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Rossiya Bank

January 01, 1970

The Rossiya Bank (Bank Rossiya (Russian: Банк «Росси́я»), in Russian: Акционерный коммерческий банк Россия, АКБ Россия) is a Russian joint stock bank founded on June 27, 1990. The company's headquarters are in Saint Petersburg.

Bank Rossiya
Company typePublic company joint stock company
IndustryFinancial services
Founded1990; 34 years ago (1990)
HeadquartersSaint Petersburg, Russia
Key people
Kirill Krivoschekov, CEO
Yury Kovalchuk, Board chairman
ProductsFinancial services
Revenue71,098,900,000 Russian ruble (2017) 
RatingA+ (ACRA) (2017)[1]
Websitewww.abr.ru

The bank has been associated with the Vladimir Putin regime in Russia. The Pandora Papers leak revealed that the bank built a network of shadow companies that kept offshore wealth for Russian elites.[2]

History edit

 
Rossiya's Headquarters on Rastrelli Square [ru] in Saint Petersburg

Communist Party ownership and 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt edit

On August 23, 1990, a secret memorandum from Vladimir A. Ivashko, who was Gorbachev's deputy general secretary, was issued to organize the transfer of CPSU funds, CPSU financing and support of its operations through associations, ventures, foundations, etc. which are to act as invisible economics.[3][4][a] Bank Rossiya was one of the hundreds of entreprises that CPSU financiers used to funnel the party gold away.[6]

In 1990, the CPSU committee of the Leningrad Oblast became Rossiya Bank largest shareholder (48.4%),[7][8][c] but after the coup attempt in August 1991 the bank's activity was frozen on 2 September 1991 as it was CPSU-related.[6][14] It was the first commercial bank to hold accounts for the foreign economic operations of both the regional committee of the CPSU and the local management of the KGB.[d]

In December 1991 its activity was resumed, as the shares had been redeemed on 29 December 1991 by some member ventures of the Leningrad Association of Joint Ventures,[e] shares of which were held by Vladimir Yakunin, Yuriy Kovalchuk, Mikhail Markov, Viktor Myachin, Andrei Fursenko, Sergey Fursenko, Yury Nikolayev.[14]

JV Neva Chance edit

The Austrian Russian joint venture JV Neva Chance received funds from the Revival of St. Petersburg Foundation (Russian: фонд «Возрождение Петербурга»), which was co-founded by Anatoly Sobchak and its CEO Alexander Margolis (Russian: Александр Марголис).[20][21][f] A Los Angeles branch of the St. Petersburg Foundation was established by Mark Davidovich Lvovich (Russian: Марк Давидович Львович; b. Soviet Union), also known as Mark Neumann (Russian: Марк Нейман), who founded and headed the California firm Trada that received several hundred thousand dollars of "funds of UNI-REM" (Russian: "УНИ-РЭМ") which Sergei Bagaev (Russian: Сергей Багаев),[g] a colleague of Anatoly Sobchak at Leningrad University, headed.[23] Leon Weinstein (Russian: Леон Вайнштейн), an assistant to Neuman at the Los Angeles branch, and his wife Gulnara Afanasyeva (Russian: Гульнара Афанасьева) were active with the St. Petersburg Foundation when it sponsored Sobchak's visit to Los Angeles.[23][h]

JV Neva Chance established thirty companies including JV Casino Neva.[20]

Putin's capital support from Leningrad casinos edit

Beginning in 1991, Vladimir Putin was St Petersburg's chairman of the supervisory board for casinos and gambling (Russian: Председатель наблюдательного совета по казино и азартным играм) and, in 1993, began issuing gambling licenses in which shares were gained by the city of St Petersburg in the company Neva Chance (Russian: «Нева-Шанс») which owned the first St Petersburg casino AOZT Casino (Russian: АОЗТ «Казино») because it had the same address and phone numbers as city hall, but later it became JV Casino Neva (Russian: СП «Казино Нева») and opened on 19 August 1991.[24][25][26][27][28][i] In 1992 or 1993 it changed its name to Laguna, then in 1997 to Admiral Club or more simply known as Admiral.[27] According to the Yakuza Kinichi Kamiyasu[33] who supplied slot machines with cash prizes to St Petersburg casinos in the 1990s from his Stockholm, Sweden, company Dyna Computer Service AB which was a subsidiary of the Masimichi Iida (Japanese: 飯田正道) (Russian: брата шефа Киничи из Осака Ииды Мисамичи the brother of Chef Kinichi from Osaka, Iida Misamichi) owned Osaka firm, Dyna Company Ltd.,[34] the criminals Gennady Petrov (Russian: Геннадий Петров),[35] Alexander Malyshev (Russian: Александр Малышев),[36] and Sergey Kuzmin (Russian: Сергей Кузьмин) operated the casino through a Vladimir Putin issued license in order to establish JV Petrodin (Russian: СП «Петродин») in 1991.[27] JV Petrodin, which Kamiyasu owned a 35% stake and Gennady Petrov and Sergey Kuzmin owned a 65% stake through their company BXM (Russian: «БХМ»), used the money from the casinos to provide capital for Bank Rossiya.[27][28][37][38]

Capital outflows from the Soviet Union and Russia edit

In March 1992, the Yeltsin government contracted Kroll Associates to track down and find very large sums of money that had been removed from the Soviet Union prior to the August 1991 putsch on the Russian White House.[39][40] In 1992, First Deputy Prime Minister Yegor Timurovich Gaidar said, "Last year saw large-scale privatization by the nomenklatura, privatization by officials for their own personal benefit."[41] Gaidar called the Communists and KGB officials criminals and that a "a vigorous search" for the money trails from state-owned capital had flowed abroad virtually unchecked before the collapse of the Soviet Union in the summer of 1991.[40] On March 15, 1992, the Russian government froze all capital outflows from Russia.[40] On April 4, 1992, Yeltsin issued “The fight against corruption in the public service” decree to provide for maximum transparency of officials and their institutions by providing a listing of their financial obligations, liabilities, securities, income, bank deposits, real estate holdings and their personal property and to prohibit officials from owning businesses.[42] In April 1992, Kroll Associates began their investigations with Joseph Serio heading the Kroll Associates efforts in Moscow.[43][j] Also, Joseph Rosetti, the vice chairman of Kroll Associates, was in Moscow to assist.[40] The Kroll Associates determined that more than $14 billion in 1991 real dollars had been transferred from Switzerland to New York prior to the August 1991 putsch.[41] Also, the Communist Party of the former Soviet Union along with other government agencies, such as the KGB, had transferred more than $40 billion in 2014 real dollars out of the country.[45][k] The assests of the Vneshekonombank were frozen during the investigation.[41] However, numerous transactions occurred to bypass the capital flow restrictions often with the British Barclays Bank in Cyprus acting a money laundering center for public officials from Saint Petersburg and Moscow.[41][l] According to Valery Makharadze, the government's chief inspector, many joint stock companies were formed to provide an illegal means for capital outflows from Russia, such as the Leningrad Association of Joint Ventures[m] and KOLO.[47][41][n] Numerous officials became wealthy Russian oligarchs including numerous former KGB officials, prominent Communists such as Oleg Belyakov and other former Communists who headed the party Central Committee department that dealt with the defense industry, as well as Leonid Kravchenko, who was the former head of the state television and radio company.[41] Jules Kroll, the head of the Kroll Associates, uncovered hundreds of illicit transactions with massive capital outflows.[48] This outflow of capital from the Soviet Union and Russia directly contributed to severe economic conditions in Russia during Boris Yeltsin's second term, leading to its collapse, and resulting in the age of Vladimir Putin as the President of Russia.[39]

Organized crime links edit

From 1998 to 2000 OCG Organized Crime Gang Tambov Gang leaders Gennady Petrov and Sergei Kuzmin each owned 2.2% of bank shares, and they were represented at meetings by Andrei Shumkov, who sat on the Bank's board of directors from 1998 to 2000 (as the Vedomosti business newspaper reported). In 1998 and 1999, 14.2% of Rossia's stock belonged to the St Petersburg firms Ergen, Forward Ltd and Fuel Investment Company (TIK), all associated with Mr Shumkov. Mr Shumkov and Mr Kuzmin owned Ergen, while BKhM and Finance Petroleum Company, both affiliated with Mr Kuzmin and Mr Petrov, were TIK co-owners.[49]

