List of ports in India
India has a coastline spanning 7516.6 kilometres, forming one of the biggest peninsulas in the world. According to the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, around 95 per cent of India's trading by volume and 68 per cent by value is done through maritime transport. It is serviced by 13 major ports (12 Government-owned and one private) and 187 notified minor and intermediate ports. India's major ports handled highest ever cargo of 795 million tonne in FY23.[1]India has 12 major ports -- Deendayal (Kandla), Mumbai, Mormugao, New Mangalore, Cochin, Chennai, Ennore (Kamarajar), Tuticorin (V O Chidambaranar), Visakhapatnam, Paradip and Kolkata (including Haldia) and Jawaharlal Nehru Port. Port Blair which was notified as major port in 2010 was removed of its status recently. The total 200 major and non-major ports are present in the following States: Maharashtra (53); Gujarat (40); Kerala (20); Tamil Nadu (15); Karnataka (10) and others (63).[2] Government of India plans to build new greenfield ports and also built associated infrastructure such as railway lines through the 2015 established Sagarmala project,[3] and National Maritime Development Programme.[4]
Classification of ports
Indian government has a federal structure, and according to its constitution, maritime transport is to be administered by both the Central and the State governments. While the central government's shipping ministry administers the major ports, the minor and intermediate ports are administered by the relevant departments or ministries in the nine coastal states of Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal. Several of these 187 minor and intermediate ports have been identified by the respective governments to be developed, in a phased manner, a good proportion of them involving public–private partnership.
Ship breaking
As of January 2020[update], India has 30% share of ship breaking with annual US$1.1 billion revenue. India is a signatory to Hong Kong International Convention for the safe and environmentally sound recycling of ships. India plans to pass the "Recycling of Ships Act, 2019" to ratify the Hong Kong treaty. This will allow India to capture its targeted 60% in the global ship breaking business while doubling the annual to US$2.3 billion target.[5] India's Alang-Sosiya Ship Breaking Yard is world's largest ships' graveyard.[5] Other ship graveyards in India is the Steel Industrials Kerala Limited breaking unit.[6]
Cargo handled
The following table gives the detailed data about the 28 major & big ports of India.[7] (Source: Indian Ports Association and Indian Private Ports & Terminals Association )
| No. | Name | Estb. Date/Year | Image | City | State | Cargo Handled (FY2022-23) | Container Traffic (FY2022-23) | Ownership | Coast | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| million tonnes | % Increase (over previous FY) | '000 TEUs | % Increase (over previous FY) | ||||||||
| 1 | Mundra Port | 1998 | Mundra | Gujarat | 150 | Adani Group | Western | ||||
| 2 | Deendayal Port Trust | 1965 | Kandla | Gujarat | 137.0[8] | 4.42% ↑ | 117 | 95.73% ↑ | Government of India | Western | |
| 3 | Paradip Port Authority | 18th April 1966 | Paradeep | Odisha | 135[9] | 14.68% ↑ | 7 | 71.43% ↑ | Government of India | Eastern | |
| 4 | Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust | 1988 | Navi Mumbai | Maharashtra | 75.94 | 6.20% ↑ | 4,833 | 6.89% ↑ | Government of India | Western | |
| 5 | Haldia Port Trust | 1967 | Haldia | West Bengal | 65.66 | 18.61% ↑ | 115 | 3.45% ↑ | Government of India | Eastern | |
| 6 | Visakhapatnam Port Trust | 1933 | Visakhapatnam | Andhra Pradesh | 63.54 | 4.12% ↑ | 389 | 5.66% ↑ | Government of India | Eastern | |
| 7 | Mumbai Port Trust | 1873 | Mumbai | Maharashtra | 62.83 | -0.35% ↓ | 42 | -2.38% ↓ | Government of India | Western | |
| 8 | Syama Prasad Mookerjee Port Trust | 1870 | Kolkata | West Bengal | 57.89 | 13.61% ↑ | 796 | 3.02% ↑ | Government of India | Eastern | |
| 9 | Karaikal Port | 2009 | Karaikal | Puducherry | 55 | Adani Group | Eastern | ||||
| 10 | Chennai Port Trust | 1881 | Chennai | Tamil Nadu | 51.88 | 3.32% ↑ | 1,549 | 3.49% ↑ | Government of India | Eastern | |
| 11 | JSW Jaigad Port | 2006 | Ratnagiri district | Maharashtra | 50 | JSW Group | Western | ||||
| 12 | Krishnapatnam Port | 2008 | Krishnapatnam | Andhra Pradesh | 45 | Adani Group | Eastern | ||||
| 13 | New Mangaluru Port Trust | 1974 | Mangaluru | Karnataka | 42.06 | 5.28% ↑ | 115 | 17.39% ↑ | Government of India | Western | |
| 14 | Kamarajar Port | 2001 | Ennore | Tamil Nadu | 38 | Adani Group | Eastern | ||||
| 15 | V.O. Chidambaranar Port Trust | 1974 | Thoothukkudi | Tamil Nadu | 36.58 | -4.91% ↓ | 698 | 8.02% ↑ | Government of India | Eastern | |
| 16 | JSW Dharamtar Port | 2012 | Alibag | Maharastra | 34 | JSW Group | Western | ||||
