The Ruiju myōgishō (類聚名義抄, "Classified dictionary of pronunciations and meanings, annotated") is a Japanese dictionary from the late Heian Period. The title, sometimes abbreviated as Myōgishō, combines the ruiju ("classified dictionary") from the Wamyō Ruijushō and the myōgi ("pronunciation and meaning/definition") from the Tenrei Banshō Myōgi. Additional Buddhist titles, like Sanbō ruiju myōgishō (三宝類聚名義抄), use the word sanbō (三宝 "Three Jewels") because the text was divided into butsu (仏 "Buddha"), hō (法 "Dharma"), and sō (僧 "Sangha") sections.
The origins of the Ruiju myōgishō are uncertain. Don Clifford Bailey concludes it was "compiled early in the twelfth century, presumably by a priest".[1] Kaneko believes the received edition dates from the late 12th century, but the original version was compiled around 1081–1100 CE.[2] There are various received texts of the Ruiju myōgishō and several indexes.
Like other early Japanese dictionaries, the Ruiju myōgishō borrowed heavily from Chinese dictionaries, in particular the (c. 543 CE) Yupian and the (601 CE) Qieyun. For collation of character entries, the Chinese Yupian has a system of 542 logographic radicals. The Ruiju myōgishō cuts them down into 120 radicals (bu 部), even simpler than the (ca. 900 CE) Japanese Shinsen Jikyō system of 160.
The Ruiju myōgishō lists over 32,000 characters and compounds. The entries give both on'yomi Sino-Japanese borrowings and kun'yomi native Japanese readings for kanji, using Chinese fanqie spellings (from the Qieyun), Man'yōgana, and katakana. Meanings are often illustrated by quotations from over 130 Chinese classic texts and classical Japanese literature. These quotes have two types of Kanbun ("Chinese writing") annotations, shōten (声点 "tone marks") for Chinese tones and Japanese accents, and occasional kunten (訓点 "reading marks") for Japanese pronunciations. "Many passages contain no Japanese readings at all", says Bailey, "but there are a total of approximately 10,000 Japanese readings given in the whole work".[1] While special care is needed for its commentary nature,[3] the Ruiju myōgishō remains a standard Japanese source of information regarding Heian era pronunciation.
Editionsedit
There are various extant editions that still exist today. The main editions include:
The Zushoryō (図書寮) edition. It is part of the Shoryōbu (書陵部) collection in the Imperial Household Agency. Compiled between 1081 and 1100. It retains signs of the original; however, it is incomplete and only contains the first half of the hō (法) section. It provides detailed literary citations for entries.
The Kōzan-ji edition. Part of the Tenri Central Library collection. It is entitled Sanbō ruiju jishū (三宝類字集), and is a revised edition. It only contains the butsu (仏) section and part of the 巻上 section found in the Kanji-in edition.
The Hōbodai-in (宝菩提院) edition. It is part of the Tō-ji Hōbodai-in collection. Revised and incomplete.
In addition to the above, the Ren'jō-in (蓮成院) and Sainen-ji (西念寺) revised editions exist, but both are incomplete.
Referencesedit
^ abBailey, Don Clifford (1960). "Early Japanese Lexicography". Monumenta Nipponica. 16 (1/2): 1–52. doi:10.2307/2383355. JSTOR 2383355. p. 6.
^Kaneko, Akira 金子彰 (1996). "Ruiju myōgishō" 類聚名義抄. In Okimori, Takuya 沖森卓也 (ed.). Nihon jisho jiten 日本辞書辞典 [The Encyclopedia of Dictionaries Published in Japan]. Tokyo: Ōfū. pp. 269–272. ISBN9784273028909. p. 269.
^Li, Yuan; Shin, Woongchul; Okada, Kazuhiro (2016). "Japanese Rendition of Tenrei Bansho Meigi's Definition in Early Japanese Lexicography: An Essay". Journal of the Graduate School of Letters. 11: 83–96. hdl:2115/61097.
