The ornate wrasse shows sexual dichromatism. the females are greenish-brown with a dark bar on each scale and five bluish vertical stripes. Males have red heads with blue markings. Situated immediately to the rear of the pectoral fin they have a vertical blue stripe with red margins.[3] The caudal fin in both sexes is turquoise.[4] The juveniles are green overall and have a black spot halfway along the back, positioned immediately below the dorsal fin.[5] The body is elongated and laterally compressed with a sharp, oval head. The snout is short with a small, terminal mouth and thick lips. In younger fish the caudal fin and as the fish matures it becomes concave with elongated outer rays forming filaments.[3] It can reach 25 cm (9.8 in) in length, though most do not exceed 20 cm (7.9 in).[2] The dorsal fin has eight spines and 12-13 soft rays while the anal fin has three spines and 10-12 soft rays.[6]
A group of ornate wrasse off Attica, Greece
DistributionEdit
The ornate wrasse is a species of the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. In the eastern Atlantic it occurs from Portugal southwards along the coast of West Africa as far as Senegal. It also occurs around the Macaronesia, archipelagoes of the Cape Verde Islands, Canary Islands, Madeira, Salvage Islands and the Azores. In the Mediterranean it occurs all along the African and Asian coasts and most of the northern coasts except for the northern parts of the Adriatic and some parts of the north western Mediterranean.[1] However, global warming may be allowing ornate wrasse to extend its range northwards and it has increasingly been collected in the Ligurian Sea[7] and off Provence. It is absent from the Black Sea.[5]
Habitat and biologyEdit
The ornate wrasse occurs in on rocky areas where there are growths of algae and Posidoniasea grass beds, it is found from 0 to 50 metres (0 to 164 ft).[3] It can also be found living in anthropogenic structures including shipwrecks, piers and jetties.[1] The females and the juvenile normally live in small groups while the adult males are solitary. In the breeding season the males become territorial and guard a harem.[3] Its diet consists of small molluscs and crustaceans and the juveniles will act as cleaner fish, feeding on the ectoparasites taken off the skin of other fishes.[1] As it hunts for this prey it swims with quick jerky movements.[5] They bury into sandy areas at night by vigorously shaking their tail, spending the night on their sides in the sand.[3]
The ornate wrasse is a protogynous hermaphrodite and females may transform into males which is signified by a change of colour. This means that the population is dominated by a large number of young, fertile females which can produce a large number of eggs. The older and larger solitary males are fewer in numbers as they suffer from a greater predation pressure.[3]Spawning occurs in the spring and the eggs are pelagic.[8]
Human usageEdit
The ornate wrasse is a quarry species for local fisheries in the eastern Mediterranean and in the Macaronesian archipelagoes, it is fished for using both hook and line and traps. It is also found in the aquarium trade.[1]
^ abcdePollard, D.; Afonso, P. (2010). "Thalassoma pavo". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T187418A8530118. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T187418A8530118.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
^ abFroese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2019). "Thalossoma pavo" in FishBase. August 2019 version.
^ abcdef"Ornate Wrasse". L’Aquàrium Barecelona. Retrieved 2 February 2020.
^ abc"Ornate wrasse". Institut océanographique Paul Ricard. Retrieved 2 February 2020.
^J.C Hureau (ed.). "Fishes of the NE Atlantic and Mediterranean". Marine Species Identification Portal. ETI Bioinformatics. Retrieved 2 February 2020.
^Vacchi M; Morri C; Modena M; et al. (2001). "Temperature changes and warm-water species in the Ligurian Sea: the case of the ornate wrasse Thalassoma pavo (Linnaeus, 1758)". Archo Oceanogr.Limnol. 22: 149–154. Abstract
^"Ornate Wrasse – Thalassoma Pavo". We Heart Diving. Retrieved 2 February 2020.
