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Pterocarpus

January 01, 1970

Pterocarpus is a pantropical genus of trees in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae, and was recently assigned to the informal monophyletic Pterocarpus clade within the Dalbergieae.[2][3] Most species of Pterocarpus yield valuable timber traded as padauk (or padouk), usually pronounced /pəˈduːk/ or /ˈpædˌoʊk/;[4] other common names are mukwa or narra. The west African species may be traded as African rosewood.[5] P. santalinus also yields the most precious red sandalwood in China known as Zitan.[6][7] The wood from the narra tree (P. indicus) and the Burmese padauk tree (P. macrocarpus) is marketed as amboyna when it has grown in the burl form.[8] The scientific name is Latinized Ancient Greek and means "wing fruit", referring to the unusual shape of the seed pods in this genus.

Pterocarpus
Pterocarpus santalinus seed pods
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Tribe: Dalbergieae
Genus: Pterocarpus
Jacq. (1763), nom. cons.
Species

See text

Synonyms[1]
  • Amphymenium Kunth (1824)
  • Ancylocalyx Tul. (1843)
  • Echinodiscus Benth. (1837)
  • Etaballia Benth. (1840)
  • Griselinia Scop. (1777), nom. superfl.
  • Lingoum Adans. (1763), nom. superfl.
  • Malaparius Rumph. ex Bosc (1803)
  • Moutouchi Aubl. (1775)
  • Nephraea Hassk. (1844)
  • Nephrea Noronha (1790), nom. nud.
  • Phellocarpus Benth. (1837)
  • Pterocarpos St.-Lag. (1880)
  • Pterocarpus L. (1754), nom. rej.
  • Weinreichia Rchb. (1828)
Wood of P. officinalis

Uses edit

Padauk wood is obtained from several species of Pterocarpus. All padauks are of African or Asian origin. Padauks are valued for their toughness, stability in use, and decorativeness, most having a reddish wood. Most Pterocarpus[9] woods contain either water- or alcohol-soluble substances and can be used as dyes.

The padauk found most often is African padauk from P. soyauxii which, when freshly cut, is a very bright red/orange but when exposed to sunlight fades over time to a warm brown. Its colour makes it a favourite among woodworkers. Burmese padauk (ပိတောက်) is P. macrocarpus while Andaman padauk is P. dalbergioides. Padauks can be confused with true rosewoods to which they are somewhat related, but as a general rule padauks are coarser and less decorative in figure. Like rosewood, padauk is sometimes used to make xylophone, organ and marimba keys, and guitars. It is an important material in traditional Chinese furniture.

 
African padauk wood

Some padauks, e.g. P. soyauxii, are used as herbal medicines, for example to treat skin parasites and fungal infections.[10]

Chemistry edit

Pterocarpin is a pterocarpan found in Pterocarpus spp.[11]

Species edit

A total of 35 species is currently accepted:[12][13]

Notes edit

1 Some sources treat P. echinatus as a synonym of P. indicus.

References edit

  1. ^ Pterocarpus Jacq. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 1 August 2023.
  2. ^ Lavin M, Pennington RT, Klitgaard BB, Sprent JI, de Lima HC, Gasson PE (2001). "The dalbergioid legumes (Fabaceae): delimitation of a pantropical monophyletic clade". Am J Bot. 88 (3): 503–33. doi:10.2307/2657116. JSTOR 2657116. PMID 11250829.
  3. ^ Cardoso D, Pennington RT, de Queiroz LP, Boatwright JS, Van Wyk BE, Wojciechowskie MF, Lavin M (2013). "Reconstructing the deep-branching relationships of the papilionoid legumes". S Afr J Bot. 89: 58–75. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2013.05.001.
  4. ^ "African Padauk | The Wood Database (Hardwood)". www.wood-database.com. Retrieved 27 July 2023.
  5. ^ The Rosewood Trade: An Illicit Trail from Forest to Furniture Authors: Sandy Ong / Andy Carver, Date: 29 January 2019, URL: https://e360.yale.edu/features/the-rosewood-trade-the-illicit-trail-from-forest-to-furniture (Yale School of Environment)
  6. ^ "Zitan | The Wood Database - Lumber Identification (Hardwood)". www.wood-database.com. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
  7. ^ "Chinese National Standard for Rosewood Furniture - QB/T 2385-2008" (PDF).
  8. ^ Meier E. "The Wood Database".
  9. ^ "Narra". OneToTree. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
  10. ^ . AgroForestryTree Database. World Agroforestry Centre (WAC). Archived from the original on 13 February 2009. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
  11. ^ . Archived from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
  12. ^ "ILDIS LegumeWeb entry for Pterocarpus". International Legume Database & Information Service. Cardiff School of Computer Science & Informatics. Retrieved 11 February 2014.
  13. ^ USDA; ARS; National Genetic Resources Program. . Germplasm Resources Information Network—(GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 11 February 2014.

