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Ordre national du Mérite

October 27, 2023

The Ordre national du Mérite (French: [ɔʁdʁ nɑsjɔnal dy meʁit]; English: National Order of Merit) is a French order of merit with membership awarded by the President of the French Republic, founded on 3 December 1963 by President Charles de Gaulle. The reason for the order's establishment was twofold: to replace the large number of ministerial orders previously awarded by the ministries; and to create an award that can be awarded at a lower level than the Legion of Honour, which is generally reserved for French citizens.[3] It comprises about 185,000 members; 306,000 members have been admitted or promoted in 50 years.[4]

Ordre national du Mérite
Sash, badge and star of a Grand Cross
Awarded by the President of France
TypeOrder of merit
Established3 December 1963
RibbonBlue
Awarded forDistinguished civil or military achievements
StatusActive [1]
Grand MasterPresident Emmanuel Macron
GradesGrand Cross
Grand Officer
Commander
Officer
Knight
Statistics
First induction1963
Precedence
Next (higher)Military Medal[2]
Next (lower)National Recognition Medal for Victims of Terrorism[2]
RelatedOrder of Agricultural Merit
Order of Maritime Merit

Grand-croix


Grand-officier

Commandeur


Officier

Chevalier
Ribbon bars of the order

History Edit

The Ordre national du Mérite comprises about 185,000 members; 306,000 members have been admitted or promoted in 50 years.[4] Half of its recipients are required to be women.[4]

Defunct ministerial orders Edit

The Ordre national du Mérite replaced the following ministerial and colonial orders:[3]

Colonial orders Edit

Special ministerial orders of merit Edit

  • Ordre du Mérite social (Order of Societal Merit) (1936)
  • Ordre de la Santé publique (Order of Public Health) (1938)
  • Ordre du Mérite commercial et industriel [fr] (Order of Commercial and Industrial Merit) (1939)
  • Ordre du Mérite artisanal [fr] (Order of Artisanal Merit) (1948)
  • Ordre du Mérite touristique [fr] (Order of Tourism Merit) (1949)
  • Ordre du Mérite combattant (Order of Combatant Merit) (1953)
  • Ordre du Mérite postal [fr] (Order of Postal Merit) (1953)
  • Ordre de l'Économie nationale [fr] (Order of the National Economy) (1954)
  • Ordre du Mérite sportif [fr] (Order of Sports Merit) (1956)
  • Ordre du Mérite du travail [fr] (Order of Work Merit) (1957)
  • Ordre du Mérite militaire (Order of Military Merit) (1957)
  • Ordre du Mérite civil (Order of Civil Merit) (1957)
  • Ordre du Mérite Saharien (Order of Saharan Merit) (1958)

Organisation Edit

Statutes Edit

French citizens as well as foreign nationals, men and women, can be received into the order for distinguished military or civil achievements, though of a lesser level than that required for the award of the Legion of Honour. The President of the French Republic is the Grand Master of the order and appoints all its members by convention on the advice of the Government of France. The order has a common Chancellor and Chancery with the Legion of Honour. Every Prime Minister of France is made a Grand Cross of the order after 6 months of service.[5] Jacques Chirac, who would later serve as president, was the first prime minister to receive the Grand Cross of the order ex officio.

Classes Edit

The Order has five classes, the same as the Legion of Honour:[3]

  • Three ranks:
    • Commander (Commandeur): minimum of 5 years in the rank of Officer (for active duty commissioned officers, this is achieved after five years in the rank of Officer)
    • Officer (Officier): minimum of 5 years in the rank of Knight (for active duty commissioned officers, this is achieved after seven years in the rank of Knight)
    • Knight (Chevalier): to be of a minimum age of 35, have a minimum of 10 years of public service (although, in practice, 15 years is the minimum commonly needed to be conferred the rank of Knight), and "distinguished merits" (for active duty commissioned officers, this is achieved after fifteen years of meritorious service)
  • Two additional dignities:
    • Grand Cross (Grand-Croix): minimum 3 years in the rank of Grand Officer
    • Grand Officer (Grand Officier): minimum 3 years in the rank of Commande

Insignia Edit

  • Knight – wears the Medal on the left chest (bow form for women in dress)
  • Officer – wears the Medal with rosette on the left chest (bow form for women in dress)
  • Commander – wears the necklet on the neck for men and women (left shoulder in bow form for women in dress)
  • Grand Officer – wears the Medal with rosette on the left chest, plus the Star on the right side of the stomach;
  • Grand Cross – wears the Sash on the right shoulder to the left hip and the Star on the left side of the stomach.
 
