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Energy in Serbia

January 01, 1970

Energy in Serbia describes energy and electricity production, consumption and import in Serbia.

In 2020, Serbia's Total Energy Supply (TES) totaled 665,838 TJ, with the energy mix comprising coal (49%), oil (21%), gas (13%), and renewables (17%). Bioenergy and hydroelectric power were the leading contributors within the renewable energy category, accounting for 60% and 36% of the renewable supply, respectively.[1]

History edit

On 6 October 1893, the first Serbian power plant, located in the Dorćol urban neighborhood of Belgrade, began production of electricity.[2]

In 1900, the first alternating current hydroelectric power plant Pod gradom in Užice on the river Đetinja went online. The first alternating current transmission line from hydroelectric power plant Vučje to Leskovac, with the length of 17 kilometres (11 mi), went online three years later.[3][4] In 1909, hydroelectric plants Gamzigrad in Zaječar and Sveta Petka in Niš began to build.[5] Two years later, the hydroelectric power station on the river Moravica in Ivanjica was put in the operation.[6]

In Belgrade, the power plant Snaga i Svetlost was built in 1933, being one of the largest in the Balkans at that time.

The establishment of the Električno preduzeće Srbije followed in 1945. Between 1947 and 1950, the hydroelectric power plant Sokolovica and coal power plants Mali Kostolac and Veliki Kostolac, the first power stations to be built in Serbia after the Second World War.[7] In 1952, the underground mining of the coal field Kolubara had started. Four years later, coal power plant RB Kolubara went in operation. A year earlier, the hydroelectric power plants Vlasina and Zvornik have been connected to the power grid. In the period from 1960 to 1967, hydroelectric power plants Bistrica, Kokin Brod and Potpeć were under construction.

In the period from 1942 to 1943, Serbia conducted the first exploration potential of oil field. The first drill hole was made in 1947 in Banat (Velika Greda), and in 1949 founded the company Naftagas.

 
Đerdap II (Serbia)

In 1965, Združeno elektroprivredno preduzeće Srbije was founded. The coal-fired power plant Bajina Bašta began with the production of electricity a year later. The two largest power plants in Serbia, the hydroelectric power plant HPP Đerdap I at the Danube river and the coal power plant TENT, went into operation in 1970. Twelve years later, the pumped storage plant Bajina Bašta was built, and in 1990 the hydroelectric power station Pirot was put into operation.

Electricity edit

 
Serbia electricity production by source

The main producer of electricity in Serbia is Elektroprivreda Srbije. The company has an installed capacity of 7,662 MW and generates 38.9 TWh of electricity per year. Its installed capacity in lignite-fired thermal power plant is 4,390 MW, gas-fired and liquid fuel-fired combined heat and power plants is 336 MW, and hydro power plants is 2,936 MW.[8] EPS is also the largest producer of lignite in Serbia operating in the Kolubara and Kostolac basins, producing around 37 million tonnes per year.[9] Also, 85 MW is generated from wind power, mainly through facilities of MK Fintel Wind.

In order to increase the efficiency of the sector through the action of market mechanisms in the production and supply of electricity, the Serbian government has introduced competition in the electricity sector by adopting the Law on Energy in 2004. All electricity consumers are tariff buyers which are, according to the law, provided by electricity retailer responsible to supply tariff customers within Elektroprivreda Srbije at regulated prices. At the same time buyers who meet the criteria according to the Act is given the opportunity to become a qualified buyer, and thus get the opportunity to purchase electricity on the open market. In the first phase, the electricity market has been open to all potential customers with an annual electricity consumption was above 25 GWh. From 1 January 2007, the Council of the Energy Agency of the Republic of Serbia made decision that the right to acquire the status of an eligible customer is available to all electricity customers with an annual consumption of more than 3 GWh.

