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Ottumwa High School

Ottumwa High School is a public high school located in Ottumwa, Iowa, United States. It is part of the Ottumwa Community School District, and is the district's only high school. It was established in 1923. The school sports mascot is a bulldog.

Ottumwa High School
Ottumwa High School
Address
501 E 2nd St

Ottumwa
,
Wapello
,
Iowa
52501

United States
Coordinates41°00′54″N 92°24′22″W / 41.015°N 92.406°W / 41.015; -92.406
Information
School typePublic
Established1923
School districtOttumwa Community School District
SuperintendentMike McGrory
PrincipalShelley Bramschreiber [1]
Teaching staff73.42 (FTE)[2]
Enrollment1,282 (2019-20)[2]
Student to teacher ratio17.46[2]
Color(s)   Red & white
Athletics conferenceIowa Alliance Conference
Sports14
MascotBulldog
Websitewww.ottumwaschools.com/highschool/

History edit

For several years, students in Ottumwa attended private classes inside area homes. Later, some students studied inside a local Methodist Episcopal church. In 1865, the first public school in Ottumwa—Adams School—was completed at "College Square", an area bounded by College, Fourth, Second, and Union Streets. The school, which utilized four classrooms on its top floor for the high school, cost $28,818.57[3] to build, and it sat on the same site as the present-day high school. It was declared unsafe in 1883. The school board voted to tear down the condemned building and build a new one at the same site. With more citizens coming to Ottumwa, an additional high school was constructed about a mile west of the Adams School site in 1899. This building later served as a junior high school until it was closed in 1982.

Schaefer Stadium edit

The Ottumwa High School football/track stadium, known as Schaefer Stadium, was established in the early 1920s in memory of a past student of OHS. Walter B. Schaefer graduated from the Ottumwa High School in 1903 with athletic records and many college football opportunities.[citation needed] He went to the University of Chicago to play football under the famous coaching of Amos Alonzo Stagg, but Schaefer left college early to fight in the war.[citation needed] Schaefer was killed while serving in 1918. He was considered one of the greatest athletes in Iowa and especially in football, which is why the Ottumwa Stadium is now known as Schaefer Stadium.[citation needed] In 2018, Schaefer Stadium was updated. New bleachers for the home side and a new visitor exit were added.

Current building edit

 
This building served as Ottumwa High School from 1899 to 1923.

To address the growing student population, the Ottumwa Community School District began construction on the current high school building at the same location as the Adams School in 1921. The "new" high school was designed by architects Croft & Boerner of Minneapolis. It was completed in 1923. As part of the construction, the Adams School was lifted from its foundation and moved east—it would serve as a building for vocational classes at the new high school.

Ottumwa High School as it stands today opened on August 29, 1923, to grades 9, 10, 11, and 12. It reportedly cost just over one million dollars to complete.[3]

In the 1970s, an additional building was completed—the "Vo-Tech" building—for vocational and performing arts classes. The facility was connected to the main building via a skywalk accessible from the second floor hallway. This decade also saw the addition of a second gymnasium, often nicknamed the "Rubber Gym" because of its rubber floor, which was built behind the first gymnasium and replaced the Adams School, which was demolished.

Building expansions edit

In the 1990s, a city property tax was levied to help fund a multi-million dollar renovation project. The original aim of the project was to renovate the school hallways and some classrooms, add additional basement classrooms, relocate the cafeteria and library to a new area adjacent to the original building and connecting to the Vo-Tech building, renovate and modernize the school's gymnasium facilities (locker and exercise rooms), and remodel the school's auditorium. The project went over budget, and the gymnasium and auditorium phases were scratched. The cafeteria and library projects were successfully completed, along with the basement, classroom, and hallway renovations, by the end of the century. The skywalk formerly connecting the Vo-Tech and main buildings was replaced by the new building.

Vision Iowa Grant renovation edit

In spring 2001, the school received a grant for nearly $1 million from Vision Iowa to remodel the auditorium which is where they now hold all of their pep rallies, guest speakers, and drama productions.[4] During this renovation some plaster designs were removed from the original 1921-1923 ceiling and placed glass for viewing near the exits. The auditorium was closed from 2002 to 2003 for renovations. Its grand re-opening took place on November 23, 2003.[5] At the same time, additional renovations to the gymnasium facilities were completed with aid of a federal grant obtained with the help of Iowa Senator Tom Harkin.

