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Catholic Church in Thailand

November 02, 2023

The Catholic Church in Thailand is part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome.


Catholic Church in Thailand
Thai: โรมันคาทอลิกในประเทศไทย
TypeNational polity
ClassificationCatholic
OrientationAsian Christianity, Latin
ScriptureBible
TheologyCatholic theology
PopeFrancis
PresidentJoseph Chusak Sirisut
Apostolic NuncioArchbishop Paul Tschang In-Nam
RegionThailand
LanguageThai, Latin
HeadquartersAssumption Cathedral, Bangkok
Members388,468 (0.58%)
Official websiteCatholic Church in Thailand website

According to Catholic Social Communications of Thailand, as of 2019 there are 388,468 Catholics in Thailand,[1][2] a figure that represents about 0.58% of the Thai population of 69 million. There are 11 dioceses with 526 parishes and 662 priests.[3][4]

History edit

The first historical record of an attempt to introduce Christianity to Thailand is owed to John Peter Maffei who stated that about 1550 a French Franciscan named Bonferre, hearing of the great kingdom of the Peguans and the Siamese in the East, went on a Portuguese ship from Goa to Cosme (Peguan), where for three years he preached the Gospel, but without any converts.

In 1552 Francis Xavier, writing from Sancian to his friend Diego Pereira, expressed his desire to go to Siam, but his death on 2 December 1552, prevented him. In 1553 several Portuguese ships landed in Siam, and at the request of the king three hundred Portuguese soldiers entered his service. The following year two Dominicans, Fathers Hieronymus of the Cross and Sebastian de Cantù, joined them as chaplains. In a short time, they established three parishes at Ayutthaya with about fifteen hundred converted Siamese. Both missionaries, however, were murdered by locals in 1569, and were replaced by Fathers Lopez Cardoso, John Madeira, Alphonsus Ximenes, Louis Fonseca (martyred in 1600), and John Maldonatus (d. 1598).

17th century edit

In 1606 the Jesuit Balthasar de Sequeira, at the request of the Portuguese merchant Tristan Golayo, and in 1624 Father Julius Cesar Margico, came to Ayutthaya and gained the favour of the king. A subsequent persecution, however, stopped the propagation of the Christian faith and no missionaries were allowed until Siam was made a Vicariate Apostolic by Pope Alexander VII on 22 August 1662. Soon after, Msgr. Pierre de la Motte-Lambert, Vicar-Apostolic of Cochin China, arrived at Ayutthaya, accompanied by Fathers De Bourges and Deydier. In 1664 he was joined by Msgr. Pallu, Vicar Apostolic of Tong King. Siam, in those days a rendezvous of commercial enterprise in the East, gave shelter to several hundred Annamite and Japanese Christians who had been expelled or lived there as exiles due to persecutions at home.

Some Portuguese and Spanish Jesuits, Franciscans, and Augustinians provided the spiritual care of their countrymen in Siam. Msgr. Pallu, on his return to Rome (1665), obtained a Brief from Pope Clement IX (4 July 1669), by which the Vicariate of Siam was entrusted to the newly founded Society of Foreign Missions of Paris. In 1673 Father Laneau was consecrated titular Bishop of Metellopolis and first Vicar Apostolic of Siam, and ever since Siam has been under the spiritual care of the Society of Foreign Missions. King Phra Narai gave the Catholic missionaries a hearty welcome, and made them a gift of land for a church, a mission-house, and a seminary (St. Joseph's colony). Through the influence of the Greek or Venetian, Constantine Phaulkon, prime minister to King Narai, the latter sent a diplomatic embassy to Louis XIV in 1684. The French king returned the compliment by sending M. de Chaumont, accompanied by some Jesuits under Fathers de Fontenay and Guy Tachard.

On 10 December 1685, King Naraï signed a treaty at Louvo (Lopburi) with France, in which he permitted Catholic missionaries to preach the Gospel throughout Siam, exempted his Catholic subjects from work on Sunday, and appointed a special mandarin to settle disputes between Christians and others. However, after the departure of M. De Chaumont, a Siamese nobleman, Phra-phret-racha, instigated a revolution in which Greece's Minister to Ayutthaya was murdered, King Naraï deposed, Msgr. Laneau and several missionaries were taken prisoners and ill-treated, and Siamese Christians were persecuted.