Putin as president of Russia edit

As of January 1, 2005, its major shareholders were Yuriy Kovalchuk with 37.6%, Nikolai Shamalov with 9.7%, Dmitry Gorelov with 9.7% and Alexei Mordashov's Severstal group with 8.8%.[7][8][14] As of 2006, its major shareholders were Yuriy Kovalchuk (30.4%), Dmitry Gorelov (12.58%), Nikolay Shamalov (12.58%), JSC Transoil CIS (9.54%), JSC Severstal Group (7.15%), JSC Accept (3.93%) – owned by grandson of Vladimir Putin's uncle Michael Shelomov,[50] JSC Relax (3.65%), "Assistance to Business Initiatives" Non-Commercial Enterprise (3.08%), Russian Federal Property Fund (2.93%).[51]

On December 28, 2006, Fitch Ratings assigned the bank negative ratings (Long Term issuer Default rating B−, Short Term rating B, National Long Term rating BB− (RUS)[52]). As a subsidiary of the bank, ABRos Investment Company, had signed a non-transparent deal aiming to buy a considerable share of the Ren TV Media Holding (see below).[53] During the 2012–13 financial crisis in Cyprus, more than one third (26.3 billion rubles) of Rossiya Bank's total cash (85.4 billion rubles) was frozen in Cypriot accounts.[54][o] On June 28, 2013, its major shareholders were Yuri Kovalchuk 30%, Dmitri Gorelov and Nikolai Shamalov 10.5% each, Gennady Timchenko 8%, Gazprom about 16%, Alexei Mordashov 6%.[54] In October 2021, Svetlana Krivonogikh had a 3% stake in Rossiya Bank.[55]

The U.S. government has characterized Rossiya Bank as Putin’s personal cashbox.[2]

Pandora Papers edit

The Pandora Papers leak revealed that Rossiya Bank built a network of shadow companies that kept offshore wealth for Russian elites.[2]

Sanctions edit

On March 20, 2014, the United States Government Office of Foreign Assets Control added Rossiya Bank to the Specially Designated Nationals List (SDN) as part of sanctions taken in response to the 2014 Crimean crisis, placing restrictions on US trade with the bank.[56][57][58][59] Visa and Mastercard stopped processing the bank's payment as a result.[60]

In response Vladimir Putin announced that he would open a ruble-only account with Bank Rossiya and would make it the primary bank in the newly annexed Crimea as well as giving the right to service payments on Russia's $36 billion wholesale electricity market – which gave the bank $112 million annually from commission charges alone.[61] Bank Rossiya also announced plans to expand into the Crimean market, becoming the first major Russian bank to do so.[60]

As of January 2019, Rossiya Bank has become the most important investor in Russia's development of its annexation of Crimea during the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War.[62]

On February 22, 2022, British Prime Minister Boris Johnson announced sanctions against five banks, including Rossiya Bank.[63] Additional sanctions prohibiting correspondent banking relationships were imposed in December 2023.[64]

Assets worth – historical data edit

Date Asset worth Rank in banks ranking
April 1, 2005 12.2 billion rubles 68 in Russia
October 1, 2006 30.2 billion rubles 44 in Russia
April 1, 2010 105.9 billion rubles 37 in Russia
April 1, 2015 508 billion rubles[65] 17 in Russia
October 1, 2020 1.072 trillion rubles 14 in Russia

Ratings edit

  • In February 2021, Russian rating agency Expert RA assigned Rossiya Bank a rating of "ruAA" with a "stable" outlook.[66]
  • In August 2023, Rossiya Bank entered the top 10 largest credit institutions by volume of deposits in July 2023 in a rating compiled by the financial service Brobank.ru. Experts assessed banks based on criteria such as the volume of time deposits, funds for payments through bank cards and other funds placed with the bank for a predetermined period. As a result, in July the amount of deposits of individuals in Bank Rossiya in July amounted to 204.62 billion rubles.[67]

Management edit

The head of its board of directors were, in order, Vladimir Kolovay and Andrei Katkov. The current head of the board of directors is Yury Kovalchuk, who has held this position since 2004.[68][69][70][71]

Director General and Head of the Management Committee:

  • 1993–1995: Vitaly Savelyev
  • 1995–1998: Viktor Myachin
  • 1998–1999: Mikhail Markov
  • 1999–2004: Viktor Myachin
  • September 2004 – April 2006: Mikhail Klishin[p]
  • April 2006 – June 2023: Dmitri Lebedev (also resigned as a chairman of the Board of Directors)

On September 24, 2004, Viktor Myachin resigned from the Director General position and Mikhail Klishin, who had been the First Deputy Director General and held a 0.197% share, was appointed acting Director General.[74]

On December 10, 2004, Mikhail Klishin was appointed Director General, as the Central Bank of the Russian Federation had agreed to this decision.[75]

On April 3, 2006, the board of directors appointed Dmitry Lebedev Director General and Head of the Management Committee. Mikhail Klishin (holder of a 0.159% share) was appointed First Deputy Director General. The Management Committee appointed on that day: Dmitry Lebedev, Oleg Anufriev, Alexander Germanov, Konstantin Gorbachyov, Faniya Kabalina, Mikhail Klishin, Galina Lebedeva, Alexander Markin, Oleg Filatov.[76]

On December 26, 2006, the board of directors of the Bank elected its new Management Committee consisting of Dmitry Lebedev (Head, Director General), Alexander Germanov, Konstantin Gorbachyov, Faniya Kabalina, Mikhail Klishin, Alexander Markin and Boris Tikhonenko.[77]

Subsidiaries edit

As of 2005, the bank is a shareholder of the following companies[78][79]):

  • JSC ABRos Investment Company (100%)
  • JSC Alfa Invest (100%)
  • JSC ABR Trust (100%)
  • JSC ABR Security Company (100%)
  • JSC ZEST (100%)
  • JSC Sankt-Peterburgskie Vedomosti Editorial House (20%, increased up to 35% in 2005)
  • JSC newspaper Sankt-Peterburgskie Vedomosti (20%, increased up to 35% in 2005[80][81])
  • JSC Fund for Regional Development of St. Petersburg (15%)
  • JSC Center for Innovative Management (10%).
  • JSC Red Chemist (7.36%).

In January 2005 it turned out that ABRos, a subsidiary of the bank, and Accept, one of its shareholders, held a 49.97% share and a 13.5% share of the insurance group SOGAZ Ltd., respectively[82][83] after a 49.979% share of the SOGAZ group had been sold by the Russian gas giant Gazprom to an unnamed purchaser for 1.69 billion rubles on July 26, 2004,[84] and in August 2004 Gazprom had sold 26% more of SOGAZ for 879.3 million rubles.[85][86]

In November 2005 ABRos Investment Company (chairman of the board of Directors since September 11, 2006: Lyubov Sovershaeva)[87] purchased a 37% share of the Petersburg TV and Radio Company.[88][89] Also it owns a considerable share of the Media Holding Ren TV (as of December 2006,[90]) On December 18, 2006 Lyubov Sovershaeva also became the chairman of the board of Directors of the Ren TV Media Holding (replacing Alexey Germanovich, a Severstal Group representative).