Electricity generated in Serbia
2017[10] 2018[11] 2019[12] 2020[13]
Type GWh % GWh % GWh % GWh %
Coal 23,864 72.10 22,546 65.29 22,720 68.30 23,935 70.34
Hydro 8,740 26.41 11,329 32.81 9,027 27.14 8,609 25.30
Wind 48 0.15 124 0.36 913 2.74 963 2.83
Solar 13 0.04 10 0.03 16 0.05 13 0.04
Gas 351 1.06 399 1.15 472 1.42 317 0.93
Biomass 72 0.22 120 0.35 115 0.35 189 0.56
Unspecified fossil 11 0.03 (3) (0.01) 0.5 0.00 0.6 0.00
Total 33,100 100 34,525 100 33,263 100 34,028 100

Shifting from coal to renewable sources, and therefore the need for new hydro, wind and solar generation plants, is a recognized goal in the Serbian politics. In July 2021 the country's energy and mining minister stated in an interview that the new energy strategy was under preparation, under it up to 50% electricity would be generated from renewable sources by 2040;[14] later in November 2021 she said in another interview that "by 2040 or 2050 (Serbia) should have zero lignite (consumption)" and that such shift would require minimum 17 billion euro investment.[15]

Oil and natural gas edit

 
NIS refinery in Pančevo

Naftna Industrija Srbije (NIS) is the only company in Serbia which deals with exploration and production of crude oil and gas, as well as with production of geothermal energy.[16] The company disposes with all necessary equipment for the performance of a whole range of complex activities such as geophysical exploration, control of production of crude oil, gas and geothermal energy. The majority of NIS oil fields are located on the territory of Serbia, in Banat region, but upstream has business operations both in Serbia and abroad. In 2011 NIS started to expand business in south-east Europe: in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Romania and Hungary.[17][18][19]

The company owns and operates oil refineries in Pančevo (annual capacity 4.8 million tons of crude oil) and Novi Sad (annual capacity 2.6 million tons of crude oil), and natural gas refinery in Elemir. NIS refining complex produces a whole range of petroleum products - from motor gasoline and diesel fuel to mechanical lube oils and feedstock for the petrochemical industry, heavy fuel oil, road and industrial bitumen, etc.

Srbijagas, public gas company, operates the natural gas transportation system which comprise 3,177 kilometers of trunk and regional natural gas pipelines and a 450 million cubic meter underground gas storage facility at Banatski Dvor.[20]

Refined petroleum products - production: 60,220 barrels per day (9,574 m3/d)

Oil - production: 23,160 barrels per day (3,682 m3/d)

Oil - consumption: 81,540 barrels per day (12,964 m3/d) (2011)

Oil - proved reserves: 77.5 million barrels (12.32×10^6 m3) (1 January 2006)

Natural gas - production: 557 million cubic metres (2012)

Natural gas - consumption: 2.84 billion cubic metres (2012) [21]

In a 2022 IEA commentary, it was noted that Serbia relies entirely on Russian gas imports. The country signed a three-year contract with Gazprom in May 2022 for 2.2 billion cubic meters annually. The anticipated Bulgaria-Serbia interconnector, offering 1.8 billion cubic meters per year from Bulgaria, is expected to diversify Serbia's gas sources.[22] This 170km pipeline, becoming operational in December 2023, will allow gas to be supplied to Serbia from Azerbaijan, with whom Serbia has signed a supply agreement.[23]

