal Interface Material) between the die and the IHS.
Technology
Intel demonstrated a Sandy Bridge processor with A1 stepping at 2 GHz during the Intel Developer Forum in September 2009.[4]
Upgraded features from Nehalem include:
CPU
- Intel Turbo Boost 2.0[5][6][7]
- 32 KB data + 32 KB instruction L1 cache and 256 KB L2 cache per core[8]
- Shared L3 cache which includes the processor graphics (LGA 1155)
- 64-byte cache line size
- New µOP cache, up to 1536-entry
- Improved 3 integer ALU, 2 vector ALU and 2 AGU per core[9][10]
- Two load/store operations per CPU cycle for each memory channel
- Decoded micro-operation cache,[11] and enlarged, optimized branch predictor
- Sandy Bridge retains the four branch predictors found in Nehalem: the branch target buffer (BTB), indirect branch target array, loop detector and renamed return stack buffer (RSB). Sandy Bridge has a single BTB that holds twice as many branch targets as the L1 and L2 BTBs in Nehalem.[12]
- Improved performance for transcendental mathematics, AES encryption (AES instruction set), and SHA-1 hashing
- 256-bit/cycle ring bus interconnect between cores, graphics, cache and System Agent Domain
- Advanced Vector Extensions (AVX) 256-bit instruction set with wider vectors, new extensible syntax and rich functionality[13]
- Up to 8 physical cores, or 16 logical cores through hyper-threading (From 6 core/12 thread)
- Integration of the GMCH (integrated graphics and memory controller) and processor into a single die inside the processor package. In contrast, Sandy Bridge's predecessor, Clarkdale, has two separate dies (one for GMCH, one for processor) within the processor package. This tighter integration reduces memory latency even more.
- A 14- to 19-stage instruction pipeline, depending on the micro-operation cache hit or miss[14]
- Increased ROB to 168 entries (From 128)[15]
- Larger Scheduler buffer (54-entry, up from 26-entry)
Translation lookaside buffer sizes[16][17] Cache Page Size Name Level 4 KB 2 MB 1 GB DTLB 1st 64 32 4 ITLB 1st 128 8 / logical core none STLB 2nd 512 none none
- All translation lookaside buffers (TLBs) are 4-way associative.[citation needed]
GPU
- Intel Quick Sync Video, hardware support for video encoding and decoding
- Integrated graphics is now integrated on the same die
I/O
- Integrated PCIe Controller
Models and steppings
All Sandy Bridge processors with one, two, or four cores report the same CPUID model 0206A7h[18] and are closely related. The stepping number cannot be seen from the CPUID but only from the PCI configuration space. The later Sandy Bridge-E processors with up to eight cores and no graphics are using CPUIDs 0206D6h and 0206D7h.[19] Ivy Bridge CPUs all have CPUID 0306A9h to date, and are built in four different configurations differing in the number of cores, L3 cache and GPU execution units:
| Die codename | CPUID | Stepping | Cores | GPU EUs | L3 cache | Sockets |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sandy Bridge-HE-4 | 0206A7h | D2 | 4 | 12 | 8 MB | LGA 1155, Socket G2, BGA-1023, BGA-1224 |
| Sandy Bridge-H-2 | J1 | 2 | 4 MB | LGA 1155, Socket G2, BGA-1023 | ||
| Sandy Bridge-M-2 | Q0 | 6 | 3 MB | |||
| Sandy Bridge-EP-8 | 0206D6h | C1 | 8 | none | 20 MB | LGA 2011 |
0206D7h | C2 | |||||
| Sandy Bridge-EP-4 | 0206D6h | M0 | 4 | 10 MB | LGA 2011 | |
0206D7h | M1 |
Performance
- The average performance increase, according to IXBT Labs and Semi Accurate as well as many other benchmarking sites, at clock to clock is 11.3% compared to the Nehalem generation, which includes Bloomfield, Clarkdale, and Lynnfield processors.[20]
- Around twice the integrated graphics performance compared to Clarkdale's (12 EUs comparison).
List of Sandy Bridge processors
1Processors featuring Intel's HD 3000 graphics are set in bold. Other processors feature HD 2000 graphics, HD graphics (Pentium and Celeron models) or no graphics core (Graphics Clock rate indicated by N/A).
- This list may not contain all the Sandy Bridge processors released by Intel. A more complete listing can be found on Intel's website.