As of 2008 and later in 2016, Rossiya Bank has large investments in National Media Group (Russian: Национальная Медиа Группа (НМГ)) both directly and indirectly through its 100% ownership of Abros which has a stake in National Media Group.[6][91][92]

In August 2010, Sobinbank, an asset of Gazenergobank that had been formed by Alexander Mamut, was acquired by Rossiya Bank when it took over Gazenergobank.[93]

In the summer of 2012, ABR Management was established to manage Rossiya Bank's assets.[93]

In 2016, Rossiya Bank's subsidiaries included Channel One, Channel 5, and Ren TV of the National Media Group CJSC, the leasing group Zest, and Sogaz OJSC.[93][94]

In 2018, Rossiya Bank, Yuri Kovalchuk and Nikolai Shamalov through their investments in the National Media Group and its 100% ownership of Synerdzhy LLC (Russian: ООО "Синерджи") and Otkrytie TV LLC (Russian: OOO Открытие ТВ) which is 100% owned by Media allians LLC (Russian: OOO Медиа Альянс) in which Rossiya Bank has an 80% stake, have close relationships with the John C. Malone associated Liberty Media.[92]

Beginning on 20 January 2020, the processing center of JSC AB Russia (Russian: АО «АБ «РОССИЯ») provides processing services for the issue of bank payment cards and support for acquiring projects of Evrofinance Mosnarbank.[95]

Notes edit

  1. ^ Richard L. Palmer, president of Cachet International, Inc., was the CIA station chief at the United States Embassy in Moscow from 1992 to 1994.[4][5]
  2. ^ Russian Video was headed by TV director Dmitry Rozhdestvensky. It was associated with Andrei Balyasnikov, the former Assistant Secretary of the Leningrad City Committee for Ideology, who died in a car accident while Rozhdestvensky headed Russian Video, the retired KGB colonel Vladimir Grunin who was in charge of spying on foreign consulates in Leningrad and Mikhael Mirilashvili, also known as Misha Kutaissky. In 1997, the Media Most Group gained control of Russian Video and Filipp Bobkov, who masterminded the transfer of the Communist Party gold in the early 1990s, headed it until Media Most's liquidation in May 2001.[9][10]
  3. ^ Upon Rossiya Bank's registration on 27 June 1990, the Vladislav Reznik associated firm Russian Video (Russian: "Русское видео")[b] held a 13 million ruble stake compared to the CPSU's 15 million stake which was held by the Leningrad Regional Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union which Arkady Krutikhin (Russian: Аркадий Крутихин) headed.[9] All of the funds for the Russian Video stake came from the Leningrad Regional Committee of the Communist Party, too.[9] Others with stakes were Rus (Russian: Акционерное страховое общество (АСК) "Русь"),[9] an insurance company founded by Aleksey Aleksandrov (Russian: Алексей Иванович Александров) and headed by Vladislav Reznik from 1990 to 1995,[11][12] and Digital Transfer, a Soviet-Belgian company.[13] Rossiya Bank's total capital at registration was 31 million rubles.[13]
  4. ^ The Zürich based law firm Dietrich, Baumgartner & Partners is the main law firm used by the controlling interests at Bank Rossiya. For example, to establish two new Swiss bank accounts at Gazprombank Switzerland in Zürich for the beneficial owner Sergei Roldugin, Vladimir Khotimsky, who is an investment manager at Rossiya Bank, emailed the Zürich law office of Andres Baumgartner, who is an American and is fluent in German, French, English and Russian, with instructions to "pass on Khotimsky’s orders—to enact loans or make share deals—to Mossack Fonseca’s branch office in the same town," and "The Panamanian firm then used its own network of offices in far-flung jurisdictions to operate anonymous shell companies, in the [British Virgin Islands], Panama itself, or Belize."[15][16][17][18][19]
  5. ^ The president of the Saint Petersburg Association of Joint Ventures was Gennady Volodchenko (Russian: Геннадий Володченко) and its CEO of TSA was Vladimir Kozhin (Russian: Владимир Кожин) and Vladimir Putin oversaw its interests from his city office. In 1993, Vitaly Savelyev (Russian: Виталий Савельев) became the advisor to the board of Rossiya Bank.
  6. ^ In the 1990s, Alexander Valerievich Sobchak (Russian: Александр Валерьевич Собчак) who is a nephew of Anatoly Sobchak founded numerous strip clubs and escort companies in St Petersburg.[21][22]
  7. ^ In September 1996, Sergei Bagaev was murdered in Saint Petersburg on Shpalernaya Street (Russian: Шпалерная улица)[23]
  8. ^ Upon Sobchak's arrival in Los Angeles, Mark Neuman, Leon Weinstein, and Gulnara Afanasyeva met Sobchak.[23]
  9. ^ The Austrian Russian Joint Venture JV Neva Chance formed the St. Petersburg casino Neva Chance which was registered in May 1992 and established in 1993.[29] Its co-owners were Novomatic with nearly all its shares and "Neva-Chance" (AOZT "Casino") which had the same address as Vladimir Putin's Committee for External Relations and according to law was supposed to own a share in every St Petersburg casino.[29] The telephone number for "Neva-Chance", JV Casino Neva, and Putin's Committee for External Relations was exactly the same, too.[29] Neva Chance changed its name several times eventually becoming in 1997 the Admiral-Club, however its taxpayer identification number and its registration location at Antonenko Street, 6, had never changed.[29] Through the Swedish Russian Joint Venture JV Petrodin, proceeds from this casino or chorny mal, which Viktor Zolotov acquired for Vladimir Putin, were used as capital to establish Bank Rossiya.[29][30][31][32] Several prestigiously located casinos around St Petersbug are called Admiral.[29]
  10. ^ From 1990-1, Joseph Serio, an American, worked with the Soviet Interior Ministry as an American liaison.[44]
  11. ^ Other estimates show that the KGB had removed $50 billion in 1992 real dollars.[40]
  12. ^ Vladimir Putin was in charge of the Committee for Foreign Liaison, (Russian: комитет внешних связей), the Committee for Foreign Economic Relations, or the Committee for External Relations during this period. Later, he was the advisor to Anatoly Sobchak until June 1991 while Sobchak headed the Leningrad City Council from May 1990 to June 1991. After Sobchak became the Mayor of Saint Petersburg, Putin became Sobchak's first deputy and later Sobchak's first deputy mayor. By 1990, Sobchak was reviled by the KGB for his uncovering of numerous irregularities and illegal actions by the KGB and former KGB officials.[46]
  13. ^ The Leningrad Association of Joint Ventures was formed in 1990 and had two joint ventures with Germany, one with the United States, and one with Finland (FILCO).[47]
  14. ^ KOLO removed part of the assets of six defense and space complex firms.[41]
  15. ^ In 2013, this was equal to one billion United States dollars.[54]
  16. ^ Mikhail Alekseevich Klishin (Russian: Михаил Алексеевич Клишин) (b. October 9, 1954) graduated from the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute (Russian: Ленинградский политехнический институт) with a degree in metallurgical engineering in 1980 and from the International Banking Institute (Russian: Международный банковский институт) in St. Petersburg in 1998. From 1980-1992, he was KGB in the management of the Leningrad Oblast, Soviet Union. From 1992-1995, he was Deputy General Director of Avanburg Joint Venture (JV) (Russian: СП “Аванбург”) which was established 18 November 1991 and liquidated 22 January 2007.[72][73] From 1995 to 1997, he headed the Credit Department of the Rossiya Bank. In 1997-1998, he headed the credit department of the St. Petersburg branch of Tokobank (Russian: Токобанк). In 1998, he was appointed Deputy General Director of Rossiya Bank and, in 1999, he became First Deputy General Director of Rossiya Bank.[7][8]

References edit

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External links edit

  •   Media related to Rossiya Bank at Wikimedia Commons
  • Official website (in Russian)
  • Bank Rossiya Emerges From Shadows The Moscow Times July 10, 2008
  • Dynamic tycoon is close associate of Putin by Julian Evans, The Times, May 27, 2006.
  • , Kommersant, March 27, 2006.
  • Anna Shcherbakova. Interview with Mikhail Klishin, Director general of the Russia Bank. Vedomosti #35(1316), March 1, 2005. (in Russian)
  • by Vladimir Pribylovsky. Ms., October 11, 2005. (in Russian)
  • The Russia Bank, Map of property in St. Petersburg (in Russian).
  • , Sankt-Peterburgskie Vedomosti, July 9, 2005 (in Russian).
  • Interfax (in Russian)
  • Interfax (in Russian)
  • Interfax (in Russian)
  • Interfax (in Russian)
  • Interfax (in Russian)
  • Interfax (in Russian)
  • Interfax (in Russian)
  • Putin's Kleptocracy by Karen Dawisha. on January 29, 2020.