Renovation and extensions edit

In 2023, the Ottumwa Community School District approved a $30 million expansion and renovation plan for the high school.[6] Expected to be done in two stages, the plan calls for a $10.5 million competition gym that will be across the high school on Second Street, and feature two full-sized basketball courts and three volleyball courts.[6] The remaining $19.5 million will be used on renovating the classrooms in the school, with 20 to 25 classrooms undergoing major renovations.[6]

Campus edit

 
OHS is situated on one of the highest hills in Ottumwa. This view from the roof is a look at downtown Ottumwa.

The main campus of Ottumwa High School consists of a four-story building in downtown Ottumwa. The hill on which the building sits was once the site of Chief Wapello's tribal village. Legend suggests he originally called the area "Ottumwa" from this spot in 1838.

The four floors of the main building can be roughly divided by subject areas: the rooms on the bottom floor contain mostly social studies and foreign language classrooms; the second floor contains several offices, family and consumer science classrooms, and mathematics classrooms; the third floor is mostly mathematics and language arts classrooms; and the fourth floor houses science and language arts classrooms. The school's auditorium and gymnasium are usually accessed from the second floor, though the auditorium and gyms have entrances on the third floor as well.

The Vo-Tech building houses vocational classrooms, a JROTC room, and a fiber optics network room on its first floor. Performing arts classrooms are located on its second floor.

The two buildings are connected by a central cafeteria or commons; this building also houses a second-floor library with approximately 9,000 volumes.

Ottumwa High School does not hold any sporting contests on its campus; instead, the school uses other buildings, public facilities, or the stadium within Ottumwa. This is expected to change with the completion of the new gym complex in 2024.[6]

Faculty awards edit

Mr. Hanson, then principal of OHS, was named the 2015 Iowa Secondary Principal of the Year on May 11, 2015, at a school-wide assembly at Ottumwa High School.[7]

In 2001, anatomy/physiology teacher Gail Wortmann was named Iowa Teacher of the Year.[8] She was also awarded the Milken Family Foundation Teacher of the Year award in that year.[9]

From 2000 to 2002, science teacher Peggy Steffen served as an Einstein Fellow for NASA.[10]

Extracurricular activities edit

Students at Ottumwa High School can participate in many extracurricular activities. In addition to 14 varsity athletic teams (archery, baseball/softball, basketball, bowling, cheerleading, cross-country running, football, golf, swimming, tennis, track and field, volleyball, soccer, trapshoot, dance, and wrestling), OHS offers numerous clubs and other activities such as the JROTC program and Drama, as well band, choirs, and orchestra.

An Art Club, Debate Team, Speech Team, International Club, Best Buddies, Fellowship of the Rainbow, and Science Club are joined by local chapters of DECA, Family Career and Community Leaders, Future Educators of America, Human Rights Youth, SADD, and the National Honor Society (known at OHS as the "Torch Club") to extend opportunities for students.

Athletics edit

  • Baseball - 2-time Class 4A State Champions (1996, 1997)[11]
  • Boys' basketball - 5-time State Champions (1912, 1915, 1928, 1942, 1949)[12]
  • Girls' bowling - 3-time Class 2A State Champions (2007, 2009, 2012)[13]
  • Boys' cross country - 4-time State Champions (1931, 1932, 1933, 1940)[14]
  • Football - 1963 State Champions[15]
  • Boys' golf - 11-time State Champions (1943, 1944, 1952, 1953, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1997, 2009)[16]
  • Coed golf - 2-time Class 2A State Champions (2007, 2008)[13]
  • Girls' golf - 5-time State Champions (1984, 1985, 1987, 1997, 2007)[13]
  • Softball - 2-time State Champions (1976, 1995)[13]
  • Wrestling - 1923 State Champions[17]

Curriculum edit

Ottumwa High School is a four-year comprehensive high school serving 1,300 students in grades 9–12. It is accredited by North Central Association and the State of Iowa Department of Public Instruction. The school year is divided into two semesters of 90 days in length. Class size averages 25 students with seven 50-minute periods.[18]

School day edit

Ottumwa High School utilizes a seven-period school day, with classes beginning at 8:10 am and ending at 3:15 p.m. School is also dismissed at 1:00 p.m. every Friday for teacher professional development. All students are required to take several core academic classes, including three years of language arts, two years of mathematics, three years of social studies, two years of science, and two years of physical education to graduate and receive a diploma.

