Prunus × eminens or Prunus eminens is a species of small cherry tree native to central Europe.[a] It is a naturally occurring hybrid of sour cherry, Prunus cerasus, and dwarf cherry, Prunus fruticosa, occasionally found where their ranges overlap. Like its parents, it is a tetraploid with 32 chromosomes. It is forming a hybrid swarm with, and threatening to extirpate, P.fruticosa in much of its western range through genetic pollution.[4]
Prunus × eminens
Prunus × eminens 'Umbraculifera' in bloom at the Buda Arboretum in Hungary
It is difficult to distinguish P.×eminens from P.fruticosa based on vegetative characters alone. This task is made even more complicated by the high level of genetic introgression from P.×eminens to P.fruticosa, such that pure specimens of P.fruticosa might not be available for comparison.[4] It is a small tree, usually 3 to 5m tall, with very rare specimens reaching7 m. The crown is spherical. The white flowers are about 1.5cm wide, and the fruits are a crimson red. The small ovate leaves turn a vibrant orange in the fall.[citation needed]
Distribution and habitatedit
P. × eminens takes after P. fruticosa in preferring open, steppe-like habitat, although it also grows in forest edges. In the wild it is chiefly found in central Europe, in the western part of the range of P. fruticosa and largely over-lapping and supplanting it there.[4]
Cultivationedit
Canadian researchers have crossed the parent species and selected the offspring to create cultivars which are marketed as Mongolian cherry[b] or dwarf sour cherry by commercial nurseries. A further backcross of P.cerasus with P.×eminens has yielded a cultivar dubbed 'SK Carmine Jewel', with follow-on cultivars 'Crimson Passion', 'Juliet' and 'Romeo', which produce cherries at the northernmost limits of viable Prunus production. These cultivars have a tidy spherical growth habit, are very cold hardy (to USDA Hardiness Zone 4a or better), and their high sugar content fruit makes good pies, jams and jellies.[5][6] A cultivar named Prunus × eminens 'Umbraculifera', with a slightly weeping form when mature, is commercially available as an ornamental.[7][c] Unlike the agricultural cultivars, 'Umbraculifera' is not a heavy fruit producer, but produces sufficient pollen to be useful for honey production.[citation needed]
Usesedit
Some tests have been conducted to assay its usefulness as a dwarfing rootstock for other Prunus species. The small size and spherical growth form of P. × eminens 'Umbraculifera', and its autumn finery and cold hardiness make it useful as a street tree. It does well in containers and on green roofs. It is planted in cities from Sweden to Hungary and Ukraine. Commercial nurseries graft the compact spherical crowns to other Prunus stems to produce taller standard forms with a lollipop-like appeal.[citation needed]
Notesedit
^in German it is called mittlere Weichsel, meaning "semisour cherry", and in Hungarian it called gömbmeggy meaning "ball cherry" or gömb csepleszmeggy meaning "ball drooping cherry"
^ abWójcicki, Jan J.; Marhold, Karol (January 1993). "Variability, hybridization and distribution of Prunus fruticosa (Rosaceae) in the Czech Republic and Slovakia". Polish Botanical Studies. 5: 9–24. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
^ abcMusilová, Lenka (2013). Riziko hybridizace ohrožené třešně křovité (Prunus fruticosa) s pěstovanými zástupci rodu Prunus [Assessing the threat of hybridization between Prunus fruticosa and cultivated Prunus species] (PDF) (Thesis) (in Czech). Charles University in Prague. Retrieved 15 October 2019.
^Janick, Jules; Paull, Robert E. (March 2008). The Encyclopedia of Fruit & Nuts. Cabi. p. 732. ISBN9780851996387.
^"Canadian Dwarf Sour Cherries – Prunus x kerrasis". Fruit Index. North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station. Retrieved 20 December 2020. …will probably be named Prunus × kerrasis to honor the work of Dr. Kerr.
^"Prunus x eminens 'Umbraculifera' (Dwarf sour cherry 'Umbraculifera')". Shoot. Shoot Limited. 7 March 2019. Retrieved 14 October 2019.
