Hakim Abul-Majd Majdūd ibn Ādam Sanā'ī Ghaznavi (Persian: حکیم ابوالمجد مجدود بن آدم سنایی غزنوی), more commonly known as Sanai, was a Persian poet from Ghazni. He lived his life in the Ghaznavid Empire which is now located in Afghanistan. He was born in 1080 and died between 1131 and 1141.[2]
Sana'i Ghaznavi
An abridged version of the Hadiqa al-haqiqa by Sana'i, created in Qajar Iran, dated 3 May 1806
He wrote an enormous quantity of mystical verse, of which The Walled Garden of Truth or The Hadiqat al Haqiqa (حدیقه الحقیقه و شریعه الطریقه) is his master work and the first Persian mystical epic of Sufism. Dedicated to Bahram Shah, the work expresses the poet's ideas on God, love, philosophy and reason.[6]
For almost 900 years The Walled Garden of Truth has been consistently read as a classic and employed as a Sufi textbook. According to Major T. Stephenson: "Sanai’s fame has always rested on his Hadiqa; it is the best known and in the East by far the most esteemed of his works; it is in virtue of this work that he forms one of the great trio of Sufi teachers — Sanai, Attar, Jalaluddin Rumi." Sanai taught that lust, greed and emotional excitement stood between humankind and divine knowledge, which was the only true reality (Haqq). Love (Ishq) and a social conscience are for him the foundation of religion; mankind is asleep, living in a desolate world. To Sanai common religion was only habit and ritual.
Sanai's poetry had a tremendous influence upon Persian literature. He is considered the first poet to use the qasidah (ode), ghazal (lyric), and the masnavi (rhymed couplet) to express the philosophical, mystical and ethical ideas of Sufism.
Influence and legacyedit
Poetic influenceedit
Rumi acknowledged Sanai and Attar as his two great inspirations, saying, "Attar is the soul and Sanai its two eyes, I came after Sanai and Attar." The Walled Garden of Truth was also a model for Nizami's Makhzan al-Asrar (Treasury of Secrets).[7]
Modern cultural referencesedit
There is a reference to Hakim Sanai's poetry near the end of the 2017 film The Shape of Water by Guillermo del Toro. In the final scene of the movie, the narrator recites a few verses of poetry without specific attribution, although there is a reference in the film's credit sequence to "Adapted works by Hakim Sanai." Researching for the Library of Congress blog From the Catbird Seat, Peter Armenti confirmed with the assistance of Catbird blog readers that the poem spoken at the end of The Shape of Water is del Toro's adaptation of Priya Hemenway's translation of an original poem by Hakim Sanai. Hemenway's translation appears in The Book of Everything: Journey of the Heart’s Desire : Hakim Sanai’s Walled Garden of Truth (2002).[8]
Quotationsedit
Sanai's poetry stresses the possibility of an "awakening";
While mankind remains mere baggage in the world It will be swept along, as in a boat, asleep. What can they see in sleep? What real merit or punishment can there be?
He who knows not his own soul, how shall he know the soul of another? and he who only knows hand and foot, how shall he know the Godhead? The prophets are unequal to understanding this matter; why dost thou foolishly claim to do so? When thou hast brought forward a demonstration of this subject, then thou wilt know the pure essence of the faith; otherwise what have faith and thou in common? thou hadst best be silent, and speak not folly. The learned talk nonsense all; for true religion is not woven about the feet of everyone.[9]
His means for this awakening is surrender to God, his poetry has been called "the essential fragrance of the path of love". He hits out at human hypocrisy and folly;[10]
Others are heedless,—do thou be wise, and on this path keep thy tongue silent. The condition laid on such a one is that he should receive all food and drink from the Causer, not from the causes. Go, suffer hardship, if thou wouldst be cherished; and if not, be content with the road to Hell. None ever attained his object without enduring hardship.[11]
^J.T.P. De Bruijn (December 15, 2002). "ḤADIQAT AL-ḤAQIQA WA ŠARIʿAT AL-ṬARIQA". Iranica. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
The Ḥadiqat al-ḥaqiqa is not only one of the first of a long line of Persian didactical maṯnawis, it is also one of the most popular works of its kind as the great number of copies made throughout the centuries attest. Its great impact on Persian literature is evidenced by the numerous citations from the poem occurring in mystical as well as profane works. It has been taken as a model by several other poets, including Neẓāmi, ʿAṭṭār, Rumi, Awḥadi, and Jāmi.
