fbpx
Wikipedia

Ozone therapy

January 20, 2023

Ozone therapy is an alternative medical treatment that introduces ozone or ozonides to the body. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) prohibits all medical uses of ozone, "In any medical condition for which there is no proof of safety and effectiveness", stating "Ozone is a toxic gas with no known useful medical application in specific, adjunctive, or preventive therapy. In order for ozone to be effective as a germicide, it must be present in a concentration far greater than that which can be safely tolerated by man and animals."[1]

Ozone therapy has been sold as an unproven treatment for various illnesses, including cancer, a practice which has been characterized as "pure quackery".[2] The therapy can cause serious adverse effects, including death.[3]

A man undergoes autohemotherapy, where blood is drawn, exposed to ozone, and reinjected

Proposed uses

 
Ozone therapy as a dental procedure

Ozone therapy consists of the introduction of ozone into the body via various methods, usually involving its mixture with various gases and liquids before injection, with potential routes including the vagina, rectum, intramuscular (in a muscle), subcutaneously (under the skin), or intravenously (directly into veins). Ozone can also be introduced via autohemotherapy, in which blood is drawn from the patient, exposed to ozone and re-injected into the patient.[4]

This therapy has been proposed as a primary or adjunct therapy for various diseases, including osteoarthritis,[5][6][7] herniated disk,[8] chronic wounds,[9] hepatitis B[10][11] and C,[12][13] herpes zoster,[14] HIV-AIDS,[15] multiple sclerosis,[16] cancer, heart disease, Alzheimer's dementia, and Lyme disease, though supportive evidence for some of these applications is limited. The American Cancer Society warned in 2010 that evidence for the efficacy of ozone therapy against cancer is inconclusive, and the therapy may be dangerous.[4] For treatment of HIV/AIDS, although ozone deactivates the viral particles outside the body, well-designed studies have shown there is no benefit for living patients.[17]

The United States Food and Drug Administration initially stated in 1976, and reiterated its position in 2006, that when inhaled, ozone is a toxic gas which has no demonstrated safe medical application, though their position statements primarily deal with its potential for causing inflammation and pulmonary edema in the lungs. They also emphasize that for ozone to be effective as a germicide, it must be present at concentrations far greater than can be safely tolerated by humans or other animals.[18] More recent reviews have highlighted that different routes of administration may result in different therapeutic and side-effect profiles,[19] though a statistically robust meta-analysis of available research has not been performed to date.

Some reviews have suggested ozone as a potential treatment for herniated discs[20] and diabetic neuropathy.[21]

There is some controversy about its use by athletes to increase performance despite numerous adverse side effects within the pulmonary and/or skeletal muscle systems. Although its use is not disallowed in and of itself, it can be mixed with banned substances for administration prior to injection.[22]

Safety

Ozone therapy has potentially serious adverse effects, and as of 2012 at least five deaths had been reported due to the therapy's use on people with cancer.[3] From 1975 to 1983 in Germany, research revealed six deaths, four cases of visual disturbance, three cases of paraplegias, four gas embolisms in the pulmonary circuit, two heart attacks, four pulmonary embolisms, two cases of apoplectic paralysis, and two cases of abnormal heart rhythm following ozone therapy. More commonly, pulmonary edema is the most prevalent adverse effect of ozone treatment. In the muscular system, many cases of tendon rupture, osteoarthritis, myositis, synovitis, joint infections, and muscle tears have been documented results of ozone therapy. In the integumentary system, benign skin discoloration is most common. These all occurred following direct injection of O2/O3 gas: a method now regarded as malpractice by most ozone practitioners. In each case, the clinical picture corresponded either to gas embolism, or allergic shock. The fact that one case of apparent allergic shock followed injection of a very small quantity of gas raises the unknown possibility that other methods of administration might also carry the risk of allergic shock.[23][24]

Much of the concern related to ozone therapy revolves around the safety of blood ozonation. When inhaled by mammals in high levels, ozone reacts with compounds in tissues lining the lungs and triggers a cascade of pathological effects, including pulmonary edema, however, ozone therapy does not usually involve inhalation of ozone gas.[19][25] It has been argued that while peroxides (a product of ozone) are naturally generated inside phagocyte cells to kill bacteria, outside the cell they can damage tissue.[26] Proponents suggest that its effects are tissue dependent, though the subject is still debated.[19][27]

Other serious incidents reported include transmission of hepatitis C,[28] and one case of a heart attack following some hours after autohemotherapy.[29]

Ozone-based treatments can be associated with central nervous system toxicity, termed Ozone Induced Encephalopathy (OIE).[30] OIE may include cortical visual impairment, altered mental status, headache, focal neurological deficits, seizures, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting, regardless of the route of administration. OIE should be considered in patients presenting with neurological symptoms in close relation to Ozone Therapy.

