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Otto Theodor von Manteuffel

April 12, 2024

Otto Theodor Freiherr von Manteuffel (3 February 1805 – 26 November 1882)[1] was a conservative Prussian statesman, serving nearly a decade as prime minister.

Otto Theodor von Manteuffel
6th Minister President of Prussia
In office
9 December 1850 – 6 November 1858
MonarchFrederick William IV
Preceded byFriedrich Wilhelm, Count Brandenburg
Succeeded byKarl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern
Foreign Minister of Prussia
In office
2 November 1850 – 6 November 1858
MonarchFrederick William IV
Preceded byJoseph von Radowitz
Succeeded byAlexander von Schleinitz
Personal details
Born(1805-02-03)3 February 1805
Lübben (Spreewald), Brandenburg, kingdom of Prussia
Died26 November 1882(1882-11-26) (aged 77)
Gut Krossen, German Empire

Early life edit

Born into an aristocratic family in Lübben (Spreewald), Manteuffel attended the Landesschule Pforta from 1819. In 1824–1827, he studied jurisprudence and cameralism at the University of Halle, where he joined the Corps Saxonia Halle, a duelling Studentenverbindung in the Kösener Senioren-Convents-Verband ("KSCV").

Career edit

In 1830, Manteuffel commenced his clerkship in law. He became a Landrat (local administrator) of the district of Luckau in 1833; in 1841, he was promoted to Oberregierungsrat (a senior administrative position) in Königsberg, and in 1843 he was made Vice-President of the government in Stettin. In 1844, the Prince of Prussia, who was then the head of the Ministry of State, appointed him there as an expert councillor (vortragender Rat). Soon thereafter he was also made a member of the royal Council of State. He worked in the field of finance until in 1845 he was made Director at the Ministry of the Interior. The Vereinigte Landtag of 1847 (an assembly of the members of Prussia's provincial legislatures) gave him an opportunity to demonstrate his parliamentary skills, whereupon Manteuffel showed himself a champion of the bureaucratic political system and an opponent of constitutional liberalism.

On November 8, 1848, Manteuffel entered the cabinet of Friedrich Wilhelm, Count Brandenburg, receiving the portfolio of the Ministry of the Interior. For the next ten years, he held various positions in the government and was high in the favor of King Friedrich Wilhelm IV.[citation needed]

Manteuffel had a major part in drafting the Prussian constitution of 5 December 1848. But it was also he who contributed to the announcement of 7 January 1850, which repealed significant provisions of that constitution; he also defended it in Parliament. During his career in the post-revolution Prussian government, Manteuffel proved an important reformer whose changes were of crucial historical importance.[citation needed] He conceived of the purpose of government as being a mediating entity for the "conflicting interests" within Prussian civil society.[2] In pursuing this mediation position, Manteuffel often came into conflict with the conservative and ultra-conservative members of the parliamentary government, whom he found unwilling to fully embrace the new constitutional order. He stressed that gone were the days in which the Prussian state should act, in his own words, 'like the landed estate of a nobleman.'[3] He faced this opposition head on. However, Manteuffel's efforts to impose a more structured decision making apparatus within the royal palace was halted by the ultra-conservatives who, due to their high aristocratic status, traditionally had the most direct contact with the king.[4]

There was a greater degree of success to be found in Manteuffel's other efforts, however. One of these was directed at creating a less regulated economy. In 1856, as Minister-President, he oversaw government policy removing state controls over the "flow of credit to financial institutions" and limiting supervisory powers within the iron and coal industries.[5] Manteuffel also enjoyed success in his efforts to give the Prussian state a much more hands-off stance toward the press. This was a necessary step due to the increased antagonism between these two entities in recent years. Switching from a policy of outright censorship, after 1848 the Prussian state began imposing hefty penalties on publications which printed material damaging to state interests.[6] Responding to increasing pressure to find a different press policy, Manteuffel decided to diminish the confrontational nature of the government stance. The government no longer directly censored or attacked the press but instead joined the printed debate through the placement of "government friendly-articles in key journals."[7] This was a major shift in the relationship between press and state in Prussia. Instead of imposing regulations from above, the government operated in the arena of the press itself. Manteuffel was thus very much aware of the need to face rather than repress the power of the press which, in his words, '[had] grown with the expanded participation of the people in public affairs.'[8]

When he was temporarily entrusted with managing foreign affairs after the Count of Brandenburg died, he took part in the negotiations for the Agreement of Olmütz in November 1850, and surrendered the constitutional rights of Kurhessen and Holstein to the Austrian restoration zeal. "The strong man takes a step back"; these were the words with which he sought to calm the members of the recently re-established Bundestag who were unhappy with these measures. On 19 December 1850 he was permanently appointed Prussian Prime Minister and Foreign Minister, in which function he took part in the negotiations for the Treaty of Paris of 1856. He remained in this post until October 1858, when the king gave up the throne, and the Prince of Prussia (afterwards Emperor William the Great) became regent.[9]

On 6 November, he and the entire cabinet were dismissed. He thereupon withdrew to his estate in Lausitz, and after being elected by Görlitz entered the Prussian House of Representatives, but did not participate in the proceedings in any spectacular way. From 1864 he was a member of the Prussian House of Lords.

