Cerioporus squamosus aka Polyporus squamosus is a basidiomycetebracket fungus, with common names including dryad's saddle and pheasant's back mushroom.[2] It has a widespread distribution, being found in North America, Australia, Asia, and Europe, where it causes a white rot in the heartwood of living and dead hardwood trees. The name "dryad's saddle" refers to creatures in Greek mythology called dryads who could conceivably sit and rest on this mushroom, whereas the pheasant's back analogy derives from the pattern of colors on the bracket matching that of a pheasant's back.
Squamosus comes from the Latin squamosus meaning covered with scales or scaly,[3] referring to the signature dark brown scales found on the mushroom's cap.
Taxonomyedit
The species was first described scientifically by British botanist William Hudson in 1778, who named it Boletus squamosus.[4] It was given its current name in 1886 by Quélet but is still widely known by the Friesian name "Polyporus squamosus".[5]
Descriptionedit
Dryad's saddle is an annual[6] mushroom commonly found attached to dead logs and stumps or on living hardwood trees at one point with a thick stem. Generally, the fruit body is round and between 8–30 centimetres (3–12 inches) across and up to 10 cm (4 in) thick. The body can be yellow to brown and has "squamules" or scales on its upper side. On the underside one can see the pores that are characteristic of the genus Cerioporus; they are made up of tubes packed together closely. The tubes are between 1 and 12 mm (1⁄32 and 15⁄32 in) long. The stalk is thick and short, up to 5 cm (2 in) long.[2] The fruit body will produce a white spore print if laid onto a sheet of paper. The spores are 11-15 x 4-5 µm and are long and smooth ellipsoids. They can be found alone, in clusters of two or three, or forming shelves. Young specimens are soft but toughen with age. It is particularly common on dead elm and is also found on living maple trees.
Distribution and habitatedit
This organism is common and widespread, being found east of the Rocky Mountains in the United States and over much of Europe. It is also found in Australia and Asia. It commonly fruits in the spring, occasionally during autumn, and rarely during other seasons. Many mushroom hunters will stumble upon this when looking for morels during the spring as both have similar fruiting times, and this fungus can grow to a noticeable size of up to 50 cm (20 in) across.[7] It plays an important role in woodland ecosystems by decomposing wood, usually elm, silver maple, or box elder[6] but is occasionally a parasite on living trees. Other tree hosts include ash, beech, horse chestnut, Persian walnut, lime, maple, planetree, poplar, magnolia, and willow.[8]
Edibility and usesedit
Edible when young.[9] They can become infested with maggots and become firm, rubbery and inedible as they mature. Cookbooks dealing with preparation generally recommend gathering these while young, slicing them into small pieces and cooking them over a low heat. Some people value the thick, stiff paper that can be made from this and many other mushrooms of the genus Cerioporus. The mushroom's smell resembles watermelon rind.[2]Polyporus squamosus has a mild nutty flavour.
^"Species synonymy for Cerioporus squamosus (Huds.) Fr". Species Fungorum. CAB International. Retrieved 2019-09-27.
^ abcSpahr DL. (2009). Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms of New England and Eastern Canada. Richmond, Calif: North Atlantic Books. pp. 131–35. ISBN978-1-55643-795-3. Retrieved 2010-05-28.
^Barnhart, Robert K. (1988). The Barnhart Dictionary of Etymology: The Core Vocabulary of Standard English. H. W. Wilson Company. p. 1054. ISBN0-8242-0745-9. Retrieved 2021-06-15.
^Zmitrovich, Ivan V. (2016). "Lentinoid and Polyporoid Fungi, Two Generic Conglomerates Containing Important Medicinal Mushrooms in Molecular Perspective". International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms. 18 (1): 23–38. doi:10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.v18.i1.40. PMID 27279442. Retrieved 25 May 2016.
^Lonsdale D, Butin H. (1995). Tree Diseases and Disorders: Causes, Biology, and Control in Forest and Amenity Trees. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Oxford University Press. pp. 170–71. ISBN0-19-854932-6. Retrieved 2010-05-28.