January 01, 1970
rossiya, bank, this, article, lead, section, short, adequately, summarize, points, please, consider, expanding, lead, provide, accessible, overview, important, aspects, article, october, 2022, bank, rossiya, russian, Банк, Росси, russian, Акционерный, коммерче. This article s lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article October 2022 The Rossiya Bank Bank Rossiya Russian Bank Rossi ya in Russian Akcionernyj kommercheskij bank Rossiya AKB Rossiya is a Russian joint stock bank founded on June 27 1990 The company s headquarters are in Saint Petersburg Bank RossiyaCompany typePublic company joint stock companyIndustryFinancial servicesFounded1990 34 years ago 1990 HeadquartersSaint Petersburg RussiaKey peopleKirill Krivoschekov CEO Yury Kovalchuk Board chairmanProductsFinancial servicesRevenue71 098 900 000 Russian ruble 2017 RatingA ACRA 2017 1 Websitewww abr ru The bank has been associated with the Vladimir Putin regime in Russia The Pandora Papers leak revealed that the bank built a network of shadow companies that kept offshore wealth for Russian elites 2 Contents 1 History 1 1 Communist Party ownership and 1991 Soviet coup d etat attempt 1 2 JV Neva Chance 1 3 Putin s capital support from Leningrad casinos 1 4 Capital outflows from the Soviet Union and Russia 1 5 Organized crime links 1 6 Putin as president of Russia 1 7 Pandora Papers 2 Sanctions 3 Assets worth historical data 4 Ratings 5 Management 6 Subsidiaries 7 Notes 8 References 9 External linksHistory edit nbsp Rossiya s Headquarters on Rastrelli Square ru in Saint Petersburg Communist Party ownership and 1991 Soviet coup d etat attempt edit On August 23 1990 a secret memorandum from Vladimir A Ivashko who was Gorbachev s deputy general secretary was issued to organize the transfer of CPSU funds CPSU financing and support of its operations through associations ventures foundations etc which are to act as invisible economics 3 4 a Bank Rossiya was one of the hundreds of entreprises that CPSU financiers used to funnel the party gold away 6 In 1990 the CPSU committee of the Leningrad Oblast became Rossiya Bank largest shareholder 48 4 7 8 c but after the coup attempt in August 1991 the bank s activity was frozen on 2 September 1991 as it was CPSU related 6 14 It was the first commercial bank to hold accounts for the foreign economic operations of both the regional committee of the CPSU and the local management of the KGB d In December 1991 its activity was resumed as the shares had been redeemed on 29 December 1991 by some member ventures of the Leningrad Association of Joint Ventures e shares of which were held by Vladimir Yakunin Yuriy Kovalchuk Mikhail Markov Viktor Myachin Andrei Fursenko Sergey Fursenko Yury Nikolayev 14 JV Neva Chance edit The Austrian Russian joint venture JV Neva Chance received funds from the Revival of St Petersburg Foundation Russian fond Vozrozhdenie Peterburga which was co founded by Anatoly Sobchak and its CEO Alexander Margolis Russian Aleksandr Margolis 20 21 f A Los Angeles branch of the St Petersburg Foundation was established by Mark Davidovich Lvovich Russian Mark Davidovich Lvovich b Soviet Union also known as Mark Neumann Russian Mark Nejman who founded and headed the California firm Trada that received several hundred thousand dollars of funds of UNI REM Russian UNI REM which Sergei Bagaev Russian Sergej Bagaev g a colleague of Anatoly Sobchak at Leningrad University headed 23 Leon Weinstein Russian Leon Vajnshtejn an assistant to Neuman at the Los Angeles branch and his wife Gulnara Afanasyeva Russian Gulnara Afanaseva were active with the St Petersburg Foundation when it sponsored Sobchak s visit to Los Angeles 23 h JV Neva Chance established thirty companies including JV Casino Neva 20 Putin s capital support from Leningrad casinos edit Beginning in 1991 Vladimir Putin was St Petersburg s chairman of the supervisory board for casinos and gambling Russian Predsedatel nablyudatelnogo soveta po kazino i azartnym igram and in 1993 began issuing gambling licenses in which shares were gained by the city of St Petersburg in the company Neva Chance Russian Neva Shans which owned the first St Petersburg casino AOZT Casino Russian AOZT Kazino because it had the same address and phone numbers as city hall but later it became JV Casino Neva Russian SP Kazino Neva and opened on 19 August 1991 24 25 26 27 28 i In 1992 or 1993 it changed its name to Laguna then in 1997 to Admiral Club or more simply known as Admiral 27 According to the Yakuza Kinichi Kamiyasu 33 who supplied slot machines with cash prizes to St Petersburg casinos in the 1990s from his Stockholm Sweden company Dyna Computer Service AB which was a subsidiary of the Masimichi Iida Japanese 飯田正道 Russian brata shefa Kinichi iz Osaka Iidy Misamichi the brother of Chef Kinichi from Osaka Iida Misamichi owned Osaka firm Dyna Company Ltd 34 the criminals Gennady Petrov Russian Gennadij Petrov 35 Alexander Malyshev Russian Aleksandr Malyshev 36 and Sergey Kuzmin Russian Sergej Kuzmin operated the casino through a Vladimir Putin issued license in order to establish JV Petrodin Russian SP Petrodin in 1991 27 JV Petrodin which Kamiyasu owned a 35 stake and Gennady Petrov and Sergey Kuzmin owned a 65 stake through their company BXM Russian BHM used the money from the casinos to provide capital for Bank Rossiya 27 28 37 38 Capital outflows from the Soviet Union and Russia edit In March 1992 the Yeltsin government contracted Kroll Associates to track down and find very large sums of money that had been removed from the Soviet Union prior to the August 1991 putsch on the Russian White House 39 40 In 1992 First Deputy Prime Minister Yegor Timurovich Gaidar said Last year saw large scale privatization by the nomenklatura privatization by officials for their own personal benefit 41 Gaidar called the Communists and KGB officials criminals and that a a vigorous search for the money trails from state owned capital had flowed abroad virtually unchecked before the collapse of the Soviet Union in the summer of 1991 40 On March 15 1992 the Russian government froze all capital outflows from Russia 40 On April 4 1992 Yeltsin issued The fight against corruption in the public service decree to provide for maximum transparency of officials and their institutions by providing a listing of their financial obligations liabilities securities income bank deposits real estate holdings and their personal property and to prohibit officials from owning businesses 42 In April 1992 Kroll Associates began their investigations with Joseph Serio heading the Kroll Associates efforts in Moscow 43 j Also Joseph Rosetti the vice chairman of Kroll Associates was in Moscow to assist 40 The Kroll Associates determined that more than 14 billion in 1991 real dollars had been transferred from Switzerland to New York prior to the August 1991 putsch 41 Also the Communist Party of the former Soviet Union along with other government agencies such as the KGB had transferred more than 40 billion in 2014 real dollars out of the country 45 k The assests of the Vneshekonombank were frozen during the investigation 41 However numerous transactions occurred to bypass the capital flow restrictions often with the British Barclays Bank in Cyprus acting a money laundering center for public officials from Saint Petersburg and Moscow 41 l According to Valery Makharadze the government s chief inspector many joint stock companies were formed to provide an illegal means for capital outflows from Russia such as the Leningrad Association of Joint Ventures m and KOLO 47 41 n Numerous officials became wealthy Russian oligarchs including numerous former KGB officials prominent Communists such as Oleg Belyakov and other former Communists who headed the party Central Committee department that dealt with the defense industry as well as Leonid Kravchenko who was the former head of the state television and radio company 41 Jules Kroll the head of the Kroll Associates uncovered hundreds of illicit transactions with