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One Hundred and One Dalmatians

March 15, 2023

This article is about the 1961 animated film. For other uses, see 101 Dalmatians.

One Hundred and One Dalmatians (also simply known as 101 Dalmatians) is a 1961 American animated adventure comedy film produced by Walt Disney Productions and based on the 1956 novel The Hundred and One Dalmatians by Dodie Smith. The 17th Disney animated feature film, it was directed by Hamilton Luske, Clyde Geronimi and Wolfgang Reitherman and written by Bill Peet, and features the voices of Rod Taylor, Cate Bauer, Betty Lou Gerson, Ben Wright, Lisa Davis, and Martha Wentworth. The film's plot follows a litter of Dalmatian puppies who are kidnapped by the villainous Cruella de Vil ("deVille"),[3] who wants to make their fur into coats. Their parents, Pongo and Perdita, set out to save their puppies from Cruella, in the process of rescuing 84 additional ones that were bought in pet shops, bringing the total of Dalmatians to 101.

One Hundred and One Dalmatians
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Written byBill Peet
Based onThe Hundred and One Dalmatians
by Dodie Smith
Produced byWalt Disney
Starring
Edited by
  • Roy M. Brewer, Jr.
  • Donald Halliday
Music byGeorge Bruns
Production
company
Distributed byBuena Vista Distribution
Release date
  • January 25, 1961 (1961-01-25)
Running time
79 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$3.6 million[1]
Box office$303 million[2]

The film was originally released in theaters on January 25, 1961,[4] and was a box office success, pulling the studio out of the financial slump caused by Sleeping Beauty, a costlier production released two years prior,[5] and became the eighth-highest-grossing film of the year in the North American box office. Aside from its box-office revenue, the employment of inexpensive animation techniques—such as using xerography during the process of inking and painting traditional animation cels—kept production costs down. Disney later released a live-action remake titled 101 Dalmatians in 1996 and its sequel 102 Dalmatians in 2000. A direct-to-video animated sequel to the 1961 film titled 101 Dalmatians II: Patch's London Adventure was released in 2003. A live-action reboot titled Cruella directed by Craig Gillespie was released on May 28, 2021, in theaters and on Disney+ with Premier Access simultaneously.

Plot

Aspiring songwriter Roger Radcliffe lives in London, in a bachelor flat with his pet dalmatian, Pongo. Deciding both of them need a "mate", Pongo watches women and their dogs in the street. Noticing Anita and her Dalmatian Perdita, he drags Roger to the park to arrange a meeting. Roger and Anita fall in love, and soon marry, with Pongo and Perdita attending.

The pair hires a nanny and moves to a small townhouse near Regent's Park. After Perdita becomes pregnant with a litter of 15 puppies, Anita's fur-obsessed former schoolmate, Cruella de Vil, arrives and demands to know when the puppies will arrive. Roger responds by writing a jazzy song mocking her. When the puppies are born, Cruella returns, demanding to buy them. Roger firmly denies her request; Cruella swears revenge, and storms out.

A few months later, Cruella hires brothers Horace and Jasper Baddun, two burglars, to steal the puppies. When Scotland Yard is unable to find the puppies, Pongo and Perdita use the "Twilight Bark", a canine gossip line, to solicit help from the other dogs in London.

Colonel, an old English sheepdog, along with his compatriot Sergeant Tibbs, a tabby cat, investigate the nearby "Old De Vil Place", where puppies had been heard barking two nights earlier. Tibbs learns they are going to be made into dog-skin fur coats, after which Colonel sends word back to London. Pongo and Perdita leave through a back window and begin a long cross-country journey, crossing an icy river and running through the snow towards Suffolk.

Meanwhile, Tibbs overhears Cruella ordering the Baddun brothers to kill the puppies that night out of fear the police will soon find them. In response, Tibbs helps the puppies escape through a hole in the wall, but the Baddun brothers notice and give chase. Pongo and Perdita break into the house and confront the Badun brothers just as they are about to kill the puppies. While the adult dogs attack the two men, Colonel and Tibbs guide the puppies from the house. After a happy reunion with their own puppies, Pongo and Perdita discover there are 84 more puppies with them. Shocked at Cruella's plans, they decide to adopt all of them, certain that Roger and Anita would never reject them.

The Dalmatians start their homeward trek, pursued by the Baddun brothers. They take shelter from a blizzard in a dairy farm with a friendly collie and three cows, then make their way to Dinsford, where they meet a Black Labrador waiting for them in a blacksmith's shop. Cruella and the Baddun brothers arrive, prompting Pongo to have his entire family roll in a sooty fireplace to disguise themselves as other Labradors. The Labrador helps them board a moving van bound for London, but melting snow falls on Lucky and clears the soot off of him. Enraged, Cruella pursues the van in her car and rams it, but the Baduns, who try to cut it off from above, end up colliding with her. Both vehicles crash into a ditch. Cruella yells in frustration at the pair as the van drives off.

In London, a depressed Nanny and the Radcliffes try to enjoy Christmas, and the wealth they have acquired from the song about Cruella, which has become a big radio hit. The soot-covered Dalmatians suddenly flood the house. Upon removing the soot and counting the massive family of dogs, Roger chooses to use his songwriting royalties to buy a big house in the country so they can keep all 101 dalmatians.

