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Royal Agricultural University

The Royal Agricultural University (RAU), formerly the Royal Agricultural College, is a public university in Cirencester, Gloucestershire, England. Established in 1845,[3] it was the first agricultural college in the English-speaking world.[4] The university provides more than 30 land-based undergraduate and postgraduate programmes to students from over 45 countries through the School of Agriculture, the School of Business and Entrepreneurship, the School of Equine and the School of Real Estate and Land Management.

Royal Agricultural University
MottoLatin: Arvorum Cultus Pecorumque;
(from Virgil's Georgics)
"Caring for the Fields
and the Beasts"
TypePublic
Established2013 - University status
1845; 179 years ago (1845) – College
PresidentCharles III
Vice-ChancellorProfessor Peter McCaffery
Students1,125 (2019/20)[1]
Undergraduates1,015 (2019/20)[1]
Postgraduates110 (2019/20)[1]
Location,
51°32′35″N 1°59′42″W / 51.54306°N 1.99500°W / 51.54306; -1.99500
CampusRural
Chair of Governing CouncilDame Fiona Reynolds
Colours
Websitewww.rau.ac.uk

History edit

The Royal Agricultural University was founded as the Royal Agricultural College in 1842,[5] at a meeting of the Fairford and Cirencester Farmers’ Club. Concerned by the lack of government support for education, Robert Jeffreys-Brown addressed the meeting on "The Advantages of a Specific Education for Agricultural Pursuits".[6] A prospectus was circulated, a general committee was appointed and Henry Bathurst, 4th Earl Bathurst was elected president. Funds were raised by public subscription: much of the support came from the wealthy landowners and farmers of the day, and there was no government support. Construction of the main building, in Victorian Tudor style, began in April 1845 and was designed by S. W. Daukes and John R. Hamilton, and built by Thomas Bridges of Cirencester.[7] The first 25 students were admitted to the college in September 1845.

Queen Victoria granted a royal charter to the college in 1845 and sovereigns have been patrons ever since, visiting the college in every reign. King Charles III became president in 1982.

The college gained full university status in 2013 and changed its name accordingly.[8] It had 1,125 students in the 2019/20 academic year[1] and saw a 49% rise in applications between 2008 and 2013.[9] In 2021 the RAU expanded with the creation of a Cultural Heritage Institute based in Swindon.[10]

The university moved up 22 places in the Complete University Guide 2024 coming in at number 73. Of the 130 universities listed it was joint third in achieving the highest change in rank position. The RAU also ranked in the top 10 universities in the UK for the best student experience and was the highest-ranking university in Gloucestershire, according to the Sunday Times Good University Guide 2023. [11][12]

Farms edit

The university operates two farms close to the campus:

  • Coates Manor Farm is predominantly arable cropped with some pasture land.
  • Fossehill Farm provides polo and hunter livery stabling and associated exercise facilities.

Harnhill Manor Farm was purchased in 2009 and with Coates Manor Farm totals[13] 491 hectares (1,210 acres) of land. The farm was managed organically for many years but all the land apart from the outdoor-pig unit was taken out of organic management. In 2011, an old sheep shed at the front of the farm complex was turned into the 'John Oldacre Rural Innovation Centre' a building designed for the training of students and members of the public in vocational skills such as rough-terrain forklift truck driving, blacksmithing, chainsaw and welding course, etc. The building cost £1.2 Million to transform.[14] The JORIC was officially opened in March 2014 by Sir John Beddington and the site was visited in November 2013 by Prince Charles.

Sport edit

The university has a range of sports facilities on campus, including a gym, an all-weather pitch, and squash and tennis courts. Students participate in a wide range of sports including; clay pigeon shooting, cricket, equestrian, field sports (hunting, fishing and shooting), football, golf, lacrosse, hockey, netball, polo, rugby, rifle shooting, rowing, tennis and yachting.[15]

The Royal Agricultural University is just one of three remaining British universities (the others being the University of Cambridge and the University of Oxford) to maintain their own beagle pack. Founded in 1889, the RAU Beagles is run by the students who whip in and hunt the hounds, and until the 2004 hunting ban, hunted hares in the countryside around Cirencester.[16]