"
^"Who wrote the poem at the end of "The Shape of Water"? | From the Catbird Seat: Poetry & Literature at the Library of Congress". blogs.loc.gov. Armenti, Peter. 2018-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-21.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
^Source: From: Enclosed Garden Of Truth, Edited and translated by J. Stephenson in 1910
^Osho, Unio Mystica, Vol 1, Chapter 1, Rajneesh Foundation International
^Source: From: Enclosed Garden Of Truth, Edited and translated by J. Stephenson in 1910
Referencesedit
"Hadiqat al-Haqiqa wa Shari'at al-Tariqa" In Encyclopædia Iranica by J.T.P. De Bruijn [1]
E.G. Browne. Literary History of Persia. (Four volumes, 2,256 pages, and twenty-five years in the writing). 1998. ISBN0-7007-0406-X
Jan Rypka, History of Iranian Literature. Reidel Publishing Company. 1968 OCLC 460598. ISBN90-277-0143-1
Bo Utas, A Persian Sufi Poem: Vocabulary and terminology. Scandinavian Institute of Asian Studies Monograph Series, Curzon Press, 1977. OCLC 4705360
A Thousand Years of Persian Rubaiyat: An Anthology of Quatrains from the Tenth to the Twentieth Century Along With the Original Persian by Reza Saberi (Paperback - Nov 2000)
Diwan i Hakeem Sanai Ghaznavi - Foreword and research by Rahi Mu'airi. Maktab Kahkashan. Mashad, Iran.
Sanai, D. L. Pendlebury [Trans] (1974) The Walled Garden of Truth - Abridged (London: Octagon Press)
English translation of parts of the Hadiqa
The first book of the Hadiqatu'l-Haqiqat translated into English, at archive.org.
January 01, 1970
sanai, village, nepal, nepal, hakim, abul, majd, majdūd, Ādam, sanā, ghaznavi, persian, حکیم, ابوالمجد, مجدود, بن, آدم, سنایی, غزنوی, more, commonly, known, persian, poet, from, ghazni, lived, life, ghaznavid, empire, which, located, afghanistan, born, 1080, d. For the village in Nepal see Sanai Nepal Hakim Abul Majd Majdud ibn Adam Sana i Ghaznavi Persian حکیم ابوالمجد مجدود بن آدم سنایی غزنوی more commonly known as Sanai was a Persian poet from Ghazni He lived his life in the Ghaznavid Empire which is now located in Afghanistan He was born in 1080 and died between 1131 and 1141 2 Sana i GhaznaviAn abridged version of the Hadiqa al haqiqa by Sana i created in Qajar Iran dated 3 May 1806Native nameسنایی غزنویBorn1080Ghazni Ghaznavid EmpireDied1131 1141 1 Ghazni Ghaznavid EmpireOccupationPersian literatureGenreSufi poetry Wisdom LiteratureNotable worksThe Walled Garden of Truth Contents 1 Life 2 Works 3 Influence and legacy 3 1 Poetic influence 3 2 Modern cultural references 4 Quotations 5 See also 6 Notes 7 References 8 Further readingLife editSanai was a Persian 3 4 Sunni Muslim 4 He was connected with the court of the Ghaznavid Bahram shah who ruled 1117 1157 5 Works editHe wrote an enormous quantity of mystical verse of which The Walled Garden of Truth or The Hadiqat al Haqiqa حدیقه الحقیقه و شریعه الطریقه is his master work and the first Persian mystical epic of Sufism Dedicated to Bahram Shah the work expresses the poet s ideas on God love philosophy and reason 6 For almost 900 years The Walled Garden of Truth has been consistently read as a classic and employed as a Sufi textbook According to Major T Stephenson Sanai s fame has always rested on his Hadiqa it is the best known and in the East by far the most esteemed of his works it is in virtue of this work that he forms one of the great trio of Sufi teachers Sanai Attar Jalaluddin Rumi Sanai taught that lust greed and emotional excitement stood between humankind and divine knowledge which was the only true reality Haqq Love Ishq and a social conscience are for him the foundation of religion mankind is asleep living in a desolate world To Sanai common religion was only habit and ritual Sanai s poetry had a tremendous influence upon Persian literature He is considered the first poet to use the qasidah ode ghazal lyric and the masnavi rhymed couplet to express the philosophical mystical and ethical ideas of Sufism Influence and legacy editPoetic influence edit Rumi acknowledged Sanai and Attar as his two great inspirations saying Attar is the soul and Sanai its two eyes I came after Sanai and Attar The Walled Garden of Truth was also a model for Nizami s Makhzan al Asrar Treasury of Secrets 7 Modern cultural references edit There is a reference to Hakim Sanai s poetry near the end of the 2017 film The Shape of Water by Guillermo del Toro In the final scene of the movie the narrator recites a few verses of poetry without specific attribution although there is a reference in the film s credit sequence to Adapted works by Hakim Sanai Researching for the Library of Congress blog From the Catbird Seat Peter Armenti confirmed with the assistance of Catbird blog readers