Salambáw (Spanish: salambáo or sarambáo), is a type of lift net used by indigenous fishermen in the Philippines. They are found throughout the Philippine islands but are most prevalent in large lakes like Laguna de Bay, and sheltered coastal areas like Manila Bay, Ragay Gulf, and Batan Bay. Variations of salambáw lift nets include the bintol (used for catching crabs), panak (used for catching chambered nautilus), tangkal (a stationary lift net operated at night), and the basnig (a deep-water lift net operated from outrigger canoes).[1][2]Salambáw rafts were also known as saraboa or salakab.[3][4]
Salambáw is derived from Proto-Western Malayo-Polynesian *salambaw, meaning a "large fishing net". Its cognates include səlambaw in Iban and Malay. The term is only used in the northern and Visayan regions in the Philippines and is absent in the south.[5]
Descriptionedit
1855 woodcut of a salambáw raft in operation in Manila Bay by the French traveler Paul de la Gironiere1873 illustration of a salambáw raft by German explorer Fedor Jagor
Salambáw rafts were made from reeds or bamboo lashed together. At the center of the raft is a tall upright pole or a tower structure (timba) around 15 to 20 m (49 to 66 ft) in height. At the top of the pole are two large curving spars crossed with each other. A large square net is attached to the ends of these spars. The pole acts as a crane, it can be tilted to submerge the net using a weighted lever mechanism. The operator either pushes or pulls the lever, or climbs on it to bring it down with their body weight, thus raising the pole.[1]
Salambáw rafts are usually operated by two people. Though it catches only a few fish at a time, they can be raised and lowered repeatedly every few minutes.[1]Salambáw operated at night may use fishing light attractors. These were traditionally candles made of resin.[6]
Basnig or Balasnig are lift nets operated by a large outrigger boat called Basnigan. They utilize a large bag net suspended directly below or beside the ship. This net is attached to multiple temporary booms projecting from the ship's outriggers and detachable auxiliary masts. Modern basnig typically use generators and electric lights to attract fish and squid. This method is unique to the Philippines. It is common in the Visayas, particularly in the provinces of Capiz and Iloilo. With the poles deployed, the entire ship can look like a spiderweb.[2]
Bintoledit
A smaller hand-operated version of the salambáw is known as a bintol. It is shaped like a square and is baited. It is used primarily to catch crabs in shallow water.[7]Bintol are usually lowered to the bottom of inland waters, at depths of 5 to 7 m (16 to 23 ft).[2]
Panakedit
Another specialized deep-sea lift net is known as the panak. It is used to catch lagang (chambered nautilus, which are valued for their shells), and sometimes lobsters. Panak can be lowered to extreme depths of 120 to 150 m (390 to 490 ft). In contrast to the shallow-water salambáw, they are only lowered and raised around ten times a night.[2]
Tangkaledit
Tangkal or bintahan are large stationary lift nets. They use box-shaped nets and are operated from a bamboo platform built on the shoreline or out at sea. They typically use kerosene lamps placed above the center of the net as fish attractors. The nets are lifted by means of counterweights, with the fish collected by long hand nets. They are typically used to catch anchovies, mullets, slipmouths, and barracudas. It is similar to an Indonesian lift net known as bagan.[2]
^ abcVicente C. Aldaba (1932). "Fishing methods in Manila Bay". The Philippine Journal of Science. 47 (3): 405–424.
^ abcdeGunzo Kawamura & Teodora Bagarinao (1980). "Fishing Methods and Gears in Panay Island, Philippines". Memoirs of Faculty of Fisheries Kagoshima University. 29: 81–121.
^Ricardo E. Galang (1941). "Types of Watercraft in the Philippines". The Philippine Journal of Science. 75 (3): 291–306.
^Pedro Serano Laktaw (1914). Diccionario Tagálog-Hispano: Segunda Parte. Ateneo de Manila. p. 1129.
^Robert Blust & Stephen Trussel. "Austronesian Comparative Dictionary: *s". Austronesian Comparative Dictionary. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
^Conrado Benitez (1926). History Of The Philippines. Ginn and Company. p. 77.
^Office of the President, ed. (1954). "Proclamation No. 14". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. 50 (4): 1431.
^Rolando M. Gripaldo (2009). "Roman Catholicism and Filipino Culture". In Gadis Arivia & Donny Gahral Adian (ed.). Relations Between Religions and Cultures in Southeast Asia. Cultural Heritage and Contemporary Change Series IIID, South East Asia, Volume 6. Council for Research in Values and Philosophy. p. 130. ISBN9781565182509.