Cast

  • Rod Taylor as Pongo, Roger's pet, Perdita's mate, and the father of 15, and adopted father of the eighty-four orphaned puppies.
  • Lisa Daniels and Cate Bauer as Perdita, Anita's pet, Pongo's mate, and the mother of 15 and adopted mother of 84 orphaned puppies. She is an amalgamation of the characters "Perdita" and "Missis" from the original novel.
  • Betty Lou Gerson as Cruella de Vil, a spoiled heiress who "worships fur" and hates being denied or disobeyed. She drives a burgundy car similar to a Mercedes-Benz 500K Cabriolet.
    • Gerson also voiced Miss Birdwell, a panelist on the show "What's My Crime?".
    • Mary Wickes served as Cruella's live-action model.
  • Ben Wright as Roger Radcliffe, Pongo's owner and Anita's husband. He works as a songwriter and later creates a hit song about Cruella de Vil, whom he dislikes and does not trust.
    • Bill Lee provided Roger's singing voice.
  • Lisa Davis as Anita Radcliffe, Perdita's owner and Roger's wife. She is, like Perdita, a gentle person. She feels inclined to give Cruella the benefit of the doubt, as they went to school together.
  • Frederick Worlock as Horace Baddun, one of the Baddun brothers. Despite being less intelligent than his brother, he somehow figures out all the dogs' plots, but completely cowed by Jasper's overwhelming personality. He loves "What's My Crime?", a spoof of the then-popular TV gameshow What's My Line?.
    • Worlock also voiced Inspector Graves, a panelist on the show "What's My Crime?".
  • J. Pat O'Malley as Jasper Baddun, one of the Baddun brothers. He is a fast talker and aggressive bully who completely disregards the possibility of intelligence in dogs. He also loves "What's My Crime?" and drives a brown van with loose/broken fenders.
    • O'Malley also voiced the Colonel, an Old English Sheepdog who is part of the Twilight Bark. He, Tibbs, and Captain allow the Dalmatian family to stay in their barn one night and attack the Badduns to buy Pongo and Perdy time to escape.
  • Martha Wentworth as Nanny, the Radcliffes' elderly cook and housekeeper. She is very maternal and fussy, detests Cruella, and is very attached to the puppies.
    • Wentworth also voiced Queenie, one of three cows who allow the puppies to stay in their barn and drink their milk.
    • Wentworth voiced Lucy the White Goose as well. Lucy is a friend of Old Towser.
  • Thurl Ravenscroft as Captain, a gray horse who aids Pongo, Perdy, Sergeant Tibbs and Colonel.
  • David Frankham as Sergeant Tibbs, a tabby cat who is the first to discover the puppies' whereabouts and masterminds their escape from the Old de Vil Place.
  • Mimi Gibson as Lucky, one of Pongo and Perdita's litter, who has a horseshoe of spots on his back. He loves watching TV and struggles the most on the journey home.
  • Barbara Beaird as Rolly, a puppy who is always hungry and is shown as pudgier than the rest of the puppies. He even risks stealing food from Horace and is usually in some trouble.
  • Mickey Maga as Patch, a puppy who loves Thunderbolt and has a spot on his eye. Patch is often seen barking and growling at threats. He is the main character of 101 Dalmatians II: Patch's London Adventure.
  • Sandra Abbott as Penny.
  • Tudor Owen as Old Towser, a bloodhound who helps spread the news about the stolen puppies.
  • George Pelling as Danny, a Great Dane who aids Pongo and Perdita and is one of the first dogs to answer Pongo's Twilight Bark message.
  • Junius Matthews as Scottie, Danny's terrier friend.
  • Queenie Leonard as Princess, one of the three cows who help the puppies.
  • Marjorie Bennett as Duchess, one of the three cows who help the puppies.
  • Barbara Luddy as Rover, one of the 84 Dalmatian puppies that Cruella bought.
  • Rickie Sorensen as Spotty, one of the 84 Dalmatian puppies that Cruella bought.
  • Tom Conway as the Collie, who offers the Dalmatians shelter for the night at a dairy farm.
    • Conway also voiced the Quizmaster, the host of "What's My Crime?".
  • Ramsay Hill as the Labrador Retriever in Dinsford, who helps load the puppies into the moving van.
  • Paul Wexler as the Mechanic who fixes the van.
  • Basil Ruysdael as the driver of the moving van.
  • Paul Frees as Dirty Dawson, the villain in the "Thunderbolt" TV show. Frees has no spoken dialogue in the film, only laughter.
  • Lucille Bliss as TV Commercial Singer, who sings the "Kanine Krunchies" jingle.

Production

Story development

Dodie Smith wrote the book The Hundred and One Dalmatians in 1956. When Walt Disney read it in 1957, it immediately grabbed his attention, and he promptly obtained the rights. Smith had always secretly hoped that Disney would make it into a film.[6] Disney assigned Bill Peet to write the story, which he did, marking the first time that the story for a Disney animated film was written by a single person.[7] Writing in his autobiography, Peet was tasked by Disney to write a detailed screenplay first before storyboarding. Because Peet never learned to use a typewriter, he wrote the initial draft by hand on legal paper.[8]

He condensed elements of the original book while enlarging others, some of which included eliminating Cruella's husband and cat, as well merging the two mother Dalmatians, birth mother Missis and adopted mother Perdita, into one character.[9] Another notable character loss was Cadpig, the female runt of Pongo and Missis' puppies, whose traits were transferred between Lucky and the newly established Penny in the film (although it is never indicated outright that Cadpig was dropped); the Colonel's cat assistant was re-gendered from being a female by the name of Lieutenant Willow in the book, and Horace Baddun was renamed from Saul to presumably make him sound more akin in tone to Jasper. Bill Peet did retain a scene in which Pongo and Perdita exchange wedding vows in unison with their owners, by which the censor board warned that it might offend certain religious audiences if the animals repeated the exact words of a solemn religious ceremony. The scene was reworked to be less religious with Roger and Anita dressed in formal clothes.[10]

Two months later, Peet completed the manuscript and had it typed up. Walt said the script was "great stuff" and commissioned Peet to begin storyboarding. Additionally, Peet was charged with recording the voice-over process.[8] Although Disney had not been as involved in the production of the animated films as frequently as in previous years nevertheless, he was always present at story meetings.[11] When Peet sent Dodie Smith some drawings of the characters, she wrote back saying that he had improved her story and that the designs looked better than the illustrations in the book.[6]

Animation

Art direction

After Sleeping Beauty (1959) disappointed at the box-office, there was some talk of closing down the animation department at the Disney studio.[11] During the production of it, Disney told animator Eric Larson: "I don't think we can continue; it's too expensive."[9] Despite this, he still had deep feelings towards animation because he had built the company upon it.[11]

Ub Iwerks, in charge of special processes at the studio, had been experimenting with Xerox photography to aid in animation. By 1959, he had modified a Xerox camera to transfer drawings by animators directly to animation cels, eliminating the inking process, thus saving time and money while preserving the spontaneity of the penciled elements.[12][7] However, because of its limitations, the camera was unable to deviate from a black scratchy outline and lacked the fine lavish quality of hand inking.[12] Disney would first use the Xerox process for a thorn forest in Sleeping Beauty,[9] and the first production to make full use of the process was Goliath II.[12] For One Hundred and One Dalmatians, one of the benefits of the process was that it was a great help towards animating the spotted dogs. According to Chuck Jones, Disney was able to complete the film for about half of what it would have cost if they had had to animate all the dogs and spots.[13]

Ken Anderson proposed the use of the Xerox on Dalmatians to Walt, who was disenchanted with animation by then, and replied "Ah, yeah, yeah, you can fool around all you want to".[14] For the stylized art direction, Anderson took inspiration from British cartoonist Ronald Searle,[15] who once advised him to use a Mont Blanc pen and India ink for his artwork. In addition to the character animation, Anderson also sought to use Xerography on "the background painting because I was going to apply the same technique to the whole picture."[14] Along with color stylist Walt Peregoy, the two had the line drawings be printed on a separate animation cel before being laid over the background, which gave the appearance similar to the Xeroxed animation.[11][16] Disney disliked the artistic look of the film and felt he was losing the "fantasy" element of his animated films.[11] In a meeting with Anderson and the animation staff concerning future films, Walt said, "We're never gonna have one of those goddamned things" referring to Dalmatians and its technique, and stated, "Ken's never going to be an art director again."[14]

Ken Anderson took this to heart, but Walt eventually forgave him on his final trip to the studio in late 1966. As Anderson recalled in an interview:

He looked very sick. I said, "Gee, it's great to see you, Walt," and he said, "You know that thing you did on Dalmatians." He didn't say anything else, but he just gave me this look, and I knew that all was forgiven and in his opinion, maybe what I did on Dalmatians wasn't so bad. That was the last time I ever saw him. Then, a few weeks later, I learned he was gone.[11]

Live-action reference

As with the previous Disney films, actors provided live-action reference in order to determine what would work before the animation process begun. Actress Helene Stanley performed the live-action reference for the character of Anita. She did the same work for the characters of Cinderella and Princess Aurora in Sleeping Beauty.[17] Meanwhile, Mary Wickes provided the live-action reference for Cruella de Vil.[18]

Character animation

Marc Davis was the sole animator on Cruella De Vil. During production, Davis claimed her character was partly inspired by Bette Davis (no relation), Rosalind Russell, and Tallulah Bankhead. He took further influence from her voice actress, Betty Lou Gerson, whose cheekbones he added to the character. He later complimented, "[t]hat [her] voice was the greatest thing I've ever had a chance to work with. A voice like Betty Lou's gives you something to do. You get a performance going there, and if you don't take advantage of it, you're off your rocker".[19] While her hair coloring originated from the illustrations in the novel, Davis found its disheveled style by looking "through old magazines for hairdos from 1940 till now". Her coat was exaggerated to match her oversized personality, and the lining was red because "there's a devil image involved".[20]

