Pak, Kyongni or Bak, Kyoungli[a] (December 2, 1926 – May 5, 2008) was a prominent South Korean novelist.[2] She was born in Tōei, Keishōnan-dō, Chōsen (today Tongyeong, South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea); later she lived in Wonju, Gangwon Province. Bak made her literary debut in 1955, with Gyesan (계산, Calculations). She is, however, most well known for her 20-volume story Toji (토지, The Land), an epic saga set on the turbulent history of Korea during 19th and 20th century. It was later adapted into a movie, a television series and an opera. Toji is regarded as one of the greatest contributions to Korean literature.[3]
Bak, Kyoungli died from lung cancer at the age of 81 on May 5, 2008[4] and many literary writers recollected her as a guide for their literary works and life as a writer.[5] She was posthumously awarded the country's top medal by the newly created Culture Ministry of South Korea for her promoting South Korean arts.[6][7]
Bak, Kyoungli was born as the first daughter to a middle-class family in 1926 in Tōei, Keishōnan-dō. Her birth name was Bak, Geum-i (박금이). Her parents married when her mother was eighteen and her father, Bak, Soo-young (박수영), fourteen. The relationship between her parents did not go well, which deeply affected her life. Her problems started when her father left her mother immediately after her birth. Later, she said that she had both sympathy and contempt toward her mother, but hatred against her father. Her response was to isolate herself in an imaginary world centered around her books.
In 1946, one year after her graduation from Jinju Girls' High school [ko] (진주 고등 여학교), she married Gim, Hangdo (김행도), a clerk of the Office of Monopoly (전매부, now the Korea Tobacco & Ginseng Corporation). However, her problems did not end with her marriage. Her husband was accused of being a communist, then went missing during the Korean War and eventually died in Seodaemun Prison.[8] She lost her 3 year-old baby son in the same year. As a widow, she provided the sole financial support for her daughter and mother.
She began her career as a professional writer in 1955 after a recommendation by the novelist and poet, Kim Tong-ni (김동리). She underwent surgery for breast cancer in the 1960s and had to raise her grandson, Wonbo, after her son-in-law and poet, Kim Ji-ha (김지하) was arrested for allegedly being a communist in the 1970s.[9] She later suffered from lung cancer.[4]
Work
When she debuted, she said "If I had been happy, I would have not begun writing."[8] She also said later, "I live with my mother and daughter and had to support them financially by myself. I began writing since I had hope to get away from my adversity." Her difficult personal life surely influenced her works, where she emphasized human dignity.
She started her career as a writer with the novel, Calculations (계산, Gyesan) and her early work was heavily influenced by her personal circumstances. The narrators in her novels like Time of Distrust (불신 시대, Boolsin Sidae) and Time of Darkness (암흑 시대, Amheuk Sidae) are often women living with their mothers who lost a husband and son, reflecting her own life. In her later work, The Daughters of Pharmacist Kim (김 약국의 딸들, Kimyakgukui Ddaldeul), she emphasizes characters who overcome their difficulties.[10] Later, her point of view became more objective in that her fictional setting moved from the Korean war period to everyday life; employing more varied styles and topics.
Toji (The Land)
Toji (The Land) is the most famous of her novels. This epic novel was started as a serial publication in the September 1969 issue of Modern Literature [ko] (현대 문학, Hyundae Munhak).[11] It took her 25 years to write.[11][12] Its theme is the turbulence at the turn of the 20th century when the Korean people were struggling against Japanese imperialism and has hundreds of characters from across the Korean peninsula; following them from the late 19th century to the early 20th century through Japan’s colonial rule to the division of the peninsula. "Kim, Gilsang" (김길상) and "Choi, Seohee" (최서희), the main protagonists of the novel, like those in her other novels, struggle to save their own dignity in the most turbulent period of Korean history. It employs native folk language and diverse character portrayals, depicting Korea’s modern history through the love of a vast "Mother Earth".