Research edit

In the Research Excellence Framework (REF) 2021, 52% of the university's research was classed as 3* or 4* meaning it is world-leading or internationally excellent. In addition, half of the university's scientific publications were deemed to be of international quality.[17] In Research England's Knowledge Exchange Framework, the university was grouped into the STEM cluster – small specialist universities in medicine, science, and engineering – ranking second out of the nine institutions in the cluster. The university was recognised as having very high or high engagement in five of the seven criteria on which it was judged.[18]

Library edit

The university library holds around 40,000 print volumes, nearly 1,000 current journal subscriptions, more than 40,000 e-books and a growing number of full-text databases.[19] The main collection is supplemented by a support collection and a historical collection of texts, primarily on agriculture and estate/land management, dating back to the 16th century. The library also holds the RAU archive, a collection of documents relating to the institution since its foundation.

Controversies edit

In April 2023, the university was criticised by animal rights activists after students tied a dead fox to the roof of a car during a charity event.[20]

Similarly, on the 29th of March 2023 it was reported by Channel 4 News that the Royal Agricultural College Beagles were allegedly hare-coursing - an act that has been illegal since 2005.[21]

Patrons edit

The patron of RAU was until 1982 the current reigning British monarch, at which point King Charles, the then heir apparent to the British throne, and current King of the United Kingdom took on this role.[22]

Notable people edit

Staff edit

  • James Buckman – professor of geology, botany, and zoology from 1848 to 1863.
  • John D. Custance – professor of agricultural science in the late 1870s, later was responsible for establishing Roseworthy Agricultural College in South Australia.[23]
  • John Scott, on the staff shortly from 1880, later became known as a tractor pioneer.
  • Sir Emrys Jones, former chief adviser to the Minister of Agriculture from 1967 to 1973, and director of the Government's Agricultural and Development Advisory Service (ADAS), was principal of the college from 1973 until 1978. He described his time at Cirencester as the most enjoyable period in his life.[24] In 2011, a new teaching facility at the college was named in his honour.[25] For university applicants with a connection to Wales, a scholarship has been set up that carries the former principal's name.[26]
  • Edward William Prevost, Professor of Chemistry 1879 to 1881 then retired to be a farmer
  • George Stephen West (1876–1919), professor of natural history 1899–1906
  • John Wrightson (1840–1916), founder of Downton Agricultural College
  • Mark Horton, Pro Vice-Chancellor, Research & Enterprise from 2021[27]
  • Cassie Newland, Senior Lecturer in Cultural Heritage, Director of the Cultural Heritage Institute[28]

Alumni edit

Royal Agricultural University graduates have won a number of awards and prizes, including the Farmers Weekly Young Farmer Of The Year Award (James Price 2009[29] and Adrian Ivory 2008[30]).

Notable students from the institution include:

Arts and Media

Peerage

Politics

Sports

Other

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d "Where do HE students study?". Higher Education Statistics Agency. Retrieved 1 March 2020.
  2. ^ "Complete University Guide 2024". The Complete University Guide. 7 June 2023.
  3. ^ The Times Friday, 15 August 1845; pg. 6; Issue 19003; col D
  4. ^ RAU - History & Heritage 17 November 2015 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved on 14 November 2015.
  5. ^ The American Journal of Education, Volume 22, Henry Barnard, F.C. Brownell, 1871
  6. ^ The History of the Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester Roger Sayce, p.1
  7. ^ Historic England. "Royal Agricultural College - Cirencester (1187418)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
  8. ^ "BBC News – "New" Universities Set to Be Created in England". BBC News. 23 November 2012. from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
  9. ^ . RAU.ac.uk. 20 December 2013. Archived from the original on 24 November 2015. Retrieved 23 November 2015.
  10. ^ "Cultural Heritage Institute (RAU Swindon) | Royal Agricultural University". www.rau.ac.uk. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
  11. ^ "Did you know ...? | Royal Agricultural University".
  12. ^ "Royal Agricultural University leaps up 22 places in prestigious university rankings list". www.rau.ac.uk. 9 June 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
  13. ^ RAU.ac.uk/about-us/farms
  14. ^ "RAU – John Oldacre Rural Innovation Centre". Rau.ac.uk. from the original on 26 December 2014. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
  15. ^ "RAU – Sports and Clubs". Rau.ac.uk. from the original on 21 November 2014. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
  16. ^ "RAU website". from the original on 28 October 2013. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
  17. ^ "New assessment commends world-leading research carried out at Royal Agricultural University | Royal Agricultural University". www.rau.ac.uk. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
  18. ^ "Royal Agricultural University excels in this year's Knowledge Exchange Framework". 2 December 2022.
  19. ^ "Library". Royal Agricultural University. from the original on 12 January 2020. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
  20. ^ Davis, Barney (7 February 2023). "Royal Agriculture University students parade dead fox on top of car". Evening Standard. Retrieved 28 April 2023.
  21. ^ "Cotswold Hunt suspended after claims that fox was buried alive". Cotswold Journal. Retrieved 28 April 2023.
  22. ^ "Why RAU?". Royal Agricultural University. from the original on 11 January 2018. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
  23. ^ "The Government Model Farm". Adelaide Observer (SA : 1843 - 1904). SA: National Library of Australia. 5 August 1882. p. 9. Retrieved 7 July 2015.
  24. ^ "Sir Emrys Jones". Telegraph.co.uk. 14 July 2000. from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
  25. ^ "RAU – Buildings". Rau.ac.uk. from the original on 10 January 2015. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
  26. ^ "RAU – Sir Emrys Jones Memorial Trust Scholarships". Rau.ac.uk. from the original on 9 May 2015. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
  27. ^ "Professor Mark Horton | Royal Agricultural University". www.rau.ac.uk. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
  28. ^ "Dr Cassie Newland | Royal Agricultural University". www.rau.ac.uk. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
  29. ^ "FW Awards 2009 winner: Young Farmer of the Year – James Price – Farmers Weekly". Farmers Weekly. 9 October 2009. from the original on 2 April 2010. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
  30. ^ "Adrian Ivory crowned Farmers Weekly Farmer of the Year". Farmers Weekly. 27 October 2008. from the original on 13 November 2010. Retrieved 3 January 2015.