^Schmidt O. (2006). Wood and Tree Fungi: Biology, Damage, Protection, and Use. Berlin: Springer. p. 199. ISBN3-540-32138-1. Retrieved 2010-05-28.
^Phillips, Roger (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY: Firefly Books. p. 298. ISBN978-1-55407-651-2.
External linksedit
Mushroom-Collecting.com: Dryad's Saddle, Pheasant Back Mushroom, Hawks Wing (Polyporus squamosus)
February 15, 2024
cerioporus, squamosus, polyporus, squamosus, basidiomycete, bracket, fungus, with, common, names, including, dryad, saddle, pheasant, back, mushroom, widespread, distribution, being, found, north, america, australia, asia, europe, where, causes, white, heartwo. Cerioporus squamosus aka Polyporus squamosus is a basidiomycete bracket fungus with common names including dryad s saddle and pheasant s back mushroom 2 It has a widespread distribution being found in North America Australia Asia and Europe where it causes a white rot in the heartwood of living and dead hardwood trees The name dryad s saddle refers to creatures in Greek mythology called dryads who could conceivably sit and rest on this mushroom whereas the pheasant s back analogy derives from the pattern of colors on the bracket matching that of a pheasant s back Cerioporus squamosusScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom FungiDivision BasidiomycotaClass AgaricomycetesOrder PolyporalesFamily PolyporaceaeGenus CerioporusSpecies C squamosusBinomial nameCerioporus squamosus Huds Quelet 1886 SynonymsPolyporus squamosus Species synonymy 1 Agarico pulpa ulmi Paulet Boletus cellulosus Lightf Boletus juglandis Schaeff Boletus maximus Schumach Boletus michelii Fr Pollini Boletus polymorphus Bull Boletus rangiferinus Bolton Boletus squamosus Huds Bresadolia caucasica Shestunov Bresadolia paradoxa Speg Bresadolia squamosa Huds Teixeira Cerioporus michelii Fr Quel Cerioporus rostkowii Fr Quel Favolus squamosus Huds Ames Melanopus squamosus Huds Pat Polyporellus rostkowii Fr P Karst Polyporellus squamatus Lloyd Pilat Polyporellus squamosus Huds P Karst Polyporellus squamosus f rostkowii Fr Pilat Polyporus alpinus Saut Polyporus caudicinus Murrill Polyporus dissectus Letell Polyporus flabelliformis Pers Polyporus flabelliformis Pers Polyporus infundibuliformis Rostk Polyporus juglandis Schaeff Pers Polyporus michelii Fr Polyporus pallidus Schulzer Polyporus retirugis Bres Ryvarden Polyporus rostkowii Fr Polyporus squamosus Huds Quel Polyporus squamatus Lloyd Polyporus squamosus f michelii Fr Bondartsev Polyporus squamosus f rostkowii Fr Bondartsev Polyporus squamosus var maculatus Velen Polyporus squamosus var polymorphus Bull P W Graff Polyporus ulmi Paulet Polyporus westii Murrill Trametes retirugis Bres Cerioporus squamosusMycological characteristicsPores on hymeniumCap is depressed or offsetHymenium is decurrentStipe is bareSpore print is whiteEcology is saprotrophic or parasiticEdibility is edible or inedibleMushroom Dryad s Saddle Polyporus squamosus Contents 1 Etymology 2 Taxonomy 3 Description 4 Distribution and habitat 5 Edibility and uses 6 Gallery 7 References 8 External linksEtymology editSquamosus comes from the Latin squamosus meaning covered with scales or scaly 3 referring to the signature dark brown scales found on the mushroom s cap Taxonomy editThe species was first described scientifically by British botanist William Hudson in 1778 who named it Boletus squamosus 4 It was given its current name in 1886 by Quelet but is still widely known by the Friesian name Polyporus squamosus 5 Description editDryad s saddle is an annual 6 mushroom commonly found attached to dead logs and stumps or on living hardwood trees at one point with a thick stem Generally the fruit body is round and between 8 30 centimetres 3 12 inches across and up to 10 cm 4 in thick The body can be yellow to brown and has squamules or