fbpx
Wikipedia

Abies magnifica

January 01, 1970

Abies magnifica, the red fir or silvertip fir, is a western North American fir, native to the mountains of southwest Oregon and California in the United States. It is a high-elevation tree, typically occurring at 1,400–2,700 metres (4,600–8,900 ft) elevation, though only rarely reaching tree line. The name red fir derives from the bark color of old trees.

Abies magnifica
Red fir forest, Giant Sequoia National Monument
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Gymnospermae
Division: Pinophyta
Class: Pinopsida
Order: Pinales
Family: Pinaceae
Genus: Abies
Section: Abies sect. Nobilis
Species:
A. magnifica
Binomial name
Abies magnifica
Natural range of Abies magnifica

Description edit

Abies magnifica is a large evergreen tree typically up to 40–60 metres (130–200 ft) tall and 2 m (6 ft 7 in) trunk diameter, rarely to 76.5 m (251 ft) tall and 3 m (9 ft 10 in) diameter, with a narrow conic crown. The bark on young trees is smooth, grey, and has resin blisters, becoming orange-red, rough and fissured on old trees. The leaves are needle-like, 2–3.5 centimetres (3⁄4–1+1⁄2 in) long, glaucous blue-green above and below with strong stomatal bands, and an acute tip. They are arranged spirally on the shoot, but twisted slightly S-shaped to be upcurved above the shoot.

The cones are erect, 9–21 cm (3+1⁄2–8+1⁄4 in) long, yellow-green (occasionally purple), ripening brown and disintegrating to release the winged seeds in fall.

 
Abies magnifica: Cones stand upright on branches.
 
Abies magnifica: Needle-like leaves bend upward.

Varieties edit

There are two, perhaps three varieties:

  • Abies magnifica var. magnifica, red fir – cones 14–21 cm (5+1⁄2–8+1⁄4 in) long, bract scales short, not visible on the closed cones. Most of the species' range, primarily in the Sierra Nevada.
  • Abies magnifica var. shastensis, Shasta red fir – cones 14–21 cm (5+1⁄2–8+1⁄4 in) long, bract scales longer, visible on the closed cone; bark 10–15 cm (4–6 in) thick. The northwest of the species' range, in southwest Oregon and Shasta, Siskiyou[2] and Trinity Counties in northwest California.
  • A. magnifica on the eastern slopes of southern Sierra Nevada – possibly a third variety, have not been formally named, also having long bracts, and additionally have smaller cones, 9–15 cm (3+1⁄2–6 in) long.

Related edit

Red fir is very closely related to Abies procera (noble fir), which replaces it further north in the Cascade Range. They are best distinguished by the leaves; noble fir leaves have a groove along the midrib on the upper side, while red fir does not show this. Red fir also tends to have the leaves less closely packed, with the shoot bark visible between the leaves, whereas the shoot is largely hidden in noble fir. Shasta red fir hybridizes with noble fir, with which it is both chemically and microscopically similar;[2] some botanists treat the former as a natural hybrid between red and noble fir.

First recording edit

This tree was first recorded by William Lobb on his expedition to California of 1849–1853, having been overlooked previously by David Douglas.[3]

Uses edit

The wood is used for general structural purposes and paper manufacture. It is also a popular Christmas tree.

Paiute peoples used the foliage of Shasta red fir (or perhaps noble fir) to treat coughs and colds.[2]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Farjon, A. (2013). "Abies magnifica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42290A2970154. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42290A2970154.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c Arno, Stephen F.; Hammerly, Ramona P. (2020) [1977]. Northwest Trees: Identifying & Understanding the Region's Native Trees (field guide ed.). Seattle: Mountaineers Books. pp. 143–149. ISBN 978-1-68051-329-5. OCLC 1141235469.
  3. ^ Toby Musgrave; Chris Gardner & Will Musgrave (1999). The Plant Hunters. Seven Dials. p. 147. ISBN 1-84188-001-9.