SparkTank edit

SparkTank is a project-based program that began in 2018. It allows students at the Ottumwa High School to gain work experiences by connecting with local businesses to provide a real work environment and a real work experience. The courses that SparkTank offers are engineering and design, building manufacturing, Ignite, communication and technology, building and construction, and school to work classes. Although this course is set up in a different manner than a classroom, students still use teamwork and collaboration to meet project deadlines. Students are working for  local businesses, expectations are higher to meet the business’ standard. SparkTank also helps students with their communication skills, technical skills, employability skills, and cooperation skills. SparkTank's ultimate goal is to give students the life lessons they need to find and career goal and find a job after graduation. SparkTank is located at 325 East Main Street, Ottumwa. SparkTank partners with the Governor's Stem Advisory Council, Iowa ALN, and Future Ready Iowa.[19]

Notable alumni edit

Ottumwa High School's alumni association was founded in 2012. It provides an alumni choir, pep band, and sporting events. The association plans to work with the student council, give out scholarships, and help fund school reunions.

There are currently 16 Ottumwa alumni working at the Ottumwa High School, roughly 9.6% percent of the whole faculty, in 10 departments.

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ "A Quiet Leader". Retrieved 13 May 2023.
  2. ^ a b c "Ottumwa High School". National Center for Education Statistics. Retrieved November 15, 2021.
  3. ^ a b Meagher, G.; Munsell, H. Ottumwa, Yesterday and Today. p. 49 and 51.
  4. ^ Ottumwa Courier (2001), Ottumwa to receive nearly $1 million for OHS improvements.
  5. ^ Ottumwa Courier (November 24, 2002), Hundreds pack new auditorium.
  6. ^ a b c d writer, CHAD DRURY Courier staff. "OCSD set to embark on major improvements". Ottumwa Courier. Retrieved 2023-05-14.
  7. ^ "Ottumwa Leader is Iowa Secondary Principal of the Year". SAI. Retrieved 26 May 2015.
  8. ^ "Iowa Teacher of the Year". Education Iowa. Retrieved 26 May 2015.
  9. ^ "Milken Educator Awards". Milken Educator Awards. Retrieved 26 May 2015.
  10. ^ "NASA". NASA Einstein Fellows. Retrieved 26 May 2015.
  11. ^ "2020 IHSAA Baseball State Tournament Stat Book" (PDF). Iowa High School Athletic Association. 2020-06-10. Retrieved 2020-09-23.
  12. ^ "2020 State Tournament Stat Book Basketball" (PDF). Iowa High School Athletic Association. 2020-01-29. Retrieved 2020-09-23.
  13. ^ a b c d "Ottumwa". Iowa High School Sports. Retrieved 2020-09-23.
  14. ^ "2020 IHSAA Cross Country Stat Book" (PDF). Iowa High School Athletic Association. 2019-12-16. Retrieved 2020-09-23.
  15. ^ "Record Book Football 2020 Complete Edition" (PDF). Iowa High School Athletic Association. 2020-06-09. Retrieved 2020-09-23.
  16. ^ "2019-2020 Golf Stat Book" (PDF). Iowa High School Athletic Association. 2019-12-16. Retrieved 2020-09-23.
  17. ^ "2020 Wrestling Stat Book" (PDF). Iowa High School Athletic Association. 2020-01-29. Retrieved 2020-09-23.
  18. ^ "Ottumwa High School". Ottumwa School District. Retrieved 26 May 2015.
  19. ^ "SparkTank". www.ottumwaschools.com. Retrieved 2019-06-11.

References edit

  • Taylor, J. Ottumwa: One Hundred Years a City. Chicago: Max Corp. 1948. p. 52.
  • Meagher, G., Munsell, H. Ottumwa, Yesterday and Today. Ottumwa, Iowa: Ottumwa Stamp Works. 1923. p. 48–52.
  • Sterling, R. Wapello County History. Montezuma, Iowa: Sutherland Printing Company Inc. 1986. p. 154–159
  • Baker, C. In retrospect. Virginia Beach: The Donning Company. 1992. p. 164–167.