scales on its upper side On the underside one can see the pores that are characteristic of the genus Cerioporus they are made up of tubes packed together closely The tubes are between 1 and 12 mm 1 32 and 15 32 in long The stalk is thick and short up to 5 cm 2 in long 2 The fruit body will produce a white spore print if laid onto a sheet of paper The spores are 11 15 x 4 5 µm and are long and smooth ellipsoids They can be found alone in clusters of two or three or forming shelves Young specimens are soft but toughen with age It is particularly common on dead elm and is also found on living maple trees Distribution and habitat editThis organism is common and widespread being found east of the Rocky Mountains in the United States and over much of Europe It is also found in Australia and Asia It commonly fruits in the spring occasionally during autumn and rarely during other seasons Many mushroom hunters will stumble upon this when looking for morels during the spring as both have similar fruiting times and this fungus can grow to a noticeable size of up to 50 cm 20 in across 7 It plays an important role in woodland ecosystems by decomposing wood usually elm silver maple or box elder 6 but is occasionally a parasite on living trees Other tree hosts include ash beech horse chestnut Persian walnut lime maple planetree poplar magnolia and willow 8 Edibility and uses editEdible when young 9 They can become infested with maggots and become firm rubbery and inedible as they mature Cookbooks dealing with preparation generally recommend gathering these while young slicing them into small pieces and cooking them over a low heat Some people value the thick stiff paper that can be made from this and many other mushrooms of the genus Cerioporus The mushroom s smell resembles watermelon rind 2 Polyporus squamosus has a mild nutty flavour Gallery editPolyporus squamosus nbsp Forming shelves on the side of a tree nbsp Polyporus squamosus nbsp Polyporus squamosus nbsp Polyporus squamosus nbsp Dryad s saddle on an elder Sambucus nigra in Scotland nbsp Polyporus squamorus pores nbsp Polyporus squamosus secretion nbsp Close up of Polyporus squamosus secretionReferences edit Species synonymy for Cerioporus squamosus Huds Fr Species Fungorum CAB International Retrieved 2019 09 27 a b c Spahr DL 2009 Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms of New England and Eastern Canada Richmond Calif North Atlantic Books pp 131 35 ISBN 978 1 55643 795 3 Retrieved 2010 05 28 Barnhart Robert K 1988 The Barnhart Dictionary of Etymology The Core Vocabulary of Standard English H W Wilson Company p 1054 ISBN 0 8242 0745 9 Retrieved 2021 06 15 Hudson W 1778 Flora Anglica 2 ed p 626 Zmitrovich Ivan V 2016 Lentinoid and Polyporoid Fungi Two Generic Conglomerates Containing Important Medicinal Mushrooms in Molecular Perspective International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms 18 1 23 38 doi 10 1615 intjmedmushrooms v18 i1 40 PMID 27279442 Retrieved 25 May 2016 a b Kuo Michael Polyporus squamosus Retrieved 2021 06 15 Lonsdale D Butin H 1995 Tree Diseases and Disorders Causes Biology and Control in Forest and Amenity Trees Oxford Oxfordshire Oxford University Press pp 170 71 ISBN 0 19 854932 6 Retrieved 2010 05 28 Schmidt O 2006 Wood and Tree Fungi Biology Damage Protection and Use Berlin Springer p 199 ISBN 3 540 32138 1 Retrieved 2010 05 28 Phillips Roger 2010 Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America Buffalo NY Firefly Books p 298 ISBN 978 1 55407 651 2 External links editMushroom Collecting com Polyporus squamosus Dryad s Saddle Mushroom Collecting com Dryad s Saddle Pheasant Back Mushroom Hawks Wing Polyporus squamosus Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cerioporus squamosus amp oldid 1156365180, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