massive capital outflows 48 This outflow of capital from the Soviet Union and Russia directly contributed to severe economic conditions in Russia during Boris Yeltsin s second term leading to its collapse and resulting in the age of Vladimir Putin as the President of Russia 39 Organized crime links edit From 1998 to 2000 OCG Organized Crime Gang Tambov Gang leaders Gennady Petrov and Sergei Kuzmin each owned 2 2 of bank shares and they were represented at meetings by Andrei Shumkov who sat on the Bank s board of directors from 1998 to 2000 as the Vedomosti business newspaper reported In 1998 and 1999 14 2 of Rossia s stock belonged to the St Petersburg firms Ergen Forward Ltd and Fuel Investment Company TIK all associated with Mr Shumkov Mr Shumkov and Mr Kuzmin owned Ergen while BKhM and Finance Petroleum Company both affiliated with Mr Kuzmin and Mr Petrov were TIK co owners 49 Putin as president of Russia edit As of January 1 2005 its major shareholders were Yuriy Kovalchuk with 37 6 Nikolai Shamalov with 9 7 Dmitry Gorelov with 9 7 and Alexei Mordashov s Severstal group with 8 8 7 8 14 As of 2006 its major shareholders were Yuriy Kovalchuk 30 4 Dmitry Gorelov 12 58 Nikolay Shamalov 12 58 JSC Transoil CIS 9 54 JSC Severstal Group 7 15 JSC Accept 3 93 owned by grandson of Vladimir Putin s uncle Michael Shelomov 50 JSC Relax 3 65 Assistance to Business Initiatives Non Commercial Enterprise 3 08 Russian Federal Property Fund 2 93 51 On December 28 2006 Fitch Ratings assigned the bank negative ratings Long Term issuer Default rating B Short Term rating B National Long Term rating BB RUS 52 As a subsidiary of the bank ABRos Investment Company had signed a non transparent deal aiming to buy a considerable share of the Ren TV Media Holding see below 53 During the 2012 13 financial crisis in Cyprus more than one third 26 3 billion rubles of Rossiya Bank s total cash 85 4 billion rubles was frozen in Cypriot accounts 54 o On June 28 2013 its major shareholders were Yuri Kovalchuk 30 Dmitri Gorelov and Nikolai Shamalov 10 5 each Gennady Timchenko 8 Gazprom about 16 Alexei Mordashov 6 54 In October 2021 Svetlana Krivonogikh had a 3 stake in Rossiya Bank 55 The U S government has characterized Rossiya Bank as Putin s personal cashbox 2 Pandora Papers edit The Pandora Papers leak revealed that Rossiya Bank built a network of shadow companies that kept offshore wealth for Russian elites 2 Sanctions editOn March 20 2014 the United States Government Office of Foreign Assets Control added Rossiya Bank to the Specially Designated Nationals List SDN as part of sanctions taken in response to the 2014 Crimean crisis placing restrictions on US trade with the bank 56 57 58 59 Visa and Mastercard stopped processing the bank s payment as a result 60 In response Vladimir Putin announced that he would open a ruble only account with Bank Rossiya and would make it the primary bank in the newly annexed Crimea as well as giving the right to service payments on Russia s 36 billion wholesale electricity market which gave the bank 112 million annually from commission charges alone 61 Bank Rossiya also announced plans to expand into the Crimean market becoming the first major Russian bank to do so 60 As of January 2019 Rossiya Bank has become the most important investor in Russia s development of its annexation of Crimea during the ongoing Russo Ukrainian War 62 On February 22 2022 British Prime Minister Boris Johnson announced sanctions against five banks including Rossiya Bank 63 Additional sanctions prohibiting correspondent banking relationships were imposed in December 2023 64 Assets worth historical data editDate Asset worth Rank in banks ranking April 1 2005 12 2 billion rubles 68 in Russia October 1 2006 30 2 billion rubles 44 in Russia April 1 2010 105 9 billion rubles 37 in Russia April 1 2015 508 billion rubles 65 17 in Russia October 1 2020 1 072 trillion rubles 14 in RussiaRatings editIn February 2021 Russian rating agency Expert RA assigned Rossiya Bank a rating of ruAA with a stable outlook 66 In August 2023 Rossiya Bank entered the top 10 largest credit institutions by volume of deposits in July 2023 in a rating compiled by the financial service Brobank ru Experts assessed banks based on criteria such as the volume of time deposits funds for payments through bank cards and other funds placed with the bank for a predetermined period As a result in July the amount of deposits of individuals in Bank Rossiya in July amounted to 204 62 billion rubles 67 Management editThe head of its board of directors were in order Vladimir Kolovay and Andrei Katkov The current head of the board of directors is Yury Kovalchuk who has held this position since 2004 68 69 70 71 Director General and Head of the Management Committee 1993 1995 Vitaly Savelyev 1995 1998 Viktor Myachin 1998 1999 Mikhail Markov 1999 2004 Viktor Myachin September 2004 April 2006 Mikhail Klishin p April 2006 June 2023 Dmitri Lebedev also resigned as a chairman of the Board of Directors On September 24 2004 Viktor Myachin resigned from the Director General position and Mikhail Klishin who had been the First Deputy Director General and held a 0 197 share was appointed acting Director General 74 On December 10 2004 Mikhail Klishin was appointed Director General as the Central Bank of the Russian Federation had agreed to this decision 75 On April 3 2006 the board of directors appointed Dmitry Lebedev Director General and Head of the Management Committee Mikhail Klishin holder of a 0 159 share was appointed First Deputy Director General The Management Committee appointed on that day Dmitry Lebedev Oleg Anufriev Alexander Germanov Konstantin Gorbachyov Faniya Kabalina Mikhail Klishin Galina Lebedeva Alexander Markin Oleg Filatov 76 On December 26 2006 the board of directors of the Bank elected its new Management Committee consisting of Dmitry Lebedev Head Director General Alexander Germanov Konstantin Gorbachyov Faniya Kabalina Mikhail Klishin Alexander Markin and Boris Tikhonenko 77 Subsidiaries editAs of 2005 the bank is a shareholder of the following companies 78 79 JSC ABRos Investment Company 100 JSC Alfa Invest 100 JSC ABR Trust 100 JSC ABR Security Company 100 JSC ZEST 100 JSC Sankt Peterburgskie Vedomosti Editorial House 20 increased up to 35 in 2005 JSC newspaper Sankt Peterburgskie Vedomosti 20 increased up to 35 in 2005 80 81 JSC Fund for Regional Development of St Petersburg 15 JSC Center for Innovative Management 10 JSC Red Chemist 7 36 In January 2005 it turned out that ABRos a subsidiary of the bank and Accept one of its shareholders held a 49 97 share and a 13 5 share of the insurance group SOGAZ Ltd respectively 82 83 after a 49 979 share of the SOGAZ group had been sold by the Russian gas giant Gazprom to an unnamed purchaser for 1 69 billion rubles on July 26 2004 84 and in August 2004 Gazprom had sold 26 more of SOGAZ for 879 3 million rubles 85 86 In November 2005 ABRos Investment Company chairman of the board of Directors since September 11 2006 Lyubov Sovershaeva 87 purchased a 37 share of the Petersburg TV and Radio Company 88 89 Also it owns a considerable share of the Media Holding Ren TV as of December 2006 90 On December 18 2006 Lyubov Sovershaeva also became the chairman of the board of Directors of the Ren TV Media Holding replacing Alexey Germanovich a Severstal Group representative As of 2008 and later in 2016 Rossiya Bank has large investments in National Media Group Russian Nacionalnaya Media Gruppa NMG both directly and indirectly through its 100 ownership of Abros which has a stake in National Media Group 6 91 92 In August 2010 Sobinbank an asset of Gazenergobank that had been formed by Alexander Mamut was acquired by Rossiya Bank when it took over Gazenergobank 93 In the summer of 2012 ABR Management was established to manage Rossiya Bank s assets 93 In 2016 Rossiya Bank s subsidiaries included Channel One Channel 5 and Ren TV of the National Media Group CJSC the leasing group Zest and Sogaz OJSC 93 94 In 2018 Rossiya Bank Yuri Kovalchuk and Nikolai