External links edit

  • Official website

royal, agricultural, university, formerly, royal, agricultural, college, public, university, cirencester, gloucestershire, england, established, 1845, first, agricultural, college, english, speaking, world, university, provides, more, than, land, based, underg. The Royal Agricultural University RAU formerly the Royal Agricultural College is a public university in Cirencester Gloucestershire England Established in 1845 3 it was the first agricultural college in the English speaking world 4 The university provides more than 30 land based undergraduate and postgraduate programmes to students from over 45 countries through the School of Agriculture the School of Business and Entrepreneurship the School of Equine and the School of Real Estate and Land Management Royal Agricultural UniversityMottoLatin Arvorum Cultus Pecorumque from Virgil s Georgics Caring for the Fieldsand the Beasts TypePublicEstablished2013 University status1845 179 years ago 1845 CollegePresidentCharles IIIVice ChancellorProfessor Peter McCafferyStudents1 125 2019 20 1 Undergraduates1 015 2019 20 1 Postgraduates110 2019 20 1 LocationCirencester Gloucestershire England United Kingdom51 32 35 N 1 59 42 W 51 54306 N 1 99500 W 51 54306 1 99500CampusRuralChair of Governing CouncilDame Fiona ReynoldsColours Websitewww wbr rau wbr ac wbr ukRankingsNational rankingsComplete 2024 2 73 Contents 1 History 2 Farms 3 Sport 4 Research 5 Library 6 Controversies 7 Patrons 8 Notable people 8 1 Staff 8 2 Alumni 9 References 10 External linksHistory editThe Royal Agricultural University was founded as the Royal Agricultural College in 1842 5 at a meeting of the Fairford and Cirencester Farmers Club Concerned by the lack of government support for education Robert Jeffreys Brown addressed the meeting on The Advantages of a Specific Education for Agricultural Pursuits 6 A prospectus was circulated a general committee was appointed and Henry Bathurst 4th Earl Bathurst was elected president Funds were raised by public subscription much of the support came from the wealthy landowners and farmers of the day and there was no government support Construction of the main building in Victorian Tudor style began in April 1845 and was designed by S W Daukes and John R Hamilton and built by Thomas Bridges of Cirencester 7 The first 25 students were admitted to the college in September 1845 Queen Victoria granted a royal charter to the college in 1845 and sovereigns have been patrons ever since visiting the college in every reign King Charles III became president in 1982 The college gained full university status in 2013 and changed its name accordingly 8 It had 1 125 students in the 2019 20 academic year 1 and saw a 49 rise in applications between 2008 and 2013 9 In 2021 the RAU expanded with the creation of a Cultural Heritage Institute based in Swindon 10 The university moved up 22 places in the Complete University Guide 2024 coming in at number 73 Of the 130 universities listed it was joint third in achieving the highest change in rank position The RAU also ranked in the top 10 universities in the UK for the best student experience and was the highest ranking university in Gloucestershire according to the Sunday Times Good University Guide 2023 11 12 Farms editThe university operates two farms close to the campus Coates Manor Farm is predominantly arable cropped with some pasture land Fossehill Farm provides polo and hunter livery stabling and associated exercise facilities Harnhill Manor Farm was purchased in 2009 and with Coates Manor Farm totals 13 491 hectares 1 210 acres of land The farm was managed organically for many years but all the land apart from the outdoor pig unit was taken out of organic management In 2011 an old sheep shed at the front of the farm complex was turned into the John Oldacre Rural Innovation Centre a building designed for the training of students and members of the public in vocational skills such as rough terrain forklift truck driving blacksmithing chainsaw and welding course etc The building cost 1 2 Million to transform 14 The JORIC was officially opened in March 2014 by Sir John Beddington and the site was visited in November 2013 by Prince Charles Sport editThe university has a range of sports facilities on campus including a gym an all weather pitch and squash and tennis courts Students participate in a wide range of sports including clay pigeon shooting cricket equestrian field sports hunting fishing and shooting football golf lacrosse hockey netball polo rugby rifle shooting rowing tennis and yachting 15 The Royal Agricultural University is just one of three remaining British universities the others being the University of Cambridge and the University of Oxford to maintain their own beagle pack Founded in 1889 the RAU Beagles is run by the students who whip in and hunt the hounds and until the 2004 hunting ban hunted hares in the countryside around Cirencester 16 Research editIn the Research Excellence Framework REF 2021 52 of the university s research was classed as 3 or 4 meaning it is world leading or internationally excellent In addition half of the university s scientific