In administrative governance, most of the Pakpak people settled in Dairi Regency, North Sumatra, which later on July 28, 2003 grew into two regencies, namely:[3]
The Pakpak people are most likely the descendants of Formosan.[4] Pakpak people with the surnames Tendang, Banurea, Manik, Beringin, Gajah, Berasa are believed to be the sons of Mpu Bada or Mpung Bada or Mpubada.
Pakpak people refer to their homeland as "Tano Pakpak".
Languageedit
Pakpak is both a spoken and written language. It is part of the Northern Batak language and has its own SuratBatak Pakpak style writing system and alphabet. However, nowadays less and less Pakpak people are using the system.
Pakpak surnamesedit
Anakampun
Angkat
Bako
Bancin
Banurea
Berampu
Berasa
Beringin
Berutu
Bintang
Boangmanalu
Capah
Cibro
Gajah Manik
Gajah
Kabeaken
Kesogihen
Kaloko
Kombih
Kudadiri
Lingga
Maha
Maharaja
Manik
Matanari
Meka
Maibang
Padang
Padang Batanghari
Pasi
Penarik Pinayungan
Ramin
Sambo
Saraan
Sikettang
Sinamo
Sitakar
Solin
Saing
Tendang
Tinambunan
Tinendung
Tumangger
Turutan
Ujung
Societyedit
Sidikalang city hall with motif of Pakpak traditional houseSopo Jojong, Pakpak traditional house in Taman Mini Indonesia Indah, JakartaPakpaknese men with Genderrang Pakpak (traditional musical instrument)
The Pakpak people are bound by a social structure, which in local terminology is called sulang silima. Sulang silima consists of five elements:[6]
Sinina tertua (Perisang-isang, descendants or older generations)
Sinina penengah (Pertulan tengah, descendants or middle generations)
Berru (Kinsmen who receive women into their family)
Puang (Kinsmen who give women into another family)
Five of these elements are very instrumental in decision making in various aspects of life, especially in kinship system and traditional ceremonies, be it in the context of a single surname clan based community (Lebbuh) or village based community (Kuta). Therefore, five of these elements must be involved in order for a decision to be considered as valid in customary terms.[7]
Traditional Pakpak ceremonies are given "working" terms, however the term "festival" is also frequently used today. Traditional ceremonies are divided into two major parts, namely:
Traditional ceremonies that involve joyous occasions are referred to as "good works".
Traditional ceremonies that involve sorrowful occasions are referred to as "bad works".
Examples of "good work" ceremonies are merbayo (wedding ceremony), menanda tahun (paddy planting ceremony) or merkottas (initiating a risky task). Examples of "bad work" ceremonies include mengrumbang and mate ncayur ntua ceremony (funeral).[8]
Referencesedit
^"Batak Dairi in Indonesia". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2014-10-07.
^"Batak Pakpak in Indonesia". Joshua Project. Retrieved 2022-03-16.
^"Mengenal Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat yang Bupatinya di-OTT KPK". Kumparan News. 18 November 2018. Retrieved 2020-06-18.
^Ronald Findlay & Kevin H. O'Rourke (2009). Power and Plenty: Trade, War, and the World Economy in the Second Millennium. Princeton University Press. p. 67. ISBN978-1-4008-3188-3.
^Lister Berutu (2006). Pertuturen Pakpak: Istilah Dan Adat Sopan Santun Kekerabatan Pada Masyarakat Pakpak. Grasindo Monoratama. OCLC 139777033.
^Mariana Makmur; Lister Berutu; Pasder Berutu (2002). Aspek-Aspek Kultural Etnis Pakpak: Suatu Eksplorasi Tentang Potensi Lokal. Monora. ISBN979-612-106-9.
^Lister Berutu (2006). Mengenal Upacara Adat Pada Masyarakat Pakpak Di Sumatera Utara. Grasindo Monoratama. ISBN978-979-612-114-4.
^Lister Berutu; Nurbani Padang (2006). Tradisi Dan Perubahan: Konteks Masyarakat Pakpak. Grasindo Monoratama. ISBN979-612-205-7.
Further readingedit
Brakel-Papenhuijzen, Clara (2014). Dairi Stories and Pakpak Storytelling. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. doi:10.1163/9789004261730.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dairi Batak people.