She opened the "Toji Cultural Center" on the site of her original home in Wonju, Gangwon Province, in 1999, to help nurture new writers. She also served as a chairperson of the board of trustees of the "Toji Cultural Foundation [ko]", which was established in 1996.[3]
^ abcdPak Kyongni: South Korean novelist – Author whose epic novel, Toji, is regarded as one of the greatest contributions to Korean literature – The Times (June 8, 2008) (Retrieved on July 10, 2008)
kyongni, park, kyung, redirects, here, south, korean, singer, park, gyeong, this, korean, name, family, name, kyongni, kyoungli, december, 1926, 2008, prominent, south, korean, novelist, born, tōei, keishōnan, chōsen, today, tongyeong, south, gyeongsang, provi. Park Kyung ri redirects here For the South Korean singer see Park Gyeong ree In this Korean name the family name is Pak Pak Kyongni or Bak Kyoungli a December 2 1926 May 5 2008 was a prominent South Korean novelist 2 She was born in Tōei Keishōnan dō Chōsen today Tongyeong South Gyeongsang Province South Korea later she lived in Wonju Gangwon Province Bak made her literary debut in 1955 with Gyesan 계산 Calculations She is however most well known for her 20 volume story Toji 토지 The Land an epic saga set on the turbulent history of Korea during 19th and 20th century It was later adapted into a movie a television series and an opera Toji is regarded as one of the greatest contributions to Korean literature 3 Pak KyongniKorean nameHangul박경리Hanja朴景利Revised RomanizationBak GyeongliMcCune ReischauerBak KyŏngliBirth nameHangul박금이Hanja朴今伊Revised RomanizationBak GeumiMcCune ReischauerPak KŭmiBak Kyoungli died from lung cancer at the age of 81 on May 5 2008 4 and many literary writers recollected her as a guide for their literary works and life as a writer 5 She was posthumously awarded the country s top medal by the newly created Culture Ministry of South Korea for her promoting South Korean arts 6 7 Contents 1 Life 2 Work 3 Toji The Land 4 Works 4 1 In Korean 4 2 In translation 5 Awards 6 Notes 7 ReferencesLife EditBak Kyoungli was born as the first daughter to a middle class family in 1926 in Tōei Keishōnan dō Her birth name was Bak Geum i 박금이 Her parents married when her mother was eighteen and her father Bak Soo young 박수영 fourteen The relationship between her parents did not go well which deeply affected her life Her problems started when her father left her mother immediately after her birth Later she said that she had both sympathy and contempt toward her mother but hatred against her father Her response was to isolate herself in an imaginary world centered around her books In 1946 one year after her graduation from Jinju Girls High school ko 진주 고등 여학교 she married Gim Hangdo 김행도 a clerk of the Office of Monopoly 전매부 now the Korea Tobacco amp Ginseng Corporation However her problems did not end with her marriage Her husband was accused of being a communist then went missing during the Korean War and eventually died in Seodaemun Prison 8 She lost her 3 year old baby son in the same year As a widow she provided the sole financial support for her daughter and mother She began her career as a professional writer in 1955 after a recommendation by the novelist and poet Kim Tong ni 김동리 She underwent surgery for breast cancer in the 1960s and had to raise her grandson Wonbo after her son in law and poet Kim Ji ha 김지하 was arrested for allegedly being a communist in the 1970s 9 She later suffered from lung cancer 4 Work EditWhen she debuted she said If I had been happy I would have not begun writing 8 She also said later I live with my mother and daughter and had to support them financially by myself I began writing since I had hope to get away from my adversity Her difficult personal life surely influenced her works where she emphasized human dignity She started her career as a writer with the novel Calculations 계산 Gyesan and her early work was heavily influenced by her personal circumstances The narrators in her novels like Time of Distrust 불신 시대 Boolsin Sidae and Time of Darkness 암흑 시대 Amheuk Sidae are often women living with their mothers who lost a husband and son reflecting her own life In her later work The Daughters of Pharmacist Kim 김 약국의 딸들 Kimyakgukui Ddaldeul she emphasizes characters who