Further reading edit

External links edit

  Media related to Abies magnifica (red fir) at Wikimedia Commons

  • USDA Forest Service: Abies magnifica
  • CalFlora Database: Abies magnifica
  • Arboretum de Villardebelle: Abies magnifica Photos – group 1
  • Arboretum de Villardebelle: Abies magnifica Photos – group 2

January 01, 1970
abies, magnifica, silvertip, western, north, american, native, mountains, southwest, oregon, california, united, states, high, elevation, tree, typically, occurring, metres, elevation, though, only, rarely, reaching, tree, line, name, derives, from, bark, colo. Abies magnifica the red fir or silvertip fir is a western North American fir native to the mountains of southwest Oregon and California in the United States It is a high elevation tree typically occurring at 1 400 2 700 metres 4 600 8 900 ft elevation though only rarely reaching tree line The name red fir derives from the bark color of old trees Abies magnifica Red fir forest Giant Sequoia National Monument Conservation status Least Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Clade Gymnospermae Division Pinophyta Class Pinopsida Order Pinales Family Pinaceae Genus Abies Section Abies sect Nobilis Species A magnifica Binomial name Abies magnificaA Murray bis Natural range of Abies magnifica Contents 1 Description 1 1 Varieties 1 2 Related 2 First recording 3 Uses 4 See also 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External linksDescription editAbies magnifica is a large evergreen tree typically up to 40 60 metres 130 200 ft tall and 2 m 6 ft 7 in trunk diameter rarely to 76 5 m 251 ft tall and 3 m 9 ft 10 in diameter with a narrow conic crown The bark on young trees is smooth grey and has resin blisters becoming orange red rough and fissured on old trees The leaves are needle like 2 3 5 centimetres 3 4 1 1 2 in long glaucous blue green above and below with strong stomatal bands and an acute tip They are arranged spirally on the shoot but twisted slightly S shaped to be upcurved above the shoot The cones are erect 9 21 cm 3 1 2 8 1 4 in long yellow green occasionally purple ripening brown and disintegrating to release the winged seeds in fall nbsp Abies magnifica Cones stand upright on branches nbsp Abies magnifica Needle like leaves bend upward Varieties edit There are two perhaps three varieties Abies magnifica var magnifica red fir cones 14 21 cm 5 1 2 8 1 4 in long bract scales short not visible on the closed cones Most of the species range primarily in the Sierra Nevada Abies magnifica var shastensis Shasta red fir cones 14 21 cm 5 1 2 8 1 4 in long bract scales longer visible on the closed cone bark 10 15 cm 4 6 in thick The northwest of the species range in southwest Oregon and Shasta Siskiyou 2 and Trinity Counties in northwest California A magnifica on the eastern slopes of southern Sierra Nevada possibly a third variety have not been formally named also having long bracts and additionally have smaller cones 9 15 cm 3 1 2 6 in long Related edit Red fir is very closely related to Abies procera noble fir which replaces it further north in the Cascade Range They are best distinguished by the leaves noble fir leaves have a groove along the midrib on the upper side while red fir does not show this Red fir also tends to have the leaves less closely packed with the shoot bark visible between the leaves whereas the shoot is largely hidden in noble fir Shasta red fir hybridizes with noble fir with which it is both chemically and microscopically similar 2 some botanists treat the former as a natural hybrid between red and noble fir First recording editThis tree was first recorded by William Lobb on his expedition to California of 1849 1853 having been overlooked previously by David Douglas 3 Uses editThe wood is used for general structural purposes and paper manufacture It is also a popular Christmas tree Paiute peoples used the foliage of Shasta red fir or perhaps noble fir to treat coughs and colds 2 See also editSierra Nevada subalpine zoneReferences edit Farjon A 2013 Abies magnifica IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013 e T42290A2970154 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2013 1 RLTS T42290A2970154 en Retrieved 19 November 2021 a b c Arno Stephen F Hammerly Ramona P 2020 1977 Northwest Trees Identifying amp Understanding the Region s Native Trees field guide ed Seattle Mountaineers Books pp 143 149 ISBN 978 1 68051 329 5 OCLC 1141235469 Toby Musgrave Chris Gardner amp Will Musgrave 1999 The Plant Hunters Seven Dials p 147 ISBN 1 84188 001 9 Further reading editChase J Smeaton 1911 Abies magnifica Red fir Balsam fir Magnificent Silver fir Cone bearing Trees of the California Mountains Eytel Carl illustrations Chicago A C McClurg amp Co pp 72 74 LCCN 11004975 OCLC 3477527 External links edit nbsp Media related to Abies magnifica red fir at Wikimedia Commons USDA Forest Service Abies magnifica CalFlora Database Abies magnifica Gymnosperm Database Abies magnifica Arboretum de Villardebelle Abies magnifica Photos group 1 Arboretum de Villardebelle Abies magnifica Photos group 2 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Abies magnifica amp oldid 1191422422, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.