January 01, 1970
prunus, eminens, prunus, eminens, species, small, cherry, tree, native, central, europe, naturally, occurring, hybrid, sour, cherry, prunus, cerasus, dwarf, cherry, prunus, fruticosa, occasionally, found, where, their, ranges, overlap, like, parents, tetraploi. Prunus eminens or Prunus eminens is a species of small cherry tree native to central Europe a It is a naturally occurring hybrid of sour cherry Prunus cerasus and dwarf cherry Prunus fruticosa occasionally found where their ranges overlap Like its parents it is a tetraploid with 32 chromosomes It is forming a hybrid swarm with and threatening to extirpate P fruticosa in much of its western range through genetic pollution 4 Prunus eminens Prunus eminens Umbraculifera in bloom at the Buda Arboretum in Hungary Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Clade Angiosperms Clade Eudicots Clade Rosids Order Rosales Family Rosaceae Genus Prunus Species P eminens Binomial name Prunus eminensBeck 1 Synonyms Cerasus eminens Beck Buia Cerasus eminens G Beck Buia Cerasus eminens G Beck J Dostal Cerasus intermedia Loisel Cerasus klokovii Sobko 2 Prunus javorkae Karpati 2 Cerasus javorkae 3 Contents 1 Description 2 Distribution and habitat 3 Cultivation 4 Uses 5 Notes 6 ReferencesDescription editIt is difficult to distinguish P eminens from P fruticosa based on vegetative characters alone This task is made even more complicated by the high level of genetic introgression from P eminens to P fruticosa such that pure specimens of P fruticosa might not be available for comparison 4 It is a small tree usually 3 to 5 m tall with very rare specimens reaching 7 m The crown is spherical The white flowers are about 1 5 cm wide and the fruits are a crimson red The small ovate leaves turn a vibrant orange in the fall citation needed Distribution and habitat editP eminens takes after P fruticosa in preferring open steppe like habitat although it also grows in forest edges In the wild it is chiefly found in central Europe in the western part of the range of P fruticosa and largely over lapping and supplanting it there 4 Cultivation editCanadian researchers have crossed the parent species and selected the offspring to create cultivars which are marketed as Mongolian cherry b or dwarf sour cherry by commercial nurseries A further backcross of P cerasus with P eminens has yielded a cultivar dubbed SK Carmine Jewel with follow on cultivars Crimson Passion Juliet and Romeo which produce cherries at the northernmost limits of viable Prunus production These cultivars have a tidy spherical growth habit are very cold hardy to USDA Hardiness Zone 4a or better and their high sugar content fruit makes good pies jams and jellies 5 6 A cultivar named Prunus eminens Umbraculifera with a slightly weeping form when mature is commercially available as an ornamental 7 c Unlike the agricultural cultivars Umbraculifera is not a heavy fruit producer but produces sufficient pollen to be useful for honey production citation needed Uses editSome tests have been conducted to assay its usefulness as a dwarfing rootstock for other Prunus species The small size and spherical growth form of P eminens Umbraculifera and its autumn finery and cold hardiness make it useful as a street tree It does well in containers and on green roofs It is planted in cities from Sweden to Hungary and Ukraine Commercial nurseries graft the compact spherical crowns to other Prunus stems to produce taller standard forms with a lollipop like appeal citation needed Notes edit in German it is called mittlere Weichsel meaning semisour cherry and in Hungarian it called gombmeggy meaning ball cherry or gomb csepleszmeggy meaning ball drooping cherry Prunus fruticosa is also called Mongolian cherry some sources opine that the ornamental cultivar called Prunus fruticosa Globosa is a synonym of Prunus eminens Umbraculifera References edit Fl Nieder Osterreich 2 2 part 1 821 1893 a b Wojcicki Jan J Marhold Karol January 1993 Variability hybridization and distribution of Prunus fruticosa Rosaceae in the Czech Republic and Slovakia Polish Botanical Studies 5 9 24 Retrieved 25 December 2019 Karpati Soo a b c Musilova Lenka 2013 Riziko hybridizace ohrozene tresne krovite Prunus fruticosa s pestovanymi zastupci roduPrunus Assessing the threat of hybridization betweenPrunus fruticosaand cultivatedPrunusspecies PDF Thesis in Czech Charles University in Prague Retrieved 15 October 2019 Janick Jules Paull Robert E March 2008 The Encyclopedia of Fruit amp Nuts Cabi p 732 ISBN 9780851996387 Canadian Dwarf Sour Cherries Prunus x kerrasis Fruit Index North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station Retrieved 20 December 2020 will probably be named Prunus kerrasis to honor the work of Dr Kerr Prunus x eminens Umbraculifera Dwarf sour cherry Umbraculifera Shoot Shoot Limited 7 March 2019 Retrieved 14 October 2019 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Prunus eminens amp oldid 1191784682, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