Desktop platform
| Processor branding and model | Cores (threads) | CPU clock rate | Graphics clock rate | L3 Cache | TDP | Release date (Y-M-D) | Price (USD) | Motherboard | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal | Turbo | Normal | Turbo | Socket | Interface | Memory | |||||||
| Core i7 Extreme | 3970X | 6 (12) | 3.5 GHz | 4.0 GHz | — | 15 MB | 150 W | 2012-11-12 | $999 | LGA 2011 | DMI 2.0 PCIe 2.0[24] | Up to quad channel DDR3-1600[25] | |
| 3960X | 3.3 GHz | 3.9 GHz | 130 W | 2011-11-14 | |||||||||
| Core i7 | 3930K | 3.2 GHz | 3.8 GHz | 12 MB | $583 | ||||||||
| 3820 | 4 (8) | 3.6 GHz | 10 MB | 2012-02-13[26] | $294 | ||||||||
| 2700K | 3.5 GHz | 3.9 GHz | 850 MHz | 1350 MHz | 8 MB | 95 W | 2011-10-24 | $332 | LGA 1155 | DMI 2.0 PCIe 2.0 | Up to dual channel DDR3-1333 | ||
| 2600K | 3.4 GHz | 3.8 GHz | 2011-01-09 | $317 | |||||||||
| 2600 | $294 | ||||||||||||
| 2600S | 2.8 GHz | 65 W | $306 | ||||||||||
| Core i5 | 2550K | 4 (4) | 3.4 GHz | — | 6 MB | 95 W | 2012-01-30 | $225 | |||||
| 2500K | 3.3 GHz | 3.7 GHz | 850 MHz | 1100 MHz | 2011-01-09 | $216 | |||||||
| 2500 | $205 | ||||||||||||
| 2500S | 2.7 GHz | 65 W | $216 | ||||||||||
| 2500T | 2.3 GHz | 3.3 GHz | 650 MHz | 1250 MHz | 45 W | ||||||||
| 2450P | 3.2 GHz | 3.5 GHz | — | 95 W | 2012-01-30 | $195 | |||||||
| 2400 | 3.1 GHz | 3.4 GHz | 850 MHz | 1100 MHz | 2011-01-09 | $184 | |||||||
| 2405S | 2.5 GHz | 3.3 GHz | 65 W | 2011-05-22 | $205 | ||||||||
| 2400S | 2011-01-09 | $195 | |||||||||||
| 2380P | 3.1 GHz | 3.4 GHz | — | 95 W | 2012-01-30 | $177 | |||||||
| 2320 | 3.0 GHz | 3.3 GHz | 850 MHz | 1100 MHz | 2011-09-04 | ||||||||
| 2310 | 2.9 GHz | 3.2 GHz | 2011-05-22 | ||||||||||
| 2300 | 2.8 GHz | 3.1 GHz | 2011-01-09 | ||||||||||
| 2390T | 2 (4) | 2.7 GHz | 3.5 GHz | 650 MHz | 3 MB | 35 W | 2011-02-20 | $195 | |||||
| Core i3 | 2120T | 2.6 GHz | — | 2011-09-04 | $127 | ||||||||
| 2100T | 2.5 GHz | 2011-02-20 | |||||||||||
| 2115C | 2.0 GHz | — | 25 W | 2012-05 | $241 | BGA 1284 | |||||||
| 2130 | 3.4 GHz | 850 MHz | 1100 MHz | 65 W | 2011-09-04 | $138 | LGA 1155 | ||||||
| 2125 | 3.3 GHz | $134 | |||||||||||
| 2120 | 2011-02-20 | $138 | |||||||||||
| 2105 | 3.1 GHz | 2011-05-22 | $134 | ||||||||||
| 2102 | Q2 2011 | $127 | |||||||||||
| 2100 | 2011-02-20 | $117 | |||||||||||
| Pentium | G870 | 2 (2) | 2012-06-03 | $86 | |||||||||
| G860 | 3.0 GHz | 2011-09-04 | |||||||||||
| G860T | 2.6 GHz | 650 MHz | 35 W | 2012-06-03 | $75 | ||||||||
| G850 | 2.9 GHz | 850 MHz | 65 W | 2011-05-24 | $86 | ||||||||
| G840 | 2.8 GHz | $75 | |||||||||||
| G645 | 2.9 GHz | 2012-09-03 | $64 | Up to dual channel DDR3-1066 | |||||||||
| G640 | 2.8 GHz | 2012-06-03 | |||||||||||
| G632 | 2.7 GHz | Q3 2011 | |||||||||||
| G630 | 2011-09-04 | $75 | |||||||||||
| G622 | 2.6 GHz | Q2 2011 | |||||||||||
| G620 | 2011-05-24 | $64 | |||||||||||
| G645T | 2.5 GHz | 650 MHz | 35 W | 2012-09-03 | |||||||||
| G640T | 2.4 GHz | 2012-06-03 | |||||||||||
| G630T | 2.3 GHz | 2011-09-04 | $70 | ||||||||||
| G620T | 2.2 GHz | 2011-05-24 | |||||||||||
| Celeron | G555 | 2.7 GHz | 850 MHz | 1000 MHz | 2 MB | 65 W | 2012-09-02 | $52 | |||||
| G550 | 2.6 GHz | 2012-06-03 | |||||||||||
| G540 | 2.5 GHz | 2011-09-04 | |||||||||||
| G530 | 2.4 GHz | $42 | |||||||||||
| G550T | 2.2 GHz | 650 MHz | 35 W | 2012-09-02 | |||||||||
| G540T | 2.1 GHz | 2012-06-03 | |||||||||||
| G530T | 2.0 GHz | 2011-09-04 | $47 | ||||||||||
| G470 | 1 (2) | 1.5 MB | 2013-06-09 | $37 | Up to dual channel DDR3-1333 | ||||||||
| G465 | 1.9 GHz | 2012-09-02 | Up to dual channel DDR3-1066 | ||||||||||
| G460 | 1.8 GHz | 2011-12-11 | |||||||||||
| G440 | 1 (1) | 1.6 GHz | 1 MB | 2011-09-04 | |||||||||
Suffixes to denote:
- K – Unlocked (adjustable CPU ratio up to 57 bins)
- P – Versions clocked slightly higher than similar models, but with onboard-graphics deactivated
- S – Performance-optimized lifestyle (low power with 65W TDP)
- T – Power-optimized lifestyle (ultra low power with 35-45W TDP)
- X – Extreme performance (adjustable CPU ratio with no ratio limit)
NOTE: 3970X, 3960X, 3930K, and 3820 are actually of Sandy Bridge-E edition.