Honors edit

On 6 February 1850, he was made an honorary citizen of Berlin, and the Manteuffelstraße in Kreuzberg was named after him. In the southern part of Wlhelmshaven, another Manteuffelstraße was opened on 17 June 1869 in the presence of King Wilhelm I. By the street lay the Manteuffelplatz (Exerzierplatz). He was also an honorary citizen of Danzig, Brandenburg an der Havel, Stettin and all the towns of the Niederlausitz.

He died at Gut Krossen in Luckau in Niederlausitz.

Orders and decorations edit

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Full name and birth and death dates are from Wippermann (1884), p. 260
  2. ^ Clark (2006), p. 503
  3. ^ Clark (2006), p. 504
  4. ^ Clark (2006), p. 506
  5. ^ Clark (2006), p. 505
  6. ^ Clark (2006), p. 507
  7. ^ Clark (2006), p. 508
  8. ^ Clark (2006), p. 509
  9. ^ Manley/Schurz, p. 214.
  10. ^ Königlich Preussische Ordensliste (in German), vol. 1, Berlin: Gedruckt in der Reichsdruckerei, 1877, pp. 11, 38, 923, 964 – via hathitrust.org
  11. ^ "Königliche Ritter-orden", Staatshandbuch für den Freistaat Sachsen (1873) (in German), Dresden, 1873, p. 5{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  12. ^ a b "Großherzogliche Orden und Ehrenzeichen", Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Grossherzogtums Hessen, 1881, pp. 24, 47
  13. ^ H. Tarlier (1853). Almanach royal officiel, publié, exécution d'un arrête du roi (in French). Vol. 1. p. 49.
  14. ^ Jørgen Pedersen (2009). Riddere af Elefantordenen, 1559–2009 (in Danish). Syddansk Universitetsforlag. p. 260. ISBN 978-87-7674-434-2.
  15. ^ "Großherzogliche Orden", Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden, Karlsruhe, 1880, pp. 60, 102{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  16. ^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreichs Bayern (in German). Königl. Oberpostamt. 1867. p. 11. Retrieved 2019-07-15.
  17. ^ "Herzoglicher Haus-orden Albrecht des Bären", Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Herzogtum Anhalt, Dessau, 1867, p. 19{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  18. ^ Staat Oldenburg (1876). Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Großherzogtums Oldenburg: für ... 1876. Schulze. p. 34.
  19. ^ "Herzogliche Sachsen-Ernestinischer Hausorden", Staatshandbücher für das Herzogtums Sachsen-Altenburg, 1869, p. 24
  20. ^ "Seccion IV: Ordenes del Imperio", Almanaque imperial para el año 1866 (in Spanish), 1866, p. 244, retrieved 29 April 2020
  21. ^ Württemberg (1873). Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreichs Württemberg: 1873. p. 33.

References edit

  • Clark, Christopher (2006). Iron Kingdom: The Rise and Downfall of Prussia, 1600–1947. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674023857.
  • Schurz, Carl, Lebenserinnerungen bis zum Jahre 1850: Selections, edited with notes and vocabulary by Edward Manley, Norwood, Massachusetts: Allyn and Bacon, 1913. This is a German reader. The text is in German and the notes are in English.
  • Wippermann, Karl (1884). "Manteuffel, Otto Theodor von". Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German). 20: 260–272.