External links edit

  • Ottumwa High School
  • School Blog

ottumwa, high, school, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, this, article, possibly, contains, original, research, please, improve, verifying, claims, made, . This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article possibly contains original research Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations Statements consisting only of original research should be removed December 2017 Learn how and when to remove this message This article relies excessively on references to primary sources Please improve this article by adding secondary or tertiary sources Find sources Ottumwa High School news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2017 Learn how and when to remove this message Learn how and when to remove this message Ottumwa High School is a public high school located in Ottumwa Iowa United States It is part of the Ottumwa Community School District and is the district s only high school It was established in 1923 The school sports mascot is a bulldog Ottumwa High SchoolOttumwa High SchoolAddress501 E 2nd StOttumwa Wapello Iowa 52501United StatesCoordinates41 00 54 N 92 24 22 W 41 015 N 92 406 W 41 015 92 406InformationSchool typePublicEstablished1923School districtOttumwa Community School DistrictSuperintendentMike McGroryPrincipalShelley Bramschreiber 1 Teaching staff73 42 FTE 2 Enrollment1 282 2019 20 2 Student to teacher ratio17 46 2 Color s Red amp whiteAthletics conferenceIowa Alliance ConferenceSports14MascotBulldogWebsitewww wbr ottumwaschools wbr com wbr highschool wbr Contents 1 History 1 1 Schaefer Stadium 1 2 Current building 1 3 Building expansions 1 4 Vision Iowa Grant renovation 1 5 Renovation and extensions 2 Campus 3 Faculty awards 4 Extracurricular activities 4 1 Athletics 5 Curriculum 5 1 School day 5 2 SparkTank 6 Notable alumni 7 See also 8 Notes 9 References 10 External linksHistory editFor several years students in Ottumwa attended private classes inside area homes Later some students studied inside a local Methodist Episcopal church In 1865 the first public school in Ottumwa Adams School was completed at College Square an area bounded by College Fourth Second and Union Streets The school which utilized four classrooms on its top floor for the high school cost 28 818 57 3 to build and it sat on the same site as the present day high school It was declared unsafe in 1883 The school board voted to tear down the condemned building and build a new one at the same site With more citizens coming to Ottumwa an additional high school was constructed about a mile west of the Adams School site in 1899 This building later served as a junior high school until it was closed in 1982 Schaefer Stadium edit The Ottumwa High School football track stadium known as Schaefer Stadium was established in the early 1920s in memory of a past student of OHS Walter B Schaefer graduated from the Ottumwa High School in 1903 with athletic records and many college football opportunities citation needed He went to the University of Chicago to play football under the famous coaching of Amos Alonzo Stagg but Schaefer left college early to fight in the war citation needed Schaefer was killed while serving in 1918 He was considered one of the greatest athletes in Iowa and especially in football which is why the Ottumwa Stadium is now known as Schaefer Stadium citation needed In 2018 Schaefer Stadium was updated New bleachers for the home side and a new visitor exit were added Current building edit nbsp This building served as Ottumwa High School from 1899 to 1923 To address the growing student population the Ottumwa Community School District began construction on the current high school building at the same location as the Adams School in 1921 The new high school was designed by architects Croft amp Boerner of Minneapolis It was completed in 1923 As part of the construction the Adams School was lifted from its foundation and moved east it would serve as a building for vocational classes at the new high school Ottumwa High School as it stands today opened on August 29 1923 to grades 9 10 11 and 12 It reportedly cost just over one million dollars to complete 3 In the 1970s an additional building was completed the Vo Tech building for vocational and performing arts classes The facility was connected to the main building via a skywalk accessible from the second floor hallway This decade also saw the addition of a second gymnasium often nicknamed the Rubber Gym because of its rubber floor which was built behind the first gymnasium and replaced the Adams School which was demolished Building expansions edit In the 1990s a city property tax was levied to help fund a multi million dollar renovation project The original aim of the project was to renovate the school hallways and some classrooms add additional basement classrooms relocate the cafeteria and library to a new area adjacent to the original building