External links edit

  Media related to Pterocarpus at Wikimedia Commons

  • Pterocarpus in West African plants – A Photo Guide.

January 01, 1970
pterocarpus, pantropical, genus, trees, family, fabaceae, belongs, subfamily, faboideae, recently, assigned, informal, monophyletic, clade, within, dalbergieae, most, species, yield, valuable, timber, traded, padauk, padouk, usually, pronounced, other, common,. Pterocarpus is a pantropical genus of trees in the family Fabaceae It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae and was recently assigned to the informal monophyletic Pterocarpus clade within the Dalbergieae 2 3 Most species of Pterocarpus yield valuable timber traded as padauk or padouk usually pronounced p e ˈ d uː k or ˈ p ae d ˌ oʊ k 4 other common names are mukwa or narra The west African species may be traded as African rosewood 5 P santalinus also yields the most precious red sandalwood in China known as Zitan 6 7 The wood from the narra tree P indicus and the Burmese padauk tree P macrocarpus is marketed as amboyna when it has grown in the burl form 8 The scientific name is Latinized Ancient Greek and means wing fruit referring to the unusual shape of the seed pods in this genus Pterocarpus Pterocarpus santalinus seed pods Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Clade Angiosperms Clade Eudicots Clade Rosids Order Fabales Family Fabaceae Subfamily Faboideae Tribe Dalbergieae Genus PterocarpusJacq 1763 nom cons Species See text Synonyms 1 Amphymenium Kunth 1824 Ancylocalyx Tul 1843 Echinodiscus Benth 1837 Etaballia Benth 1840 Griselinia Scop 1777 nom superfl Lingoum Adans 1763 nom superfl Malaparius Rumph ex Bosc 1803 Moutouchi Aubl 1775 Nephraea Hassk 1844 Nephrea Noronha 1790 nom nud Phellocarpus Benth 1837 Pterocarpos St Lag 1880 Pterocarpus L 1754 nom rej Weinreichia Rchb 1828 Wood of P officinalis Contents 1 Uses 2 Chemistry 3 Species 4 Notes 5 References 6 External linksUses editPadauk wood is obtained from several species of Pterocarpus All padauks are of African or Asian origin Padauks are valued for their toughness stability in use and decorativeness most having a reddish wood Most Pterocarpus 9 woods contain either water or alcohol soluble substances and can be used as dyes The padauk found most often is African padauk from P soyauxii which when freshly cut is a very bright red orange but when exposed to sunlight fades over time to a warm brown Its colour makes it a favourite among woodworkers Burmese padauk ပ တ က is P macrocarpus while Andaman padauk is P dalbergioides Padauks can be confused with true rosewoods to which they are somewhat related but as a general rule padauks are coarser and less decorative in figure Like rosewood padauk is sometimes used to make xylophone organ and marimba keys and guitars It is an important material in traditional Chinese furniture nbsp African padauk wood Some padauks e g P soyauxii are used as herbal medicines for example to treat skin parasites and fungal infections 10 Chemistry editPterocarpin is a pterocarpan found in Pterocarpus spp 11 Species editA total of 35 species is currently accepted 12 13 Pterocarpus acapulcensis Rose Pterocarpus albopubescens Hauman Pterocarpus amazonum Benth Amshoff Pterocarpus angolensis DC kiaat Pterocarpus antunesii Taub Harms Pterocarpus brenanii Barbosa amp Torre Pterocarpus claessensii De Wild Pterocarpus dalbergioides DC Andaman padauk Andaman redwood East Indian mahogany Pterocarpus dubius