Casting

Before starring in high-profile roles such as The Birds and The Time Machine, Australian actor Rod Taylor had extensive radio experience and then was cast as Pongo. The filmmakers deliberately cast dogs with deeper voices than their human owners, so they had more power.[21] Walt Disney originally had Lisa Davis read for the role of Cruella De Vil, but she did not think that she was right for the part, and wanted to try reading the role of Anita. Disney agreed with her after the two of them read the script for a second time.[22]

Betty Lou Gerson, who was previously the narrator for Cinderella, auditioned for the role of Cruella De Vil in front of Marc Davis and sequence director Wolfgang Reitherman, and landed it.[23] While searching for the right accent of the character, Gerson landed on a "phony theatrical voice, someone who's set sail from New York but hasn't quite reached England".[24] During the recording process, she was thought to be imitating Tallulah Bankhead. However, Gerson disputed, "Well, I didn't intentionally imitate her...I was raised in Birmingham, Ala., and Tallulah was from Jasper, Ala. We both had phony English accents on top of our Southern accents and a great deal of flair. So our voices came out that way".[25] In addition to voicing Mrs. Birdwell, Gerson finished recording in fourteen days.[23]

Music

Main article: One Hundred and One Dalmatians (soundtrack)

To have music involved in the narrative, Peet used an old theater trick by which the protagonist is a down-and-out songwriter. However, unlike the previous animated Disney films at the time, the songs were not composed by a team, but by Mel Leven who composed both lyrics and music.[10] Previously, Leven had composed songs for the UPA animation studio in which animators, who transferred to work at Disney, had recommended him to Walt.[26] His first assignment was to compose "Cruella de Vil," of which Leven composed three versions. The final version used in the film was composed as a "bluesy number" before a meeting with Walt in forty-five minutes.[10]

The other two songs included in the film are "Kanine Krunchies Jingle" (sung by Lucille Bliss, who voiced Anastasia Tremaine in Disney's 1950 film Cinderella), and "Dalmatian Plantation" in which Roger sings only two lines at its closure. Leven had also written additional songs that were not included in the film. The first song, "Don't Buy a Parrot from a Sailor," a cockney chant, was meant to be sung by Jasper and Horace at the De Vil Mansion. A second song, "Cheerio, Good-Bye, Toodle-oo, Hip Hip!" was to be sung by the dalmatian puppies as they make their way into London.[10] A third song titled "March of the One Hundred and One" was meant for the dogs to sing after escaping Cruella by van. Different, longer versions of "Kanine Krunchies Jingle" and "Dalmatian Plantation" appear on the Disneyland Records read-along album based on the film.[27]

The Sherman Brothers wrote a title song, "One Hundred and One Dalmatians", but it was not used in the film.[28] The song has been released on other Disney recordings, however.[27][29]

Release

One Hundred and One Dalmatians was first released in theaters on January 25, 1961. The film was re-released theatrically in 1969, 1979, 1985, and 1991.[30] The 1991 reissue was the 20th highest-grossing film of the year for domestic earnings.[31]

Home media

One Hundred and One Dalmatians was first released on VHS on April 10, 1992, as part of the Walt Disney Classics video series.[32] By June 1992, it had sold 11.1 million copies.[33] At the time, it was the sixth best-selling video of all time.[34] It was re-released on March 9, 1999, as part of the Walt Disney Masterpiece Collection video series. Due to technical issues, it was later released on LaserDisc and was delayed numerous times before its release on DVD. The film was re-released on VHS, and for the first time on DVD, in December 1999, as a Walt Disney Limited Issue for a limited 60-day time period before going into moratorium.[35] A two-disc Platinum Edition DVD was released on March 4, 2008. It was released on Blu-ray Disc in the United Kingdom on September 3, 2012.[36] A Diamond Edition Blu-ray of the film was released in North America on February 10, 2015. A Limited Edition from Disney Movie Club was released on Blu-ray and DVD combo on November 6, 2018. Then it was re-released on HD digital download and Blu-ray on September 24, 2019, as part of the Walt Disney Signature Collection.[37]

Reception

Box office

During its initial theatrical run, the film grossed $14 million in the United States and Canada,[38] which generated $6.2 million in distributor rentals.[39] It was also the most popular film of the year in France, with admissions of 14.7 million ranking tenth on their all-time list.[40][41]

The film was re-released in 1969, where it earned $15 million. In its 1979 theatrical re-release, it grossed $19 million, and in 1985, the film grossed $32 million.[38] During its fourth re-release in 1991, it grossed $60.8 million.[42]

Prior to 1995, the film had grossed $86 million overseas.[43] In 1995, it grossed $71 million overseas[44] bringing its international total to $157 million. The film's total domestic lifetime gross is $145 million,[34] and its total worldwide gross is $303 million.[2] Adjusted for inflation, and incorporating subsequent releases, the film has a lifetime gross of $900.3 million.[45]

Critical reaction

In its initial release, the film received acclaim from critics, many of whom hailed it as the studio's best release since Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) and the closest to a real "Disney" film in many years.[46] Howard Thompson of The New York Times wrote, "While the story moves steadily toward a stark, melodramatic "chase" climax, it remains enclosed in a typical Disney frame of warm family love, human and canine". However, he later opined that the "[s]ongs are scarce, too. A few more would have braced the final starkness".[47] Variety claimed that "While not as indelibly enchanting or inspired as some of the studio's most unforgettable animated endeavors, this is nonetheless a painstaking creative effort".[48] Time praised the film as "the wittiest, most charming, least pretentious cartoon feature Walt Disney has ever made".[49] Harrison's Reports felt all children and adults will be "highly entertained by Walt Disney's latest, a semi-sophisticated, laugh-provoking, all cartoon, feature-lengther in Technicolor."[50] Dodie Smith also enjoyed the film where she particularly praised the animation and backgrounds of the film.[6]

Contemporary reviews have remained positive. Reviewing the film during its 1991 re-release, Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times, while giving the film three stars out of four, asserted that "it's an uneven film, with moments of inspiration in a fairly conventional tale of kidnapping and rescue. This is not one of the great Disney classics - it's not in the same league with Snow White or Pinocchio - but it's passable fun, and will entertain its target family audiences."[51] Chicago Tribune film critic Gene Siskel, in his 1991 review, also gave the film three stars out of four.[52] Ralph Novak of People wrote "What it lacks in romantic extravagance and plush spectacle, this 1961 Disney film makes up for in quiet charm and subtlety. In fact, if any movie with dogs, cats, and horses who talk can be said to belong in the realm of realistic drama, this is it".[53] However, the film did receive a few negative reviews. In 2011, Craig Berman of MSNBC ranked it and its 1996 remake as two of the worst children's films of all time, saying that, "The plot itself is a bit nutty. Making a coat out of dogs? Who does that? But worse than Cruella de Vil's fashion sense is the fact that your children will definitely start asking for a Dalmatian of their own for their next birthday".[54]

The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported the film received an approval rating of 98% based on 52 reviews with an average score of 8.2/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "With plenty of pooches and a memorable villain (Cruella De Vil), this is one of Disney's most enduring, entertaining animated films."[55]

Cruella de Vil ranked 39th on AFI's list of "100 Years...100 Heroes and Villains".[56]

Legacy

Main article: 101 Dalmatians (franchise)

Live-action remake and its sequel

Since the original release of the film, Disney has taken the property in various directions. The earliest of these endeavors was the 1996 live-action remake, 101 Dalmatians, which starred Glenn Close as Cruella De Vil. Unlike the original film, none of the animals had speaking voices in this version. Its success in theaters led to 102 Dalmatians, released on November 22, 2000.