When peace and order were restored in 1690, Bishop Laneau resumed work until his death in 1696. His successor, Bishop Louis of Cice (1700–1727), was able to continue it in peace. However, after his death the rest of the century is a history of persecutions (those of 1729, 1755, 1764 are the most notable), either by local nobles or Burmese invaders, though the kings remained more or less favourable to the missionaries and to Bishops Texier de Kerlay and de Lolière-Puycontat (1755). During the inroads of the Burmese, the Siamese king even appealed to Bishop Brigot for help against the common foe, who sacked and burned the Catholic stations and colleges and imprisoned both the bishop and the missionaries.

In 1769 Father Corre resumed the missions in Siam and thus paved the way for the new vicar Apostolic, Msgr. Lebon (1772–80). However, a fresh persecution in 1775 forced him to leave the kingdom, and neither of his successors, Bishops Condé and Garnault, was able to accomplish much. During the Burmese wars, the Christians were reduced in number from 12,000 to 1000, and Bishop Florens was left in charge with only seven native priests.

19th century edit

 
 
(left) Assumption College, first Catholic academy in Thailand, founded 1885
(right) Saint Louis Hospital, first Catholic hospital in Thailand, founded 1898

It was only in 1826 and 1830 that a fresh supply of European missionaries arrived, among them Fathers Bouchot, Barbe, Bruguière, Vachal, Grandjean, Pallegoix, and Courvezy. In 1834 the last was appointed Vicar Apostolic of Siam, and the missions began to revive. Under him Siam numbered 6,590 Catholics and 11 European and seven native priests. His successor, Bishop Pallegoix (1840–1862), author of Description du royaume Thai ou Siam and Dictionnaire siamois-latin-français-anglais (30,000 words), was one of the most distinguished vicars Apostolic of Siam, the best Siamese scholar, and a missionary among the Laotines. He induced Napoleon III to renew the French alliance with Siam and to send an embassy under M. de Montigny to Siam in 1856. On 8 July 1856, King Mongkut signed a political-commercial treaty with France, by which the privileges granted to the Catholic missionaries by Phra-Naraï in the 17th century were renewed. The bishop was highly esteemed by the king, who personally assisted at his funeral and accepted from the missionaries as a token of friendship the bishop's ring.

Thanks to the broad-mindedness of Kings Mongkut (1851–1868) and Chulalongkorn (1868–1910), the Catholic Church in Siam enjoyed peace under Pallegoix's successors, Bishops Dupont (1862–1872) and Vey (1875–1909). Owing to the complications between France and Siam, in 1894, the missionaries had to endure the ill will of local mandarins, though the minister of foreign affairs promised that no harm would be done to the missionaries and their work on account of the French invasion.

20th century edit

 
Our Lady of Martyrs of Songkhon Basilica

At the beginning of the 20th century, there were about 23,000 Catholic believers, 55 churches and chapels, representatives of such monastic orders, social and educational institutions (e.g., orphanages, schools and a seminary, college).[5] During the 20th century, many other Catholic congregations arrived to work in Thailand.[6]

In 1975 the Catholic Office for Emergency Relief and Refugees was established for protection of moral values and social work, including the urgent problem created by refugees from Indochina.[6]

Pope John Paul II became the first pope to visit Thailand, 10–11 May 1984.[7] The pope told King Rama IX Bhumibol Adulyadej that his visit was not only to return the courtesy when the king visited his predecessor Pope John XXIII in 1960 but to also personally thank Thailand for welcoming refugees which he said was an exemplary example of humanity. King Rama IX told the pope he observed how Christianity had grown in the kingdom and recognized how the relationship between Thailand and the Vatican first began hundreds of years earlier during the Ayutthaya Kingdom.[8]

On 22 October 1989, the Martyrs of Thailand were beatified. The catechist Philip Siphong Onphitak and six companions had been killed in 1940 as suspected French spies at a time when Thailand was at war with the French.