Renewable energy edit

See also: Wind power in Serbia

Installed capacity of hydro power is 2,835 MW and as of December 2019 wind power capacity is 500 MW.[24][25] Serbia also makes use of geothermal and solar energy, currently 27% of Serbia's electricity comes from hydro while 4% comes from other renewables.[21] Additional 600 MW of wind capacity is planned by 2030.[25]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Energy Profile Serbia" (PDF). International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). August 2023.
  2. ^ "120 godina elektrifikacije Srbije". vreme.com (in Serbian). Retrieved 18 July 2014.
  3. ^ "Hidroelektrana Vučje". teslaways.rs (in Serbian). Retrieved 18 July 2014.
  4. ^ "Vucje Power Plant – a World Heritage Gem". voiceofserbia.org. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
  5. ^ "Hidroelektrana "Gamzigrad"". teslaways.rs (in Serbian). Retrieved 18 July 2014.
  6. ^ "Nine decades of hydroelectric power station "Moravica" in Ivanjica". vibilia.rs. politika.rs. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
  7. ^ . te-ko.rs (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 26 July 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
  8. ^ . eps.rs (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 15 January 2018. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
  9. ^ . Energy Fundamentals. Archived from the original on 6 November 2013. Retrieved 15 June 2013.
  10. ^ Godisnji izvestaj o nacionalnom rezidualnom miksu 2017
  11. ^ https://ems.rs/media/uploads/2018/Garancije%20porekla/Godisnji_izve%C5%A1taj_o_nacionalnom_.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  12. ^ http://www.ems.rs/media/uploads/2018/Garancije%20porekla/Godisnji_izvestaj_o_nacionalnom_rezidualnom_miksu_-_2019.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  13. ^ https://ems.rs/media/uploads/2021/Garancije%20porekla/Godisnji%20izve%C5%A1taj%20o%20nacionalnom%20rezidualnom%20miksu%20-%202020.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  14. ^ "Serbia to invest $7.1bn in new power production capacities by 2040". www.power-technology.com. Retrieved 2021-12-17.
  15. ^ Sekularac, Ivana; Vasovic, Aleksandar (2021-11-04). "Serbia eyes 17 bln euro investment in renewable energy in next 20 years". Reuters. Retrieved 2021-12-17.
  16. ^ "Cooperation of Vojvodina and NIS in the field of geothermal energy".
  17. ^ . Reuters. 2 September 2011. Archived from the original on 20 August 2016.
  18. ^ "NIS plans to invest into Romania several hundred million euros".
  19. ^ "NIS and RAGF signed an Agreement on Exploration in Hungary".
  20. ^ . Archived from the original on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2013-11-05.
  21. ^ a b "Serbia". 8 December 2021.
  22. ^ "Accelerating energy diversification in Central and Eastern Europe – Analysis". IEA. 2022-09-14. Retrieved 2024-04-01.
  23. ^ "The Serbia-Bulgaria gas interconnection will soon start on a trial basis". 3 December 2023.
  24. ^ (PDF). RENEUER. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 November 2010. Retrieved 15 June 2013.
  25. ^ a b "Srbija će do 2020. godine dostići 500 MW struje iz SNAGE VETRA". Blic.rs (in Serbian). Retrieved 2019-12-20.