TV series

After the first live-action version of the film, an animated series titled 101 Dalmatians: The Series was launched. The characters' designs were stylized further to allow for economic animation and to appeal to contemporary trends.

101 Dalmatian Street is the second TV series with a plot in the 21st century, with a new art style and a concept loosely based on the source material. Set 60 years after the original animated film, the show focuses on Dylan and Dolly, (who are both descendants of Pongo and Perdita) caring for their 97 younger siblings who all live without a human in Camden Town.

Sequel

101 Dalmatians II: Patch's London Adventure, the official sequel to the original animated film, was released direct-to-video on January 21, 2003.[57]

Live-action reboot

Main article: Cruella (film)

In 2021, Disney released another live-action film that focuses on the origin of Cruella de Vil.[58] Emma Stone plays Cruella and Alex Timbers was in negotiations to direct the film,[59][60] but he left directing duties for Cruella due to scheduling conflicts and was replaced by the I, Tonya director Craig Gillespie in December 2018.[61] Emma Thompson portrays Baroness von Hellman,[62] while Paul Walter Hauser joined the project,[63] revealed to be as Horace, with Joel Fry cast as Jasper.[64] The film was originally scheduled to be released on December 23, 2020,[61][65] but was delayed to May 28, 2021.[66][67]

See also

Notes

References

  1. ^ Thomas, Bob (April 22, 1994). Walt Disney: An American Original (2nd ed.). Disney Editions. p. 295. ISBN 978-0786860272.
  2. ^ a b D'Alessandro, Anthony (October 27, 2003). "Cartoon Coffers - Top-Grossing Disney Animated Features at the Worldwide B.O.". Variety. p. 6.
  3. ^ Disney-produced 1961 advertising used the "deVille" spelling."101 Dalmatians" (Orpheum Theater advertisement). Madison (WI) Capital Times, 7 April 1961.
  4. ^ Gebert, Michael (1996). The Encyclopedia of Movie Awards. St. Martin's Paperbacks. ISBN 0-668-05308-9.[page needed]
  5. ^ King, Susan (January 31, 2015). "'101 Dalmatians' was just the hit a flagging Disney needed". Los Angeles Times. from the original on February 3, 2015. Retrieved February 5, 2015.
  6. ^ a b c Sincerely Yours, Walt Disney (DVD) (Bonus feature). Burbank, California: Walt Disney Home Entertainment. 2008. from the original on 2020-02-15. Retrieved 2020-01-01 – via YouTube.
  7. ^ a b Thomas, Bob (1997). "Chapter 7: The Postwar Films". Disney's Art of Animation: From Mickey Mouse to Hercules. p. 106.
  8. ^ a b Peet, Bill (1989). Bill Peet: An Autobiography. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. pp. 163–66. ISBN 978-0395689820.
  9. ^ a b c Barrier, Michael (April 8, 1999). Hollywood Cartoons: American Animation in Its Golden Age. Oxford University Press. pp. 566–7. ISBN 978-0-19-802079-0.
  10. ^ a b c d Koenig, David (1997). Mouse Under Glass: Secrets of Disney Animation & Theme Parks. Bonaventure Press. pp. 116–8. ISBN 978-0964060517.
  11. ^ a b c d e f Redefining the Line: The Making of One Hundred and One Dalmatians (DVD) (Bonus feature). Burbank, California: Walt Disney Home Entertainment. 2008. from the original on 2019-12-23. Retrieved 2020-01-01 – via YouTube.
  12. ^ a b c Finch, Christopher (1973). "Chapter 10: Limited Animation". The Art of Walt Disney: From Mickey Mouse to the Magic Kingdom (1st ed.). Harry N. Abrams. p. 303. ISBN 978-0810990074.
  13. ^ "An Interview with Chuck Jones". Michaelbarrier.com. from the original on February 7, 2014. Retrieved April 13, 2014.
  14. ^ a b c Canemaker, John (1996). Before the Animation Begins: The Art and Lives of Disney Inspirational Sketch Artists. Hyperion Books. pp. 177–8. ISBN 978-0786861521.
  15. ^ Norman, Floyd (2013). Animated Life: A Lifetime of tips, tricks, techniques and stories from a Disney Legend. Routledge. ISBN 978-0240818054. Retrieved March 23, 2016.
  16. ^ Amidi, Amid (January 17, 2015). "Walt Peregoy, '101 Dalmatians' Color Stylist, RIP". Cartoon Brew. from the original on March 22, 2016. Retrieved March 23, 2016.
  17. ^ . Disney Archives. Archived from the original on August 3, 2003.
  18. ^ Thomas, Frank; Johnston, Ollie (1981). The Illusion of Life: Disney Animation. Abbeville Press. p. 320. ISBN 978-0786860708.
  19. ^ Maupin, Elizabeth (July 24, 1991). "Return Of The Dalmatians". Chicago Tribune. from the original on September 17, 2017. Retrieved September 16, 2017.
  20. ^ Canemaker, John (2001). Walt Disney's Nine Old Men and the Art of Animation. Disney Editions. p. 284. ISBN 978-0786864966.
  21. ^ Vagg, Stephen (2010). Rod Taylor: An Aussie in Hollywood. Bear Manor Media. p. 77. ISBN 978-1593935115.
  22. ^ Braun, Amy (March 4, 2008). "UltimateDisney.com's Interview with Lisa Davis, the voice and model for 101 Dalmatians' Anita Radcliff". DVDizzy. from the original on September 15, 2018. Retrieved April 5, 2014.
  23. ^ a b Rhetts, Joanne (December 26, 1985). "'101 Dalmatians': A Classic On All Counts Evil-hearted Cruella The First Name In Nasty". Orlando Sentinel. from the original on September 17, 2017. Retrieved September 16, 2017.
  24. ^ Birnhaum, Jane (August 23, 1991). "Cruella De Vil's voice". Entertainment Weekly. from the original on September 17, 2017. Retrieved September 16, 2017.
  25. ^ King, Susan (July 20, 1991). "Betty Lou Gerson's Phony Accent Was a Natural for Cruella De Vil". Los Angeles Times. from the original on December 27, 2016. Retrieved September 16, 2017.
  26. ^ William Leven (March 3, 2008). "Dalmatians 101: "Spot"-light on songwriter Mel Leven" (Interview). Interviewed by Jérémie Noyer. Animated Views. from the original on May 22, 2018. Retrieved May 21, 2018.
  27. ^ a b Ehrbar, Greg (February 10, 2015). "101 Dalmatians on Records". Cartoon Research. from the original on September 17, 2017. Retrieved July 4, 2017.
  28. ^ Noyer, Jérémie (February 4, 2008). "Scales and Arpeggios: Richard M. Sherman and the "mewsic" of The AristoCats !". Animated Views. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  29. ^ Ehrbar, Greg (June 8, 2021). "Walt Disney's "101 Dalmatians" Long-Awaited Soundtrack Album". Cartoon Research. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
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March 15, 2023
hundred, dalmatians, this, article, about, 1961, animated, film, other, uses, dalmatians, also, simply, known, dalmatians, 1961, american, animated, adventure, comedy, film, produced, walt, disney, productions, based, 1956, novel, hundred, dalmatians, dodie, s. This article is about the 1961 animated film For other uses see 101 Dalmatians One Hundred and One Dalmatians also simply known as 101 Dalmatians is a 1961 American animated adventure comedy film produced by Walt Disney Productions and based on the 1956 novel The Hundred and One Dalmatians by Dodie Smith The 17th Disney animated feature film it was directed by Hamilton Luske Clyde Geronimi and Wolfgang Reitherman and written by Bill Peet and features the voices of Rod Taylor Cate Bauer Betty Lou Gerson Ben Wright Lisa Davis and Martha Wentworth The film s plot follows a litter of Dalmatian puppies who are kidnapped by the villainous Cruella de Vil deVille 3 who wants to make their fur into coats Their parents Pongo and Perdita set out to save their puppies from Cruella in the process of rescuing 84 additional ones that were bought in pet shops bringing the total of Dalmatians to 101 One Hundred and One DalmatiansTheatrical release posterDirected byWolfgang Reitherman Clyde Geronimi Hamilton LuskeWritten byBill PeetBased onThe Hundred and One Dalmatiansby Dodie SmithProduced byWalt DisneyStarringRod Taylor Cate Bauer Betty Lou Gerson Ben Wright Bill Lee singing voice Lisa Davis Martha WentworthEdited byRoy M Brewer Jr Donald HallidayMusic byGeorge BrunsProductioncompanyWalt Disney ProductionsDistributed byBuena Vista DistributionRelease dateJanuary 25 1961 1961 01 25 Running time79 minutesCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishBudget 3 6 million 1 Box office 303 million 2 The film