 
Reverse of the Knight's insignia of the Order

The medal and the plaque of the Order were designed by the French sculptor Max Leognany.[3]

  • The medal of the order is a six-armed Maltese asterisk in gilt (silver for chevalier) enamelled blue, with laurel leaves between the arms. The obverse central disc features the head of Marianne, surrounded by the legend République française (French Republic). The reverse central disc has a set of crossed tricolores, surrounded by the name of the order and its foundation date. The badge is suspended by a laurel wreath.
  • The star (plaque) is worn by Grand-Croix (in gilt on the left breast) and Grand Officier (in silver on the right breast) respectively; it is a twelve-armed sunburst, with rays (formerly plain, now in blue enamel) between the arms. The central disc features the head of Marianne, surrounded by the legend République française and the name of the Order, and in turn surrounded by a wreath of laurel.
  • The ribbon for the medal is a solid blue field. For the grade of Officier and above, a rosette is centered in the field. For the grades of Commandeur, Grand Officier, and Grand-Croix, the rosette is centered bar of silver; silver and gold, and a solid gold respectively.
Ordre national du Mérite Ribbons
 
Knight 		 
Officer 		 
Commander 		 
Grand Officer 		 
Grand Cross

Buttonhole Edit

Knight Officer Commander Grand Officer Grand Cross
         

Notable recipients Edit

Main category: Recipients of the Ordre national du Mérite

The individuals listed below have been admitted as members of the National Order of Merit:

French citizens Edit

Foreign nationals Edit

See also: List of foreign recipients of the National Order of Merit
  • James R. Allen Us Air Force General
    •  

      Commandant Jacques Cousteau, a Grand-Croix of the Ordre national du Mérite.

    •  

      Actor, director and writer Jacques Weber, a Chevalier of the Ordre national du Mérite.

    •  

      US Navy Admiral Frank Bowman, an Officier of the Ordre national du Mérite

    See also Edit

    References Edit

    Citations Edit

    1. ^ "Animation evangelist Biren Ghose awarded French National Order of Merit, knighthood by President of France". ANI News.
    2. ^ a b "National orders and decorations France's national decorations: The national system". Grand Chancery of the Legion of Honor. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
    3. ^ a b c d Battini, Jean; Zaniewicki, Witold (2003). Guide pratique des décorations françaises actuelles. Paris: LAVAUZELLE. pp. 37–48. ISBN 2-7025-1030-2.
    4. ^ a b c "The National Order of Merit | La grande chancellerie". Legiondhonneur.fr. Retrieved 2020-03-21.
    5. ^ "Décret n°74-1119 du 24 décembre 1974 MODIFIANT LE DECRET 631196 DU 03-12-1963 PORTANT CREATION D'UN ORDRE NATIONAL DU MERITE – Légifrance". www.legifrance.gouv.fr.
    6. ^ "Commandeur de l'ordre national du Mérite" (in French). Linternaute.com. October 2018. Retrieved 2020-03-21.
    7. ^ a b c d "Décret du 13 novembre 2009 portant élévation aux dignités de grand'croix et de grand officier". legifrance.gouv.fr (in French).
    8. ^ "Philippe Gurdjian, 1945 – 2014". The Official F1 Website. Retrieved 2020-11-30.
    9. ^ "Aline Heitaa-Archier distinguée de l'ordre national du mérite" (in French). Polynesie 1. 11 September 2023. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
    10. ^ "Congratulations to Catherine Jeandel! – GEOTRACES". June 29, 2015. Retrieved 2021-09-11.
    11. ^ "943 personnes dans la nouvelle promotion civile de l'ordre national du Mérite" [943 people in the new civil promotion of the National Order of Merit] (PDF). La grande chancellerie (in French). Retrieved 14 January 2023.
    12. ^ Décret du 24 novembre 2021 portant promotion et nomination dans l'ordre national du Mérite (in French) Retrieved 14 March 2023
    13. ^ "Ce que la Légion d'honneur signifie pour les licornes". BFM BUSINESS.
    14. ^ "Sylvie Tellier décorée de l'Ordre National du Mérite par Marlène Schiappa". BFM TV (in French). 27 June 2023.
    15. ^ "Légifrance".
    16. ^ "Chief Joseph Pfeifer awarded with the National Order of Merit by France on September 12th, 2021". Consulate General of France in New York. 2021-09-12. Archived from the original on 2022-01-27. Retrieved 2022-01-27.