pakpak, people, batak, pakpak, ethnic, groups, found, mainly, north, sumatra, indonesia, they, scattered, regencies, cities, north, sumatra, aceh, such, dairi, regency, pakpak, bharat, regency, humbang, hasundutan, regency, central, tapanuli, regency, north, s. Pakpak people or Batak Pakpak are one of the ethnic groups found mainly in North Sumatra Indonesia They are scattered in a few regencies and cities in North Sumatra and Aceh such as Dairi Regency Pakpak Bharat Regency Humbang Hasundutan Regency and Central Tapanuli Regency of North Sumatra and also in Aceh Singkil Regency and Subulussalam Aceh Pakpak people have some communities in other cities across Indonesia The term Batak Pakpak also refers to the culture and language of the Pakpak people Batak Pakpak peoplePakpakBatak PakpakTotal population1 200 000 1 Regions with significant populations Indonesia North Sumatra amp Aceh LanguagesPakpak language Indonesian languageReligionChristianity mostly Protestant 70 Sunni Islam 20 traditional beliefs 10 2 Related ethnic groupsSingkil Batak Toba Karo Batak Simalungun In administrative governance most of the Pakpak people settled in Dairi Regency North Sumatra which later on July 28 2003 grew into two regencies namely 3 Dairi Regency capital city Sidikalang Pakpak Bharat Regency capital city Salak The Pakpak people are most likely the descendants of Formosan 4 Pakpak people with the surnames Tendang Banurea Manik Beringin Gajah Berasa are believed to be the sons of Mpu Bada or Mpung Bada or Mpubada Contents 1 Sub ethnics 2 Language 3 Pakpak surnames 4 Society 5 References 6 Further readingSub ethnics edit nbsp GKPPD is a Dairi people s church generally located in Dairi regency The Pakpak people are divided into five sub ethnic groups or in local terminology Pakpak Silima Suak 5 Pakpak Klasen people occupy Parlilitan in Humbang Hasundutan Regency and Manduamas which is part of Central Tapanuli Regency Pakpak Simsim people dwell in Pakpak Bharat Regency Pakpak Boang people settled in Aceh Singkil Regency and Subulussalam Aceh The Pakpak Boang people are often mistaken as Singkil people Pakpak Pegagan people settled in Sumbul and its surroundings in Dairi Regency Pakpak Keppas people settled in Sidikalang and its surroundings in Dairi Regency Pakpak people refer to their homeland as Tano Pakpak Language editPakpak is both a spoken and written language It is part of the Northern Batak language and has its own Surat Batak Pakpak style writing system and alphabet However nowadays less and less Pakpak people are using the system Pakpak surnames editAnakampun Angkat Bako Bancin Banurea Berampu Berasa Beringin Berutu Bintang Boangmanalu Capah Cibro Gajah Manik Gajah Kabeaken Kesogihen Kaloko Kombih Kudadiri Lingga Maha Maharaja Manik Matanari Meka Maibang Padang Padang Batanghari Pasi Penarik Pinayungan Ramin Sambo Saraan Sikettang Sinamo Sitakar Solin Saing Tendang Tinambunan Tinendung Tumangger Turutan UjungSociety edit nbsp Sidikalang city hall with motif of Pakpak traditional house nbsp Sopo Jojong Pakpak traditional house in Taman Mini Indonesia Indah Jakarta nbsp Pakpaknese men with Genderrang Pakpak traditional musical instrument The Pakpak people are bound by a social structure which in local terminology is called sulang silima Sulang silima consists of five elements 6 Sinina tertua Perisang isang descendants or older generations Sinina penengah Pertulan tengah descendants or middle generations Sinina terbungsu Perekur ekur youngest generation Berru Kinsmen who receive women into their family Puang Kinsmen who give women into another family Five of these elements are very instrumental in decision making in various aspects of life especially in kinship system and traditional ceremonies be it in the context of a single surname clan based community Lebbuh or village based community Kuta Therefore five of these elements must be involved in order for a decision to be considered as valid in customary terms 7 Traditional Pakpak ceremonies are given working terms however the term festival is also frequently used today Traditional ceremonies are divided into two major parts namely Traditional ceremonies that involve joyous occasions are referred to as good works Traditional ceremonies that involve sorrowful occasions are referred to as bad works Examples of good work ceremonies are merbayo wedding ceremony menanda tahun paddy planting ceremony or merkottas initiating a risky task Examples of bad work ceremonies include mengrumbang and mate ncayur ntua ceremony funeral 8 References edit Batak Dairi in Indonesia Ethnologue Retrieved 2014 10 07 Batak Pakpak in Indonesia Joshua Project Retrieved 2022 03 16 Mengenal Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat yang Bupatinya di OTT KPK Kumparan News 18 November 2018 Retrieved 2020 06 18 Ronald Findlay amp Kevin H O Rourke 2009 Power and Plenty Trade War and the World Economy in the Second Millennium Princeton University Press p 67 ISBN 978 1 4008 3188 3 Lister Berutu 2006 Pertuturen Pakpak Istilah Dan Adat Sopan Santun Kekerabatan Pada Masyarakat Pakpak Grasindo Monoratama OCLC 139777033 Mariana Makmur Lister Berutu Pasder Berutu 2002 Aspek Aspek Kultural Etnis Pakpak Suatu Eksplorasi Tentang Potensi Lokal Monora ISBN 979 612 106 9 Lister Berutu 2006 Mengenal Upacara Adat Pada Masyarakat Pakpak Di Sumatera Utara Grasindo Monoratama ISBN 978 979 612 114 4 Lister Berutu Nurbani Padang 2006 Tradisi Dan Perubahan Konteks Masyarakat Pakpak Grasindo Monoratama ISBN 979 612 205 7 Further reading editBrakel Papenhuijzen Clara 2014 Dairi Stories and Pakpak Storytelling Leiden The Netherlands Brill doi 10 1163 9789004261730 nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dairi Batak people nbsp Indonesia portal Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pakpak people amp oldid 1219309897, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