| 17 | Cochin Port Trust | 1928 | Kochi | Kerala | 32.02 | 16.52% ↑ | 735 | 11.69% ↑ | Government of India | Western | |
| 18 | Hazira Port | 2013 | Hazira | Gujarat | 30 | Adani Group | Western | ||||
| 19 | Dighi Port | 2000 | Raigad district | Maharashtra | 30 | Adani Group | Eastern | ||||
| 20 | Mormugao Port Trust | 1985 | Mormugao | Goa | 26.90 | -18.94% ↓ | 32 | 6.25% ↑ | Government of India | Western | |
| 21 | Dhamra Port | 2011 | Bhadrak district | Odisha | 25 | Adani Group | Eastern | ||||
| 22 | Gopalpur port | 2013 | Chhatrapur | Odisha | 25 | Shapoorji Pallonji Group | Eastern | ||||
| 23 | Gangavaram Port | 2009 | Visakhapatnam | Andhra Pradesh | 18.04 | Adani Group | Eastern | ||||
| 24 | Kattupalli Port | 2012 | Kattupalli | Tamil Nadu | 18 | Adani Group | Eastern | ||||
| 25 | Dahej Port | 2010 | Bharuch district | Gujarat | 17.5 | Adani Group | Western | ||||
| 26 | Kakinada Port | 1999 | East Godavari | Andra Pradesh | 14 | Aurobindo Group | Eastern | ||||
| 27 | Tuna Port | 2022[10] | Tuna | Gujarat | 14 | Adani Group | Western | ||||
| 28 | APM Terminals Pipavav | 2002 | Pipavav | Gujarat | 2 | -46% ↓ | 1.35 | Maersk | Western | ||
| All Ports | India | 1,234.1 | 4.77% ↑ | 9,138 | 7.62% ↑ | - | |||||
Port Handling Equipment
India has multiple port machinery companies such as Elecon Engg., TRF, Yellowstone Engineers India Pvt Ltd, McNally Bharat Engineering etc.
Partially opened ports
These type of ports are partially constructed or undergoing mass expansion due to which they are operating without full capacity.
| Name | Location | Type | Ownership |
|---|---|---|---|
| Angré Port | Jaigad, Maharashtra | Dry/Bulk | Chowgule Group |
| Agardanda Shipyard & Terminals | Agardanda, Maharashtra | Container/Bulk | Adani Group |
| Bhavnagar Port | Bhavnagar, Gujarat | CNG/Bulk | Government of Gujarat |
| Karanja Port[11] | Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra | Container | Mercantile Ports and Logistics (MPL) |
| JSW Salav Port | Salav, Maharashtra | Dry/Bulk | JSW Infrastructure |
| Rohini Yard | Rohini, Maharashtra | Dry/Bulk | DAS Offshore Ltd. |
| Konkan Terminal | Dabhol, Maharashtra | LNG | GAIL |
List of terminals
These are classified as terminals not ports, these can be easily upgraded to container ports
| Name | Location | Status | Type | Ownership |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bhavnagar Port | Bhavnagar, Gujarat | under-construction | CNG/Bulk | Government of Gujarat |
| Konkan Terminal | Dabhol, Maharashtra | Completed in 2018 | LNG | GAIL |
| Chhara LNG Terminal | Chhara, Gujarat | under-construction | LNG | HPCL |
| Kochi LNG Terminal | Kochi, Kerala | Completed in 2013 | LNG | Petronet LNG |
| Kukrahati LNG Terminal | Kukrahati,West Bengal | under-construction | LNG | H-Energy |
| Jaigad Terminal | Jaigad, Maharashtra | Completed in 2022 | LNG | H-Energy |
| Jafrabad Terminal | Jafrabad,Gujarat | under-construction | LNG | Swan Energy |
| Sikka Port | Sikka, Gujarat | Completed in 1997 | Oil | Reliance Industries |
| Vadinar Port | Vadinar,Gujarat | Completed in 1978 | Oil | Indian Oil, Nayara Energy |
Apart from this there are also LNG Terminals in ports such as Dahej, GAIL Kakinada FSRU, Hazira LNG Terminal, Krishnapatnam FSRU, Mumbai FSRU, Ennore LNG Terminal, Dhamra LNG Terminal, Chennai LNG Terminal etc.
References
- ^ "India's Major Ports Handled Highest Ever Cargo Of 795 Million Tonne In FY23: Sarbananda Sonowal". Outlook. Press Trust of India. 28 April 2023.
- ^ "MoS, GoI". Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 March 2019.
- ^ "Cabinet gives 'in principle' nod to concept of Sagarmala project". Economic Times, Times of India. 27 March 2015. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
- ^ "National Maritime Development Programme". Press Information Bureau, Government of India. 17 December 2015. Retrieved 3 February 2022.
- ^ a b India eyes 60 per cent share of global ship recycling business; higher GDP contribution, Economic Times, 30 December 2019.
- ^ Sucheth, P R (26 May 2014). "Locals up in Arms against SILK Ship-breaking Unit". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 3 February 2022.
- ^ "Operational Details". Indian Ports Association. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
- ^ "DPA Kandla highlights Major achievements of FY 2022-23 during Annual Press Meet - India Shipping News". 6 April 2023.
- ^ "Paradip Port eyes top spot among major ports, aims at 150 mt cargo handling this fiscal - ET EnergyWorld".
- ^ "Union Cabinet decision: Kutch to get 2 new port terminals at Rs 5,963 crore". 13 October 2022.
- ^ Birkett, Holly (19 August 2015). "India's Karanja port project may be underway again". splash247.com. splash247. Retrieved 19 August 2015.
External links
- Indian Port List - Best Major 12