Server platform
| Socket | Model | Cores (threads) | L3 Cache | CPU clock rate | Interface | Supported memory | TDP | Release date | Price (USD) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Base | Turbo | ||||||||||
| LGA 2011 Quad Socket | Xeon E5 | 4650 | 8 (16) | 20MB | 2.7 GHz | 3.3 GHz | 2× 8.0GT/s QPI 40× PCIe 3.0) | 4× DDR3-1600 | 130 W | May 14, 2012 | $3616 |
| 4650L | 2.6 GHz | 3.1 GHz | 115 W | ||||||||
| 4640 | 2.4 GHz | 2.8 GHz | 95 W | $2725 | |||||||
| 4620 | 16MB | 2.2 GHz | 2.6 GHz | 2× 7.2GT/s QPI | 4× DDR3-1333 | $1611 | |||||
| 4617 | 6 (6) | 15MB | 2.9 GHz | 3.4 GHz | 4× DDR3-1600 | 130 W | |||||
| 4610 | 6 (12) | 2.4 GHz | 2.9 GHz | 4× DDR3-1333 | 95 W | $1219 | |||||
| 4607 | 12MB | 2.2 GHz | N/A | 2× 6.0GT/s QPI | 4× DDR3-1066 | $885 | |||||
| 4603 | 4 (8) | 10MB | 2.0 GHz | $551 | |||||||
| LGA 2011 Dual Socket | Xeon E5 | 2687 W | 8 (16) | 20MB | 3.1 GHz | 3.8 GHz | 2× 8.0GT/s QPI 40× PCIe 3.0) | 4× DDR3-1600 | 150 W | March 6, 2012 | $1885 |
| 2690 | 2.9 GHz | 3.8 GHz | 135 W | $2057 | |||||||
| 2680 | 2.7 GHz | 3.5 GHz | 130 W | $1723 | |||||||
| 2689 | 2.6 GHz | 3.6 GHz | 115 W | OEM | |||||||
| 2670 | 3.3 GHz | $1552 | |||||||||
| 2665 | 2.4 GHz | 3.1 GHz | $1440 | ||||||||
| 2660 | 2.2 GHz | 3.0 GHz | 95 W | $1329 | |||||||
| 2658 | 2.1 GHz | 2.4 GHz | $1186 | ||||||||
| 2650 | 2.0 GHz | 2.8 GHz | $1107 | ||||||||
| 2650L | 1.8 GHz | 2.3 GHz | 70 W | ||||||||
| 2648L | 2.1 GHz | $1186 | |||||||||
| 2667 | 6 (12) | 15MB | 2.9 GHz | 3.5 GHz | 130 W | $1552 | |||||
| 2640 | 2.5 GHz | 3.0 GHz | 2× 7.2GT/s QPI | 4× DDR3-1333 | 95 W | $884 | |||||
| 2630 | 2.3 GHz | 2.8 GHz | $612 | ||||||||
| 2620 | 2.0 GHz | 2.5 GHz | $406 | ||||||||
| 2630L | 60 W | $662 | |||||||||
| 2628L | 1.8 GHz | N/A | July 22, 2013 | OEM | |||||||
| 2643 | 4 (8) | 10MB | 3.3 GHz | 3.5 GHz | 2× 8.0GT/s QPI | 4× DDR3-1600 | 130 W | March 6, 2012 | $884 | ||
| 2637 | 2 (4) | 5MB | 3.0 GHz | 80 W | |||||||
| 2618L | 4 (8) | 10MB | 1.8 GHz | N/A | 2× 6.4GT/s QPI | 4× DDR3-1333 | 50 W | July 22, 2013 | OEM | ||
| 2609 | 4 (4) | 2.4 GHz | 4× DDR3-1066 | 80 W | March 6, 2012 | $246 | |||||
| 2603 | 1.8 GHz | $202 | |||||||||
| LGA 2011 | Xeon E5 | 1660 | 6 (12) | 15MB | 3.3 GHz | 3.9 GHz | No QPI 40× PCIe 3.0) | 4× DDR3-1600 | 130 W | March 6, 2012 | $1080 |
| 1650 | 12MB | 3.2 GHz | 3.8 GHz | $583 | |||||||
| 1620 | 4 (8) | 10MB | 3.6 GHz | $294 | |||||||
| 1607 | 4 (4) | 3.0 GHz | N/A | 4× DDR3-1066 | $244 | ||||||