January 01, 1970
ruiju, myōgishō, ruiju, myōgishō, 類聚名義抄, classified, dictionary, pronunciations, meanings, annotated, japanese, dictionary, from, late, heian, period, title, sometimes, abbreviated, myōgishō, combines, ruiju, classified, dictionary, from, wamyō, ruijushō, myōg. The Ruiju myōgishō 類聚名義抄 Classified dictionary of pronunciations and meanings annotated is a Japanese dictionary from the late Heian Period The title sometimes abbreviated as Myōgishō combines the ruiju classified dictionary from the Wamyō Ruijushō and the myōgi pronunciation and meaning definition from the Tenrei Banshō Myōgi Additional Buddhist titles like Sanbō ruiju myōgishō 三宝類聚名義抄 use the word sanbō 三宝 Three Jewels because the text was divided into butsu 仏 Buddha hō 法 Dharma andsō 僧 Sangha sections Ruiju myōgishō located in the Tenri Central Library in Nara Japan The origins of the Ruiju myōgishō are uncertain Don Clifford Bailey concludes it was compiled early in the twelfth century presumably by a priest 1 Kaneko believes the received edition dates from the late 12th century but the original version was compiled around 1081 1100 CE 2 There are various received texts of the Ruiju myōgishō and several indexes Like other early Japanese dictionaries the Ruiju myōgishō borrowed heavily from Chinese dictionaries in particular the c 543 CE Yupian and the 601 CE Qieyun For collation of character entries the Chinese Yupian has a system of 542 logographic radicals The Ruiju myōgishō cuts them down into 120 radicals bu 部 even simpler than the ca 900 CE Japanese Shinsen Jikyō system of 160 The Ruiju myōgishō lists over 32 000 characters and compounds The entries give both on yomi Sino Japanese borrowings and kun yomi native Japanese readings for kanji using Chinese fanqie spellings from the Qieyun Man yōgana and katakana Meanings are often illustrated by quotations from over 130 Chinese classic texts and classical Japanese literature These quotes have two types of Kanbun Chinese writing annotations shōten 声点 tone marks for Chinese tones and Japanese accents and occasional kunten 訓点 reading marks for Japanese pronunciations Many passages contain no Japanese readings at all says Bailey but there are a total of approximately 10 000 Japanese readings given in the whole work 1 While special care is needed for its commentary nature 3 the Ruiju myōgishō remains a standard Japanese source of information regarding Heian era pronunciation Editions editThere are various extant editions that still exist today The main editions include The Zushoryō 図書寮 edition It is part of the Shoryōbu 書陵部 collection in the Imperial Household Agency Compiled between 1081 and 1100 It retains signs of the original however it is incomplete and only contains the first half of the hō 法 section It provides detailed literary citations for entries The Kanchi in 観智院 edition It is part of the Tenri Central Library and is a national treasure of Japan It is a mid Kamakura period facsimile While it is an expanded and revised edition of the original it is the only complete edition surviving today The Kōzan ji edition Part of the Tenri Central Library collection It is entitled Sanbō ruiju jishu 三宝類字集 and is a revised edition It only contains the butsu 仏 section and part of the 巻上 section found in the Kanji in edition The Hōbodai in 宝菩提院 edition It is part of the Tō ji Hōbodai in collection Revised and incomplete In addition to the above the Ren jō in 蓮成院 and Sainen ji 西念寺 revised editions exist but both are incomplete References edit a b Bailey Don Clifford 1960 Early Japanese Lexicography Monumenta Nipponica 16 1 2 1 52 doi 10 2307 2383355 JSTOR 2383355 p 6 Kaneko Akira 金子彰 1996 Ruiju myōgishō 類聚名義抄 In Okimori Takuya 沖森卓也 ed Nihon jisho jiten 日本辞書辞典 The Encyclopedia of Dictionaries Published in Japan Tokyo Ōfu pp 269 272 ISBN 9784273028909 p 269 Li Yuan Shin Woongchul Okada Kazuhiro 2016 Japanese Rendition of Tenrei Bansho Meigi s Definition in Early Japanese Lexicography An Essay Journal of the Graduate School of Letters 11 83 96 hdl 2115 61097 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ruiju Myōgishō amp oldid 1205180284, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