Shamalov through their investments in the National Media Group and its 100 ownership of Synerdzhy LLC Russian OOO Sinerdzhi and Otkrytie TV LLC Russian OOO Otkrytie TV which is 100 owned by Media allians LLC Russian OOO Media Alyans in which Rossiya Bank has an 80 stake have close relationships with the John C Malone associated Liberty Media 92 Beginning on 20 January 2020 the processing center of JSC AB Russia Russian AO AB ROSSIYa provides processing services for the issue of bank payment cards and support for acquiring projects of Evrofinance Mosnarbank 95 Notes edit Richard L Palmer president of Cachet International Inc was the CIA station chief at the United States Embassy in Moscow from 1992 to 1994 4 5 Russian Video was headed by TV director Dmitry Rozhdestvensky It was associated with Andrei Balyasnikov the former Assistant Secretary of the Leningrad City Committee for Ideology who died in a car accident while Rozhdestvensky headed Russian Video the retired KGB colonel Vladimir Grunin who was in charge of spying on foreign consulates in Leningrad and Mikhael Mirilashvili also known as Misha Kutaissky In 1997 the Media Most Group gained control of Russian Video and Filipp Bobkov who masterminded the transfer of the Communist Party gold in the early 1990s headed it until Media Most s liquidation in May 2001 9 10 Upon Rossiya Bank s registration on 27 June 1990 the Vladislav Reznik associated firm Russian Video Russian Russkoe video b held a 13 million ruble stake compared to the CPSU s 15 million stake which was held by the Leningrad Regional Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union which Arkady Krutikhin Russian Arkadij Krutihin headed 9 All of the funds for the Russian Video stake came from the Leningrad Regional Committee of the Communist Party too 9 Others with stakes were Rus Russian Akcionernoe strahovoe obshestvo ASK Rus 9 an insurance company founded by Aleksey Aleksandrov Russian Aleksej Ivanovich Aleksandrov and headed by Vladislav Reznik from 1990 to 1995 11 12 and Digital Transfer a Soviet Belgian company 13 Rossiya Bank s total capital at registration was 31 million rubles 13 The Zurich based law firm Dietrich Baumgartner amp Partners is the main law firm used by the controlling interests at Bank Rossiya For example to establish two new Swiss bank accounts at Gazprombank Switzerland in Zurich for the beneficial owner Sergei Roldugin Vladimir Khotimsky who is an investment manager at Rossiya Bank emailed the Zurich law office of Andres Baumgartner who is an American and is fluent in German French English and Russian with instructions to pass on Khotimsky s orders to enact loans or make share deals to Mossack Fonseca s branch office in the same town and The Panamanian firm then used its own network of offices in far flung jurisdictions to operate anonymous shell companies in the British Virgin Islands Panama itself or Belize 15 16 17 18 19 The president of the Saint Petersburg Association of Joint Ventures was Gennady Volodchenko Russian Gennadij Volodchenko and its CEO of TSA was Vladimir Kozhin Russian Vladimir Kozhin and Vladimir Putin oversaw its interests from his city office In 1993 Vitaly Savelyev Russian Vitalij Savelev became the advisor to the board of Rossiya Bank In the 1990s Alexander Valerievich Sobchak Russian Aleksandr Valerevich Sobchak who is a nephew of Anatoly Sobchak founded numerous strip clubs and escort companies in St Petersburg 21 22 In September 1996 Sergei Bagaev was murdered in Saint Petersburg on Shpalernaya Street Russian Shpalernaya ulica 23 Upon Sobchak s arrival in Los Angeles Mark Neuman Leon Weinstein and Gulnara Afanasyeva met Sobchak 23 The Austrian Russian Joint Venture JV Neva Chance formed the St Petersburg casino Neva Chance which was registered in May 1992 and established in 1993 29 Its co owners were Novomatic with nearly all its shares and Neva Chance AOZT Casino which had the same address as Vladimir Putin s Committee for External Relations and according to law was supposed to own a share in every St Petersburg casino 29 The telephone number for Neva Chance JV Casino Neva and Putin s Committee for External Relations was exactly the same too 29 Neva Chance changed its name several times eventually becoming in 1997 the Admiral Club however its taxpayer identification number and its registration location at Antonenko Street 6 had never changed 29 Through the Swedish Russian Joint Venture JV Petrodin proceeds from this casino or chorny mal which Viktor Zolotov acquired for Vladimir Putin were used as capital to establish Bank Rossiya 29 30 31 32 Several prestigiously located casinos around St Petersbug are called Admiral 29 From 1990 1 Joseph Serio an American worked with the Soviet Interior Ministry as an American liaison 44 Other estimates show that the KGB had removed 50 billion in 1992 real dollars 40 Vladimir Putin was in charge of the Committee for Foreign Liaison Russian komitet vneshnih svyazej the Committee for Foreign Economic Relations or the Committee for External Relations during this period Later he was the advisor to Anatoly Sobchak until June 1991 while Sobchak headed the Leningrad City Council from May 1990 to June 1991 After Sobchak became the Mayor of Saint Petersburg Putin became Sobchak s first deputy and later Sobchak s first deputy mayor By 1990 Sobchak was reviled by the KGB for his uncovering of numerous irregularities and illegal actions by the KGB and former KGB officials 46 The Leningrad Association of Joint Ventures was formed in 1990 and had two joint ventures with Germany one with the United States and one with Finland FILCO 47 KOLO removed part of the assets of six defense and space complex firms 41 In 2013 this was equal to one billion United States dollars 54 Mikhail Alekseevich Klishin Russian Mihail Alekseevich Klishin b October 9 1954 graduated from the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute Russian Leningradskij politehnicheskij institut with a degree in metallurgical engineering in 1980 and from the International Banking Institute Russian Mezhdunarodnyj bankovskij institut in St Petersburg in 1998 From 1980 1992 he was KGB in the management of the Leningrad Oblast Soviet Union From 1992 1995 he was Deputy General Director of Avanburg Joint Venture JV Russian SP Avanburg which was established 18 November 1991 and liquidated 22 January 2007 72 73 From 1995 to 1997 he headed the Credit Department of the Rossiya Bank In 1997 1998 he headed the credit department of the St Petersburg branch of Tokobank Russian Tokobank In 1998 he was appointed Deputy General Director of Rossiya Bank and in 1999 he became First Deputy General Director of Rossiya Bank 7 8 References edit BANK ROSSIYA ACRA Retrieved August 28 2017 a b c All Putin s Men Secret Records Reveal Money Network Tied to Russian Leader ICIJ April 3 2016 Retrieved February 27 2022 Dobbs Michael Coll Steve February 1 1993 Ex Communists are scrambling for quick cash Washington Post Retrieved November 23 2020 a b Palmer Richard L September 21 1999 Statement of Richard L Palmer president of Cachet International Inc on the Infiltration of the Western Financial System by Elements of Russian Organized Crime before the House Committee on Banking and Financial Services House Committee on Banking and Financial Services Archived from the original on July 29 2019 Retrieved December 7 2020 Foer Franklin March 1 2019 Russian Style Kleptocracy Is Infiltrating America When the U S S R collapsed Washington bet on the global spread of democratic capitalist values and lost The Atlantic Archived from the original on December 8 2020 Retrieved December 7 2020 a b c Yurij Kovalchuk Starshij po Rossii Ni v odnoj zapadnoevropejskoj strane chelovek ne mozhet zarabotat milliardy dollarov za 5 6 let skazal prezident Putin v konce 2003 goda v otvet na vopros ob areste Mihaila Hodorkovskogo Yurij Kovalchuk togda eshe ne byl milliarderom Eto okazalos netrudno ispravit ForbesRussia November 11 2009 Archived from the original on November 11 2009 a b c Anna Shcherbakova