| 1603 | 2.8 GHz | $198 | |||||||||
| Socket | Model | Cores (threads) | L3 Cache | CPU clock rate | Interface | Supported memory | TDP | Release date | Price (USD) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standard | Turbo | ||||||||||
| LGA 1356 Dual Socket | Xeon E5 | 2470 | 8 (16) | 20MB | 2.3 GHz | 3.1 GHz | 1× QPI 24× PCI-E 3.0 | 3× DDR3-1600 | 95 W | May 14, 2012 | $1440 |
| 2450 | 2.1 GHz | 2.9 GHz | $1106 | ||||||||
| 2450L | 1.8 GHz | 2.3 GHz | 70 W | ||||||||
| 2448L | 2.1 GHz | $1151 | |||||||||
| 2449L | 1.4 GHz | 1.8 GHz | 50 W | OEM | |||||||
| 2440 | 6 (12) | 15MB | 2.4 GHz | 2.9 GHz | 3× DDR3-1333 | 95 W | $834 | ||||
| 2430 | 2.2 GHz | 2.7 GHz | $551 | ||||||||
| 2420 | 1.9 GHz | 2.4 GHz | $388 | ||||||||
| 2430L | 2.0 GHz | 2.5 GHz | 60 W | $662 | |||||||
| 2428L | 1.8 GHz | 2.0 GHz | $628 | ||||||||
| 2418L | 4 (8) | 10MB | 2.0 GHz | 2.1 GHz | 50 W | $387 | |||||
| 2407 | 4 (4) | 2.2 GHz | N/A | 3x DDR3-1066 | 80 W | $250 | |||||
| 2403 | 1.8 GHz | $192 | |||||||||
| LGA 1356 | 1428L | 6 (12) | 15MB | 1.8 GHz | 3x DDR3-1333 | 60 W | $395 | ||||
| 1410 | 4 (8) | 10MB | 2.8 GHz | 3.2 GHz | 80 W | N/A | |||||
| Pentium | 1407 | 2 (2) | 5MB | 2.8 GHz | N/A | 3x DDR3-1066 | |||||
| 1403 | 2.6 GHz | ||||||||||
| 1405 | 1.2 GHz | 1.8 GHz | 40 W | 2012-08 | $143 | ||||||
| Socket | Model | Cores (threads) | CPU clock rate | L3Cache | Integrated Graphics | Interface | Supported memory | TDP | Release date | Price (USD) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standard | Turbo | |||||||||||
| LGA 1155 | Xeon E3 | 1290 | 4 (8) | 3.6 GHz | 4.0 GHz | 8MB | N/A | No QPI 40× PCIe 3.0) | 2× DDR3-1333 | 95 W | May 29, 2011 | $885 |
| 1280 | 3.5 GHz | 3.9 GHz | April 3, 2011 | $612 | ||||||||
| 1270 | 3.4 GHz | 3.8 GHz | 80 W | $328 | ||||||||
| 1240 | 3.3 GHz | 3.7 GHz | $250 | |||||||||
| 1230 | 3.2 GHz | 3.6 GHz | $215 | |||||||||
| 1220 | 4 (4) | 3.1 GHz | 3.4 GHz | $189 | ||||||||
| 1220L | 2 (4) | 2.2 GHz | 3.4 GHz | 3MB | 20 W | $189 | ||||||
| 1275 | 4 (8) | 3.4 GHz | 3.8 GHz | 8MB | HD Graphics P3000 | 95 W | $339 | |||||
| 1245 | 3.3 GHz | 3.7 GHz | $262 | |||||||||
| 1235 | 3.2 GHz | 3.6 GHz | $240 | |||||||||
| 1225 | 4 (4) | 3.1 GHz | 3.4 GHz | 6MB | $194 | |||||||
| 1265L | 4 (8) | 2.4 GHz | 3.3 GHz | 8MB | 45 W | OEM | ||||||
| 1260L | 2.4 GHz | 3.3 GHz | HD Graphics 2000 | $294 | ||||||||
Mobile platform
- Core i5-2515E and Core i7-2715QE processors have support for ECC memory and PCI express port bifurcation.