Regulation and ethics

The FDA prohibits the medical use of ozone, "In any medical condition for which there is no proof of safety and effectiveness", stating "Ozone is a toxic gas with no known useful medical application in specific, adjunctive, or preventive therapy. In order for ozone to be effective as a germicide, it must be present in a concentration far greater than that which can be safely tolerated by man and animals."[1]

Beginning in 1991 the FDA has prosecuted and sent to jail several people presenting themselves as medical doctors and selling ozone therapy products as a medical cure or operating medical clinics using ozone therapy for healing human illness.[31][32] Arrests following similar activity have been made in other countries as well, including Uganda and Thailand.[33][34]

Ozone therapy is sold as an expensive alternative cancer treatment in Germany. David Gorski has described the practice as "pure quackery".[2] Proponents of the therapy falsely claim it is a recognized therapy there, but ozone therapy is not approved by the German medical establishment.[26]

History

In 1856, just 16 years after its discovery, ozone was first used in a health care setting to disinfect operating rooms and sterilize surgical instruments.[35] By the end of the 19th century the use of ozone to disinfect drinking water of bacteria and viruses was well established in mainland Europe.[35][36]

In his work on bioenergetic analysis, proponent of ozone therapy William Reich developed a device utilizing ozonides which "...one inserted their testiculars [sic]".[37] William Reich's work on alternative medicine on the pseudoscientific lifeforce known as Orgone which ozone therapy was said to enhance.

