After the introduction of Islam in the 7th century, Persians adapted the Arabic alphabet to Persian and developed the contemporary Persian alphabet. The Arabic alphabet has 28 characters. An additional four letters were added by Iranians,[1] which resulted in the 32 letters currently present in the Persian alphabet.
Around one thousand years ago, Ibn Muqlah (Persian: ابنِ مقله بيضاوی شيرازی) and his brother created six genres of Iranian calligraphy, namely "Mohaqiq", "Reyhan", "Sols", "Naskh", "Toqi" and "Reqa". These genres were common for four centuries in Persia. In the 7th century (Hijri calendar), Hassan Farsi Kateb combined the "Naskh" and "Reqa" styles and invented a new genre of Persian calligraphy named "Ta'liq". In the 14th century, Mir Ali Tabrizi combined two major scripts of his time, i.e. Naskh and Taliq, and created a new Persian calligraphic style called "Nas’taliq".[1] In the past 500 years Nastaʿlīq (also anglicized as Nastaleeq; Persian: نستعلیقnastaʿlīq) has been the predominant style for writing the Perso-Arabic script.
In the 17th century Morteza Gholi Khan Shamlou and Mohammad Shafi Heravi created a new genre called cursive Nastaʿlīq Shekasteh Nastaʿlīq (Persian: شکسته نستعلیق)). Almost a century later, Abdol-Majid Taleqani, who was a prominent artist at the time, brought this genre to its highest level. This calligraphic style is based on the same rules as Nas’taliq. However, cursive Nas’taliq has a few significant differences: it provides more flexible movements, and it is slightly more stretched and curved. Yadollah Kaboli is one of the most prominent contemporary calligraphers within this style.
Folio of Poetry From the Divan of Sultan Husayn Mirza, c. 1490. Brooklyn Museum.
Calligraphic composition by Shah Mahmud Nishapuri, a 16th-century master of Nasta'liq
Contemporary Persian calligraphyedit
In 1950, the Iran's Association of Calligraphers was founded by Hossein Mirkhani, Ali Akbar Kaveh, Ebrahim Bouzari, Hassan Mirkhani and Mehdi Baiani. For an overview of Persian calligraphy's development within Afghanistan, see "Calligraphy during last two centuries in Afghanistan" (1964), by Azizuddin Vakili.
Modernist movementedit
Zendeh Roudi, Jalil Rasouli, Parviz Tanavoli, and Nima Behnoud use Persian calligraphy and Rumi poetry in dress designing.
Post modernismedit
Abol Atighetchi uses combination of colored naskh, suluth and kufic style calligraphy with large letters in a single large format acrylic painting for his work presentation and circles in gold leaf or simple color to decorate but in the Nastaligh style many colorful geometrical forms and lines are used to modernize the painting and the same technique is used to modernize the large format birds of bessmel (Persian: مرغ بسمل), all drawn with large letters. This style of work can be classified as post-modern.
persian, calligraphy, iranian, calligraphy, persian, خوشن, ویسی, ایرانی, calligraphy, persian, language, most, revered, arts, throughout, history, iran, contents, history, history, nasta, contemporary, modernist, movement, post, modernism, genres, most, notabl. Persian calligraphy or Iranian calligraphy Persian خوشن ویسی ایرانی is the calligraphy of the Persian language It is one of the most revered arts throughout the history of Iran Contents 1 History 1 1 History of Nasta liq 2 Contemporary Persian calligraphy 2 1 Modernist movement 2 2 Post modernism 2 3 Genres 3 Most notable figures 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksHistory edit nbsp Example showing Nastaʿliq s proportion rules citation needed Further information Nastaʿliq History of Nasta liq edit After the introduction of Islam in the 7th century Persians adapted the Arabic alphabet to Persian and developed the contemporary Persian alphabet The Arabic alphabet has 28 characters An additional four letters were added by Iranians 1 which resulted in the 32 letters currently present in the Persian alphabet Around one thousand years ago Ibn Muqlah Persian ابن مقله بيضاوی شيرازی and his brother created six genres of Iranian calligraphy namely Mohaqiq Reyhan Sols Naskh Toqi and Reqa These genres were common for four centuries in Persia In the 7th century Hijri calendar Hassan Farsi Kateb combined the Naskh and Reqa styles and invented a new genre of Persian calligraphy named Ta liq In the 14th century Mir Ali Tabrizi combined two major scripts of his time i e Naskh and Taliq and created a new Persian calligraphic style called Nas taliq 1 In the past 500 years Nastaʿliq also anglicized as Nastaleeq Persian نستعلیق nastaʿliq has been the predominant style for writing the Perso Arabic script In the 17th century Morteza Gholi Khan Shamlou and Mohammad Shafi Heravi created a new genre called cursive Nastaʿliq Shekasteh Nastaʿliq Persian شکسته نستعلیق Almost a century later Abdol Majid Taleqani who was a prominent artist at the time brought this genre to its highest level This calligraphic style is based on the same rules as Nas taliq However cursive Nas taliq has a few significant differences it provides more flexible movements and it is slightly more stretched and curved Yadollah Kaboli is one of the most prominent contemporary calligraphers within this style nbsp Folio of Poetry From the Divan of Sultan Husayn Mirza c 1490 Brooklyn Museum nbsp Calligraphy of Persian poems on large pishtaq at the Agra Fort India nbsp Chalipa panel Mir Emad nbsp Calligraphic composition by Shah Mahmud Nishapuri a 16th century master of Nasta liqContemporary Persian calligraphy editIn 1950 the Iran s Association of Calligraphers was founded by Hossein Mirkhani Ali Akbar Kaveh Ebrahim Bouzari Hassan Mirkhani and Mehdi Baiani For an overview of Persian calligraphy s development within Afghanistan see Calligraphy during last two centuries in Afghanistan 1964 by Azizuddin Vakili Modernist movement edit Zendeh Roudi Jalil Rasouli Parviz Tanavoli and Nima Behnoud use Persian calligraphy and Rumi poetry in dress designing Post modernism edit Abol Atighetchi uses combination of colored naskh suluth and kufic style calligraphy with large letters in a single large format acrylic painting for his work presentation and circles in gold leaf or simple color to decorate but in the Nastaligh style many colorful geometrical forms and lines are used to modernize the painting and the same technique is used to modernize the large format birds of bessmel Persian مرغ بسمل all drawn with large letters This style of work can be classified as post modern Genres edit Nasta liq script Shekasteh Nastaʿliq Cursive Nasta liq Naghashi khat Painting Calligraphy combined Most notable figures editThis article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Persian calligraphy news newspapers books scholar JSTOR August 2015 Learn how and when to remove this template message Mir Ali Tabrizi Mir Emad Gholam Hossein AmirkhaniSee also editCalligraphy Islamic calligraphy List of Persian calligraphersReferences edit a b History Persian Calligraphy All about Persian Calligraphy persiancalligraphy org Archived from the original on 2015 09 04 Retrieved 2021 03 17 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Persian calligraphy Ḡolam Ḥosayn Yusofi Calligraphy Encyclopaedia Iranica at http www iranicaonline org articles calligraphy Brief history of Persian Calligraphy About history of Persian Calligraphy and its different styles Anthology of Iranian Masters of Calligraphy Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Persian calligraphy amp oldid 1212823216, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