- All mobile processors, except Celeron and Pentium, use Intel's Graphics subsystem HD 3000 (12 EUs).
| Target segment | Processor branding and model | Cores / threads | CPU clock rate | Graphics clock rate | L3 cache | TDP | Release date | Price (USD) | Motherboard | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal | Turbo (1C/2C/4C) | Normal | Turbo | Interface | Socket | ||||||||
| Extreme | Core i7 Extreme | 2960XM | 4 (8) | 2.7 GHz | 3.7/3.6/3.4 GHz | 650 MHz | 1300 MHz | 8 MB | 55 W | 2011-09-04 | $1096 | *DMI 2.0 *Memory: Up to dual channel DDR3-1600 MHz *PCIe 2.0 | Socket G2 / BGA-1224 (in embedded products)[27] |
| 2920XM | 2.5 GHz | 3.5/3.4/3.2 GHz | 2011-01-05 | ||||||||||
| Performance | Core i7 | 2860QM | 2.5 GHz | 3.6/3.5/3.3 GHz | 45 W | 2011-09-04 | $568 | ||||||
| 2820QM | 2.3 GHz | 3.4/3.3/3.1 GHz | 2011-01-05 | ||||||||||
| 2760QM | 2.4 GHz | 3.5/3.4/3.2 GHz | 6 MB | 2011-09-04 | $378 | ||||||||
| 2720QM | 2.2 GHz | 3.3/3.2/3.0 GHz | 2011-01-05 | ||||||||||
| 2715QE | 2.1 GHz | 3.0/2.9/2.7 GHz | 1200 MHz | ||||||||||
| 2710QE | |||||||||||||
| 2675QM | 2.2 GHz | 3.1/3.0/2.8 GHz | 1200 MHz | 2011-10-02 | *DMI 2.0 *Memory: Up to dual channel DDR3-1333 MHz *PCIe 2.0 | ||||||||
| 2670QM | 1100 MHz | ||||||||||||
| 2635QM | 2.0 GHz | 2.9/2.8/2.6 GHz | 1200 MHz | 2011-01-05 | |||||||||
| 2630QM | 1100 MHz | ||||||||||||
| Mainstream | 2640M | 2 (4) | 2.8 GHz | 3.5/3.3 GHz | 1300 MHz | 4 MB | 35 W | 2011-09-04 | $346 | Socket G2 / BGA-1023 (in embedded products)[27] | |||
| 2620M | 2.7 GHz | 3.4/3.2 GHz | 2011-02-20 | ||||||||||
| 2649M | 2.3 GHz | 3.2/2.9 GHz | 500 MHz | 1100 MHz | 25 W | ||||||||
| 2629M | 2.1 GHz | 3.0/2.7 GHz | $311 | ||||||||||
| 2655LE | 2.2 GHz | 2.9/2.7 GHz | 650 MHz | 1000 MHz | $346 | ||||||||
| 2677M | 1.8 GHz | 2.9/2.6 GHz | 350 MHz | 1200 MHz | 17 W | 2011-06-20 | $317 | ||||||
| 2637M | 1.7 GHz | 2.8/2.5 GHz | $289 | ||||||||||
| 2657M | 1.6 GHz | 2.7/2.4 GHz | 1000 MHz | 2011-02-20 | $317 | ||||||||
| 2617M | 1.5 GHz | 2.6/2.3 GHz | 950 MHz | $289 | |||||||||
| 2610UE | 2.4/2.1 GHz | 850 MHz | $317 | ||||||||||
| Core i5 | 2557M | 1.7 GHz | 2.7/2.4 GHz | 1200 MHz | 3 MB | 2011-06-20 | $250 | ||||||
| 2537M | 1.4 GHz | 2.3/2.0 GHz | 900 MHz | 2011-02-20 | |||||||||
| 2467M | 1.6 GHz | 2.3/2.0 GHz | 1150 MHz | 2011-06-19 | |||||||||
| 2540M | 2.6 GHz | 3.3/3.1 GHz | 650 MHz | 1300 MHz | 35 W | 2011-06-20 | $266 | ||||||
| 2520M | 2.5 GHz | 3.2/3.0 GHz | $225 | ||||||||||
| 2515E | 3.1/2.8 GHz | 1100 MHz | $266 | ||||||||||
| 2510E | |||||||||||||
| 2450M | 1300 MHz | 2012-01 | $225 | ||||||||||
| 2435M | 2.4 GHz | 3.0/2.7 GHz | 2011-10-02 | OEM | |||||||||
| 2430M | 1200 MHz | $225 | |||||||||||
| 2410M | 2.3 GHz | 2.9/2.6 GHz | 2011-06-20 | ||||||||||
| Core i3 | 2370M | 2.4 GHz | — | 1150 MHz | 2012-01 | ||||||||
| 2350M | 2.3 GHz | 2011-10-02 | |||||||||||
| 2348M | 2013-01 | OEM | |||||||||||