In 1892 The Lancet published an article describing the administration of ozone for treatment of tuberculosis.[38] During World War I, ozone was tested at Queen Alexandra Military Hospital in London as a possible disinfectant for wounds. The gas was applied directly to wounds for as long as 15 minutes. This resulted in damage to both bacterial cells and human tissue. Other sanitizing techniques, such as irrigation with antiseptics, were found preferable.[39][40]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Code of Federal Regulations Title 21 Sec. 801.415 Maximum acceptable level of ozone (FDA Website, as of 2022-07-18)
  2. ^ a b Gorski, David (24 October 2016). "German alternative cancer clinics: Combining experimental therapeutics with rank quackery and charging big bucks for it". Science-Based Medicine.
  3. ^ a b Cassileth BR, Yarett IR (August 2012). "Cancer quackery: the persistent popularity of useless, irrational 'alternative' treatments". Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.) (Review). 26 (8): 754–8. PMID 22957409.
  4. ^ a b . American Cancer Society. Archived from the original on 21 July 2010. Retrieved 29 November 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  5. ^ Arias‐Vázquez, Pedro Iván; Tovilla‐Zárate, Carlos Alfonso; Hernández‐Díaz, Yazmín; González‐Castro, Thelma Beatriz; Juárez‐Rojop, Isela Esther; López‐Narváez, María Lilia; Bermudez‐Ocaña, Deysi Yadira; Barjau‐Madrígal, Hugo Adrián; Legorreta‐Ramírez, Gabriela (30 May 2019). "Short‐Term Therapeutic Effects of Ozone in the Management of Pain in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Meta‐Analysis". PM&R. 11 (8): 879–887. doi:10.1002/pmrj.12088. PMID 30689297. S2CID 59307186.
  6. ^ Raeissadat, Seyed Ahmad; Tabibian, Elnaz; Rayegani, Seyed Mansoor; Rahimi-Dehgolan, Shahram; Babaei-Ghazani, Arash (October 2018). "An investigation into the efficacy of intra-articular ozone (O2–O3) injection in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Journal of Pain Research. 11: 2537–2550. doi:10.2147/JPR.S175441. PMC 6207244. PMID 30498370.
  7. ^ Noori-Zadeh, Ali; Bakhtiyari, Salar; Khooz, Roghayeh; Haghani, Karimeh; Darabi, Shahram (1 February 2019). "Intra-articular ozone therapy efficiently attenuates pain in knee osteoarthritic subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis". Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 42: 240–247. doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2018.11.023. PMID 30670248. S2CID 58951422.
  8. ^ Steppan, Jim; Meaders, Thomas; Muto, Mario; Murphy, Kieran J. (1 April 2010). "A Metaanalysis of the Effectiveness and Safety of Ozone Treatments for Herniated Lumbar Discs". Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 21 (4): 534–548. doi:10.1016/j.jvir.2009.12.393. PMID 20188591.
  9. ^ Fitzpatrick, Erin; Holland, Olivia J; Vanderlelie, Jessica J (August 2018). "Ozone therapy for the treatment of chronic wounds: A systematic review". International Wound Journal. 15 (4): 633–644. doi:10.1111/iwj.12907. PMC 7949634. PMID 29536625. S2CID 3855845.
  10. ^ Cespedes-Suarez, Javier; Martin-Serrano, Yanisley; Carballosa-Peña, Maria Rosa; Dager-Carballosa, Diana Rosa (15 December 2018). "Response of patients with chronic Hepatitis B in one year of treatment with Major Autohemotherapy". Journal of Ozone Therapy. 2 (3). doi:10.7203/jo3t.2.3.2018.11459. S2CID 196554051.
  11. ^ Jiao, XJ; Peng, X (December 2008). "[Clinilal study of medical ozone therapy in chronic hepatitis B of 20 patients]". Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing du Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua Shiyan He Linchuang Bingduxue Zazhi = Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology. 22 (6): 484–5. PMID 19544653.
  12. ^ Zaky, Saad; Kamel, Sherif Ebrahiem; Hassan, Magda Shahata; Sallam, Nadia Abdel; Shahata, Mohamad Ahmad; Helal, Shaaban Redwan; Mahmoud, Heba (March 2011). "Preliminary Results of Ozone Therapy as a Possible Treatment for Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C". The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 17 (3): 259–263. doi:10.1089/acm.2010.0016. PMID 21417811.
  13. ^ Mawsouf, M.N.; Tanbouli, T.T.; Viebahn-Hänsler, R. (November 2012). "Ozone Therapy in Patients with Viral Hepatitis C: Ten Years' Experience". Ozone: Science & Engineering. 34 (6): 451–458. doi:10.1080/01919512.2012.720161. S2CID 96088027.
  14. ^ Huang, J; Xiang, Y; Gao, L; Pan, Y; Lu, J (28 February 2018). "[Topical ozone therapy: An innovative solution to patients with herpes zoster]". Zhong Nan da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical Sciences. 43 (2): 168–172. doi:10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2018.02.011. PMID 29559601. {{cite journal}}: Missing |author2= (help)
  15. ^ Cespedes-Suarez, Javier; Martin-Serrano, Yanisley; Carballosa-Peña, Maria Rosa; Dager-Carballosa, Diana Rosa (15 December 2018). "The immune response behavior in HIV-AIDS patients treated with Ozone therapy for two years". Journal of Ozone Therapy. 2 (3). doi:10.7203/jo3t.2.3.2018.11458. S2CID 196563719.
  16. ^ Delgado-Roche, Livan; Riera-Romo, Mario; Mesta, Fernando; Hernández-Matos, Yanet; Barrios, Juan M.; Martínez-Sánchez, Gregorio; Al-Dalaien, Said M. (September 2017). "Medical ozone promotes Nrf2 phosphorylation reducing oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines in multiple sclerosis patients". European Journal of Pharmacology. 811: 148–154. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.06.017. PMID 28623000.