April 12, 2024
otto, theodor, manteuffel, otto, theodor, freiherr, manteuffel, february, 1805, november, 1882, conservative, prussian, statesman, serving, nearly, decade, prime, minister, minister, president, prussiain, office, december, 1850, november, 1858monarchfrederick,. Otto Theodor Freiherr von Manteuffel 3 February 1805 26 November 1882 1 was a conservative Prussian statesman serving nearly a decade as prime minister Otto Theodor von Manteuffel6th Minister President of PrussiaIn office 9 December 1850 6 November 1858MonarchFrederick William IVPreceded byFriedrich Wilhelm Count BrandenburgSucceeded byKarl Anton Prince of HohenzollernForeign Minister of PrussiaIn office 2 November 1850 6 November 1858MonarchFrederick William IVPreceded byJoseph von RadowitzSucceeded byAlexander von SchleinitzPersonal detailsBorn 1805 02 03 3 February 1805Lubben Spreewald Brandenburg kingdom of PrussiaDied26 November 1882 1882 11 26 aged 77 Gut Krossen German Empire Contents 1 Early life 2 Career 3 Honors 3 1 Orders and decorations 4 See also 5 Notes 5 1 ReferencesEarly life editBorn into an aristocratic family in Lubben Spreewald Manteuffel attended the Landesschule Pforta from 1819 In 1824 1827 he studied jurisprudence and cameralism at the University of Halle where he joined the Corps Saxonia Halle a duelling Studentenverbindung in the Kosener Senioren Convents Verband KSCV Career editIn 1830 Manteuffel commenced his clerkship in law He became a Landrat local administrator of the district of Luckau in 1833 in 1841 he was promoted to Oberregierungsrat a senior administrative position in Konigsberg and in 1843 he was made Vice President of the government in Stettin In 1844 the Prince of Prussia who was then the head of the Ministry of State appointed him there as an expert councillor vortragender Rat Soon thereafter he was also made a member of the royal Council of State He worked in the field of finance until in 1845 he was made Director at the Ministry of the Interior The Vereinigte Landtag of 1847 an assembly of the members of Prussia s provincial legislatures gave him an opportunity to demonstrate his parliamentary skills whereupon Manteuffel showed himself a champion of the bureaucratic political system and an opponent of constitutional liberalism On November 8 1848 Manteuffel entered the cabinet of Friedrich Wilhelm Count Brandenburg receiving the portfolio of the Ministry of the Interior For the next ten years he held various positions in the government and was high in the favor of King Friedrich Wilhelm IV citation needed Manteuffel had a major part in drafting the Prussian constitution of 5 December 1848 But it was also he who contributed to the announcement of 7 January 1850 which repealed significant provisions of that constitution he also defended it in Parliament During his career in the post revolution Prussian government Manteuffel proved an important reformer whose changes were of crucial historical importance citation needed He conceived of the purpose of government as being a mediating entity for the conflicting interests within Prussian civil society 2 In pursuing this mediation position Manteuffel often came into conflict with the conservative and ultra conservative members of the parliamentary government whom he found unwilling to fully embrace the new constitutional order He stressed that gone were the days in which the Prussian state should act in his own words like the landed estate of a nobleman 3 He faced this opposition head on However Manteuffel s efforts to impose a more structured decision making apparatus within the royal palace was halted by the ultra conservatives who due to their high aristocratic status traditionally had the most direct contact with the king 4 There was a greater degree of success to be found in Manteuffel s other efforts however One of these was directed at creating a less regulated economy In 1856 as Minister President he oversaw government policy removing state controls over the flow of credit to financial institutions and limiting supervisory powers within the iron and coal industries 5 Manteuffel also enjoyed success in his efforts to give the Prussian state a much more hands off stance toward the press This was a necessary step due to the increased antagonism between these two entities in recent years Switching from a policy of outright censorship after 1848 the Prussian state began imposing hefty penalties on publications which printed material damaging to state interests 6 Responding to increasing pressure to find a different press policy Manteuffel decided to diminish the confrontational nature of the government stance The government no longer directly censored or attacked the press but instead joined the printed debate through the placement of government friendly articles in key journals 7 This was a major shift in the relationship between press and state in Prussia Instead of imposing regulations from above the government operated in the arena of the press itself Manteuffel was thus very much aware of the need to face rather than repress the power of the press which in his words had grown with the expanded participation of the people in public affairs 8 When he was temporarily entrusted with managing foreign affairs after the Count of Brandenburg