| 2330E | 2.2 GHz | 1050 MHz | 2011-06-19 | $225 | |||||||||
| 2330M | 1100 MHz | ||||||||||||
| 2328M | 2012-09 | ||||||||||||
| 2312M | 2.1 GHz | Q2 2011 | OEM | ||||||||||
| 2310E | 1050 MHz | 2011-02-20 | |||||||||||
| 2310M | 1100 MHz | ||||||||||||
| 2377M | 1.5 GHz | 350 MHz | 1000 MHz | 17 W | Q3 2012 | $225 | |||||||
| 2375M | 2012-03 | ||||||||||||
| 2367M | 1.4 GHz | 2011-10-02 | $250 | ||||||||||
| 2365M | 2012-09 | $225 | |||||||||||
| 2357M | 1.3 GHz | 950 MHz | 2011-06-19 | OEM | |||||||||
| 2340UE | 800 MHz | $250 | |||||||||||
| Pentium | B915C | 1.5 GHz | — | 15 W | 2012-05 | $138 | |||||||
| 997 | 2 (2) | 1.6 GHz | 350 MHz | 1000 MHz | 2 MB | 17 W | 2012-09-30 | $134 | |||||
| 987 | 1.5 GHz | Q3 2012 | |||||||||||
| 977 | 1.4 GHz | 2012-01 | |||||||||||
| 967 | 1.3 GHz | 2011-10-02 | |||||||||||
| 957 | 1.2 GHz | 800 MHz | 2011-06-19 | ||||||||||
| B980 | 2.4 GHz | 650 MHz | 1150 MHz | 35 W | 2012-09 | $125 | |||||||
| B970 | 2.3 GHz | 2012-01 | |||||||||||
| B960 | 2.2 GHz | 1100 MHz | 2011-10-02 | $134 | |||||||||
| B950 | 2.1 GHz | 2011-06-19 | |||||||||||
| B940 | 2.0 GHz | ||||||||||||
| Celeron | B840 | 1.9 GHz | 1000 MHz | 2011-09-04 | $86 | ||||||||
| B830 | 1.8 GHz | 1050 MHz | 2012-09-30 | ||||||||||
| B820[28] | 1.7 GHz | 2012-07-29 | |||||||||||
| B815[29] | 1.6 GHz | 2012-01 | |||||||||||
| B810E | 1000 MHz | 2011-06-19 | |||||||||||
| B810 | 950 MHz | 2011-03-13 | |||||||||||
| B800 | 1.5 GHz | 1000 MHz | 2011-06-19 | $80 | |||||||||
| 887 | 350 MHz | 17 W | 09-30-2012 | $86 | |||||||||
| 877 | 1.4 GHz | 2012-07-29 | |||||||||||
| 867 | 1.3 GHz | January 2012 | $134 | ||||||||||
| 857 | 1.2 GHz | 2011-07-03 | |||||||||||
| 847 | 1.1 GHz | 800 MHz | 2011-06-19 | ||||||||||
| 847E | |||||||||||||
| 807 | 1 (2) | 1.5 GHz | 950 MHz | 1.5 MB | 2012-07-29 | $70 | |||||||
| 725C | 1.3 GHz | — | 10 W | 2012-05 | $74 | ||||||||
| 827E | 1 (1) | 1.4 GHz | 350 MHz | 800 MHz | 17 W | 2011-07-03 | $107 | ||||||
| 797 | 950 MHz | 2012-01 | |||||||||||
| 787 | 1.3 GHz | 2011-07-03 | |||||||||||
| B730 | 1.8 GHz | 650 MHz | 1000 MHz | 35 W | 2012-07-29 | $70 | |||||||
| B720[30] | 1.7 GHz | 2012-01 | |||||||||||
| B710 | 1.6 GHz | 2011-06-19 | |||||||||||
| 807UE | 1.0 GHz | 350 MHz | 800 MHz | 1 MB | 10 W | 2011-11 | $117 | ||||||
Suffixes to denote:
- M – Mobile processors
- XM – Unlocked
- QM – Quad-core
- E – Embedded mobile processors
- QE – Quad-core
- LE – Performance-optimized
- UE – Power-optimized
Cougar Point chipset flaw
On 31 January 2011, Intel issued a recall on all 67-series motherboards due to a flaw in the Cougar Point Chipset.[31] A hardware problem exists, in which the chipset's SATA II ports may fail over time, causing failure of connection to SATA devices, though data is not at risk.[32] Intel claims that this problem will affect only 5% of users over 3 years; however, heavier I/O workloads can exacerbate the problem.