  17. ^ Green S (1997). "Oxygenation Therapy: Unproven Treatments for Cancer and AIDS". Scientific Review of Alternative Medicine.
  18. ^ "Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21 Vol 8 section 801.415". United States Food & Drug Administration. 1 April 2011. Retrieved 4 October 2011.
  19. ^ a b c Zanardi I, Borrelli E, Valacchi G, Travagli V, Bocci V (2016). "Ozone: A Multifaceted Molecule with Unexpected Therapeutic Activity". Current Medicinal Chemistry. 23 (4): 304–14. doi:10.2174/0929867323666151221150420. hdl:11365/998522. PMID 26687830.
  20. ^ Steppan J, Meaders T, Muto M, Murphy KJ (April 2010). "A metaanalysis of the effectiveness and safety of ozone treatments for herniated lumbar discs". Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 21 (4): 534–48. doi:10.1016/j.jvir.2009.12.393. PMID 20188591.
  21. ^ Braidy N, Izadi M, Sureda A, Jonaidi-Jafari N, Banki A, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM (April 2018). "Therapeutic relevance of ozone therapy in degenerative diseases: Focus on diabetes and spinal pain". Journal of Cellular Physiology. 233 (4): 2705–2714. doi:10.1002/jcp.26044. PMID 28594115. S2CID 10266228.
  22. ^ "Belgian Court Continuing Investigation Of Ozone-therapy Doctor". Cycling News. 9 February 2013. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  23. ^ Ozon-Therapie, Ozon-Eigenbluttherapie, Sauerstoff-OzonEigenbluttherapie, Oxyontherapie, Hyperbare Ozontherapie: Zusammenfassender Bericht des Arbeitsausschusses "Ärztliche Behandlung" des Bundesausschusses der Ärzte und Krankenkassen [Ozone therapy, Autologous ozone blood therapy, Oxygen-ozone autologous blood therapy, Oxyon therapy, Hyperbaric ozone therapy: Summary report of the "Medical Treatment" Working Committee of the Federal Committee of Doctors and Health Insurance Companies] (PDF) (in German). Köln: Geschäftsführung des Arbeitsausschusses "Ärztliche Behandlung" des Bundesausschusses der Ärzte und Krankenkassen. 30 March 2001. pp 17-18.
  24. ^ Eisenmenger W. Zur Ozontherapie. In: Oepen I, Prokop O, editors. Außenseitermethoden in der Medizin. Ursprünge, Gefahren, Konsequenzen. Darmstadt. Darmstadt: 1986, 195-220. https://core.ac.uk/reader/12167629
  25. ^ Bocci V, Borrelli E, Travagli V, Zanardi I (July 2009). "The ozone paradox: ozone is a strong oxidant as well as a medical drug". Medicinal Research Reviews. 29 (4): 646–82. doi:10.1002/med.20150. PMID 19260079. S2CID 206250706.
  26. ^ a b Green S (17 June 2001). "Oxygenation therapy: Unproven treatments for Cancer and AIDS". Quackwatch.
  27. ^ Bocci V, Zanardia I, Valacchi G, Borrelli E, Travagli V (2015). "Validity of Oxygen-Ozone Therapy as Integrated Medication Form in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases". Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders Drug Targets. 15 (2): 127–38. doi:10.2174/1871529x1502151209114642. PMID 26126818.
  28. ^ Ernst E (January 2001). "A primer of complementary and alternative medicine commonly used by cancer patients". The Medical Journal of Australia. 174 (2): 88–92. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2001.tb143161.x. PMID 11245510. S2CID 45055625. [citation requires membership to industry magazine]. This article also reports 5 fatalities, which are included in the 6 fatalities reported by Eisenmenger (1986).
  29. ^ Üreyen ÇM, Baş CY, Arslan Ş (June 2015). "Myocardial Infarction after Ozone Therapy: Is Ozone Therapy Dr. Jekyll or Mr. Hyde?". Cardiology. 132 (2): 101–104. doi:10.1159/000431078. PMID 26139204. S2CID 44792104.
  30. ^ Haggiag S, Prosperini L, Stasolla A, Gerace C, Tortorella C, Gasperini C (March 2021). "Ozone-induced encephalopathy: A novel iatrogenic entity". Eur J Neurol. 28 (8): 2471–2478. doi:10.1111/ene.14793. PMID 33657263. S2CID 232114612.
  31. ^ Knotts B (19 October 1990). "Judge Won't Reduce Bail For Ozone Therapy Advocate". The Sentinel Sun. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  32. ^ Whitlock C (2001). MediScams : how to spot and avoid health care scams, medical frauds, and quackery from the local physician to the major health care providers and drug manufacturers (1st ed.). Los Angeles: Renaissance Books. p. 139. ISBN 9781580631808. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  33. ^ Malaba T, Kiwanuka C (15 December 2008). "Ozone Therapy Lands Kampala Doctor in Trouble". Uganda Radio Network. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  34. ^ "Woman who sought Thai "Ozone Therapy" dies". The New Zealand Herald. 7 September 2006. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  35. ^ a b Chemical Technology Encyclopedia; Barnes & Noble 1968 vol. 1 pp. 82–83
  36. ^ Suchkov BP (June 1964). "[Study of the ozonization of drinking water containing pathogenic bacteria and viruses]". Gigiena i Sanitariia (in Russian). 29: 22–9. PMID 14235449.
  37. ^ MazzocchI, Alberto. "A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE REICH ORGONE ACCUMULATOR EFFECTS ON HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY".
  38. ^ "The Internal Administration of Ozone in the Treatment of Phthisis". Lancet. 140 (3612): 1180–1181. 1892. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(01)92422-5.
  39. ^ Jacewicz N (2017). "A Killer of a Cure". Distillations. 3 (1): 34–37. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  40. ^ Stoker G (1916). "The Surgical Uses of Ozone". Lancet. 188 (4860): 712. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(01)31717-8.