overcome their difficulties 10 Later her point of view became more objective in that her fictional setting moved from the Korean war period to everyday life employing more varied styles and topics Toji The Land EditToji The Land is the most famous of her novels This epic novel was started as a serial publication in the September 1969 issue of Modern Literature ko 현대 문학 Hyundae Munhak 11 It took her 25 years to write 11 12 Its theme is the turbulence at the turn of the 20th century when the Korean people were struggling against Japanese imperialism and has hundreds of characters from across the Korean peninsula following them from the late 19th century to the early 20th century through Japan s colonial rule to the division of the peninsula Kim Gilsang 김길상 and Choi Seohee 최서희 the main protagonists of the novel like those in her other novels struggle to save their own dignity in the most turbulent period of Korean history It employs native folk language and diverse character portrayals depicting Korea s modern history through the love of a vast Mother Earth It has been made into a TV series a movie and an opera It has also been translated into several languages including English German French and Japanese as well as being included in the UNESCO Collection of Representative Works 11 13 14 She opened the Toji Cultural Center on the site of her original home in Wonju Gangwon Province in 1999 to help nurture new writers She also served as a chairperson of the board of trustees of the Toji Cultural Foundation ko which was established in 1996 3 Works EditIn Korean Edit 1955 Calculation 계산 Gyesan 15 16 1956 Black and Black and White and White 흑흑백백 Heukheuk baekbaek 1957 Period of Distrust 불신 시대 Boolsin Sidae 1957 Missions 1958 Love Song 연가 Yeonga 1958 Byeokji 벽지 1958 Time of Darkness 암흑 시대 Amheuk Sidae 1959 Pyoryudo 표류도 1962 The Daughters of Pharmacist Kim 김 약국의 딸들 Kim Yakgukui Ttaldeul 1963 Pasi 파시 1965 The Market and War field 시장과 전장 Sijang gwa Jeonjang 1965 Green Zone Nokjidae 녹지대 1969 1994 Toji 토지 The Land My Mind is Lake 내 마음은 호수 Blue Galaxy 푸른 은하 In translation Edit Land 1 토지 1 Land 2 토지 2 Land 3 토지 3 Land 4 토지 4 Markt und Krieg 시장과 전장 Docheri aptekarya Kima 김 약국의 딸들 The Curse of Kim s Daughters 김 약국의 딸들 土地 第一部 第二卷 토지 1 土地 第一部 第二卷 토지 2 土地 第一部 第三卷 토지 3 金药局家的女儿们 김 약국의 딸들 La Terre 토지 Les filles du Pharmacien Kim 김 약국의 딸들 Awards EditThe Woltan Literature Award for Land Contemporary Literature Hyundae Munhak Award 1958 The Inchon Award 3 Korean Women s Literature Award The Bogwan Order of Cultural Merit awarded 1992 3 Order of Cultural Merit Geum gwan Medal Gold Crown 금관장 awarded posthumously 6 Notes Edit This is the author s preferred Romanization per LTI Korea 1 References Edit Author Database LTI Korea Library Retrieved 25 June 2015 박경리 LTI Korea Library Author Database http library klti or kr node 133 a b c d Pak Kyongni South Korean novelist Author whose epic novel Toji is regarded as one of the greatest contributions to Korean literature The Times June 8 2008 Retrieved on July 10 2008 a b Pak Kyongni 81 author of Korean saga International Herald Tribune 2008 05 06 Retrieved 2008 05 12 Park Soomi Lee Min a 2008 05 08 The loss of a literary luminary JoonAng Daily Retrieved 2008 07 12 a b Park Kyung ni Dies at 82 The Korea Times 05 05 2008 Retrieved on May 12 2008 박경리 朴景利 a 1926 10 28 2008 5 5 in Korean Doosan Encyclopedia Archived from the original on 2005 09 14 Retrieved 2008 07 12 a b Choi Jaebong 최재봉 2008 05 05 박경리 타계 수난의 민족사 품은 한국 문학의 어머니 in Korean 한겨레 Kim Bo gyeong 김보경 2008 05 06 아 박경리 한국문학 산맥이 무너졌다 in Korean Sisa Hankook permanent dead link 박경리 朴景利 in Korean Empas EncyKorea Retrieved 2008 07 12 a b c Chung Ah young Life Literature of Pak Kyongni The Korea Times 05 05 2008 Retrieved on July 10 2008 Korea Times 05 07 2008 Yoon Sojung Life and works of veteran novelist Korea net Retrieved on July 9 2008 Chun Kyung ja Review of Pak Kyongni Land Archived 2008 06 17 at the Wayback Machine Korean Studies Review 1998 no 3 Retrieved on July 10 2008 Kim Gyuhwan 김규환 2008 05 06 Novelist Pak Kyongni died The work world 소설가 박경리 타계 작품 세계 in Korean Seoul Shinmun JOINS 아시아 첫 인터넷 신문 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pak Kyongni amp oldid 1106820194, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