ornate, wrasse, ornate, wrasse, thalassoma, pavo, species, wrasse, native, rocky, coasts, eastern, atlantic, ocean, mediterranean, this, species, minor, importance, local, commercial, fisheries, also, popular, game, fish, found, aquarium, trade, femalemalecons. The ornate wrasse Thalassoma pavo is a species of wrasse native to the rocky coasts of the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea This species is of minor importance to local commercial fisheries is also popular as a game fish and can be found in the aquarium trade Ornate wrassefemalemaleConservation statusLeast Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass ActinopterygiiOrder LabriformesFamily LabridaeGenus ThalassomaSpecies T pavoBinomial nameThalassoma pavo Linnaeus 1758 Synonyms 2 Labrus pavo Linnaeus 1758 Chlorichthys pavo Linnaeus 1758 Julis pavo Linnaeus 1758 Labrus syriacus Bloch amp J G Schneider 1801 Labrus leo Rafinesque 1810 Julis squamimarginatus S Bowdich 1825 Julis turcica Risso 1827 Julis blochii Valenciennes 1839 Julis unimaculata R T Lowe 1841 Thalassoma unimaculatum R T Lowe 1841 Julis unimaculata lineolata R T Lowe 1841 Julis unimaculata taeniata R T Lowe 1841 Thalassoma pavo taeniata R T Lowe 1841 Julis turcica torquata R T Lowe 1843 Thalassoma pavo torquata R T Lowe 1843 Julis turcica lemniscata R T Lowe 1843 Thalassoma pavo lemniscata R T Lowe 1843 Julis vulgaris Valenciennes 1843 Contents 1 Description 2 Distribution 3 Habitat and biology 4 Human usage 5 Species description 6 References 7 External linksDescription EditThe ornate wrasse shows sexual dichromatism the females are greenish brown with a dark bar on each scale and five bluish vertical stripes Males have red heads with blue markings Situated immediately to the rear of the pectoral fin they have a vertical blue stripe with red margins 3 The caudal fin in both sexes is turquoise 4 The juveniles are green overall and have a black spot halfway along the back positioned immediately below the dorsal fin 5 The body is elongated and laterally compressed with a sharp oval head The snout is short with a small terminal mouth and thick lips In younger fish the caudal fin and as the fish matures it becomes concave with elongated outer rays forming filaments 3 It can reach 25 cm 9 8 in in length though most do not exceed 20 cm 7 9 in 2 The dorsal fin has eight spines and 12 13 soft rays while the anal fin has three spines and 10 12 soft rays 6 A group of ornate wrasse off Attica GreeceDistribution EditThe ornate wrasse is a species of the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea In the eastern Atlantic it occurs from Portugal southwards along the coast of West Africa as far as Senegal It also occurs around the Macaronesia archipelagoes of the Cape Verde Islands Canary Islands Madeira Salvage Islands and the Azores In the Mediterranean it occurs all along the African and Asian coasts and most of the northern coasts except for the northern parts of the Adriatic and some parts of the north western Mediterranean 1 However global warming may be allowing ornate wrasse to extend its range northwards and it has increasingly been collected in the Ligurian Sea 7 and off Provence It is absent from the Black Sea 5 Habitat and biology EditThe ornate wrasse occurs in on rocky areas where there are growths of algae and Posidonia sea grass beds it is found from 0 to 50 metres 0 to 164 ft 3 It can also be found living in anthropogenic structures including shipwrecks piers and jetties 1 The females and the juvenile normally live in small groups while the adult males are solitary In the breeding season the males become territorial and guard a harem 3 Its diet consists of small molluscs and crustaceans and the juveniles will act as cleaner fish feeding on the ectoparasites taken off the skin of other fishes 1 As it hunts for this prey it swims with quick jerky movements 5 They bury into sandy areas at night by vigorously shaking their tail spending the night on their sides in the sand 3 The ornate wrasse is a protogynous hermaphrodite and females may transform into males which is signified by a change of colour This means that the population is dominated by a large number of young fertile females which can produce a large number of eggs The older and larger solitary males are fewer in numbers as they suffer from a greater predation pressure 3 Spawning occurs in the spring and the eggs are pelagic 8 Human usage EditThe ornate wrasse is a quarry species for local fisheries in the eastern Mediterranean and in the Macaronesian archipelagoes it is fished for using both hook and line and traps It is also found in the aquarium trade 1 Species description EditThe ornate wrasse was originally formally described in 1758 as Labrus pavo by Carolus Linnaeus in Volume X of the Systema Naturae and the type locality was given as Syria 9 References Edit a b c d e Pollard D Afonso P 2010 Thalassoma pavo IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010 e T187418A8530118 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2010 4 RLTS T187418A8530118 en Retrieved 20 November 2021 a b Froese Rainer Pauly Daniel eds 2019 Thalossoma pavo in FishBase August 2019 version a b c d e f Ornate Wrasse L Aquarium Barecelona Retrieved 2 February 2020 Ornate Wrasse Thalassoma pavo diving canary islands com a b c Ornate wrasse Institut oceanographique Paul Ricard Retrieved 2 February 2020 J C Hureau ed Fishes of the NE Atlantic and Mediterranean Marine Species Identification Portal ETI Bioinformatics Retrieved 2 February 2020 Vacchi M Morri C Modena M et al 2001 Temperature changes and warm water species in the Ligurian Sea the case of the ornate wrasse Thalassoma pavo Linnaeus 1758 Archo Oceanogr Limnol 22 149 154 Abstract Ornate Wrasse Thalassoma Pavo We Heart Diving Retrieved 2 February 2020 Eschmeyer William N Fricke Ron amp van der Laan Richard eds Labrus pavo Catalog of Fishes California Academy of Sciences Retrieved 2 February 2020 External links EditPhotos of Ornate wrasse on Sealife Collection Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ornate wrasse amp oldid 1159484422, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