Interview with Mikhail Klishin Director General of the Russia Bank Vedomosti 35 1316 March 1 2005 in Russian a b c Sherbakova Anna Scherbakova Anna March 1 2005 Ne vse opredelyaetsya vysokimi procentnymi stavkami Intervyu Mihail Klishin gendirektor banka Rossiya Not everything is determined by high interest rates Interview Mikhail Klishin CEO of Rossiya Bank Vedomosti in Russian No 35 1316 Archived from the original on March 23 2007 Retrieved January 28 2020 via Kompromat Ru Compromat Ru a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link a b c d Nersesov Yurij 23 January 2003 Zhertvy iudejskoj vojny stringer news ru website Retrieved 3 June 2021 Chizhova Lyubov 29 May 2001 Likvidaciya ZAO Media Most Radio Liberty website Retrieved 3 June 2021 Lobbying ru Reznik Vladislav Matusovich October 23 2008 Archived from the original on October 23 2008 Aleksandrov Aleksej Ivanovich biografiya a b AB Rossiya Rossijskij bank vladelec Nacionalnoj Medagruppy i Sogaza lenta ru Archived from the original on July 6 2013 a b c The Origin of Putin s Oligarchy Archived June 21 2006 at the Wayback Machine by Vladimir Pribylovsky Ms October 11 2005 in Russian Andres Baumgartner Dr iur LL M Attorney at Law Dietrich Baumgartner amp Partner Attorneys at Law dbp ch October 13 2023 Archived from the original on October 13 2023 Retrieved October 13 2023 Dietrich Baumgartner amp Partner Attorneys at Law Profile Dietrich Baumgartner amp Partner Attorneys at Law dbp ch October 13 2023 Archived from the original on October 13 2023 Retrieved October 13 2023 Harding Luke April 3 2016 Sergei Roldugin the cellist who holds the key to tracing Putin s hidden fortune The Russian president s best friend portrays himself as a modest musician but leaked documents reveal his role in a secret money go round The Guardian Archived from the original on October 13 2023 Retrieved October 13 2023 Weiss Michael April 13 2017 Panama Papers Russian Mob Connection TANGLED WEB The trove of leaked documents has already revealed the billions swirling around Putin Now a Swiss firm named in the papers appears to have links to Russian organized crime The Daily Beast Archived from the original on October 13 2023 Retrieved October 13 2023 Nietlispach David March 28 2023 Putin s money trails in Switzerland The Medium Archived from the original on October 13 2023 Retrieved October 13 2023 a b Navar na spasenii Kuda ushli sredstva postupivshie na scheta Mezhdunarodnogo blagotvoritelnogo fonda Spaseniya Sankt Peterburga Kompromat Ru Compromat Ru www compromat ru a b Smert nenuzhnogo cheloveka versia na neve livejournal com Archived from the original on October 9 2011 IZVESTIYa RU Konflikty SOBChAK RABOTAL POD MANYaKA Aleksandr ANDRYuHIN June 26 2003 Archived from the original on June 26 2003 a b c d Anatolij Sobchak falshivaya moneta Ten Sobchaka 2 Kompromat Ru Compromat Ru www compromat ru Prigozhin Evgenij Viktorovich Prigozhin Evgeny Viktorovich Zampolit in Russian Retrieved January 8 2020 Rassledovaniya Kto takoj Prigozhin Igornyj biznes piterskaya druzhba restoran v Dome pravitelstva Investigations Who is Prigogine Gambling Petersburg friendship restaurant in the Government House Novaya Gazeta in Russian September 1 2011 Archived from the original on October 30 2018 Retrieved January 14 2020 Petlyanova Nina Petlyanova Nina October 14 2011 Recept uspeha lichnogo povara Putina Pochemu restoratoru Evgeniyu Prigozhinu razreshili kormit nas blyudami kotorye ne portyatsya 21 den Plots The recipe for success for Putin s personal chef Why restaurateur Evgeny Prigozhin was allowed to feed us dishes that do not spoil for 21 days Novaya Gazeta in Russian Archived from the original on April 15 2019 Retrieved January 14 2020 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link a b c d Ivanidze Vladimir Ivanidze Vladimir February 8 2012 Syuzhety Komu Neva dala shans Igornyj biznes v Sankt Peterburge nachinali rossijskie OPG i yaponskie yakudza Pod kontrolem merii Unikalnoe svidetelstvo neposredstvennogo uchastnika sobytij Plots To whom Neva gave a chance Gambling business in St Petersburg was started by Russian organized crime groups and Japanese yakuza Under the control of the city hall Unique evidence of a direct participant in the events Novaya Gazeta in Russian Archived from the original on April 8 2018 Retrieved January 14 2020 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link a b Kirilenko Anastasiya Kirilenko Anastasia April 21 2016 Putin glazami yakudzy Yaponskij mafiozi rasskazal o svoem biznese v Peterburge Putin through the eyes of the Yakuza Japanese mafiosi spoke about his business in St Petersburg The Insider in Russian Archived from the original on April 23 2016 Retrieved January 14 2020 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link a b c d e f Ivanidze Vladimir Ivanidze Vladimir February 8 2012 Komu Neva dala shans Igornyj biznes v Sankt Peterburge nachinali rossijskie OPG i yaponskie yakudza Pod kontrolem merii Unikalnoe svidetelstvo neposredstvennogo uchastnika sobytij To whom the Neva gave a chance The gambling business in St Petersburg was started by Russian organized crime groups and Japanese yakuza Under the control of the city hall Unique evidence of a direct participant in the events Novaya Gazeta Archived from the original on February 9 2012 Retrieved December 20 2020 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Kirilenko Anastasiya Kirilenko Anastasia April 21 2016 Putin glazami yakudzy Yaponskij mafiozi rasskazal o svoem biznese v Peterburge Putin through the eyes of the Yakuza Japanese mafiosi spoke about his business in St Petersburg The Insider in Russian Archived from the original on April 23 2016 Retrieved December 20 2020 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Kirilenko Anastasiya Kirilenko Anastasia July 2 2015 Mafiya na goszakaze Kak novye kremlevskie oligarhi svyazany s prestupnym mirom Mafia at the state order How are the new Kremlin oligarchs connected with the underworld The Insider in Russian Archived from the original on July 3 2015 Retrieved December 20 2020 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Krysha rossijskoj elity The roof of the Russian elite Fontaka ru in Russian June 23 2008 Archived from the original on June 27 2008 Retrieved December 20 2020 Artemov Denis Artyomov Denis July 28 2016 Pochetnye gosti Aleksandra Malysheva Yakudza Honored guests of Alexander Malyshev Yakuza mzk1 ru in Russian Retrieved January 16 2020 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link 株式会社ダイナ Dyna Corporation baseconnect in in Japanese Osaka Retrieved January 16 2020 Gennadij Petrov Lider malyshevskoj OPG Gennady Petrov Leader of the Malyshevskaya organized crime group rusmafiozi in Russian March 13 2011 Retrieved January 16 2020 Aleksandr Malyshev Lider malyshevskoj OPG Alexander Malyshev Leader of the Malyshevskaya organized crime group rusmafiozi in Russian March 13 2011 Retrieved January 16 2020 Kirilenko Anastasiya Kirilenko Anastasia July 2 2015 Mafiya na goszakaze Kak novye kremlevskie oligarhi svyazany s prestupnym mirom Mafia at the state order How are the new Kremlin oligarchs connected with the underworld The Insider in Russian Archived from the original on July 3 2015 Retrieved January 14 2020 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Krysha rossijskoj elity The roof of the Russian elite Fontaka ru in Russian June 23 2008 Archived from the original on June 27 2008 Retrieved January 14 2020 a b Dawisha Karen 2014 Putin s Kleptocracy Who Owns Russia Simon amp Schuster p 18 ISBN 978 1 4767 9519 5 a b c d e Bohlen Celestine March 3 1992 U S Company to Help Russia Track Billions The New York Times Retrieved April 30 2018 a b c d e f g Sneider Daniel March 4 1992 Russia Goes After Party Gold Money Communist officials allegedly shifted out of the country is called crucial to reform Christian Science Monitor Retrieved April 30 2018 Kalinina Alexandra January 29 2013 Corruption in Russia as a Business Institute of Modern Russia Archived from the original on July 28 2020 