died he took part in the negotiations for the Agreement of Olmutz in November 1850 and surrendered the constitutional rights of Kurhessen and Holstein to the Austrian restoration zeal The strong man takes a step back these were the words with which he sought to calm the members of the recently re established Bundestag who were unhappy with these measures On 19 December 1850 he was permanently appointed Prussian Prime Minister and Foreign Minister in which function he took part in the negotiations for the Treaty of Paris of 1856 He remained in this post until October 1858 when the king gave up the throne and the Prince of Prussia afterwards Emperor William the Great became regent 9 On 6 November he and the entire cabinet were dismissed He thereupon withdrew to his estate in Lausitz and after being elected by Gorlitz entered the Prussian House of Representatives but did not participate in the proceedings in any spectacular way From 1864 he was a member of the Prussian House of Lords Honors editOn 6 February 1850 he was made an honorary citizen of Berlin and the Manteuffelstrasse in Kreuzberg was named after him In the southern part of Wlhelmshaven another Manteuffelstrasse was opened on 17 June 1869 in the presence of King Wilhelm I By the street lay the Manteuffelplatz Exerzierplatz He was also an honorary citizen of Danzig Brandenburg an der Havel Stettin and all the towns of the Niederlausitz He died at Gut Krossen in Luckau in Niederlausitz Orders and decorations edit nbsp Kingdom of Prussia 10 Grand Cross of the Red Eagle with Oak Leaves Crown and Scepter 18 January 1851 Grand Commander s Cross of the Royal House Order of Hohenzollern 23 August 1851 Knight of the Black Eagle 29 March 1856 with Collar 1857 in Diamonds 1858 Commander of Honour of the Johanniter Order 1856 nbsp Kingdom of Saxony Knight of the Rue Crown 1851 11 nbsp Grand Duchy of Hesse Grand Cross of the Ludwig Order 27 June 1851 12 nbsp Electorate of Hesse Knight of the Golden Lion 12 August 1851 12 nbsp Belgium Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold civil 14 April 1852 13 nbsp Denmark Knight of the Elephant 11 June 1852 14 nbsp Baden 15 Grand Cross of the Zahringer Lion 1852 Knight of the House Order of Fidelity 1853 nbsp Kingdom of Bavaria Knight of St Hubert 1853 16 nbsp Ascanian duchies Grand Cross of the Order of Albert the Bear 25 January 1854 17 nbsp Oldenburg Grand Cross of the Order of Duke Peter Friedrich Ludwig with Golden Crown 21 March 1854 18 nbsp nbsp nbsp Ernestine duchies Grand Cross of the Saxe Ernestine House Order March 1854 19 nbsp United Mexican States Grand Cross of the National Order of Our Lady of Guadalupe 1855 20 nbsp Wurttemberg Grand Cross of the Wurttemberg Crown 1856 21 See also editManteuffel cabinetNotes edit Full name and birth and death dates are from Wippermann 1884 p 260 Clark 2006 p 503 Clark 2006 p 504 Clark 2006 p 506 Clark 2006 p 505 Clark 2006 p 507 Clark 2006 p 508 Clark 2006 p 509 Manley Schurz p 214 Koniglich Preussische Ordensliste in German vol 1 Berlin Gedruckt in der Reichsdruckerei 1877 pp 11 38 923 964 via hathitrust org Konigliche Ritter orden Staatshandbuch fur den Freistaat Sachsen 1873 in German Dresden 1873 p 5 a href Template Citation html title Template Citation citation a CS1 maint location missing publisher link a b Grossherzogliche Orden und Ehrenzeichen Hof und Staats Handbuch des Grossherzogtums Hessen 1881 pp 24 47 H Tarlier 1853 Almanach royal officiel publie execution d un arrete du roi in French Vol 1 p 49 Jorgen Pedersen 2009 Riddere af Elefantordenen 1559 2009 in Danish Syddansk Universitetsforlag p 260 ISBN 978 87 7674 434 2 Grossherzogliche Orden Hof und Staats Handbuch des Grossherzogtum Baden Karlsruhe 1880 pp 60 102 a href Template Citation html title Template Citation citation a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Hof und Staats Handbuch des Konigreichs Bayern in German Konigl Oberpostamt 1867 p 11 Retrieved 2019 07 15 Herzoglicher Haus orden Albrecht des Baren Hof und Staats Handbuch des Herzogtum Anhalt Dessau 1867 p 19 a href Template Citation html title Template Citation citation a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Staat Oldenburg 1876 Hof und Staatshandbuch des Grossherzogtums Oldenburg fur 1876 Schulze p 34 Herzogliche Sachsen Ernestinischer Hausorden Staatshandbucher fur das Herzogtums Sachsen Altenburg 1869 p 24 Seccion IV Ordenes del Imperio Almanaque imperial para el ano 1866 in Spanish 1866 p 244 retrieved 29 April 2020 Wurttemberg 1873 Hof und Staats Handbuch des Konigreichs Wurttemberg 1873 p 33 References edit Clark Christopher 2006 Iron Kingdom The Rise and Downfall of Prussia 1600 1947 Cambridge MA Harvard University Press ISBN 9780674023857 Schurz Carl Lebenserinnerungen bis zum Jahre 1850 Selections edited with notes and vocabulary by Edward Manley Norwood Massachusetts Allyn and Bacon 1913 This is a German reader The text is in German and the notes are in English Wippermann Karl 1884 Manteuffel Otto Theodor von Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie in German 20 260 272 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Otto Theodor von Manteuffel amp oldid 1208864961, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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