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Northwest Indiana

February 16, 2024

Northwest Indiana, nicknamed The Region after the Calumet Region,[1] comprises Lake, Porter, LaPorte, and Newton counties in Indiana.[citation needed] This region neighbors Lake Michigan and is part of the Chicago metropolitan area. According to the 2020 Census, Northwest Indiana has a population of 831,080 and is the state's second largest urban area after the Indianapolis Metropolitan Area. It is also the home of the Indiana Dunes, parts of which have been preserved through conservation efforts.[2][3][4] The town of Ogden Dunes houses the Hour Glass, a museum showcasing the ecological and conservation efforts of O. D. Frank.[4]

The region's largest city is Hammond, followed closely by Gary. Other municipalities in Northwest Indiana include Burns Harbor, Chesterton, Crown Point, DeMotte, Dyer, East Chicago, Griffith, Highland, Hebron, Hobart, Kentland, Lake Station, La Porte, Lowell, Merrillville, Michigan City, Munster, Portage, Schererville, St. John, Cedar Lake, Valparaiso, Whiting, and Winfield.

Overview edit

The counties of Lake, LaPorte, Newton and Porter are included in the Chicago-Naperville-Michigan City Combined Statistical Area, the broadest of the census-derived Metropolitan definitions. Unlike the majority of Indiana, which operates on Eastern Standard Time, these counties are among six in Northern Indiana that are in the Central Time Zone (the others being Jasper and Starke). This reflects their close economic integration in the Chicago metropolitan area.

Three counties — Lake, Porter and LaPorte — are served by the Northwestern Indiana Regional Planning Commission metropolitan planning organization.[5] Northwest Indiana is the home of Marktown, Clayton Mark's planned worker community.[6]

Geography edit

 
The Long Stairs up the dune at West Beach on the Succession Trail

The Lake Michigan shore is a major attraction. Indiana Dunes National Park, which stretches from Gary to Michigan City, is a well-preserved stretch of sand dunes, beaches, grasslands, and forests, as well as several historical homes and buildings.

The terrain of Northwest Indiana varies from very steep and rugged at the dunes, to rolling in the moraines, and to pancake flat in the river valleys. It was shaped by glacial activity and Lake Michigan. The main geographical features of Northwest Indiana include the Valparaiso Moraine, Tinley Moraine, Lake Border Moraine, Iroquois Moraine, Calumet Shoreline, Glenwood Shoreline, Tolleston shorelines, and the Kankakee Outwash Plain.[7]

Chicago Lake Plain edit

The Chicago Lake Plain covers the relatively flat northern quarter of Northwest Indiana north of the moraines. Initially, the plain was flat, composed of glacio-lacustrine deposits. These formed under the waters of glacial Lake Michigan. The lake formed from the melting glaciers north of the Valparaiso Moraine. Eventually the lake overflowed a low spot on the moraine at the Chicago Outlet near the southwest suburbs. This lowered the lake level to current day Lake Michigan levels (Horsley, 1986).[8] As the lake shrunk, it left a series of sand ridges where its ancient beaches were. Along the Lake Michigan shoreline, the prevailing winds have built a series of dune ridges, breaking up the original flat surface of the Lake Plain.

Wheaton Morainal Plain edit

 
Physiography of the Upper Illinois River Basin

South of the Chicago Lake Plain in the central parts of Lake and Porter County and northern LaPorte county is the hilly Wheaton Morainal Plain. The Wheaton Morainal Plain consist of the Valparaiso Moraine and Tinley Moraine, paralleling the Lake Michigan Shoreline. The plain consist of rolling Wisconsinan-age moraines. The Morainal Plain is clayey till, and sandy and loamy till, with areas of sand and gravel. Other deposits include lake clay, silt, and alluvium. Deposits are between 50 and 200 ft thick, with many southern areas have over 200 ft of till (Mades, 1987).[9]

Kankakee Outwash Plain edit

The Kankakee Outwash Plain (southern Lake, Porter, and LaPorte counties) is a flat outwash plain formed by the melting glacier, which was stopped at the Valparaiso Moraine. (Mickelson and others, 1984). Deposits are predominantly sand and gravel, but also include alluvium and fill materials. Deposits average less than 200 ft thick; in the lowlands they can be less than 50 ft thick, while in the upland they can be more than 200 ft thick. Local elevation changes are less than 100 ft.[9] and include many scattered sand dunes.

Bloomington Ridged Plain edit

The Bloomington Ridged Plain covers only the most southern part of Northwest Indiana in the valley of the Iroquois River in southern Newton and Jasper counties. This area consists of low and rolling hills, i.e., moraines like the Iroquois Moraine with less than 300 ft changes in elevation. The soils are loamy till, lake clay and silt. Unlike the northern half of Northwest Indiana, the Huron-Erie glacial lobe left these deposits in its northeastward retreat. Deposits are less than 200 ft thick, with some more than 400 feet thick.[10]

Economy edit

With a gross domestic product of $28.64 billion in 2015, Northwest Indiana accounts for approximately nine percent of Indiana's gross state product. This figure ranks second among metropolitan areas in the state (after Indianapolis) and 89th in the United States, comparable to the GDP of the El Paso, Texas metropolitan area.[11]

The northern portion of Northwest Indiana is noted for its heavy industry. Gary, Portage, Burns Harbor and East Chicago are home to major steel mills, including the largest North American facilities for both U.S. Steel (Gary Works) and Cleveland Cliffs (Indiana Harbor). Whiting and Hammond are home to the largest oil refinery in the Midwestern U.S., operated by BP. Other industrial outputs include fabricated metals, transportation equipment, and food products.