and connecting to the Vo Tech building renovate and modernize the school s gymnasium facilities locker and exercise rooms and remodel the school s auditorium The project went over budget and the gymnasium and auditorium phases were scratched The cafeteria and library projects were successfully completed along with the basement classroom and hallway renovations by the end of the century The skywalk formerly connecting the Vo Tech and main buildings was replaced by the new building Vision Iowa Grant renovation edit In spring 2001 the school received a grant for nearly 1 million from Vision Iowa to remodel the auditorium which is where they now hold all of their pep rallies guest speakers and drama productions 4 During this renovation some plaster designs were removed from the original 1921 1923 ceiling and placed glass for viewing near the exits The auditorium was closed from 2002 to 2003 for renovations Its grand re opening took place on November 23 2003 5 At the same time additional renovations to the gymnasium facilities were completed with aid of a federal grant obtained with the help of Iowa Senator Tom Harkin Renovation and extensions edit In 2023 the Ottumwa Community School District approved a 30 million expansion and renovation plan for the high school 6 Expected to be done in two stages the plan calls for a 10 5 million competition gym that will be across the high school on Second Street and feature two full sized basketball courts and three volleyball courts 6 The remaining 19 5 million will be used on renovating the classrooms in the school with 20 to 25 classrooms undergoing major renovations 6 Campus edit nbsp OHS is situated on one of the highest hills in Ottumwa This view from the roof is a look at downtown Ottumwa The main campus of Ottumwa High School consists of a four story building in downtown Ottumwa The hill on which the building sits was once the site of Chief Wapello s tribal village Legend suggests he originally called the area Ottumwa from this spot in 1838 The four floors of the main building can be roughly divided by subject areas the rooms on the bottom floor contain mostly social studies and foreign language classrooms the second floor contains several offices family and consumer science classrooms and mathematics classrooms the third floor is mostly mathematics and language arts classrooms and the fourth floor houses science and language arts classrooms The school s auditorium and gymnasium are usually accessed from the second floor though the auditorium and gyms have entrances on the third floor as well The Vo Tech building houses vocational classrooms a JROTC room and a fiber optics network room on its first floor Performing arts classrooms are located on its second floor The two buildings are connected by a central cafeteria or commons this building also houses a second floor library with approximately 9 000 volumes Ottumwa High School does not hold any sporting contests on its campus instead the school uses other buildings public facilities or the stadium within Ottumwa This is expected to change with the completion of the new gym complex in 2024 6 Faculty awards editMr Hanson then principal of OHS was named the 2015 Iowa Secondary Principal of the Year on May 11 2015 at a school wide assembly at Ottumwa High School 7 In 2001 anatomy physiology teacher Gail Wortmann was named Iowa Teacher of the Year 8 She was also awarded the Milken Family Foundation Teacher of the Year award in that year 9 From 2000 to 2002 science teacher Peggy Steffen served as an Einstein Fellow for NASA 10 Extracurricular activities editStudents at Ottumwa High School can participate in many extracurricular activities In addition to 14 varsity athletic teams archery baseball softball basketball bowling cheerleading cross country running football golf swimming tennis track and field volleyball soccer trapshoot dance and wrestling OHS offers numerous clubs and other activities such as the JROTC program and Drama as well band choirs and orchestra An Art Club Debate Team Speech Team International Club Best Buddies Fellowship of the Rainbow and Science Club are joined by local chapters of DECA Family Career and Community Leaders Future Educators of America Human Rights Youth SADD and the National Honor Society known at OHS as the Torch Club to extend opportunities for students Athletics edit Baseball 2 time Class 4A State Champions 1996 1997 11 Boys basketball 5 time State Champions 1912 1915 1928 1942 1949 12 Girls bowling 3 time Class 2A State Champions 2007 2009 2012 13 Boys cross country 4 time State Champions 1931 1932 1933 1940 14 Football 1963 State Champions 15 Boys golf 11 time State Champions 1943 1944 1952 1953 1987 1988 1989 1991 1992 1997 2009 16 Coed golf 2 time Class 2A State Champions 2007 2008 13 Girls golf 5 time State Champions 1984 1985 1987 1997 2007 13 Softball 2 time State Champions 1976 1995 13 Wrestling 1923 State Champions 17 Curriculum editOttumwa High School