Intel stopped production of flawed B2 stepping chipsets and began producing B3 stepping chipsets with the silicon fix. Shipping of these new chipsets started on 14 February 2011 and Intel estimated full recovery volume in April 2011.[33] Motherboard manufacturers (such as ASUS and Gigabyte Technology) and computer manufacturers (such as Dell and Hewlett-Packard) stopped selling products that involved the flawed chipset and offered support for affected customers. Options ranged from swapping for B3 motherboards to product refunds.[34][35]
Sandy Bridge processor sales were temporarily on hold, as one cannot use the CPU without a motherboard. However, processor release dates were not affected.[36] After two weeks, Intel continued shipping some chipsets, but manufacturers had to agree to a set of terms that will prevent customers from encountering the bug.[37]
Limitations
Overclocking
With Sandy Bridge, Intel has tied the speed of every bus (USB, SATA, PCI, PCI-E, CPU cores, Uncore, memory etc.) to a single internal clock generator issuing the basic 100 MHz Base Clock (BClk).[38] With CPUs being multiplier locked, the only way to overclock is to increase the BClk, which can be raised by only 5–7% without other hardware components failing. As a work around, Intel made available K/X-series processors, which feature unlocked multipliers; with a multiplier cap of 57 for Sandy Bridge.[39] For the Sandy Bridge-E platform, there is alternative method known as the BClk ratio overclock.[40]
During IDF (Intel Developer Forum) 2010, Intel demonstrated an unknown Sandy Bridge CPU running stably overclocked at 4.9 GHz on air cooling.[41][42]
Chipset
Non-K edition CPUs can overclock up to four bins from its turbo multiplier. Refer here for chipset support.
vPro remote-control
Sandy and Ivy Bridge processors with vPro capability have security features that can remotely disable a PC or erase information from hard drives. This can be useful in the case of a lost or stolen PC. The commands can be received through 3G signals, Ethernet, or Internet connections. AES encryption acceleration will be available, which can be useful for video conferencing and VoIP applications.[43][44]
Intel Insider
Sandy and Ivy Bridge processors contain a DRM technology that some video streaming web sites rely on to restrict use of their content. Such web sites offer 1080p streaming to users with such CPUs and downgrade the quality for other users.[45]
Software development kit
With the introduction of the Sandy Bridge microarchitecture, Intel also introduced the Intel Data Plane Development Kit (Intel DPDK) to help developers of communications applications take advantage of the platform in packet processing applications, and network processors.[46]
Roadmap
Intel demonstrated the Haswell architecture in September 2011, released in 2013 as the successor to Sandy Bridge and Ivy Bridge.[47]
Fixes
Microsoft has released a microcode update for selected Sandy Bridge and Ivy Bridge CPUs for Windows 7 and up that addresses stability issues. The update, however, negatively impacts Intel G3258 and 4010U CPU models.[48][49][50]
Trivia
Contains uROM implementation of Eight queens puzzle, supporting up-to 20x20, 76*2 bytes ROM, 83*4 bytes data, 185us for all 92 solutions of 8x8 board, 15.24sec for 15x15.[citation needed]
See also
References
- ^ Shvets, Gennadiy (September 26, 2012). "Intel discontinues second-generation Core i5 and i7 CPUs". CPU World. Retrieved 2020-07-29.
- ^ . December 28, 2010. Archived from the original on December 2, 2011. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
- ^ Brooke Crothers (December 15, 2010). . The Circuits Blog. CNET.com. Archived from the original on February 20, 2014. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
- ^ Anand Lal Shimpi (September 22, 2009). "IDF 2009 – Intel Shows off 22nm & 32nm, Sandy Bridge Demoed". AnandTech. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
- ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-01. Retrieved 2015-11-30.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Chris Angelini (3 January 2011). "The System Agent And Turbo Boost 2.0". Tom's Hardware.
- ^ "Intel Turbo Boost Technology 2.0". Intel.
- ^ Lal Shimpi, Anand (October 12, 2011). "The Bulldozer Review: AMD FX-8150 Tested". Anandtech.
- ^ "Intel's Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture". RealWorldTech.com.
- ^ "Intel's Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture". RealWorldTech.com.
- ^ "Intel's Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture". RealWorldTech.com.
- ^ "Intel's Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture". RealWorldTech.com.
- ^ "Intel's Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture". RealWorldTech.com.
- ^ Lal Shimpi, Anand (2012-10-05). "Intel's Haswell Architecture Analyzed". AnandTech. Retrieved 2013-10-20.
- ^ "Sandy Bridge (client) - Microarchitectures - Intel - WikiChip". en.wikichip.org. Retrieved 2021-02-09.
- ^ "Intel 64 and IA-32 Architectures Optimization Reference Manual". Intel.com. Intel. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
- ^ "Intel 64 and IA-32 Architectures Optimization Reference Manual" (PDF). Intel.com. Intel. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
- ^ "Support for the Intel Core i5 Desktop Processor". Intel.com. Intel. 2012-02-22. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
- ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-04. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Anand Lal Shimpi. "The Sandy Bridge Review: Intel Core i7-2600K, i5-2500K and Core i3-2100 Tested". anandtech.com. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
- ^ "Intel's Sandy Bridge E-Series in Q4 2011". Tom's Hardware. 2011-02-11. Retrieved 2011-02-13.