    Sources Edit

    • Nostradamus (9 August 2008). . Les décorations Francaises (in French). Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
    • (in French). Association Nationale des Membres de l'Ordre National du Mérite. 2009. Archived from the original on 2009-06-26. Retrieved 2009-02-06.

    External links Edit

     
    Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ordre national du mérite.
    • France Phaléristique (in French)

    October 27, 2023
    ordre, national, mérite, french, ɔʁdʁ, nɑsjɔnal, meʁit, english, national, order, merit, french, order, merit, with, membership, awarded, president, french, republic, founded, december, 1963, president, charles, gaulle, reason, order, establishment, twofold, r. The Ordre national du Merite French ɔʁdʁ nɑsjɔnal dy meʁit English National Order of Merit is a French order of merit with membership awarded by the President of the French Republic founded on 3 December 1963 by President Charles de Gaulle The reason for the order s establishment was twofold to replace the large number of ministerial orders previously awarded by the ministries and to create an award that can be awarded at a lower level than the Legion of Honour which is generally reserved for French citizens 3 It comprises about 185 000 members 306 000 members have been admitted or promoted in 50 years 4 Ordre national du MeriteSash badge and star of a Grand CrossAwarded by the President of FranceTypeOrder of meritEstablished3 December 1963RibbonBlueAwarded forDistinguished civil or military achievementsStatusActive 1 Grand MasterPresident Emmanuel MacronGradesGrand Cross Grand Officer Commander Officer KnightStatisticsFirst induction1963PrecedenceNext higher Military Medal 2 Next lower National Recognition Medal for Victims of Terrorism 2 RelatedOrder of Agricultural MeritOrder of Maritime MeritGrand croixGrand officier Commandeur Officier ChevalierRibbon bars of the order Contents 1 History 1 1 Defunct ministerial orders 1 1 1 Colonial orders 1 1 2 Special ministerial orders of merit 2 Organisation 2 1 Statutes 2 2 Classes 3 Insignia 3 1 Buttonhole 4 Notable recipients 4 1 French citizens 4 2 Foreign nationals 5 See also 6 References 6 1 Citations 6 2 Sources 7 External linksHistory EditThe Ordre national du Merite comprises about 185 000 members 306 000 members have been admitted or promoted in 50 years 4 Half of its recipients are required to be women 4 Defunct ministerial orders Edit The Ordre national du Merite replaced the following ministerial and colonial orders 3 Colonial orders Edit Ordre de l Etoile d Anjouan 1874 Order of the Star of Anjouan Ordre du Nichan El Anouar 1887 Order of Nishan e Anuar or Order of Light Ordre de l Etoile Noire 1889 Order of the Black Star Special ministerial orders of merit Edit Ordre du Merite social Order of Societal Merit 1936 Ordre de la Sante publique Order of Public Health 1938 Ordre du Merite commercial et industriel fr Order of Commercial and Industrial Merit 1939 Ordre du Merite artisanal fr Order of Artisanal Merit 1948 Ordre du Merite touristique fr Order of Tourism Merit 1949 Ordre du Merite combattant Order of Combatant Merit 1953 Ordre du Merite postal fr Order of Postal Merit 1953 Ordre de l Economie nationale fr Order of the National Economy 1954 Ordre du Merite sportif fr Order of Sports Merit 1956 Ordre du Merite du travail fr Order of Work Merit 1957 Ordre du Merite militaire Order of Military Merit 1957 Ordre du Merite civil Order of Civil Merit 1957 Ordre du Merite Saharien Order of Saharan Merit 1958 Organisation EditStatutes Edit French citizens as well as foreign nationals men and women can be received into the order for distinguished military or civil achievements though of a lesser level than that required for the award of the Legion of Honour The President of the French Republic is the Grand Master of the order and appoints all its members by convention on the advice of the Government of France The order has a common Chancellor and Chancery with the Legion of Honour Every Prime Minister of France is made a Grand Cross of the order after 6 months of