External links

  • Ozone Generators that are Sold as Air Cleaners - factsheet at US EPA

January 20, 2023
ozone, therapy, alternative, medical, treatment, that, introduces, ozone, ozonides, body, united, states, food, drug, administration, prohibits, medical, uses, ozone, medical, condition, which, there, proof, safety, effectiveness, stating, ozone, toxic, with, . Ozone therapy is an alternative medical treatment that introduces ozone or ozonides to the body The United States Food and Drug Administration FDA prohibits all medical uses of ozone In any medical condition for which there is no proof of safety and effectiveness stating Ozone is a toxic gas with no known useful medical application in specific adjunctive or preventive therapy In order for ozone to be effective as a germicide it must be present in a concentration far greater than that which can be safely tolerated by man and animals 1 Ozone therapy has been sold as an unproven treatment for various illnesses including cancer a practice which has been characterized as pure quackery 2 The therapy can cause serious adverse effects including death 3 A man undergoes autohemotherapy where blood is drawn exposed to ozone and reinjected Contents 1 Proposed uses 2 Safety 3 Regulation and ethics 4 History 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksProposed uses Edit Ozone therapy as a dental procedure Ozone therapy consists of the introduction of ozone into the body via various methods usually involving its mixture with various gases and liquids before injection with potential routes including the vagina rectum intramuscular in a muscle subcutaneously under the skin or intravenously directly into veins Ozone can also be introduced via autohemotherapy in which blood is drawn from the patient exposed to ozone and re injected into the patient 4 This therapy has been proposed as a primary or adjunct therapy for various diseases including osteoarthritis 5 6 7 herniated disk 8 chronic wounds 9 hepatitis B 10 11 and C 12 13 herpes zoster 14 HIV AIDS 15 multiple sclerosis 16 cancer heart disease Alzheimer s dementia and Lyme disease though supportive evidence for some of these applications is limited The American Cancer Society warned in 2010 that evidence for the efficacy of ozone therapy against cancer is inconclusive and the therapy may be dangerous 4 For treatment of HIV AIDS although ozone deactivates the viral particles outside the body well designed studies have shown there is no benefit for living patients 17 The United States Food and Drug Administration initially stated in 1976 and reiterated its position in 2006 that when inhaled ozone is a toxic gas which has no demonstrated safe medical application though their position statements primarily deal with its potential for causing inflammation and pulmonary edema in the lungs They also emphasize that for ozone to be effective as a germicide it must be present at concentrations far greater than can be safely tolerated by humans or other animals 18 More recent reviews have highlighted that different routes of administration may result in different therapeutic and side effect profiles 19 though a statistically robust meta analysis of available research has not been performed to date Some reviews have suggested ozone as a potential treatment for herniated discs 20 and diabetic neuropathy 21 There is some controversy about its use by athletes to increase performance despite numerous adverse side effects within the pulmonary and or skeletal muscle systems Although its use is not disallowed in and of itself it can be mixed with banned substances for administration prior to injection 22 Safety EditOzone therapy has potentially serious adverse effects and as of 2012 update at least five deaths had been reported due to the therapy s use on people with cancer 3 From 1975 to 1983 in Germany research revealed six deaths four cases of visual disturbance three cases of paraplegias four gas embolisms in the pulmonary circuit two heart attacks four pulmonary embolisms two cases of apoplectic paralysis and two cases of abnormal heart rhythm following ozone therapy More commonly pulmonary edema is the most prevalent adverse effect of ozone treatment In the muscular system many cases of tendon rupture osteoarthritis myositis synovitis joint infections and muscle tears have been documented results of ozone therapy In the integumentary system