21st century edit

 
Pope Francis at Saint Louis Hospital (Bangkok) during his visit to Thailand in 2019

In 2003, there were 278,000 Catholics in Thailand, which constituted 0.44% of the total population at the time.[4]

Some members of the Catholic religious orders in Thailand (Religious of the Good Shepherd, Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Sisters of St. Paul de Chartres) take an active part in fight against human trafficking.[9]

Thai Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra visited the Vatican on 13 September 2013 where she met Pope Francis. Her visit was the first to the Holy See by a Thai governmental leader in over 50 years. At this meeting Yingluck formally invited Pope Francis to visit Thailand, although no dates were discussed at the time.[10]

Pope Francis visited Thailand from 19–23 November 2019 as part of an Asian tour,[11] the first such papal visit since that of Pope John Paul II in 1984.[12] The papal visit marks the 350th anniversary of the establishment of the Apostolic Vicariate of Siam, which brought Catholicism to Thailand in 1669,[13] as well as the 50th anniversary of formal diplomatic relations between Thailand and the Vatican.[14][15] While in Thailand he had audiences with the prime minister, King Vajiralongkorn, and the supreme Buddhist patriarch, as well as celebrating masses at the National Stadium and Assumption Cathedral.[3][16][17]

Administration edit

The church in Thailand is administered by 11 dioceses,[3] including two archdioceses.

Congregations edit

Congregations in Thailand include:

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Thaitrakulpanich, Asaree (2 October 2019). "HERE'S POPE FRANCIS' SCHEDULE FOR HIS THAILAND VISIT". Khaosod English. Retrieved 2 October 2019.
  2. ^ "Pope Francis to visit Thailand November 20-23". Thai PBS. Agence France-Presse. 13 September 2019. Retrieved 14 September 2019.
  3. ^ a b c Suksamran, Nauvarat; Mala, Dumrongkiat (20 November 2019). "How Catholicism took root in Thailand". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 20 November 2019.
  4. ^ a b "Celebrating 350 Years of the Vatican's Mission to Siam". LiCAS.news. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
  5. ^ Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Siam" . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  6. ^ a b A Brief History Of The Catholic Church In Thailand, by Fr. Surachai Chumsriphan, Society of Saint Pius X in Asia site
  7. ^ Boonlert, Thana (20 November 2019). "Vatican visit: a retrospective". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 20 November 2019.
  8. ^ "King Rama IX and the Vatican". LiCAS.news. n.d. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
  9. ^ Education Chips Away at Human Trafficking, Zenit News Agency[full citation needed]
  10. ^ Charuvastra, Teeranai (22 November 2019). "A LOOK BACK AT YINGLUCK'S MEETING WITH POPE FRANCIS". Khaosod English. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
  11. ^ "Official Website of Pope Francis' Apostolic Visit to the Kingdom of Thailand". LiCAS.news. 24 November 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2019.
  12. ^ "Pope arrives in Thailand to encourage Catholic minority". Bangkok Post. Associated Press. 20 November 2019. Retrieved 20 November 2019.
  13. ^ "A concise history of Catholicism in Thailand". LiCAS.news. 9 October 2019. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
  14. ^ "Different faiths unite to welcome pope". Bangkok Post. 20 November 2019. Retrieved 20 November 2019.
  15. ^ Jones Dionio, Arthur (20 November 2019). "By God's grace". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 20 November 2019.
  16. ^ Suksamran, Nauvarat; Wipatayotin, Apinya (20 November 2019). "Thousands to throng to Pope's mass". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 20 November 2019.
  17. ^ Janthong, Patipat (22 November 2019). "Grand Holy Mass". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 22 November 2019.

External links edit

  • The Catholic Church in Thailand by GCatholic.org
  • Redemptorists in Bangkok
  • Missione delle Chiese del Triveneto
  • LiCAS.news