Kunth Spreng Venezuela Guyana and northern Brazil Pterocarpus echinatus Pers Note 1 Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir muninga barwood vene Pterocarpus gilletii De Wild Pterocarpus hockii De Wild Pterocarpus homblei De Wild Pterocarpus indicus Willd Pashu padauk Malay padauk New Guinea rosewood Pterocarpus lucens Guill amp Perr Pterocarpus macrocarpus Kurz Burmese padauk Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb Indian kino Malabar kino benga bijiayasal w Nepal venkai Pterocarpus mildbraedii Harms Pterocarpus mutondo De Wild Pterocarpus officinalis Jacq Pterocarpus orbiculatus DC Pterocarpus osun Craib Pterocarpus rohrii Vahl Pterocarpus rotundifolius Sond Druce subsp polyanthus Harms Mendonca amp E P Sousa var martinii Dunkley Mendonca amp E P Sousa var polyanthus Harms Mendonca amp E P Sousa subsp rotundifolius Sond Druce Pterocarpus santalinoides DC mututi Pterocarpus santalinus L f red sandalwood red sanders Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub African padauk African coralwood Pterocarpus ternatus Rizzini Pterocarpus tessmannii Harms Pterocarpus tinctorius Welw Pterocarpus velutinus De Wild Pterocarpus villosus Benth Benth Pterocarpus violaceus Vogel Pterocarpus zehntneri Harms Pterocarpus zenkeri HarmsNotes edit1 Some sources treat P echinatus as a synonym of P indicus References edit Pterocarpus Jacq Plants of the World Online Retrieved 1 August 2023 Lavin M Pennington RT Klitgaard BB Sprent JI de Lima HC Gasson PE 2001 The dalbergioid legumes Fabaceae delimitation of a pantropical monophyletic clade Am J Bot 88 3 503 33 doi 10 2307 2657116 JSTOR 2657116 PMID 11250829 Cardoso D Pennington RT de Queiroz LP Boatwright JS Van Wyk BE Wojciechowskie MF Lavin M 2013 Reconstructing the deep branching relationships of the papilionoid legumes S Afr J Bot 89 58 75 doi 10 1016 j sajb 2013 05 001 African Padauk The Wood Database Hardwood www wood database com Retrieved 27 July 2023 The Rosewood Trade An Illicit Trail from Forest to Furniture Authors Sandy Ong Andy Carver Date 29 January 2019 URL https e360 yale edu features the rosewood trade the illicit trail from forest to furniture Yale School of Environment Zitan The Wood Database Lumber Identification Hardwood www wood database com Retrieved 13 May 2018 Chinese National Standard for Rosewood Furniture QB T 2385 2008 PDF Meier E The Wood Database Narra OneToTree Retrieved 3 December 2021 AgroForestryTree Database entry for Pterocarpus soyauxii AgroForestryTree Database World Agroforestry Centre WAC Archived from the original on 13 February 2009 Retrieved 1 November 2008 Pterocarpin at knapsack jsp Archived from the original on 22 February 2014 Retrieved 5 February 2013 ILDIS LegumeWeb entry for Pterocarpus International Legume Database amp Information Service Cardiff School of Computer Science amp Informatics Retrieved 11 February 2014 USDA ARS National Genetic Resources Program GRIN species records of Pterocarpus Germplasm Resources Information Network GRIN Online Database National Germplasm Resources Laboratory Beltsville Maryland Archived from the original on 24 September 2015 Retrieved 11 February 2014 External links edit nbsp Media related to Pterocarpus at Wikimedia Commons Pterocarpus in West African plants A Photo Guide Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pterocarpus amp oldid 1193313033, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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