benign skin discoloration is most common These all occurred following direct injection of O2 O3 gas a method now regarded as malpractice by most ozone practitioners In each case the clinical picture corresponded either to gas embolism or allergic shock The fact that one case of apparent allergic shock followed injection of a very small quantity of gas raises the unknown possibility that other methods of administration might also carry the risk of allergic shock 23 24 Much of the concern related to ozone therapy revolves around the safety of blood ozonation When inhaled by mammals in high levels ozone reacts with compounds in tissues lining the lungs and triggers a cascade of pathological effects including pulmonary edema however ozone therapy does not usually involve inhalation of ozone gas 19 25 It has been argued that while peroxides a product of ozone are naturally generated inside phagocyte cells to kill bacteria outside the cell they can damage tissue 26 Proponents suggest that its effects are tissue dependent though the subject is still debated 19 27 Other serious incidents reported include transmission of hepatitis C 28 and one case of a heart attack following some hours after autohemotherapy 29 Ozone based treatments can be associated with central nervous system toxicity termed Ozone Induced Encephalopathy OIE 30 OIE may include cortical visual impairment altered mental status headache focal neurological deficits seizures dizziness nausea and vomiting regardless of the route of administration OIE should be considered in patients presenting with neurological symptoms in close relation to Ozone Therapy Regulation and ethics EditThe FDA prohibits the medical use of ozone In any medical condition for which there is no proof of safety and effectiveness stating Ozone is a toxic gas with no known useful medical application in specific adjunctive or preventive therapy In order for ozone to be effective as a germicide it must be present in a concentration far greater than that which can be safely tolerated by man and animals 1 Beginning in 1991 the FDA has prosecuted and sent to jail several people presenting themselves as medical doctors and selling ozone therapy products as a medical cure or operating medical clinics using ozone therapy for healing human illness 31 32 Arrests following similar activity have been made in other countries as well including Uganda and Thailand 33 34 Ozone therapy is sold as an expensive alternative cancer treatment in Germany David Gorski has described the practice as pure quackery 2 Proponents of the therapy falsely claim it is a recognized therapy there but ozone therapy is not approved by the German medical establishment 26 History EditIn 1856 just 16 years after its discovery ozone was first used in a health care setting to disinfect operating rooms and sterilize surgical instruments 35 By the end of the 19th century the use of ozone to disinfect drinking water of bacteria and viruses was well established in mainland Europe 35 36 In his work on bioenergetic analysis proponent of ozone therapy William Reich developed a device utilizing ozonides which one inserted their testiculars sic 37 William Reich s work on alternative medicine on the pseudoscientific lifeforce known as Orgone which ozone therapy was said to enhance In 1892 The Lancet published an article describing the administration of ozone for treatment of tuberculosis 38 During World War I ozone was tested at Queen Alexandra Military Hospital in London as a possible disinfectant for wounds The gas was applied directly to wounds for as long as 15 minutes This resulted in damage to both bacterial cells and human tissue Other sanitizing techniques such as irrigation with antiseptics were found preferable 39 40 See also EditOzone health effects Air ioniser List of unproven and disproven cancer treatmentsReferences Edit a b Code of Federal Regulations Title 21 Sec 801 415 Maximum acceptable level of ozone FDA Website as of 2022 07 18 a b Gorski David 24 October 2016 German alternative cancer clinics Combining experimental therapeutics with rank quackery and charging big bucks for it Science Based Medicine a b Cassileth BR Yarett IR August 2012 Cancer quackery the persistent popularity of useless irrational alternative treatments Oncology Williston Park N Y Review 26 8 754 8 PMID 22957409 a b Oxygen Therapy American Cancer Society Archived from the