November 02, 2023
catholic, church, thailand, part, worldwide, catholic, church, under, spiritual, leadership, pope, rome, thai, โรม, นคาทอล, กในประเทศไทยassumption, cathedral, bangkoktypenational, polityclassificationcatholicorientationasian, christianity, latinscripturebiblet. The Catholic Church in Thailand is part of the worldwide Catholic Church under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome Catholic Church in ThailandThai ormnkhathxlikinpraethsithyAssumption Cathedral BangkokTypeNational polityClassificationCatholicOrientationAsian Christianity LatinScriptureBibleTheologyCatholic theologyPopeFrancisPresidentJoseph Chusak SirisutApostolic NuncioArchbishop Paul Tschang In NamRegionThailandLanguageThai LatinHeadquartersAssumption Cathedral BangkokMembers388 468 0 58 Official websiteCatholic Church in Thailand websiteAccording to Catholic Social Communications of Thailand as of 2019 update there are 388 468 Catholics in Thailand 1 2 a figure that represents about 0 58 of the Thai population of 69 million There are 11 dioceses with 526 parishes and 662 priests 3 4 Contents 1 History 1 1 17th century 1 2 19th century 1 3 20th century 1 4 21st century 2 Administration 3 Congregations 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksHistory editThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed November 2019 Learn how and when to remove this template message The first historical record of an attempt to introduce Christianity to Thailand is owed to John Peter Maffei who stated that about 1550 a French Franciscan named Bonferre hearing of the great kingdom of the Peguans and the Siamese in the East went on a Portuguese ship from Goa to Cosme Peguan where for three years he preached the Gospel but without any converts In 1552 Francis Xavier writing from Sancian to his friend Diego Pereira expressed his desire to go to Siam but his death on 2 December 1552 prevented him In 1553 several Portuguese ships landed in Siam and at the request of the king three hundred Portuguese soldiers entered his service The following year two Dominicans Fathers Hieronymus of the Cross and Sebastian de Cantu joined them as chaplains In a short time they established three parishes at Ayutthaya with about fifteen hundred converted Siamese Both missionaries however were murdered by locals in 1569 and were replaced by Fathers Lopez Cardoso John Madeira Alphonsus Ximenes Louis Fonseca martyred in 1600 and John Maldonatus d 1598 17th century edit In 1606 the Jesuit Balthasar de Sequeira at the request of the Portuguese merchant Tristan Golayo and in 1624 Father Julius Cesar Margico came to Ayutthaya and gained the favour of the king A subsequent persecution however stopped the propagation of the Christian faith and no missionaries were allowed until Siam was made a Vicariate Apostolic by Pope Alexander VII on 22 August 1662 Soon after Msgr Pierre de la Motte Lambert Vicar Apostolic of Cochin China arrived at Ayutthaya accompanied by Fathers De Bourges and Deydier In 1664 he was joined by Msgr Pallu Vicar Apostolic of Tong King Siam in those days a rendezvous of commercial enterprise in the East gave shelter to several hundred Annamite and Japanese Christians who had been expelled or lived there as exiles due to persecutions at home Some Portuguese and Spanish Jesuits Franciscans and Augustinians provided the spiritual care of their countrymen in Siam Msgr Pallu on his return to Rome 1665 obtained a Brief from Pope Clement IX 4 July 1669 by which the Vicariate of Siam was entrusted to the newly founded Society of Foreign Missions of Paris In 1673 Father Laneau was consecrated titular Bishop of Metellopolis and first Vicar Apostolic of Siam and ever since Siam has been under the spiritual care of the Society of Foreign Missions King Phra Narai gave the Catholic missionaries a hearty welcome and made them a gift of land for a church a mission house and a seminary St Joseph s colony Through the influence of the Greek or Venetian Constantine Phaulkon prime minister to King Narai the latter sent a diplomatic embassy to Louis XIV in 1684 The French king returned the compliment by sending M de Chaumont accompanied by some Jesuits under Fathers de Fontenay and Guy Tachard On 10 December 1685 King Narai signed a treaty at Louvo Lopburi with France in which he permitted Catholic missionaries to preach the Gospel throughout Siam exempted his Catholic subjects from work on Sunday and appointed a special mandarin to settle disputes between Christians and others However after the departure of M De Chaumont a Siamese nobleman Phra phret racha instigated a revolution in which Greece s Minister to Ayutthaya was murdered King Narai deposed Msgr Laneau and several missionaries were taken prisoners and ill treated and Siamese Christians were persecuted When peace and order were restored in 1690 Bishop