service 5 Jacques Chirac who would later serve as president was the first prime minister to receive the Grand Cross of the order ex officio Classes Edit The Order has five classes the same as the Legion of Honour 3 Three ranks Commander Commandeur minimum of 5 years in the rank of Officer for active duty commissioned officers this is achieved after five years in the rank of Officer Officer Officier minimum of 5 years in the rank of Knight for active duty commissioned officers this is achieved after seven years in the rank of Knight Knight Chevalier to be of a minimum age of 35 have a minimum of 10 years of public service although in practice 15 years is the minimum commonly needed to be conferred the rank of Knight and distinguished merits for active duty commissioned officers this is achieved after fifteen years of meritorious service Two additional dignities Grand Cross Grand Croix minimum 3 years in the rank of Grand Officer Grand Officer Grand Officier minimum 3 years in the rank of CommandeInsignia EditKnight wears the Medal on the left chest bow form for women in dress Officer wears the Medal with rosette on the left chest bow form for women in dress Commander wears the necklet on the neck for men and women left shoulder in bow form for women in dress Grand Officer wears the Medal with rosette on the left chest plus the Star on the right side of the stomach Grand Cross wears the Sash on the right shoulder to the left hip and the Star on the left side of the stomach nbsp nbsp Reverse of the Knight s insignia of the OrderThe medal and the plaque of the Order were designed by the French sculptor Max Leognany 3 The medal of the order is a six armed Maltese asterisk in gilt silver for chevalier enamelled blue with laurel leaves between the arms The obverse central disc features the head of Marianne surrounded by the legend Republique francaise French Republic The reverse central disc has a set of crossed tricolores surrounded by the name of the order and its foundation date The badge is suspended by a laurel wreath The star plaque is worn by Grand Croix in gilt on the left breast and Grand Officier in silver on the right breast respectively it is a twelve armed sunburst with rays formerly plain now in blue enamel between the arms The central disc features the head of Marianne surrounded by the legend Republique francaise and the name of the Order and in turn surrounded by a wreath of laurel The ribbon for the medal is a solid blue field For the grade of Officier and above a rosette is centered in the field For the grades of Commandeur Grand Officier and Grand Croix the rosette is centered bar of silver silver and gold and a solid gold respectively Ordre national du Merite Ribbons nbsp Knight nbsp Officer nbsp Commander nbsp Grand Officer nbsp Grand CrossButtonhole Edit Knight Officer Commander Grand Officer Grand Cross nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp Notable recipients EditMain category Recipients of the Ordre national du MeriteThis list is incomplete you can help by adding missing items September 2014 The individuals listed below have been admitted as members of the National Order of Merit French citizens Edit Charles Aznavour actor composer songwriter and singer 6 Jean Paul Belmondo actor Arnaud Beltrame gendarme officer Juliette Benzoni novelist Claude Bessy dancer 7 Francoise Cachin art historian and curator 7 Marie Lise Chanin physicist 7 Jacques Charpentier composer Rene Clair writer and filmmaker Yves Coppens anthropologist 7 Jacques Cousteau oceanographer Jean Delay psychiatrist and author Alain Delon actor Gerard Depardieu actor and filmmaker Georges Descrieres actor Catherine Destivelle rock climber and mountaineer Laurent Fabius former Prime Minister of France politician Erol Gelenbe rank of Commander computer scientist and professor President Charles de Gaulle statesman Jacques Gounon CEO of Groupe Eurotunnel Philippe Gurdjian racing driver and motorsport promoter 8 Aline Heitaa Archier educator and Marquesan language advocate 9 Isabelle Huppert actress Catherine Jeandel scientist 10 Jean Baptiste Kempf software