original on 21 July 2010 Retrieved 29 November 2012 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint unfit URL link Arias Vazquez Pedro Ivan Tovilla Zarate Carlos Alfonso Hernandez Diaz Yazmin Gonzalez Castro Thelma Beatriz Juarez Rojop Isela Esther Lopez Narvaez Maria Lilia Bermudez Ocana Deysi Yadira Barjau Madrigal Hugo Adrian Legorreta Ramirez Gabriela 30 May 2019 Short Term Therapeutic Effects of Ozone in the Management of Pain in Knee Osteoarthritis A Meta Analysis PM amp R 11 8 879 887 doi 10 1002 pmrj 12088 PMID 30689297 S2CID 59307186 Raeissadat Seyed Ahmad Tabibian Elnaz Rayegani Seyed Mansoor Rahimi Dehgolan Shahram Babaei Ghazani Arash October 2018 An investigation into the efficacy of intra articular ozone O2 O3 injection in patients with knee osteoarthritis a systematic review and meta analysis Journal of Pain Research 11 2537 2550 doi 10 2147 JPR S175441 PMC 6207244 PMID 30498370 Noori Zadeh Ali Bakhtiyari Salar Khooz Roghayeh Haghani Karimeh Darabi Shahram 1 February 2019 Intra articular ozone therapy efficiently attenuates pain in knee osteoarthritic subjects A systematic review and meta analysis Complementary Therapies in Medicine 42 240 247 doi 10 1016 j ctim 2018 11 023 PMID 30670248 S2CID 58951422 Steppan Jim Meaders Thomas Muto Mario Murphy Kieran J 1 April 2010 A Metaanalysis of the Effectiveness and Safety of Ozone Treatments for Herniated Lumbar Discs Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology 21 4 534 548 doi 10 1016 j jvir 2009 12 393 PMID 20188591 Fitzpatrick Erin Holland Olivia J Vanderlelie Jessica J August 2018 Ozone therapy for the treatment of chronic wounds A systematic review International Wound Journal 15 4 633 644 doi 10 1111 iwj 12907 PMC 7949634 PMID 29536625 S2CID 3855845 Cespedes Suarez Javier Martin Serrano Yanisley Carballosa Pena Maria Rosa Dager Carballosa Diana Rosa 15 December 2018 Response of patients with chronic Hepatitis B in one year of treatment with Major Autohemotherapy Journal of Ozone Therapy 2 3 doi 10 7203 jo3t 2 3 2018 11459 S2CID 196554051 Jiao XJ Peng X December 2008 Clinilal study of medical ozone therapy in chronic hepatitis B of 20 patients Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing du Xue Za Zhi Zhonghua Shiyan He Linchuang Bingduxue Zazhi Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology 22 6 484 5 PMID 19544653 Zaky Saad Kamel Sherif Ebrahiem Hassan Magda Shahata Sallam Nadia Abdel Shahata Mohamad Ahmad Helal Shaaban Redwan Mahmoud Heba March 2011 Preliminary Results of Ozone Therapy as a Possible Treatment for Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 17 3 259 263 doi 10 1089 acm 2010 0016 PMID 21417811 Mawsouf M N Tanbouli T T Viebahn Hansler R November 2012 Ozone Therapy in Patients with Viral Hepatitis C Ten Years Experience Ozone Science amp Engineering 34 6 451 458 doi 10 1080 01919512 2012 720161 S2CID 96088027 Huang J Xiang Y Gao L Pan Y Lu J 28 February 2018 Topical ozone therapy An innovative solution to patients with herpes zoster Zhong Nan da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban Journal of Central South University Medical Sciences 43 2 168 172 doi 10 11817 j issn 1672 7347 2018 02 011 PMID 29559601 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Missing author2 help Cespedes Suarez Javier Martin Serrano Yanisley Carballosa Pena Maria Rosa Dager Carballosa Diana Rosa 15 December 2018 The immune response behavior in HIV AIDS patients treated with Ozone therapy for two years Journal of Ozone Therapy 2 3 doi 10 7203 jo3t 2 3 2018 11458 S2CID 196563719 Delgado Roche Livan Riera Romo Mario Mesta Fernando Hernandez Matos Yanet Barrios Juan M Martinez Sanchez Gregorio Al Dalaien Said M September 2017 Medical ozone promotes Nrf2 phosphorylation reducing oxidative stress and pro inflammatory cytokines in multiple sclerosis patients European Journal of Pharmacology 811 148 154 doi 10 1016 j ejphar 2017 06 017 PMID 28623000 Green S 1997 Oxygenation Therapy Unproven Treatments for Cancer and AIDS Scientific Review of Alternative Medicine Code of Federal Regulations Title 21 Vol 8 section 801 415 United States Food amp Drug Administration 1 April 2011 Retrieved 4 October 2011 a b c Zanardi I Borrelli E Valacchi G Travagli V Bocci V 2016 Ozone A Multifaceted Molecule with Unexpected Therapeutic Activity Current Medicinal Chemistry 23 4 304 14 doi 10 2174 0929867323666151221150420 hdl 11365 998522 