publications were deemed to be of international quality 17 In Research England s Knowledge Exchange Framework the university was grouped into the STEM cluster small specialist universities in medicine science and engineering ranking second out of the nine institutions in the cluster The university was recognised as having very high or high engagement in five of the seven criteria on which it was judged 18 Library editThe university library holds around 40 000 print volumes nearly 1 000 current journal subscriptions more than 40 000 e books and a growing number of full text databases 19 The main collection is supplemented by a support collection and a historical collection of texts primarily on agriculture and estate land management dating back to the 16th century The library also holds the RAU archive a collection of documents relating to the institution since its foundation Controversies editIn April 2023 the university was criticised by animal rights activists after students tied a dead fox to the roof of a car during a charity event 20 Similarly on the 29th of March 2023 it was reported by Channel 4 News that the Royal Agricultural College Beagles were allegedly hare coursing an act that has been illegal since 2005 21 Patrons editThe patron of RAU was until 1982 the current reigning British monarch at which point King Charles the then heir apparent to the British throne and current King of the United Kingdom took on this role 22 1845 1901 Queen Victoria 1901 1910 King Edward VII 1910 1936 King George V 1936 King Edward VIII 1936 1952 King George VI 1952 1982 Queen Elizabeth II 1982 present King Charles IIINotable people editStaff edit James Buckman professor of geology botany and zoology from 1848 to 1863 John D Custance professor of agricultural science in the late 1870s later was responsible for establishing Roseworthy Agricultural College in South Australia 23 John Scott on the staff shortly from 1880 later became known as a tractor pioneer Sir Emrys Jones former chief adviser to the Minister of Agriculture from 1967 to 1973 and director of the Government s Agricultural and Development Advisory Service ADAS was principal of the college from 1973 until 1978 He described his time at Cirencester as the most enjoyable period in his life 24 In 2011 a new teaching facility at the college was named in his honour 25 For university applicants with a connection to Wales a scholarship has been set up that carries the former principal s name 26 Edward William Prevost Professor of Chemistry 1879 to 1881 then retired to be a farmer George Stephen West 1876 1919 professor of natural history 1899 1906 John Wrightson 1840 1916 founder of Downton Agricultural College Mark Horton Pro Vice Chancellor Research amp Enterprise from 2021 27 Cassie Newland Senior Lecturer in Cultural Heritage Director of the Cultural Heritage Institute 28 Alumni edit See also Category Alumni of the Royal Agricultural University Royal Agricultural University graduates have won a number of awards and prizes including the Farmers Weekly Young Farmer Of The Year Award James Price 2009 29 and Adrian Ivory 2008 30 Notable students from the institution include Arts and Media Mark Bence Jones writer Jonathan Dimbleby television personality and political commentator Dwijendralal Ray Bengali poet Teddy McDonald contemporary artistPeerage Sir John Agnew 6th Baronet Sir Euan Anstruther Gough Calthorpe 3rd Baronet Derek Barber Baron Barber of Tewkesbury Alan Brooke 3rd Viscount Brookeborough Jeremy Browne 11th Marquess of Sligo Torquhil Campbell 13th Duke of Argyll Robin Cayzer 3rd Baron Rotherwick one of the 92 hereditary peers elected to remain in the House of Lords Sir Thomas Chapman 7th Baronet Patrick Chichester 8th Marquess of Donegall David Cunliffe Lister 2nd Earl of Swinton Robin Dundas Earl of Ronaldshay Francis Egerton 7th Duke of Sutherland Nicholas Guy Halsey James Hamilton 5th Duke of Abercorn Gustavus Hamilton Russell 10th Viscount Boyne Lord Nicholas Hervey Charles Kennedy 5th Marquess of Ailsa Prince Jonah Kuhio Kalanianaole of Hawaii John Lowry Corry 8th Earl Belmore John Lyttelton 11th Viscount Cobham David Ogilvy 13th Earl of Airlie William Peel 3rd Earl Peel Eric Saumarez 7th Baron de Saumarez Malcolm Sinclair 20th Earl of Caithness Henry Somerset 12th Duke of Beaufort FitzRoy Somerset 5th Baron Raglan John Spencer 8th Earl Spencer James Spencer Churchill 12th Duke of Marlborough Patrick Stopford 9th Earl of Courtown Luke White 6th Baron Annaly Sir John Wills 4th BaronetPolitics Stuart Agnew UK Independence Party MEP Richard Benyon Member of Parliament William Bridges Maxwell Australian politician Sandy Bruce Lockhart Julian Cayo Evans Michael Colvin former Member of Parliament Simon Coveney Tanaiste Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade and Deputy Leader of Fine Gael Richard Drax Member of Parliament Simon Hart Member of Parliament for Carmarthen West and South Pembrokeshire Timothy Kitson former MP Roger Knapman former leader of UKIP Arthur Nichols Australian politician Joseph Xavier Perrault Henry Plumb Baron Plumb former chairman of the NFU and politician James Provan former MEP Edward Cephas