developer entrepreneur chevalier 11 Patrick Kron corporate executive General Andre Lalande military officer Robert Lecou politician Heloise Adelaide Letissier singer and musician 12 Thierry Lhermitte actor and comedian Sarah Maldoror filmmaker and activist Marcel Marceau actor and mime Frederic Mazzella entrepreneur 13 President Francois Mitterrand statesman Cecile Pelous philanthropist Catherine Picart biophysicist and bioengineer Francis Pollet general officer Madeleine Riffaud poet and war correspondent Teddy Riner World and Olympic champion judoka Jean Pierre Rives sculptor Jean Marc de La Sabliere diplomat Jose Alain Sahel ophthalmologist and scientist Sylvie Tellier television personality businesswoman and beauty pageant titleholder 14 Sylvie Vartan singer Cedric Villani mathematician Emmanuelle Wargon politician Claire Wyart neuroscientist chevalier Michele Bellon former President of the Directorate ERDF chevalier Sabine Aubert conductor 15 Foreign nationals Edit See also List of foreign recipients of the National Order of Merit Siti Hartinah First Lady of Indonesia Sudharmono Vice President of Indonesia Poniman Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Army Tyasno Sudarto Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Army Rudini Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Army Achmad Tahir Ambassador of the Republic of Indonesia to France Prabowo Subianto Commander of Army Strategic Reserve Command of Indonesia Andika Perkasa Commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces Hadi Tjahjanto Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning of Indonesia Ginandjar Kartasasmita Speaker of Indonesia Regional Representative Council Muhammad Noer Ambassador of the Republic of Indonesia to France Fadjar Prasetyo Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Air Force Queen Aishwarya of Nepal T K Ann industrialist legislator and sinologist Hong Kong Tina Arena musician and actress Australia Sir John Barbirolli conductor and cellist UK Lamia Moubayed Bissat Lebanese civil servant Beji Caid Essebsi President of Tunisia Jovanka Broz First Lady of Yugoslavia Empress Emerita Michiko of Japan Queen Camilla of the United Kingdom King Juan Carlos I of Spain Queen Sofia of Spain Queen Letizia of Spain Frederick Crown Prince of Denmark Mary Crown Princess of Denmark Charles Chibitty US Army Comanche Code Talker WW II US General Wesley Clark military officer US Martine Djibo educator and politician Ivory Coast Felix Ermacora politician and expert on human rights Austria Mizuho Fukushima politician and member of the House of Councillors Japan Sivaji Ganesan actor India King Gyanendra of Nepal Kamal Haasan actor India Bruce Jackson writer and photographer US Sasa Jankovic Serbian lawyer and politician General James L Jones USMC military officer and diplomat US Ameer Al Aidroos Ambassador of Yemen to France 2006 2008 Nasser Kamel Ambassador of Egypt to France 2006 2012 Queen Komal of Nepal Ara Babloyan politician pediatrician President of the National Assembly of Armenia Narek Sargsyan architect Minister of Urban Development of Armenia Vigen Sargsyan politician Defence Minister of Armenia Anu Lamp actress translator and instructor Estonia Romeo LeBlanc journalist and statesman Canada Vice Admiral Ron Lloyd CMM CD Commander of the Royal Canadian Navy Andreas Maislinger Founder Austrian Holocaust Memorial Service Queen Maxima of the Netherlands John McManners clergyman and historian UK Professor Mari Miura political scientist Sophia University Japan Villoo Morawala Patell corporate executive India Njoroge Mungai Cabinet Minister for Foreign Affairs and Businessman Kenya Professor Kathleen O Flaherty academic University College Cork Ireland Sigurdur Palsson Icelandic poet author and translator Priya Paul Entrepreneur India Goffredo Petrassi Italian Composer and Conductor Joseph W Pfeifer Director of the Center for Terrorism and Disaster Preparedness Fire Department of New York United States 16 General Jay Raymond Chief of Space Operations USSF amp Commander USSC US Michela Schiff Giorgini Italian Egyptologist Leopold