December 20, 2023
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Salambaw Spanish salambao or sarambao is a type of lift net used by indigenous fishermen in the Philippines They are found throughout the Philippine islands but are most prevalent in large lakes like Laguna de Bay and sheltered coastal areas like Manila Bay Ragay Gulf and Batan Bay Variations of salambaw lift nets include the bintol used for catching crabs panak used for catching chambered nautilus tangkal a stationary lift net operated at night and the basnig a deep water lift net operated from outrigger canoes 1 2 Salambaw rafts were also known as saraboa or salakab 3 4 Pesca con el Sarambao 1847 a painting of salambaw fishermen by Jose Honorato LozanoSalambaw lift net rafts beside Pasig River Light Manila Philippines c 1900 1902 Contents 1 Etymology 2 Description 3 Variants 3 1 Basnig 3 2 Bintol 3 3 Panak 3 4 Tangkal 4 Cultural significance 5 See also 6 ReferencesEtymology editSalambaw is derived from Proto Western Malayo Polynesian salambaw meaning a large fishing net Its cognates include selambaw in Iban and Malay The term is only used in the northern and Visayan regions in the Philippines and is absent in the south 5 Description edit nbsp 1855 woodcut of a salambaw raft in operation in Manila Bay by the French traveler Paul de la Gironiere nbsp 1873 illustration of a salambaw raft by German explorer Fedor JagorSalambaw rafts were made from reeds or bamboo lashed together At the center of the raft is a tall upright pole or a tower structure timba around 15 to 20 m 49 to 66 ft in height At the top of the pole are two large curving spars crossed with each other A large square net is attached to the ends of these spars The pole acts as a crane it can be tilted to submerge the net using a weighted lever mechanism The operator either pushes or pulls the lever or climbs on it to bring it down with their body weight thus raising the pole 1 Salambaw rafts are usually operated by two people Though it catches only a few fish at a time they can be raised and lowered repeatedly every few minutes 1 Salambaw operated at night may use fishing light attractors These were traditionally candles made of resin 6 Variants editBasnig edit nbsp A basnigan near Basilan with nets deployedMain article Basnig Basnig or Balasnig are lift nets operated by a large outrigger boat called Basnigan They utilize a large bag net suspended directly below or beside the ship This net is attached to multiple temporary booms projecting from the ship s outriggers and detachable auxiliary masts Modern basnig typically use generators and electric lights to attract fish and squid This method is unique to the Philippines It is common in the Visayas particularly in the provinces of Capiz and Iloilo With the poles deployed the entire ship can look like a spiderweb 2 Bintol edit A smaller hand operated version of the salambaw is known as a bintol It is shaped like a square and is baited It is used primarily to catch crabs in shallow water 7 Bintol are usually lowered to the bottom of inland waters at depths of 5 to 7 m 16 to 23 ft 2 Panak edit Another specialized deep sea lift net is known as the panak It is used to catch lagang chambered nautilus which are valued for their shells and sometimes lobsters Panak can be lowered to extreme depths of 120 to 150 m 390 to 490 ft In contrast to the shallow water salambaw they are only lowered and raised around ten times a night 2 Tangkal edit Tangkal or bintahan are large stationary lift nets They use box shaped nets and are operated from a bamboo platform built on the shoreline or out at sea They typically use kerosene lamps placed above the center of the net as fish attractors The nets are lifted by means of counterweights with the fish collected by long hand nets They are typically used to catch anchovies mullets slipmouths and barracudas It is similar to an Indonesian lift net known as bagan 2 Cultural significance editMain article Our Lady of Salambao One of the three patron saints of the Catholic Obando Fertility Rites in Obando Bulacan is Nuestra Senora Inmaculada Concepcion de Salambao better known as Our Lady of Salambao She is named thus because her figurine was supposedly discovered by fishermen in a salambaw net 8 See also editCasco barge GuilaloReferences edit a b c Vicente C Aldaba 1932 Fishing methods in Manila Bay The Philippine Journal of Science 47 3 405 424 a b c d e Gunzo Kawamura amp Teodora Bagarinao 1980 Fishing Methods and Gears in Panay Island Philippines Memoirs of Faculty of Fisheries Kagoshima University 29 81 121 Ricardo E Galang 1941 Types of Watercraft in the Philippines The Philippine Journal of Science 75 3 291 306 Pedro Serano Laktaw 1914 Diccionario Tagalog Hispano Segunda Parte Ateneo de Manila p 1129 Robert Blust amp Stephen Trussel Austronesian Comparative Dictionary s Austronesian Comparative Dictionary Retrieved 2 July 2018 Conrado Benitez 1926 History Of The Philippines Ginn and Company p 77 Office of the President ed 1954 Proclamation No 14 Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines 50 4 1431 Rolando M Gripaldo 2009 Roman Catholicism and Filipino Culture In Gadis Arivia amp Donny Gahral Adian ed Relations Between Religions and Cultures in Southeast Asia Cultural Heritage and Contemporary Change Series IIID South East Asia Volume 6 Council for Research in Values and Philosophy p 130 ISBN 9781565182509 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Salambaw amp oldid 1142446623, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