- ^ "Additional Details on Sandy Bridge-E Processors, X79, and LGA2011". Anandtech. 2011-04-26. Retrieved 2011-04-30.
- ^ "Products (Formerly Sandy Bridge)". Official product web site. Intel. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
- ^ {12M-Cache-up-to-3_80-GHz} "Intel Core i7-3930K Processor (12M Cache, up to 3.80 GHz)". Retrieved 29 March 2012.
- ^ Angelini, Chris (September 12, 2011). "Intel Core i7-3960X (Sandy Bridge-E) And X79 Platform Preview". Tom's Hardware. Retrieved November 14, 2011.
- ^ Fuad Abazovic (January 6, 2012). . Fudzilla. Archived from the original on January 8, 2012. Retrieved January 6, 2012.
- ^ a b "2nd Generation Intel Core i7 Processors". Ark.intel.com. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
- ^ "Intel Mobile Celeron B820 - FF8062700848602". Cpu-world.com. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
- ^ "Intel Mobile Celeron B815 - FF8062701159901". Cpu-world.com. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
- ^ "Intel Mobile Celeron B720 - FF8062701084101". Cpu-world.com. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
- ^ محمد رضا پناهی (8 February 2011). "Sandy Bridge، راه حلها، بازار ایران". سخت افزار: مشاوره و بررسی گجت های دیجیتال. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
- ^ "Intel Identifies Cougar Point Chipset Error, Halts Shipments". Tom's Hardware. 31 January 2011.
- ^ "Intel Identifies Chipset Design Error, Implementing Solution" (Press release). Intel Corporation. January 31, 2011.
- ^ "Intel chip bug affects HP, Dell, Samsung and Lenovo". BBC News. 2011-02-03.
- ^ "HP to offer refund for PCs with flawed Intel chip". Reuters. 2011-02-02.
- ^ "Intel to Ship Dual-core Sandy Bridge Chips on Feb. 20". PCWorld. 7 February 2011. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
- ^ "Intel to continue shipping flawed Sandy Bridge chipsets". Expert Reviews. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
- ^ Intel to limit Sandy Bridge Overclocking, Bit-Tech, July 22, 2010
- ^ Anand Lal Shimpi (September 14, 2010). "Intel's Sandy Bridge Architecture Exposed". AnandTech. p. 8. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
- ^ "Intel Core i7-3820 Extreme Edition CPU | Intel, Core i7-3820, CPU, Extreme Edition, Desktop, Processor, BX80619i73820, Benchmarks, Performance, Tests, Hank Tolman, Intel Core i7-3820 CPU Extreme Edition Desktop Processor BX80619i73820 Benchmark Performance Tests by Hank Tolman". Benchmarkreviews.com. 2012-03-05. Retrieved 2014-01-21.
- ^ . youtube.com. Archived from the original on 2011-01-04. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
- ^ . ZDNet. Archived from the original on 2010-09-21.
- ^ Hachman, Mark (2010-09-14). "Intel's 'Sandy Bridge' Chip to Include vPro Business Features". PC Magazine.
- ^ "Intel vPro Technology". Intel.
- ^ "Intel Insider". Intel.
- ^ Rick Merritt, Intel targets data plane with comms Soc, EE Times, February 2012
- ^ Crothers, Brooke (September 14, 2011). "Haswell chip completes Ultrabook 'revolution'". The Circuits Blog. CNET.com. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
- ^ "June 2015 Intel CPU microcode update for Windows". Retrieved 2020-11-07.
- ^ "Windows 7: June 2015 microcode update for Intel processors in Windows". Retrieved 2020-11-07.
- ^ "Windows update KB3064209 (G3258 & 4010U)". Retrieved 2020-11-07.
External links
- Official Intel homepages for:
- Sandy Bridge
- Intel's AVX page (Fetched Oct 9, 2012)
- Marco Chiappetta (January 2, 2011). "Intel Core i7-2600K and i5-2500K Processors Debut". HotHardware.com. Retrieved January 2, 2011.
- David Kanter (September 25, 2010). "Intel's Sandy Bridge Microarchitecture". realworldtech.com. Retrieved December 16, 2010.
- David Kanter (August 8, 2011). "Intel's Sandy Bridge Graphics Architecture". realworldtech.com. Retrieved November 4, 2011.
- Gabriel Torres (December 30, 2010). . hardwaresecrets.com. Archived from the original on September 28, 2011. Retrieved January 16, 2011.
- Andrew Van Til (January 3, 2011). "Intel Sandy Bridge: Core i5-2500K and DH67BL Motherboard". www.missingremote.com. Retrieved January 3, 2011.
- Oded Lempel (July 28, 2013). "2nd Generation Intel Core Processor Family: Intel Core i7, i5 and i3" (PDF). www.hotchips.org. Retrieved January 21, 2014.