was originally released in theaters on January 25 1961 4 and was a box office success pulling the studio out of the financial slump caused by Sleeping Beauty a costlier production released two years prior 5 and became the eighth highest grossing film of the year in the North American box office Aside from its box office revenue the employment of inexpensive animation techniques such as using xerography during the process of inking and painting traditional animation cels kept production costs down Disney later released a live action remake titled 101 Dalmatians in 1996 and its sequel 102 Dalmatians in 2000 A direct to video animated sequel to the 1961 film titled 101 Dalmatians II Patch s London Adventure was released in 2003 A live action reboot titled Cruella directed by Craig Gillespie was released on May 28 2021 in theaters and on Disney with Premier Access simultaneously Contents 1 Plot 2 Cast 3 Production 3 1 Story development 3 2 Animation 3 2 1 Art direction 3 2 2 Live action reference 3 2 3 Character animation 3 3 Casting 3 4 Music 4 Release 4 1 Home media 5 Reception 5 1 Box office 5 2 Critical reaction 5 3 Legacy 5 3 1 Live action remake and its sequel 5 3 2 TV series 5 3 3 Sequel 5 3 4 Live action reboot 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 9 External linksPlot EditAspiring songwriter Roger Radcliffe lives in London in a bachelor flat with his pet dalmatian Pongo Deciding both of them need a mate Pongo watches women and their dogs in the street Noticing Anita and her Dalmatian Perdita he drags Roger to the park to arrange a meeting Roger and Anita fall in love and soon marry with Pongo and Perdita attending The pair hires a nanny and moves to a small townhouse near Regent s Park After Perdita becomes pregnant with a litter of 15 puppies Anita s fur obsessed former schoolmate Cruella de Vil arrives and demands to know when the puppies will arrive Roger responds by writing a jazzy song mocking her When the puppies are born Cruella returns demanding to buy them Roger firmly denies her request Cruella swears revenge and storms out A few months later Cruella hires brothers Horace and Jasper Baddun two burglars to steal the puppies When Scotland Yard is unable to find the puppies Pongo and Perdita use the Twilight Bark a canine gossip line to solicit help from the other dogs in London Colonel an old English sheepdog along with his compatriot Sergeant Tibbs a tabby cat investigate the nearby Old De Vil Place where puppies had been heard barking two nights earlier Tibbs learns they are going to be made into dog skin fur coats after which Colonel sends word back to London Pongo and Perdita leave through a back window and begin a long cross country journey crossing an icy river and running through the snow towards Suffolk Meanwhile Tibbs overhears Cruella ordering the Baddun brothers to kill the puppies that night out of fear the police will soon find them In response Tibbs helps the puppies escape through a hole in the wall but the Baddun brothers notice and give chase Pongo and Perdita break into the house and confront the Badun brothers just as they are about to kill the puppies While the adult dogs attack the two men Colonel and Tibbs guide the puppies from the house After a happy reunion with their own puppies Pongo and Perdita discover there are 84 more puppies with them Shocked at Cruella s plans they decide to adopt all of them certain that Roger and Anita would never reject them The Dalmatians start their homeward trek pursued by the Baddun brothers They take shelter from a blizzard in a dairy farm with a friendly collie and three cows then make their way to Dinsford where they meet a Black Labrador waiting for them in a blacksmith s shop Cruella and the Baddun brothers arrive prompting Pongo to have his entire family roll in a sooty fireplace to disguise themselves as other Labradors The Labrador helps them board a moving van bound for London but melting snow falls on Lucky and clears the soot off of him Enraged Cruella pursues the van in her car and rams it but the Baduns who try to cut it off from above end up colliding with her Both vehicles crash into a ditch Cruella yells in frustration at the pair as the van drives off In London a depressed Nanny and the Radcliffes try to enjoy Christmas and the wealth they have acquired from the song about Cruella which has become a big radio hit The soot covered Dalmatians suddenly flood the house Upon removing the soot and counting the massive family of dogs Roger chooses to use his songwriting royalties to buy a big house in the country so they can keep all 101 dalmatians Cast EditRod Taylor as Pongo Roger s pet Perdita s mate and the father of 15 and adopted father of the eighty four orphaned puppies Lisa Daniels and Cate Bauer as Perdita Anita s pet Pongo s mate and the mother of 15 and adopted mother of 84 orphaned puppies She is an amalgamation of the characters Perdita and Missis from the original novel Betty Lou Gerson as Cruella de Vil a spoiled heiress who worships fur and hates being denied or disobeyed She drives a burgundy car similar to a Mercedes Benz 500K Cabriolet Gerson also voiced Miss Birdwell a panelist on the show What s My Crime Mary Wickes served as Cruella s live action model Ben Wright as Roger Radcliffe Pongo s owner and Anita s husband He works as a songwriter and later creates a hit song about Cruella de Vil whom he dislikes and does not trust Bill Lee provided Roger s singing voice Lisa Davis as Anita Radcliffe Perdita s owner and Roger s wife She is like Perdita a gentle person She feels inclined to give Cruella the benefit of the doubt as they went to school together Helene Stanley served as Anita s live action model Frederick Worlock as Horace Baddun one of the Baddun brothers Despite being less intelligent than his brother he somehow figures out all the dogs plots but completely cowed by Jasper s overwhelming personality He loves What s My Crime a spoof of the then popular TV gameshow What s My Line Worlock also voiced Inspector Graves a panelist on the show What s My Crime J Pat O Malley as Jasper Baddun one of the Baddun brothers He is a fast talker and aggressive bully who completely disregards the possibility of intelligence in dogs He also loves What s My Crime and drives a brown van with loose broken fenders O Malley also voiced the Colonel an Old English Sheepdog who is part of the Twilight Bark He Tibbs and Captain allow the Dalmatian family to stay in their barn one night and attack the Badduns to buy Pongo and Perdy time to escape Martha Wentworth as Nanny the Radcliffes elderly cook and housekeeper She is very maternal and fussy detests Cruella and is very attached to the puppies Wentworth also voiced Queenie one of three cows who allow the puppies to stay in their barn and drink their milk Wentworth voiced Lucy the White Goose as well Lucy is a friend of Old Towser Thurl Ravenscroft as Captain a gray horse who aids Pongo Perdy Sergeant Tibbs and Colonel David Frankham as Sergeant Tibbs a tabby cat who is the first to discover the puppies whereabouts and masterminds their escape from the Old de Vil Place Mimi Gibson as Lucky one of Pongo and Perdita s litter who has a horseshoe of spots on his back He loves watching TV and struggles the most on the journey home Barbara Beaird as Rolly a puppy who is always hungry and is shown as pudgier than the rest of the puppies He even risks stealing food from Horace and is usually in some trouble Mickey Maga as Patch a puppy who loves Thunderbolt and has a spot on his eye Patch is often seen barking and growling at threats He is the main character of 101 Dalmatians II Patch s London Adventure Sandra Abbott as Penny Tudor Owen as Old Towser a bloodhound who helps spread the news about the stolen puppies George Pelling as Danny a Great Dane who aids Pongo and Perdita and is one of the first dogs to answer Pongo s Twilight Bark message Junius Matthews as Scottie Danny s terrier friend Queenie Leonard as Princess one of the three cows who help the puppies Marjorie