that the poem spoken at the end of The Shape of Water is del Toro s adaptation of Priya Hemenway s translation of an original poem by Hakim Sanai Hemenway s translation appears in The Book of Everything Journey of the Heart s Desire Hakim Sanai s Walled Garden of Truth 2002 8 Quotations editSanai s poetry stresses the possibility of an awakening While mankind remains mere baggage in the world It will be swept along as in a boat asleep What can they see in sleep What real merit or punishment can there be He who knows not his own soul how shall he know the soul of another and he who only knows hand and foot how shall he know the Godhead The prophets are unequal to understanding this matter why dost thou foolishly claim to do so When thou hast brought forward a demonstration of this subject then thou wilt know the pure essence of the faith otherwise what have faith and thou in common thou hadst best be silent and speak not folly The learned talk nonsense all for true religion is not woven about the feet of everyone 9 His means for this awakening is surrender to God his poetry has been called the essential fragrance of the path of love He hits out at human hypocrisy and folly 10 Others are heedless do thou be wise and on this path keep thy tongue silent The condition laid on such a one is that he should receive all food and drink from the Causer not from the causes Go suffer hardship if thou wouldst be cherished and if not be content with the road to Hell None ever attained his object without enduring hardship 11 See also edit nbsp Poetry portal List of Persian poets and authors Persian literature Rumi Nizami Ganjavi Attar of Nishapur Notable Sanai researchers Mohammad Reza Shafiei Kadkani Mohammad Taghi Modarres Razavi Mohammad Jafar YahaghiNotes edit C E Bosworth The Later Ghaznavids Columbia University Press 1977 108 C E Bosworth The Later Ghaznavids 108 Bruijn J T P de 1997 Sanaʾi In Bosworth C E van Donzel E Heinrichs W P amp Lecomte G eds The Encyclopaedia of Islam Second Edition Volume IX San Sze Leiden E J Brill ISBN 978 90 04 10422 8 a b Edward G Browne A Literary History of Persia from the Earliest Times Until Firdawsh 543 pp Adamant Media Corporation 2002 ISBN 978 1 4021 6045 5 ISBN 978 1 4021 6045 5 see p 437 Ghulam Abbas Dalal Ethics in Persian Poetry Abhinav Publications 1995 95 Sanaʾi Encyclopaedia Britannica 2008 Encyclopaedia Britannica Online 15 Jul 2008 lt http www britannica com EBchecked topic 521711 Sanai gt J T P De Bruijn December 15 2002 ḤADIQAT AL ḤAQIQA WA SARIʿAT AL ṬARIQA Iranica Retrieved 2010 09 06 The Ḥadiqat al ḥaqiqa is not only one of the first of a long line of Persian didactical maṯnawis it is also one of the most popular works of its kind as the great number of copies made throughout the centuries attest Its great impact on Persian literature is evidenced by the numerous citations from the poem occurring in mystical as well as profane works It has been taken as a model by several other poets including Neẓami ʿAṭṭar Rumi Awḥadi and Jami Who wrote the poem at the end of The Shape of Water From the Catbird Seat Poetry amp Literature at the Library of Congress blogs loc gov Armenti Peter 2018 03 09 Retrieved 2018 07 21 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint others link Source From Enclosed Garden Of Truth Edited and translated by J Stephenson in 1910 Osho Unio Mystica Vol 1 Chapter 1 Rajneesh Foundation International Source From Enclosed Garden Of Truth Edited and translated by J Stephenson in 1910References edit Hadiqat al Haqiqa wa Shari at al Tariqa In Encyclopaedia Iranica by J T P De Bruijn 1 E G Browne Literary History of Persia Four volumes 2 256 pages and twenty five years in the writing 1998 ISBN 0 7007 0406 X Jan Rypka History of Iranian Literature Reidel Publishing Company 1968 OCLC 460598 ISBN 90 277 0143 1 Bo Utas A Persian Sufi Poem Vocabulary and terminology Scandinavian Institute of Asian Studies Monograph Series Curzon Press 1977 OCLC 4705360Further reading edit nbsp Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica article Sana i Sanai in original Persian A Thousand Years of Persian Rubaiyat An Anthology of Quatrains from the Tenth to the Twentieth Century Along With the Original Persian by Reza Saberi Paperback Nov 2000 Diwan i Hakeem Sanai Ghaznavi Foreword and research by Rahi Mu airi Maktab Kahkashan Mashad Iran Sanai D L Pendlebury Trans 1974 The Walled Garden of Truth Abridged London Octagon Press English translation of parts of the Hadiqa The first book of the Hadiqatu l Haqiqat translated into English at archive org Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sanai amp oldid 1225126939, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