PMID 26687830 Steppan J Meaders T Muto M Murphy KJ April 2010 A metaanalysis of the effectiveness and safety of ozone treatments for herniated lumbar discs Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology 21 4 534 48 doi 10 1016 j jvir 2009 12 393 PMID 20188591 Braidy N Izadi M Sureda A Jonaidi Jafari N Banki A Nabavi SF Nabavi SM April 2018 Therapeutic relevance of ozone therapy in degenerative diseases Focus on diabetes and spinal pain Journal of Cellular Physiology 233 4 2705 2714 doi 10 1002 jcp 26044 PMID 28594115 S2CID 10266228 Belgian Court Continuing Investigation Of Ozone therapy Doctor Cycling News 9 February 2013 Retrieved 10 February 2013 Ozon Therapie Ozon Eigenbluttherapie Sauerstoff OzonEigenbluttherapie Oxyontherapie Hyperbare Ozontherapie Zusammenfassender Bericht des Arbeitsausschusses Arztliche Behandlung des Bundesausschusses der Arzte und Krankenkassen Ozone therapy Autologous ozone blood therapy Oxygen ozone autologous blood therapy Oxyon therapy Hyperbaric ozone therapy Summary report of the Medical Treatment Working Committee of the Federal Committee of Doctors and Health Insurance Companies PDF in German Koln Geschaftsfuhrung des Arbeitsausschusses Arztliche Behandlung des Bundesausschusses der Arzte und Krankenkassen 30 March 2001 pp 17 18 Eisenmenger W Zur Ozontherapie In Oepen I Prokop O editors Aussenseitermethoden in der Medizin Ursprunge Gefahren Konsequenzen Darmstadt Darmstadt 1986 195 220 https core ac uk reader 12167629 Bocci V Borrelli E Travagli V Zanardi I July 2009 The ozone paradox ozone is a strong oxidant as well as a medical drug Medicinal Research Reviews 29 4 646 82 doi 10 1002 med 20150 PMID 19260079 S2CID 206250706 a b Green S 17 June 2001 Oxygenation therapy Unproven treatments for Cancer and AIDS Quackwatch Bocci V Zanardia I Valacchi G Borrelli E Travagli V 2015 Validity of Oxygen Ozone Therapy as Integrated Medication Form in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases Cardiovascular amp Hematological Disorders Drug Targets 15 2 127 38 doi 10 2174 1871529x1502151209114642 PMID 26126818 Ernst E January 2001 A primer of complementary and alternative medicine commonly used by cancer patients The Medical Journal of Australia 174 2 88 92 doi 10 5694 j 1326 5377 2001 tb143161 x PMID 11245510 S2CID 45055625 citation requires membership to industry magazine This article also reports 5 fatalities which are included in the 6 fatalities reported by Eisenmenger 1986 Ureyen CM Bas CY Arslan S June 2015 Myocardial Infarction after Ozone Therapy Is Ozone Therapy Dr Jekyll or Mr Hyde Cardiology 132 2 101 104 doi 10 1159 000431078 PMID 26139204 S2CID 44792104 Haggiag S Prosperini L Stasolla A Gerace C Tortorella C Gasperini C March 2021 Ozone induced encephalopathy A novel iatrogenic entity Eur J Neurol 28 8 2471 2478 doi 10 1111 ene 14793 PMID 33657263 S2CID 232114612 Knotts B 19 October 1990 Judge Won t Reduce Bail For Ozone Therapy Advocate The Sentinel Sun Retrieved 1 May 2018 Whitlock C 2001 MediScams how to spot and avoid health care scams medical frauds and quackery from the local physician to the major health care providers and drug manufacturers 1st ed Los Angeles Renaissance Books p 139 ISBN 9781580631808 Retrieved 1 May 2018 Malaba T Kiwanuka C 15 December 2008 Ozone Therapy Lands Kampala Doctor in Trouble Uganda Radio Network Retrieved 1 May 2018 Woman who sought Thai Ozone Therapy dies The New Zealand Herald 7 September 2006 Retrieved 1 May 2018 a b Chemical Technology Encyclopedia Barnes amp Noble 1968 vol 1 pp 82 83 Suchkov BP June 1964 Study of the ozonization of drinking water containing pathogenic bacteria and viruses Gigiena i Sanitariia in Russian 29 22 9 PMID 14235449 MazzocchI Alberto A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE REICH ORGONE ACCUMULATOR EFFECTS ON HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY The Internal Administration of Ozone in the Treatment of Phthisis Lancet 140 3612 1180 1181 1892 doi 10 1016 S0140 6736 01 92422 5 Jacewicz N 2017 A Killer of a Cure Distillations 3 1 34 37 Retrieved 13 April 2018 Stoker G 1916 The Surgical Uses of Ozone Lancet 188 4860 712 doi 10 1016 S0140 6736 01 31717 8 External links EditOzone Generators that are Sold as Air Cleaners factsheet at US EPA Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ozone therapy amp oldid 1129649036, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.