Bennett as Duchess one of the three cows who help the puppies Barbara Luddy as Rover one of the 84 Dalmatian puppies that Cruella bought Rickie Sorensen as Spotty one of the 84 Dalmatian puppies that Cruella bought Tom Conway as the Collie who offers the Dalmatians shelter for the night at a dairy farm Conway also voiced the Quizmaster the host of What s My Crime Ramsay Hill as the Labrador Retriever in Dinsford who helps load the puppies into the moving van Paul Wexler as the Mechanic who fixes the van Basil Ruysdael as the driver of the moving van Paul Frees as Dirty Dawson the villain in the Thunderbolt TV show Frees has no spoken dialogue in the film only laughter Lucille Bliss as TV Commercial Singer who sings the Kanine Krunchies jingle Production EditStory development Edit Dodie Smith wrote the book The Hundred and One Dalmatians in 1956 When Walt Disney read it in 1957 it immediately grabbed his attention and he promptly obtained the rights Smith had always secretly hoped that Disney would make it into a film 6 Disney assigned Bill Peet to write the story which he did marking the first time that the story for a Disney animated film was written by a single person 7 Writing in his autobiography Peet was tasked by Disney to write a detailed screenplay first before storyboarding Because Peet never learned to use a typewriter he wrote the initial draft by hand on legal paper 8 He condensed elements of the original book while enlarging others some of which included eliminating Cruella s husband and cat as well merging the two mother Dalmatians birth mother Missis and adopted mother Perdita into one character 9 Another notable character loss was Cadpig the female runt of Pongo and Missis puppies whose traits were transferred between Lucky and the newly established Penny in the film although it is never indicated outright that Cadpig was dropped the Colonel s cat assistant was re gendered from being a female by the name of Lieutenant Willow in the book and Horace Baddun was renamed from Saul to presumably make him sound more akin in tone to Jasper Bill Peet did retain a scene in which Pongo and Perdita exchange wedding vows in unison with their owners by which the censor board warned that it might offend certain religious audiences if the animals repeated the exact words of a solemn religious ceremony The scene was reworked to be less religious with Roger and Anita dressed in formal clothes 10 Two months later Peet completed the manuscript and had it typed up Walt said the script was great stuff and commissioned Peet to begin storyboarding Additionally Peet was charged with recording the voice over process 8 Although Disney had not been as involved in the production of the animated films as frequently as in previous years nevertheless he was always present at story meetings 11 When Peet sent Dodie Smith some drawings of the characters she wrote back saying that he had improved her story and that the designs looked better than the illustrations in the book 6 Animation Edit Art direction Edit After Sleeping Beauty 1959 disappointed at the box office there was some talk of closing down the animation department at the Disney studio 11 During the production of it Disney told animator Eric Larson I don t think we can continue it s too expensive 9 Despite this he still had deep feelings towards animation because he had built the company upon it 11 Ub Iwerks in charge of special processes at the studio had been experimenting with Xerox photography to aid in animation By 1959 he had modified a Xerox camera to transfer drawings by animators directly to animation cels eliminating the inking process thus saving time and money while preserving the spontaneity of the penciled elements 12 7 However because of its limitations the camera was unable to deviate from a black scratchy outline and lacked the fine lavish quality of hand inking 12 Disney would first use the Xerox process for a thorn forest in Sleeping Beauty 9 and the first production to make full use of the process was Goliath II 12 For One Hundred and One Dalmatians one of the benefits of the process was that it was a great help towards animating the spotted dogs According to Chuck Jones Disney was able to complete the film for about half of what it would have cost if they had had to animate all the dogs and spots 13 Ken Anderson proposed the use of the Xerox on Dalmatians to Walt who was disenchanted with animation by then and replied Ah yeah yeah you can fool around all you want to 14 For the stylized art direction Anderson took inspiration from British cartoonist Ronald Searle 15 who once advised him to use a Mont Blanc pen and India ink for his artwork In addition to the character animation Anderson also sought to use Xerography on the background painting because I was going to apply the same technique to the whole picture 14 Along with color stylist Walt Peregoy the two had the line drawings be printed on a separate animation cel before being laid over the background which gave the appearance similar to the Xeroxed animation 11 16 Disney disliked the artistic look of the film and felt he was losing the fantasy element of his animated films 11 In a meeting with Anderson and the animation staff concerning future films Walt said We re never gonna have one of those goddamned things referring to Dalmatians and its technique and stated Ken s never going to be an art director again 14 Ken Anderson took this to heart but Walt eventually forgave him on his final trip to the studio in late 1966 As Anderson recalled in an interview He looked very sick I said Gee it s great to see you Walt and he said You know that thing you did on Dalmatians He didn t say anything else but he just gave me this look and I knew that all was forgiven and in his opinion maybe what I did on Dalmatians wasn t so bad That was the last time I ever saw him Then a few weeks later I learned he was gone 11 Live action reference Edit As with the previous Disney films actors provided live action reference in order to determine what would work before the animation process begun Actress Helene Stanley performed the live action reference for the character of Anita She did the same work for the characters of Cinderella and Princess Aurora in Sleeping Beauty 17 Meanwhile Mary Wickes provided the live action reference for Cruella de Vil 18 Character animation Edit Marc Davis was the sole animator on Cruella De Vil During production Davis claimed her character was partly inspired by Bette Davis no relation Rosalind Russell and Tallulah Bankhead He took further influence from her voice actress Betty Lou Gerson whose cheekbones he added to the character He later complimented t hat her voice was the greatest thing I ve ever had a chance to work with A voice like Betty Lou s gives you something to do You get a performance going there and if you don t take advantage of it you re off your rocker 19 While her hair coloring originated from the illustrations in the novel Davis found its disheveled style by looking through old magazines for hairdos from 1940 till now Her coat was exaggerated to match her oversized personality and the lining was red because there s a devil image involved 20 Casting Edit Before starring in high profile roles such as The Birds and The Time Machine Australian actor Rod Taylor had extensive radio experience and then was cast as Pongo The filmmakers deliberately cast dogs with deeper voices than their human owners so they had more power 21 Walt Disney originally had Lisa Davis read for the role of Cruella De Vil but she did not think that she was right for the part and wanted to try reading the role of Anita Disney agreed with her after the two of them read the script for a second time 22 Betty Lou Gerson who was previously the narrator for Cinderella auditioned for the role of Cruella De Vil in front of Marc Davis and sequence director Wolfgang Reitherman and landed it 23 While searching for the right accent of the character Gerson landed on a phony theatrical voice someone who s set sail from New