is a four year comprehensive high school serving 1 300 students in grades 9 12 It is accredited by North Central Association and the State of Iowa Department of Public Instruction The school year is divided into two semesters of 90 days in length Class size averages 25 students with seven 50 minute periods 18 School day edit Ottumwa High School utilizes a seven period school day with classes beginning at 8 10 am and ending at 3 15 p m School is also dismissed at 1 00 p m every Friday for teacher professional development All students are required to take several core academic classes including three years of language arts two years of mathematics three years of social studies two years of science and two years of physical education to graduate and receive a diploma SparkTank edit SparkTank is a project based program that began in 2018 It allows students at the Ottumwa High School to gain work experiences by connecting with local businesses to provide a real work environment and a real work experience The courses that SparkTank offers are engineering and design building manufacturing Ignite communication and technology building and construction and school to work classes Although this course is set up in a different manner than a classroom students still use teamwork and collaboration to meet project deadlines Students are working for local businesses expectations are higher to meet the business standard SparkTank also helps students with their communication skills technical skills employability skills and cooperation skills SparkTank s ultimate goal is to give students the life lessons they need to find and career goal and find a job after graduation SparkTank is located at 325 East Main Street Ottumwa SparkTank partners with the Governor s Stem Advisory Council Iowa ALN and Future Ready Iowa 19 Notable alumni editOttumwa High School s alumni association was founded in 2012 It provides an alumni choir pep band and sporting events The association plans to work with the student council give out scholarships and help fund school reunions There are currently 16 Ottumwa alumni working at the Ottumwa High School roughly 9 6 percent of the whole faculty in 10 departments Tom Arnold 1977 actor philanthropist Chris Ash 1992 football coach Elnora M Gilfoyle occupational therapist Dean of the College of Applied Human Sciences and Provost Academic Vice President at Colorado State University Donald Keyhoe 1915 Marine Corps major and aviator UFO researcher and author Herschel C Loveless 1927 Governor of Iowa 1957 1961 E J Mather football and basketball player and coach Jack E McCoy 1946 Member of the Iowa House of Representatives Carol Morris 1954 Miss Universe winner in 1956 Stevan Robinson 1989 musician Tanner Varner gridiron football playerSee also editList of high schools in IowaNotes edit A Quiet Leader Retrieved 13 May 2023 a b c Ottumwa High School National Center for Education Statistics Retrieved November 15 2021 a b Meagher G Munsell H Ottumwa Yesterday and Today p 49 and 51 Ottumwa Courier 2001 Ottumwa to receive nearly 1 million for OHS improvements Ottumwa Courier November 24 2002 Hundreds pack new auditorium a b c d writer CHAD DRURY Courier staff OCSD set to embark on major improvements Ottumwa Courier Retrieved 2023 05 14 Ottumwa Leader is Iowa Secondary Principal of the Year SAI Retrieved 26 May 2015 Iowa Teacher of the Year Education Iowa Retrieved 26 May 2015 Milken Educator Awards Milken Educator Awards Retrieved 26 May 2015 NASA NASA Einstein Fellows Retrieved 26 May 2015 2020 IHSAA Baseball State Tournament Stat Book PDF Iowa High School Athletic Association 2020 06 10 Retrieved 2020 09 23 2020 State Tournament Stat Book Basketball PDF Iowa High School Athletic Association 2020 01 29 Retrieved 2020 09 23 a b c d Ottumwa Iowa High School Sports Retrieved 2020 09 23 2020 IHSAA Cross Country Stat Book PDF Iowa High School Athletic Association 2019 12 16 Retrieved 2020 09 23 Record Book Football 2020 Complete Edition PDF Iowa High School Athletic Association 2020 06 09 Retrieved 2020 09 23 2019 2020 Golf Stat Book PDF Iowa High School Athletic Association 2019 12 16 Retrieved 2020 09 23 2020 Wrestling Stat Book PDF Iowa High School Athletic Association 2020 01 29 Retrieved 2020 09 23 Ottumwa High School Ottumwa School District Retrieved 26 May 2015 SparkTank www ottumwaschools com Retrieved 2019 06 11 References editTaylor J Ottumwa One Hundred Years a City Chicago Max Corp 1948 p 52 Meagher G Munsell H Ottumwa Yesterday and Today Ottumwa Iowa Ottumwa Stamp Works 1923 p 48 52 Sterling R Wapello County History Montezuma Iowa Sutherland Printing Company Inc 1986 p 154 159 Baker C In retrospect Virginia Beach The Donning Company 1992 p 164 167 External links editOttumwa High School School Blog Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ottumwa High School amp oldid 1218649273, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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