John Stevens Noel Stirling Austin Arnold WallingerSports Algernon Bligh Somerset County cricketer Mark Anthony Peter Phillips former husband of the Princess Royal Great Britain equestrian rider cross country course designer Jason Little Australian rugby union player Ben Clarke England British Lions and Bath rugby union player Tim Payne England British Lions and Wasps rugby union player Peter Walton Scotland British Lions and Newcastle rugby union player Marcus Armytage National Hunt jockey Henry Cecil race horse trainer Aubrey Jackman tattooist Nigel Gadsby England cricketer Arthur Sclater Sussex County cricketer Richard Nancekivell Cornwall and Northampton Saints rugby union player John Pullin England British Lions and Bristol rugby union Player Andrew Balding racehorse trainer Nicky Henderson racehorse trainer Lisa Wooding England and Great Britain hockey player Olympian Mike Tucker equestrian and agricultural show commentatorOther Richard Abel Smith Miguel de Avendano James Buckman Charlotte Clark Michael Coulson barrister Tim Heywood Chris Keeble soldier The Parachute Regiment and Harris Manchester College University of Oxford Eleanor Anne Ormerod Edward Packard businessman born 1843 son of the founder of Fisons fertiliser Baron Rathcreedan pedigree cow auctioneer Sir Wilfred de Soysa Augustus Voelcker professor of agricultural chemistry John Wrightson founder of Downton Agricultural College nbsp James Hamilton 5th Duke of Abercorn nbsp UKIP MEP Stuart Agnew nbsp Conservative MP Richard Benyon nbsp Irish Cabinet Minister Simon Coveney nbsp England Rugby player Tim PayneReferences edit a b c d Where do HE students study Higher Education Statistics Agency Retrieved 1 March 2020 Complete University Guide 2024 The Complete University Guide 7 June 2023 The Times Friday 15 August 1845 pg 6 Issue 19003 col D RAU History amp Heritage Archived 17 November 2015 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on 14 November 2015 The American Journal of Education Volume 22 Henry Barnard F C Brownell 1871 The History of the Royal Agricultural College Cirencester Roger Sayce p 1 Historic England Royal Agricultural College Cirencester 1187418 National Heritage List for England Retrieved 15 October 2017 BBC News New Universities Set to Be Created in England BBC News 23 November 2012 Archived from the original on 17 October 2014 Retrieved 3 January 2015 RAU welcomes more students as UCAS applications hit record high RAU ac uk 20 December 2013 Archived from the original on 24 November 2015 Retrieved 23 November 2015 Cultural Heritage Institute RAU Swindon Royal Agricultural University www rau ac uk Retrieved 18 April 2023 Did you know Royal Agricultural University Royal Agricultural University leaps up 22 places in prestigious university rankings list www rau ac uk 9 June 2023 Retrieved 1 July 2023 RAU ac uk about us farms RAU John Oldacre Rural Innovation Centre Rau ac uk Archived from the original on 26 December 2014 Retrieved 3 January 2015 RAU Sports and Clubs Rau ac uk Archived from the original on 21 November 2014 Retrieved 3 January 2015 RAU website Archived from the original on 28 October 2013 Retrieved 7 November 2013 New assessment commends world leading research carried out at Royal Agricultural University Royal Agricultural University www rau ac uk Retrieved 6 January 2023 Royal Agricultural University excels in this year s Knowledge Exchange Framework 2 December 2022 Library Royal Agricultural University Archived from the original on 12 January 2020 Retrieved 23 July 2020 Davis Barney 7 February 2023 Royal Agriculture University students parade dead fox on top of car Evening Standard Retrieved 28 April 2023 Cotswold Hunt suspended after claims that fox was buried alive Cotswold Journal Retrieved 28 April 2023 Why RAU Royal Agricultural University Archived from the original on 11 January 2018 Retrieved 11 January 2018 The Government Model Farm Adelaide Observer SA 1843 1904 SA National Library of Australia 5 August 1882 p 9 Retrieved 7 July 2015 Sir Emrys Jones Telegraph co uk 14 July 2000 Archived from the original on 25 September 2015 Retrieved 3 January 2015 RAU Buildings Rau ac uk Archived from the original on 10 January 2015 Retrieved 3 January 2015 RAU Sir Emrys Jones Memorial Trust Scholarships Rau ac uk Archived from the original on 9 May 2015 Retrieved 3 January 2015 Professor Mark Horton Royal Agricultural University www rau ac uk Retrieved 18 April 2023 Dr Cassie Newland Royal Agricultural University www rau ac uk Retrieved 18 April 2023 FW Awards 2009 winner Young Farmer of the Year James Price Farmers Weekly Farmers Weekly 9 October 2009 Archived from the original on 2 April 2010 Retrieved 3 January 2015 Adrian Ivory crowned Farmers Weekly Farmer of the Year Farmers Weekly 27 October 2008 Archived from the original on 13 November 2010 Retrieved 3 January 2015 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Royal Agricultural University Cirencester Official website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Royal Agricultural University amp oldid 1182774632, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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