York but hasn t quite reached England 24 During the recording process she was thought to be imitating Tallulah Bankhead However Gerson disputed Well I didn t intentionally imitate her I was raised in Birmingham Ala and Tallulah was from Jasper Ala We both had phony English accents on top of our Southern accents and a great deal of flair So our voices came out that way 25 In addition to voicing Mrs Birdwell Gerson finished recording in fourteen days 23 Music Edit Main article One Hundred and One Dalmatians soundtrack To have music involved in the narrative Peet used an old theater trick by which the protagonist is a down and out songwriter However unlike the previous animated Disney films at the time the songs were not composed by a team but by Mel Leven who composed both lyrics and music 10 Previously Leven had composed songs for the UPA animation studio in which animators who transferred to work at Disney had recommended him to Walt 26 His first assignment was to compose Cruella de Vil of which Leven composed three versions The final version used in the film was composed as a bluesy number before a meeting with Walt in forty five minutes 10 The other two songs included in the film are Kanine Krunchies Jingle sung by Lucille Bliss who voiced Anastasia Tremaine in Disney s 1950 film Cinderella and Dalmatian Plantation in which Roger sings only two lines at its closure Leven had also written additional songs that were not included in the film The first song Don t Buy a Parrot from a Sailor a cockney chant was meant to be sung by Jasper and Horace at the De Vil Mansion A second song Cheerio Good Bye Toodle oo Hip Hip was to be sung by the dalmatian puppies as they make their way into London 10 A third song titled March of the One Hundred and One was meant for the dogs to sing after escaping Cruella by van Different longer versions of Kanine Krunchies Jingle and Dalmatian Plantation appear on the Disneyland Records read along album based on the film 27 The Sherman Brothers wrote a title song One Hundred and One Dalmatians but it was not used in the film 28 The song has been released on other Disney recordings however 27 29 Release EditOne Hundred and One Dalmatians was first released in theaters on January 25 1961 The film was re released theatrically in 1969 1979 1985 and 1991 30 The 1991 reissue was the 20th highest grossing film of the year for domestic earnings 31 Home media Edit One Hundred and One Dalmatians was first released on VHS on April 10 1992 as part of the Walt Disney Classics video series 32 By June 1992 it had sold 11 1 million copies 33 At the time it was the sixth best selling video of all time 34 It was re released on March 9 1999 as part of the Walt Disney Masterpiece Collection video series Due to technical issues it was later released on LaserDisc and was delayed numerous times before its release on DVD The film was re released on VHS and for the first time on DVD in December 1999 as a Walt Disney Limited Issue for a limited 60 day time period before going into moratorium 35 A two disc Platinum Edition DVD was released on March 4 2008 It was released on Blu ray Disc in the United Kingdom on September 3 2012 36 A Diamond Edition Blu ray of the film was released in North America on February 10 2015 A Limited Edition from Disney Movie Club was released on Blu ray and DVD combo on November 6 2018 Then it was re released on HD digital download and Blu ray on September 24 2019 as part of the Walt Disney Signature Collection 37 Reception EditBox office Edit During its initial theatrical run the film grossed 14 million in the United States and Canada 38 which generated 6 2 million in distributor rentals 39 It was also the most popular film of the year in France with admissions of 14 7 million ranking tenth on their all time list 40 41 The film was re released in 1969 where it earned 15 million In its 1979 theatrical re release it grossed 19 million and in 1985 the film grossed 32 million 38 During its fourth re release in 1991 it grossed 60 8 million 42 Prior to 1995 the film had grossed 86 million overseas 43 In 1995 it grossed 71 million overseas 44 bringing its international total to 157 million The film s total domestic lifetime gross is 145 million 34 and its total worldwide gross is 303 million 2 Adjusted for inflation and incorporating subsequent releases the film has a lifetime gross of 900 3 million 45 Critical reaction Edit In its initial release the film received acclaim from critics many of whom hailed it as the studio s best release since Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs 1937 and the closest to a real Disney film in many years 46 Howard Thompson of The New York Times wrote While the story moves steadily toward a stark melodramatic chase climax it remains enclosed in a typical Disney frame of warm family love human and canine However he later opined that the s ongs are scarce too A few more would have braced the final starkness 47 Variety claimed that While not as indelibly enchanting or inspired as some of the studio s most unforgettable animated endeavors this is nonetheless a painstaking creative effort 48 Time praised the film as the wittiest most charming least pretentious cartoon feature Walt Disney has ever made 49 Harrison s Reports felt all children and adults will be highly entertained by Walt Disney s latest a semi sophisticated laugh provoking all cartoon feature lengther in Technicolor 50 Dodie Smith also enjoyed the film where she particularly praised the animation and backgrounds of the film 6 Contemporary reviews have remained positive Reviewing the film during its 1991 re release Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun Times while giving the film three stars out of four asserted that it s an uneven film with moments of inspiration in a fairly conventional tale of kidnapping and rescue This is not one of the great Disney classics it s not in the same league with Snow White or Pinocchio but it s passable fun and will entertain its target family audiences 51 Chicago Tribune film critic Gene Siskel in his 1991 review also gave the film three stars out of four 52 Ralph Novak of People wrote What it lacks in romantic extravagance and plush spectacle this 1961 Disney film makes up for in quiet charm and subtlety In fact if any movie with dogs cats and horses who talk can be said to belong in the realm of realistic drama this is it 53 However the film did receive a few negative reviews In 2011 Craig Berman of MSNBC ranked it and its 1996 remake as two of the worst children s films of all time saying that The plot itself is a bit nutty Making a coat out of dogs Who does that But worse than Cruella de Vil s fashion sense is the fact that your children will definitely start asking for a Dalmatian of their own for their next birthday 54 The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported the film received an approval rating of 98 based on 52 reviews with an average score of 8 2 10 The website s critical consensus reads With plenty of pooches and a memorable villain Cruella De Vil this is one of Disney s most enduring entertaining animated films 55 Cruella de Vil ranked 39th on AFI s list of 100 Years 100 Heroes and Villains 56 Legacy Edit Main article 101 Dalmatians franchise Live action remake and its sequel Edit Since the original release of the film Disney has taken the property in various directions The earliest of these endeavors was the 1996 live action remake 101 Dalmatians which starred Glenn Close as Cruella De Vil Unlike the original film none of the animals had speaking voices in this version Its success in theaters led to 102 Dalmatians released on November 22 2000 TV series Edit After the first live action version of the film an animated series titled 101 Dalmatians The Series was launched The characters designs were stylized further to allow for economic animation and to appeal to contemporary trends 101 Dalmatian Street is the second TV series with a plot in the 21st century with a new art style and a concept loosely based on