Laneau resumed work until his death in 1696 His successor Bishop Louis of Cice 1700 1727 was able to continue it in peace However after his death the rest of the century is a history of persecutions those of 1729 1755 1764 are the most notable either by local nobles or Burmese invaders though the kings remained more or less favourable to the missionaries and to Bishops Texier de Kerlay and de Loliere Puycontat 1755 During the inroads of the Burmese the Siamese king even appealed to Bishop Brigot for help against the common foe who sacked and burned the Catholic stations and colleges and imprisoned both the bishop and the missionaries In 1769 Father Corre resumed the missions in Siam and thus paved the way for the new vicar Apostolic Msgr Lebon 1772 80 However a fresh persecution in 1775 forced him to leave the kingdom and neither of his successors Bishops Conde and Garnault was able to accomplish much During the Burmese wars the Christians were reduced in number from 12 000 to 1000 and Bishop Florens was left in charge with only seven native priests 19th century edit nbsp nbsp left Assumption College first Catholic academy in Thailand founded 1885 right Saint Louis Hospital first Catholic hospital in Thailand founded 1898 It was only in 1826 and 1830 that a fresh supply of European missionaries arrived among them Fathers Bouchot Barbe Bruguiere Vachal Grandjean Pallegoix and Courvezy In 1834 the last was appointed Vicar Apostolic of Siam and the missions began to revive Under him Siam numbered 6 590 Catholics and 11 European and seven native priests His successor Bishop Pallegoix 1840 1862 author of Description du royaume Thai ou Siam and Dictionnaire siamois latin francais anglais 30 000 words was one of the most distinguished vicars Apostolic of Siam the best Siamese scholar and a missionary among the Laotines He induced Napoleon III to renew the French alliance with Siam and to send an embassy under M de Montigny to Siam in 1856 On 8 July 1856 King Mongkut signed a political commercial treaty with France by which the privileges granted to the Catholic missionaries by Phra Narai in the 17th century were renewed The bishop was highly esteemed by the king who personally assisted at his funeral and accepted from the missionaries as a token of friendship the bishop s ring Thanks to the broad mindedness of Kings Mongkut 1851 1868 and Chulalongkorn 1868 1910 the Catholic Church in Siam enjoyed peace under Pallegoix s successors Bishops Dupont 1862 1872 and Vey 1875 1909 Owing to the complications between France and Siam in 1894 the missionaries had to endure the ill will of local mandarins though the minister of foreign affairs promised that no harm would be done to the missionaries and their work on account of the French invasion 20th century edit nbsp Our Lady of Martyrs of Songkhon BasilicaAt the beginning of the 20th century there were about 23 000 Catholic believers 55 churches and chapels representatives of such monastic orders social and educational institutions e g orphanages schools and a seminary college 5 During the 20th century many other Catholic congregations arrived to work in Thailand 6 In 1975 the Catholic Office for Emergency Relief and Refugees was established for protection of moral values and social work including the urgent problem created by refugees from Indochina 6 Pope John Paul II became the first pope to visit Thailand 10 11 May 1984 7 The pope told King Rama IX Bhumibol Adulyadej that his visit was not only to return the courtesy when the king visited his predecessor Pope John XXIII in 1960 but to also personally thank Thailand for welcoming refugees which he said was an exemplary example of humanity King Rama IX told the pope he observed how Christianity had grown in the kingdom and recognized how the relationship between Thailand and the Vatican first began hundreds of years earlier during the Ayutthaya Kingdom 8 On 22 October 1989 the Martyrs of Thailand were beatified The catechist Philip Siphong Onphitak and six companions had been killed in 1940 as suspected French spies at a time when Thailand was at war with the French 21st century edit nbsp Pope Francis at Saint Louis Hospital Bangkok during his visit to Thailand in 2019In 2003 there were 278 000 Catholics in Thailand which constituted 0 44 of the total population at the time 4 Some members of the Catholic religious orders in Thailand Religious of the Good Shepherd Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Jesus Sisters of St Paul de Chartres take an active part in fight against human trafficking 9 Thai Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra visited the Vatican on 13 September 2013 where she met Pope Francis Her visit was the first to the Holy See by a Thai governmental leader in over 50 years At this meeting Yingluck formally invited Pope Francis to visit Thailand