Sedar Senghor poet politician and cultural theorist Senegal Mohammad Reza Shajarian Iranian Classical Music Vocalist and Maestro Admiral Sumner Shapiro USN intelligence officer Queen Sonja of Norway Queen Silvia of Sweden Dubravka Stojanovic historian Serbia Christel Takigawa Announcer of Japan Surya Bahadur Thapa Prime Minister of Nepal Marshal Josip Broz Tito statesman Yugoslavia Ignacio Fernandez Toxo President of ETUC Spain Princess Galyani Vadhana Princess of Naradhiwas Thailand Victoria Crown Princess of Sweden King Willem Alexander of the Netherlands General Anthony Zinni USMC military officer US General Mark A Milley US Army 20th Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff US John T Preston M I T lecturer Rohini Godbole Indian Institute of Science Honorary Professor Carolyn Steyn Philanthropist and founder of 67 Blankets for Nelson Mandela Day South Africa Julia Child Chef Major General Kelvin Khong Singapore Armed Forces Chief of Air Force Singapore Rear Admiral Aaron Beng Singapore Armed Forces Chief of Navy Singapore Tahsin Sarac poet and statesman Turkey James R Allen Us Air Force General nbsp Commandant Jacques Cousteau a Grand Croix of the Ordre national du Merite nbsp Actor director and writer Jacques Weber a Chevalier of the Ordre national du Merite nbsp US Navy Admiral Frank Bowman an Officier of the Ordre national du MeriteSee also EditList of Foreign recipients of the Ordre national du Merite Order decoration Ribbons of the French military and civil awards State decorationReferences EditCitations Edit Animation evangelist Biren Ghose awarded French National Order of Merit knighthood by President of France ANI News a b National orders and decorations France s national decorations The national system Grand Chancery of the Legion of Honor Retrieved 4 January 2022 a b c d Battini Jean Zaniewicki Witold 2003 Guide pratique des decorations francaises actuelles Paris LAVAUZELLE pp 37 48 ISBN 2 7025 1030 2 a b c The National Order of Merit La grande chancellerie Legiondhonneur fr Retrieved 2020 03 21 Decret n 74 1119 du 24 decembre 1974 MODIFIANT LE DECRET 631196 DU 03 12 1963 PORTANT CREATION D UN ORDRE NATIONAL DU MERITE Legifrance www legifrance gouv fr Commandeur de l ordre national du Merite in French Linternaute com October 2018 Retrieved 2020 03 21 a b c d Decret du 13 novembre 2009 portant elevation aux dignites de grand croix et de grand officier legifrance gouv fr in French Philippe Gurdjian 1945 2014 The Official F1 Website Retrieved 2020 11 30 Aline Heitaa Archier distinguee de l ordre national du merite in French Polynesie 1 11 September 2023 Retrieved 15 September 2023 Congratulations to Catherine Jeandel GEOTRACES June 29 2015 Retrieved 2021 09 11 943 personnes dans la nouvelle promotion civile de l ordre national du Merite 943 people in the new civil promotion of the National Order of Merit PDF La grande chancellerie in French Retrieved 14 January 2023 Decret du 24 novembre 2021 portant promotion et nomination dans l ordre national du Merite in French Retrieved 14 March 2023 Ce que la Legion d honneur signifie pour les licornes BFM BUSINESS Sylvie Tellier decoree de l Ordre National du Merite par Marlene Schiappa BFM TV in French 27 June 2023 Legifrance Chief Joseph Pfeifer awarded with the National Order of Merit by France on September 12th 2021 Consulate General of France in New York 2021 09 12 Archived from the original on 2022 01 27 Retrieved 2022 01 27 Sources Edit Nostradamus 9 August 2008 L Ordre national du Merite Les decorations Francaises in French Archived from the original on 24 July 2011 Retrieved 2009 02 06 Historique Naissance des ordres in French Association Nationale des Membres de l Ordre National du Merite 2009 Archived from the original on 2009 06 26 Retrieved 2009 02 06 External links Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ordre national du merite France Phaleristique in French Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ordre national du Merite amp oldid 1180044477, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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