the source material Set 60 years after the original animated film the show focuses on Dylan and Dolly who are both descendants of Pongo and Perdita caring for their 97 younger siblings who all live without a human in Camden Town Sequel Edit 101 Dalmatians II Patch s London Adventure the official sequel to the original animated film was released direct to video on January 21 2003 57 Live action reboot Edit Main article Cruella film In 2021 Disney released another live action film that focuses on the origin of Cruella de Vil 58 Emma Stone plays Cruella and Alex Timbers was in negotiations to direct the film 59 60 but he left directing duties for Cruella due to scheduling conflicts and was replaced by the I Tonya director Craig Gillespie in December 2018 61 Emma Thompson portrays Baroness von Hellman 62 while Paul Walter Hauser joined the project 63 revealed to be as Horace with Joel Fry cast as Jasper 64 The film was originally scheduled to be released on December 23 2020 61 65 but was delayed to May 28 2021 66 67 See also EditList of highest grossing animated films List of highest grossing films in France List of American films of 1961 List of animated feature films of the 1960s List of Walt Disney Pictures films List of Disney theatrical animated features Second weekend in box office performance Second weekend increasePortals Disney Cartoon Film United States 1960sNotes EditReferences Edit Thomas Bob April 22 1994 Walt Disney An American Original 2nd ed Disney Editions p 295 ISBN 978 0786860272 a b D Alessandro Anthony October 27 2003 Cartoon Coffers Top Grossing Disney Animated Features at the Worldwide B O Variety p 6 Disney produced 1961 advertising used the deVille spelling 101 Dalmatians Orpheum Theater advertisement Madison WI Capital Times 7 April 1961 Gebert Michael 1996 The Encyclopedia of Movie Awards St Martin s Paperbacks ISBN 0 668 05308 9 page needed King Susan January 31 2015 101 Dalmatians was just the hit a flagging Disney needed Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on February 3 2015 Retrieved February 5 2015 a b c Sincerely Yours Walt Disney DVD Bonus feature Burbank California Walt Disney Home Entertainment 2008 Archived from the original on 2020 02 15 Retrieved 2020 01 01 via YouTube a b Thomas Bob 1997 Chapter 7 The Postwar Films Disney s Art of Animation From Mickey Mouse to Hercules p 106 a b Peet Bill 1989 Bill Peet An Autobiography Houghton Mifflin Harcourt pp 163 66 ISBN 978 0395689820 a b c Barrier Michael April 8 1999 Hollywood Cartoons American Animation in Its Golden Age Oxford University Press pp 566 7 ISBN 978 0 19 802079 0 a b c d Koenig David 1997 Mouse Under Glass Secrets of Disney Animation amp Theme Parks Bonaventure Press pp 116 8 ISBN 978 0964060517 a b c d e f Redefining the Line The Making of One Hundred and One Dalmatians DVD Bonus feature Burbank California Walt Disney Home Entertainment 2008 Archived from the original on 2019 12 23 Retrieved 2020 01 01 via YouTube a b c Finch Christopher 1973 Chapter 10 Limited Animation The Art of Walt Disney From Mickey Mouse to the Magic Kingdom 1st ed Harry N Abrams p 303 ISBN 978 0810990074 An Interview with Chuck Jones Michaelbarrier com Archived from the original on February 7 2014 Retrieved April 13 2014 a b c Canemaker John 1996 Before the Animation Begins The 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UltimateDisney com s Interview with Lisa Davis the voice and model for 101 Dalmatians Anita Radcliff DVDizzy Archived from the original on September 15 2018 Retrieved April 5 2014 a b Rhetts Joanne December 26 1985 101 Dalmatians A Classic On All Counts Evil hearted Cruella The First Name In Nasty Orlando Sentinel Archived from the original on September 17 2017 Retrieved September 16 2017 Birnhaum Jane August 23 1991 Cruella De Vil s voice Entertainment Weekly Archived from the original on September 17 2017 Retrieved September 16 2017 King Susan July 20 1991 Betty Lou Gerson s Phony Accent Was a Natural for Cruella De Vil Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on December 27 2016 Retrieved September 16 2017 William Leven March 3 2008 Dalmatians 101 Spot light on songwriter Mel Leven Interview Interviewed by Jeremie Noyer Animated Views Archived from the original on May 22 2018 Retrieved May 21 2018 a b Ehrbar Greg February 10 2015 101 Dalmatians on Records Cartoon Research Archived from the original on September 17 2017 Retrieved July 4 2017 Noyer Jeremie February 4 2008 Scales and Arpeggios Richard M Sherman and the mewsic of The AristoCats Animated Views Retrieved 2021 08 22 Ehrbar Greg June 8 2021 Walt Disney s 101 Dalmatians Long Awaited Soundtrack Album Cartoon Research Retrieved 2021 08 22 Stevenson Richard August 5 1991 30 Year Old Film Is a Surprise Hit In Its 4th Re Release The New York Times Archived from the original on September 17 2017 Retrieved September 16 2017 1991 Domestic Grosses 1 50 Box Office Mojo Archived from the original on November 26 2009 Retrieved April 2 2008 Hunt Dennis January 17 1992 Digital Cassette Becomes the Talk of the Town Los Angeles Times Archived from the original on December 10 2018 Retrieved September 16 2017 Harris Kathryn June 12 1992 A Nose for Profit Pinocchio Release to Test Truth of Video Sales Theory Los Angeles Times Retrieved September 16 2017 a b Disney Going To The Dogs 101 Dalmatians To Tube New York 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28 2014 Retrieved March 31 2014 101 Dalmatians II Patch s London Adventure Special Edition DVD Review dvdizzy com UltimateDisney com Archived from the original on November 8 2017 Retrieved August 8 2014 Kit Boris September 30 2013 Disney Preps Live Action Cruella De Vil Film Exclusive The Hollywood Reporter Archived from the original on January 8 2020 Retrieved January 17 2015 D Alessandro Anthony April 25 2016 Disney Puts A Slew Of Dates On Hold For Jungle Book 2 Maleficent 2 Dumbo Cruella amp More Deadline Archived from the original on May 13 2016 Retrieved May 14 2016 Cruella with Emma Stone set for the title role and Kelly Marcel writing Kit Borys December 14 2016 Disney s Live Action Cruella Finds Director Hollywood Reporter Archived from the original on December 14 2016 Retrieved December 14 2016 a b Fleming Mike Jr December 4 2018 Craig Gillespie In Talks To Direct Emma Stone In Cruella Deadline com Archived from the original on June 6 2019 Retrieved December 5 2018 Emma Thompson in Talks to Join Emma Stone in Disney s Cruella EXCLUSIVE variety com May 14 2019 Archived from the original on June 26 2019 Retrieved May 18 2019 Richard Jewell Star Paul Walter Hauser Joins Disney s Live Action Cruella variety com July 29 2019 Archived from the original on July 30 2019 Retrieved July 30 2019 Kroll Justin August 7 2019 Disney s Cruella Casts Joel Fry as Jasper EXCLUSIVE Variety Archived from the original on August 7 2019 Retrieved August 8 2019 Adalessandro Anthony May 7 2019 Disney Fox Updates Release Schedule Sets Three Untitled Star Wars Movies Avatar Franchise To Kick Off In 2021 amp More Deadline Archived from the original on May 7 2019 Retrieved May 7 2019 D Alessandro Anthony August 20 2019 Amy Adams Woman In The Window Will Now Open In Early Summer Cruella Moves To 2021 Deadline Hollywood Archived from the original on September 29 2020 Retrieved August 20 2019 Evans Greg 2021 02 17 Disney s Cruella Trailer Emma Stone s Live Action Villainess Scorches London Society Deadline Archived from the original on 2021 02 17 Retrieved 2021 02 17 External links Edit Wikiquote has quotations related to One Hundred and One Dalmatians Official website One Hundred and One Dalmatians at AllMovie One Hundred and One Dalmatians at IMDb One Hundred and One Dalmatians at the TCM Movie Database One Hundred and One Dalmatians at Rotten Tomatoes One Hundred and One Dalmatians at Box Office Mojo Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title One Hundred and One Dalmatians amp oldid 1143760207, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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