Eucalyptus macrorhyncha
Eucalyptus macrorhyncha, commonly known as the red stringybark,[3] is a species of medium-sized tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has rough, stringy, grey to brown bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and hemispherical fruit.
| Red stringybark | |
|---|---|
| Eucalyptus macrorhyncha in Maranoa Gardens | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Myrtales |
| Family: | Myrtaceae |
| Genus: | Eucalyptus |
| Species: | E. macrorhyncha |
| Binomial name | |
| Eucalyptus macrorhyncha | |
| E. macrorhyncha, field distribution | |
Description edit
Eucalyptus macrorhyncha is a tree that typically grows to a height of 12–35 m (39–115 ft) and forms a lignotuber. It has rough, stringy, grey to reddish brown bark on the trunk and branches. Young plants and coppice regrowth have egg-shaped leaves 25–105 mm (0.98–4.13 in) long and 20–52 mm (0.79–2.05 in) wide. Adult leaves are lance-shaped to curved, the same dull to glossy green colour on both sides, 75–140 mm (3.0–5.5 in) long and 12–38 mm (0.47–1.50 in) wide on a petiole 7–20 mm (0.28–0.79 in) long. The flower buds are arranged in groups of seven, nine or eleven in leaf axils on an unbranched peduncle 7–18 mm (0.28–0.71 in) long, the individual buds on pedicels 4–6 mm (0.16–0.24 in) long. Mature buds are diamond-shaped, 5–9 mm (0.20–0.35 in) long and 4–5 mm (0.16–0.20 in) wide with a beaked operculum. Flowering occurs between February and July and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody hemispherical or shortened spherical capsule 3–7 mm (0.12–0.28 in) long and 6–12 mm (0.24–0.47 in) wide with the valves protruding above the rim of the fruit.[3][4][5][6]
Near Bundarra and Barraba, this species is difficult to distinguish from E. laevopinea.[4]
Taxonomy and naming edit
Eucalyptus macrorhyncha was first formally described in 1867 by George Bentham based on specimens collected by Frederick Adamson and by Ferdinand von Mueller who gave the species its name and wrote an unpublished description. The formal description was published in Flora Australiensis.[7][8]
In 1973, Lawrie Johnson and Donald Blaxell changed the name of Eucalyptus cannonii to E. macrorhyncha subsp. cannonii and the names of the two subspecies are accepted by the Australian Plant Census:
- Eucalyptus macrorhyncha subsp. cannonii (R.T.Baker) L.A.S.Johnson & Blaxell[9] has larger buds and wider fruit with more protruding valves than subspecies macrorhyncha;[4]
- Eucalyptus macrorhyncha F.Muell. ex Benth. subsp. macrorhyncha.[10]
The Wiradjuri people of New South Wales use the name gundhay for the species.[11]
Distribution and habitat edit
Red stringybark occurs on ranges and tablelands of New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory and Victoria, with a small, disjunct population in the Spring Gully Conservation Park south-west of Clare in South Australia.[3][6][12][13]
Conservation status edit
E. macrorhyncha is listed as a least concern species with the International Union for the Conservation of Nature as it is spread over a broad geographic range and has an estimated extent of occurrence of 702,982 km2 (271,423 sq mi) and an estimated area of occupancy of 2,228 km2 (860 sq mi). Although it is also noted that it has a severely fragmented population that is in decline.[1]
Gallery edit
- leaf
- fruit
- bark
References edit
- ^ a b Fensham, R.; Laffineur, B.; Collingwood, T. (5 June 2019). "Eucalyptus macrorhyncha". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T133375637A133375639. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T133375637A133375639.en. Retrieved 22 June 2023.
- ^ "Eucalyptus macrorhyncha". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 22 September 2019.
- ^ a b c Hill, Ken. "Eucalyptus macrorhyncha". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 22 September 2019.
- ^ a b c "Eucalyptus macrorhyncha subsp. macrorhyncha". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
- ^ Chippendale, George M. "Eucalyptus macrorhyncha". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. Retrieved 22 September 2019.
- ^ a b Brooker, M. Ian H.; Slee, Andrew. "Eucalyptus macrorhyncha". Royal Botanic Gardens, Victoria. Retrieved 22 September 2019.
- ^ "Eucalyptus macrocarpa". APNI. Retrieved 22 September 2019.
- ^ Bentham, George; von Mueller, Ferdinand (1867). Flora Australiensis (Volume 3). London: Lovell Reeve & Co. p. 207. Retrieved 22 September 2019.
- ^ "Eucalyptus macrorhyncha subsp. cannonii". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 22 September 2019.
- ^ "Eucalyptus macrorhyncha subsp. macrorhyncha". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 22 September 2019.
- ^ Williams, Alice; Sides, Tim, eds. (2008). Wiradjuri Plant Use in the Murrumbidgee Catchment. Murrumbidgee Catchment Management Authority. p. 34. ISBN 0 7347 5856 1.
- ^ "Spring Valley Conservation Park". Australian Government Department of the Environment and Energy. Retrieved 22 September 2019.
- ^ Brooker, M.I.H. & Kleinig, D.A. Field Guide to Eucalyptus, Bloomings, Melbourne 2001