January 01, 1970
energy, serbia, this, article, needs, updated, reason, given, balkan, stream, please, help, update, this, reflect, recent, events, newly, available, information, january, 2021, describes, energy, electricity, production, consumption, import, serbia, 2020, serb. This article needs to be updated The reason given is Balkan Stream Please help update this to reflect recent events or newly available information January 2021 Energy in Serbia describes energy and electricity production consumption and import in Serbia In 2020 Serbia s Total Energy Supply TES totaled 665 838 TJ with the energy mix comprising coal 49 oil 21 gas 13 and renewables 17 Bioenergy and hydroelectric power were the leading contributors within the renewable energy category accounting for 60 and 36 of the renewable supply respectively 1 Contents 1 History 2 Electricity 3 Oil and natural gas 4 Renewable energy 5 See also 6 ReferencesHistory editOn 6 October 1893 the first Serbian power plant located in the Dorcol urban neighborhood of Belgrade began production of electricity 2 In 1900 the first alternating current hydroelectric power plant Pod gradom in Uzice on the river Đetinja went online The first alternating current transmission line from hydroelectric power plant Vucje to Leskovac with the length of 17 kilometres 11 mi went online three years later 3 4 In 1909 hydroelectric plants Gamzigrad in Zajecar and Sveta Petka in Nis began to build 5 Two years later the hydroelectric power station on the river Moravica in Ivanjica was put in the operation 6 In Belgrade the power plant Snaga i Svetlost was built in 1933 being one of the largest in the Balkans at that time The establishment of the Elektricno preduzece Srbije followed in 1945 Between 1947 and 1950 the hydroelectric power plant Sokolovica and coal power plants Mali Kostolac and Veliki Kostolac the first power stations to be built in Serbia after the Second World War 7 In 1952 the underground mining of the coal field Kolubara had started Four years later coal power plant RB Kolubara went in operation A year earlier the hydroelectric power plants Vlasina and Zvornik have been connected to the power grid In the period from 1960 to 1967 hydroelectric power plants Bistrica Kokin Brod and Potpec were under construction In the period from 1942 to 1943 Serbia conducted the first exploration potential of oil field The first drill hole was made in 1947 in Banat Velika Greda and in 1949 founded the company Naftagas nbsp Đerdap II Serbia In 1965 Zdruzeno elektroprivredno preduzece Srbije was founded The coal fired power plant Bajina Basta began with the production of electricity a year later The two largest power plants in Serbia the hydroelectric power plant HPP Đerdap I at the Danube river and the coal power plant TENT went into operation in 1970 Twelve years later the pumped storage plant Bajina Basta was built and in 1990 the hydroelectric power station Pirot was put into operation Electricity edit nbsp Serbia electricity production by source The main producer of electricity in Serbia is Elektroprivreda Srbije The company has an installed capacity of 7 662 MW and generates 38 9 TWh of electricity per year Its installed capacity in lignite fired thermal power plant is 4 390 MW gas fired and liquid fuel fired combined heat and power plants is 336 MW and hydro power plants is 2 936 MW 8 EPS is also the largest producer of lignite in Serbia operating in the Kolubara and Kostolac basins producing around 37 million tonnes per year 9 Also 85 MW is generated from wind power mainly through facilities of MK Fintel Wind In order to increase the efficiency of the sector through the action of market mechanisms in the production and supply of electricity the Serbian government has introduced competition in the electricity sector by adopting the Law on Energy in 2004 All electricity consumers are tariff buyers which are according to the law provided by electricity retailer responsible to supply tariff customers within Elektroprivreda Srbije at regulated prices At the same time buyers who meet the criteria according to the Act is given the opportunity to become a qualified buyer and thus get the opportunity to purchase electricity on the open market In the first phase the electricity market has been open to all potential customers with an annual electricity consumption was above 25 GWh From 1 January 2007 the Council of the Energy Agency of the Republic of Serbia made decision that the right to acquire the status of an eligible customer is available to all electricity customers with an annual consumption of more than 3 GWh Electricity generated in Serbia 2017 10 2018 11 2019 12 2020 13 Type GWh GWh GWh GWh Coal 23 864 72 10 22 546 65 29 22 720 68 30 23 935 70 34 Hydro 8 740 26 41 11 329 32 81 9 027 27 14 8 609 25 30 Wind 48 0 15 124 0 36 913 2 74 963 2 83 Solar 13 0 04 10 0 03 16 0 05 13 0 04 Gas 351 1 06 399 1 15 472 1 42 317 0 93 Biomass 72 0 22 120 0 35 115 0 35 189 0 56 Unspecified fossil 11 0 03 3 0 01 0 5 0 00 0 6 0 00 Total 33 100 100 34 525 100 33 263 100 34 028 100 Shifting from coal to renewable sources and therefore the need for new hydro wind and solar generation plants is a recognized goal in the Serbian politics In July 2021 the country s energy and mining minister stated in an interview that the new energy strategy was under preparation under it up to 50 electricity would be generated from renewable sources by 2040 