although no dates were discussed at the time 10 Pope Francis visited Thailand from 19 23 November 2019 as part of an Asian tour 11 the first such papal visit since that of Pope John Paul II in 1984 12 The papal visit marks the 350th anniversary of the establishment of the Apostolic Vicariate of Siam which brought Catholicism to Thailand in 1669 13 as well as the 50th anniversary of formal diplomatic relations between Thailand and the Vatican 14 15 While in Thailand he had audiences with the prime minister King Vajiralongkorn and the supreme Buddhist patriarch as well as celebrating masses at the National Stadium and Assumption Cathedral 3 16 17 Administration editThe church in Thailand is administered by 11 dioceses 3 including two archdioceses Bangkok Archdiocese Chanthaburi Chiang Mai Chiang Rai Nakhon Sawan Ratchaburi Surat Thani Thare and Nonseng Archdiocese based in Sakon Nakhon Nakhon Ratchasima Ubon Ratchathani Udon ThaniCongregations editCongregations in Thailand include Brothers of St Gabriel Gabrielite Brothers Capuchin Poor Clares Capuchin Sisters Clerics Regular Ministers to the Sick Camillians Congregation of the Holy Infant Jesus Sisters of the Infant Jesus Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer Redemptorists Congregation of the Sacred Stigmata Stigmatines Congregation of the Mission Vincentian Fathers and Brothers Vincentians Daughters of Charity of Sain Vincent de Paul Franciscans Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools De La Salle Brothers Les Filles de la Croix Daughters of the Cross Marist Brothers of the Schools Marist Brothers Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate Oblates of Mary Immaculate Order of the Brothers of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel Carmelites Pontifical Institute for Foreign Missions Salesian Sisters of St John Bosco Daughters of Mary Help of Christians Society of Jesus Jesuits Society of Mary Marist Fathers Society of St Francis de Sales Salesians of Don Bosco Society of the Divine Word Divine Word Missionaries Ursulines of the Roman Union Ursulines Congregation of the Company of Mary Montfort Missionaries Montfort Brothers of St GabrielSee also editBeata Mundi Regina Christianity in Thailand List of Saints from Asia List of Catholic dioceses in Thailand List of Catholic dioceses structured view Episcopal Conference of Thailand Camillian social center in Rayong Saint Camillus Foundation Catholic Office for Emergency Relief and Refugees Sister Joan Evans Sarnelli House Thailand Assumption Cathedral Bangkok Sarasas Ektra School LiCAS news Roman Catholic Mission of Bangkok References edit Thaitrakulpanich Asaree 2 October 2019 HERE S POPE FRANCIS SCHEDULE FOR HIS THAILAND VISIT Khaosod English Retrieved 2 October 2019 Pope Francis to visit Thailand November 20 23 Thai PBS Agence France Presse 13 September 2019 Retrieved 14 September 2019 a b c Suksamran Nauvarat Mala Dumrongkiat 20 November 2019 How Catholicism took root in Thailand Bangkok Post Retrieved 20 November 2019 a b Celebrating 350 Years of the Vatican s Mission to Siam LiCAS news Retrieved 13 January 2020 Herbermann Charles ed 1913 Siam Catholic Encyclopedia New York Robert Appleton Company a b ABrief History Of The Catholic Church In Thailand by Fr Surachai Chumsriphan Society of Saint Pius X in Asia site Boonlert Thana 20 November 2019 Vatican visit a retrospective Bangkok Post Retrieved 20 November 2019 King Rama IX and the Vatican LiCAS news n d Retrieved 13 January 2020 Education Chips Away at Human Trafficking Zenit News Agency full citation needed Charuvastra Teeranai 22 November 2019 A LOOK BACK AT YINGLUCK S MEETING WITH POPE FRANCIS Khaosod English Retrieved 22 November 2019 Official Website of Pope Francis Apostolic Visit to the Kingdom of Thailand LiCAS news 24 November 2019 Retrieved 24 November 2019 Pope arrives in Thailand to encourage Catholic minority Bangkok Post Associated Press 20 November 2019 Retrieved 20 November 2019 A concise history of Catholicism in Thailand LiCAS news 9 October 2019 Retrieved 9 August 2020 Different faiths unite to welcome pope Bangkok Post 20 November 2019 Retrieved 20 November 2019 Jones Dionio Arthur 20 November 2019 By God s grace Bangkok Post Retrieved 20 November 2019 Suksamran Nauvarat Wipatayotin Apinya 20 November 2019 Thousands to throng to Pope s mass Bangkok Post Retrieved 20 November 2019 Janthong Patipat 22 November 2019 Grand Holy Mass Bangkok Post Retrieved 22 November 2019 External links editThe Catholic Church in Thailand by GCatholic org Redemptorists in Bangkok Missione delle Chiese del Triveneto LiCAS newsPortals nbsp Catholicism nbsp Thailand Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Catholic Church in Thailand amp oldid 1176030962, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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