Retrieved December 7 2020 Dawisha p 19 Dawish p 19 Dawisha p 18 Dawisha p 55 88 a b Dawisha p 65 Tikhomirov Vladimir 1997 Capital Flight from Post Soviet Russia Europe Asia Studies 49 4 592 doi 10 1080 09668139708412462 Rossia amp Company premier gov ru May 13 2009 From the New Times Putin and His Family Gazprom The Other Russia Retrieved May 21 2015 The Russia Bank Stockmap spb ru Fitch ratings dead link Fitch put ratings of the Russia bank in its Rating Watch list with a negative mark Finnews ru January 9 2007 in Russian a b c U peterburgskogo banka Rossiya v krizis na Kipre zavis milliard dollarov Po ocenke nezavisimyh ekspertov na kiprskom depozite v period zamorozki nahodilas tret denezhnyh sredstv organizacii The St Petersburg Bank Russia in the crisis in Cyprus a billion dollars According to independent experts a third of the organization s money was frozen in the Cyprus accounts in Russian Neva Today June 28 2013 Retrieved May 12 2018 Okruzhenie prezidenta President s Entourage istories media in Russian October 3 2021 Retrieved October 5 2021 OFAC Recent Actions U S Department of the Treasury Specially Designated Nationals And Blocked Persons List SDN Human Readable Lists U S Department of the Treasury Treasury Sanctions Russian Officials Members of the Russian Leadership s Inner Circle And An Entity For Involvement in the Situation in Ukraine United States Treasury Department March 20 2014 Retrieved March 20 2014 Shuklin Peter March 21 2014 Putin s inner circle who got in a new list of US sanctions liga net Archived from the original on February 7 2015 Retrieved February 20 2016 a b Sanctioned Bank Rossiya Becomes First Major Russian Bank to Expand in Crimea The Moscow Times Retrieved August 28 2017 Hobson Peter April 14 2014 Sanctioned Bank Rossiya to Service 36Bln Domestic Electricity Market Vasilev Andrej Vasiliev Andrey January 25 2019 Posle Rotenberga hot kamni s neba Kak Krym stal pribylnym biznesom dlya druzej Putina After Rotenberg even stones from the sky How Crimea became a profitable business for Putin s friends Insider in Russian Archived from the original on January 29 2019 Retrieved November 20 2020 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Ukraine invaded Casualties as fighting rages after Russian attack BBC News Financial Sanctions Notice 15 12 2023 PDF December 15 2023 Rossiya bank Banki ru www banki ru Retrieved May 21 2015 AO AB ROSSIYa raexpert ru in Russian Bank ROSSIYa voshel v top 10 krupnejshih bankov po summe vkladov fizlic www vbr ru in Russian Reznik Irina Reznik Irina Petrova Olga Petrova Olga July 24 2008 Pomoshniki Rossii Kak uchenomu Yuriyu Kovalchuku udalos prevratit melkij obkomovskij bank v biznes imperiyu On nikogda ne ispolzoval svoih deneg a nahodil nuzhnyh investorov obyasnyaet odin iz ego byvshih partnerov Assistants of Russia How did the scientist Yuri Kovalchuk manage to turn a small Obkomov bank into a business empire He never used his money but found the right investors one of his former partners explains Vedomosti in Russian No 136 2158 Archived from the original on September 10 2016 Retrieved January 28 2020 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a issue has extra text help CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Kak ustroen biznes Yurij Kovalchuk How arranges business Yuri Kovalchuk Vedomosti in Russian July 24 2008 Archived from the original on July 24 2008 Retrieved June 22 2021 Alt URL Lica Rossii Faces Rossiya Bank Vedomosti in Russian July 24 2008 Archived from the original on July 24 2008 Retrieved June 22 2021 Alt URL Vsya podnogotnaya biznes imperii Yuriya Kovalchuka All the ins and outs of the business empire of Yuri Kovalchuk Vedomosti July 24 2008 Archived from the original on November 20 2019 Retrieved October 8 2020 via rospres ru AVANBURG AOZT SP AVANBURG AOZT SP rusprofile ru in Russian Archived from the original on January 29 2020 Retrieved January 28 2020 AVANBURG AOZT SP podrobnyj spisok AVANBURG AOZT SP detailed listing rusprofile ru in Russian Archived from the original on January 29 2020 Retrieved January 28 2020 Viktor Myachin resigned from the position of the Director General of the Russia Bank Finnews ru September 28 2004 in Russian Mikhail Klishin became the Director General of the Russia Bank Finnews ru December 16 2004 in Russian Dmitry Lebedev appointed Director general of the Russia Bank Finnews ru April 5 2006 in Russian The Board of Directors of the Russia Bank confirmed the appointment of its Management Finnews ru January 11 2007 in Russian Shleinov Roman 2011 Russian Businessmen Arrested in Spain on Charges of Operation a Criminal Organization Have Connections with Russian Government Officials Politicians Heads of State owned Companies and Friends of Vladimir Putin Russian Federation Office of the Prime Minister Novaya Gazeta press release Rossia amp Company Retrieved February 19 2016 Rossiya Bank stockmap ru in Russian Archived from the original on May 15 2008 20 35 stockmap ru Antikompromat Ru Oligarhi Proishozhdenie putinskoj oligarhii June 21 2006 Archived from the original on June 21 2006 SOGAZ sold to St Pete Archived October 17 2007 at the Wayback Machine by Pavel Miledin et al Vedomosti 9 1290 January 21 2005 in Russian subscription required full text freely available on www lenpravda ru Emitent AO AB ROSSIYa 7831000122 Novosti RusBonds rusbonds ru Emitent AO SOGAZ 7736035485 Novosti RusBonds rusbonds ru Who sold SOGAZ Archived October 17 2007 at the Wayback Machine by Pavel Miledin et al Vedomosti 144 1184 August 13 2004 in Russian subscription required Emitent AO AKB EVROFINANS MOSNARBANK 7703115760 Novosti RusBonds rusbonds ru Retrieved November 18 2023 The Russia bank found a top manager in the state service Kommersant in Russian The Russia Bank buys a considerable share of the Petersburg TV and Radio Company Finnews ru November 28 2005 in Russian Yesterday Kommersant January 30 2006 in Russian Drug prezidenta stal akcionerom Ren TV lenta ru Bank Rossiya Retrieved November 18 2023 a b Struktura Aktivov Milliardera Delovoy Peterburg November 12 2016 Archived from the original on April 13 2019 Retrieved July 3 2021 a b c Rossiya bank PDF Banki ru March 6 2016 Retrieved December 12 2020 Rossiya Bank Stockmap ru website Retrieved 22 June 2021 AO AKB EVROFINANS MOSNARBANK perevyol bankovskie karty na novyj processing JSC JSCB EVROFINANCE MOSNARBANK transferred bank cards to a new processing Evrofinance Mosnarbank www evrofinance ru in Russian January 20 2020 Archived from the original on July 5 2023 Retrieved July 5 2023 External links edit nbsp Media related to Rossiya Bank at Wikimedia Commons Official website in Russian Bank Rossiya Emerges From Shadows The Moscow Times July 10 2008 Dynamic tycoon is close associate of Putin by Julian Evans The Times May 27 2006 Rossia Bank to Reach Federal Level Kommersant March 27 2006 Anna Shcherbakova Interview with Mikhail Klishin Director general of the Russia Bank Vedomosti 35 1316 March 1 2005 in Russian The Origin of Putin s Oligarchy by Vladimir Pribylovsky Ms October 11 2005 in Russian The Russia Bank Map of property in St Petersburg in Russian The country of opportunities Interview with Yuriy Kovalchuk Sankt Peterburgskie Vedomosti July 9 2005 in Russian Main Indicators of Bank Activities as of April 1 2005 Interfax in Russian Main Indicators of Bank Activities as of July 1 2005 Interfax in Russian Main Indicators of Bank Activities as of October 1 2005 Interfax in Russian Main Indicators of Bank Activities as of January 1 2006 Interfax in Russian Main Indicators of Bank Activities as of April 1 2006 Interfax in Russian Main Indicators of Bank Activities as of July 1 2006 Interfax in Russian Main Indicators of Bank Activities as of October 1 2006 Interfax in Russian Putin s Kleptocracy by Karen Dawisha Archived on January 29 2020 nbsp Banks portal Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Rossiya Bank amp oldid 1216932747, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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