14 later in November 2021 she said in another interview that by 2040 or 2050 Serbia should have zero lignite consumption and that such shift would require minimum 17 billion euro investment 15 Oil and natural gas edit nbsp NIS refinery in Pancevo Naftna Industrija Srbije NIS is the only company in Serbia which deals with exploration and production of crude oil and gas as well as with production of geothermal energy 16 The company disposes with all necessary equipment for the performance of a whole range of complex activities such as geophysical exploration control of production of crude oil gas and geothermal energy The majority of NIS oil fields are located on the territory of Serbia in Banat region but upstream has business operations both in Serbia and abroad In 2011 NIS started to expand business in south east Europe in Bosnia and Herzegovina Romania and Hungary 17 18 19 The company owns and operates oil refineries in Pancevo annual capacity 4 8 million tons of crude oil and Novi Sad annual capacity 2 6 million tons of crude oil and natural gas refinery in Elemir NIS refining complex produces a whole range of petroleum products from motor gasoline and diesel fuel to mechanical lube oils and feedstock for the petrochemical industry heavy fuel oil road and industrial bitumen etc Srbijagas public gas company operates the natural gas transportation system which comprise 3 177 kilometers of trunk and regional natural gas pipelines and a 450 million cubic meter underground gas storage facility at Banatski Dvor 20 Refined petroleum products production 60 220 barrels per day 9 574 m3 d Oil production 23 160 barrels per day 3 682 m3 d Oil consumption 81 540 barrels per day 12 964 m3 d 2011 Oil proved reserves 77 5 million barrels 12 32 10 6 m3 1 January 2006 Natural gas production 557 million cubic metres 2012 Natural gas consumption 2 84 billion cubic metres 2012 21 In a 2022 IEA commentary it was noted that Serbia relies entirely on Russian gas imports The country signed a three year contract with Gazprom in May 2022 for 2 2 billion cubic meters annually The anticipated Bulgaria Serbia interconnector offering 1 8 billion cubic meters per year from Bulgaria is expected to diversify Serbia s gas sources 22 This 170km pipeline becoming operational in December 2023 will allow gas to be supplied to Serbia from Azerbaijan with whom Serbia has signed a supply agreement 23 Renewable energy editSee also Wind power in Serbia Installed capacity of hydro power is 2 835 MW and as of December 2019 wind power capacity is 500 MW 24 25 Serbia also makes use of geothermal and solar energy currently 27 of Serbia s electricity comes from hydro while 4 comes from other renewables 21 Additional 600 MW of wind capacity is planned by 2030 25 See also editList of power stations in Serbia Energy use Energy CommunityReferences edit Energy Profile Serbia PDF International Renewable Energy Agency IRENA August 2023 120 godina elektrifikacije Srbije vreme com in Serbian Retrieved 18 July 2014 Hidroelektrana Vucje teslaways rs in Serbian Retrieved 18 July 2014 Vucje Power Plant a World Heritage Gem voiceofserbia org Retrieved 18 July 2014 Hidroelektrana Gamzigrad teslaways rs in Serbian Retrieved 18 July 2014 Nine decades of hydroelectric power station Moravica in Ivanjica vibilia rs politika rs Retrieved 18 July 2014 Oteta elektrana temelj buduce Elektroprivrede te ko rs in Serbian Archived from the original on 26 July 2014 Retrieved 18 July 2014 Proizvodni kapaciteti eps rs in Serbian Archived from the original on 15 January 2018 Retrieved 15 January 2018 EPS Energy Fundamentals Archived from the original on 6 November 2013 Retrieved 15 June 2013 Godisnji izvestaj o nacionalnom rezidualnom miksu 2017 https ems rs media uploads 2018 Garancije 20porekla Godisnji izve C5 A1taj o nacionalnom pdf bare URL PDF http www ems rs media uploads 2018 Garancije 20porekla Godisnji izvestaj o nacionalnom rezidualnom miksu 2019 pdf bare URL PDF https ems rs media uploads 2021 Garancije 20porekla Godisnji 20izve C5 A1taj 20o 20nacionalnom 20rezidualnom 20miksu 20 202020 pdf bare URL PDF Serbia to invest 7 1bn in new power production capacities by 2040 www power technology com Retrieved 2021 12 17 Sekularac Ivana Vasovic Aleksandar 2021 11 04 Serbia eyes 17 bln euro investment in renewable energy in next 20 years Reuters Retrieved 2021 12 17 Cooperation of Vojvodina and NIS in the field of geothermal energy Serbia s NIS to expand in four E European states Reuters 2 September 2011 Archived from the original on 20 August 2016 NIS plans to invest into Romania several hundred million euros NIS and RAGF signed an Agreement on Exploration in Hungary Transport prirodnog gasa Srbijagas Archived from the original on 2013 10 29 Retrieved 2013 11 05 a b Serbia 8 December 2021 Accelerating energy diversification in Central and Eastern Europe Analysis IEA 2022 09 14 Retrieved 2024 04 01 The Serbia Bulgaria gas interconnection will soon start on a trial basis 3 December 2023 Electric Power Industry of Serbia 2004 PDF RENEUER Archived from the original PDF on 5 November 2010 Retrieved 15 June 2013 a b Srbija ce do 2020 godine dostici 500 MW struje iz SNAGE VETRA Blic rs in Serbian Retrieved 2019 12 20 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Energy in Serbia amp oldid 1217930693 Renewable energy, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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