Since the 1990s, casino gambling has become a significant component of Northwest Indiana's economy. A land-based casino with about 150,000 square feet (14,000 m2) of gambling floor opened in Gary in 2021, replacing two boats. Two casino boat properties with approximately 164,000 square feet (15,200 m2) of aggregate gaming space are located along Lake Michigan in Lake County. An additional 65,000 square feet (6,000 m2) of gaming space is located in Michigan City.[12]

Former Indiana Governor Mitch Daniels and the Indiana State Legislature formed the entity known as the Northwest Indiana Regional Development Authority (RDA) in 2006.[13] The RDA, a special-purpose district, is vested with both legal authority and tax dollars to invest in transportation and economic development throughout the region.

A number of Northwest Indiana's suburban communities serve as bedroom communities for Chicago.

Education edit

Colleges and universities located in Northwest Indiana include:

These institutions offer a variety of degree programs in fields such as business administration, engineering and engineering technology, law, education, computing and information technology, and the liberal arts. Additionally, Northwest Indiana is proximate to numerous other universities elsewhere in Indiana and in the Chicago metropolitan area.[14]

A number of both public and private primary and secondary schools are also located throughout Northwest Indiana and the nearby Chicago metropolitan area.

Counties edit

Census Bureau population statistics edit

Census Area 2020 Census 2010 Census 2000 Census 1990 Census 1980 Census 1970 Census 1960 Census 1950 Census
Lake County, Indiana
498,700
496,005
484,564
475,594
522,965
546,253
513,269
368,152
LaPorte County, Indiana
112,417
111,467
110,106
107,066
108,632
105,342
95,111
76,808
Newton County, Indiana
13,830
14,244
14,566
13,551
14,844
11,606
11,502
11,006
Porter County, Indiana
173,215
164,343
146,798
128,932
119,816
87,114
60,279
40,076
Total
831,080
819,537
786,077
750,103
792,395
770,744
699,003
513,073

Transportation edit

Major airports edit

Commuter rail edit

 
South Shore Train at Dune Park Station

Highways edit

Area codes edit

Local media edit

Online edit

  • NWIndianaLife.com - Online

Print edit

Broadcast edit

Notable people edit

Justin "The Beef" Bohannon

Parks and nature areas edit

See also: Kankakee River

References edit

  1. ^ "What's up with that? Where did the term 'Da Region' come from?".
  2. ^ . Archived from the original on 2012-09-13. Retrieved 2012-06-11.
  3. ^ . Archived from the original on 2016-01-01. Retrieved 2015-11-22.
  4. ^ a b . Archived from the original on 2012-11-30. Retrieved 2012-06-11.
  5. ^ "Northwestern Indiana Regional Planning Commission Homepage". Nirpc.org. Retrieved 2015-07-26.
  6. ^ . Archived from the original on 2012-09-13. Retrieved 2012-08-29.
  7. ^ Environmental Geology of Lake and Porter Counties, Indiana An Aid to Planning; By Edwin J. Hartke, John R. Hill, and Mark Reshkin; Environmental Study 8 Department of Natural Resources Geological Survey Special Report 11
  8. ^ Environmental Setting of the Upper Illinois River Basin and Implications for Water Quality Water-Resources Investigations Report 98–4268; Terri L. Arnold, Daniel J. Sullivan, Mitchell A. Harris, Faith A. Fitzpatrick, Barbara C. Scudder, Peter M. Ruhl, Dorothea W. Hanchar, and Jana S. Stewart; U.S. Geologic Survey, Department of the Interior; Urbana, Illinois; 1999; pg 11
  9. ^ a b pg 12
  10. ^ pg 12, 18
  11. ^ "Northwest Indiana has state's second biggest economy". Indianeconomicdigest.com. Retrieved July 3, 2016.
  12. ^ "South Shore Casinos | Northwest Indiana Things to Do". Southshorecva.com. Retrieved 2016-07-26.
  13. ^ Mike Pence (2016-07-21). "RDA: Home". In.gov. Retrieved 2016-07-26.
  14. ^ . U.S. News & World Report. Archived from the original on 2007-01-11. Retrieved 2006-11-25.
  15. ^ "The Lakeshore 89.1 FM Homepage". Thelakeshorefm.com. Retrieved 2015-07-26.
  16. ^ a b c d Streets of Northwest Indiana; Rand McNally, Chicago, Illinois, 2008
  17. ^ a b c d Indiana Atlas and Gazetter; DeLorme, Yarmouth, Vermont

41°10′N 87°0′W / 41.167°N 87.000°W / 41.167; -87.000

February 16, 2024
northwest, indiana, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, july, 2. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Northwest Indiana news newspapers books scholar JSTOR July 2016 Learn how and when to remove this template message Northwest Indiana nicknamed The Region after the Calumet Region 1 comprises Lake Porter LaPorte and Newton counties in Indiana citation needed This region neighbors Lake Michigan and is part of the Chicago metropolitan area According to the 2020 Census Northwest Indiana has a population of 831 080 and is the state s second largest urban area after the Indianapolis Metropolitan Area It is also the home of the Indiana Dunes parts of which have been preserved through conservation efforts 2 3 4 The town of Ogden Dunes houses the Hour Glass a museum showcasing the ecological and conservation efforts of O D Frank 4 The region s largest city is Hammond followed closely by Gary Other municipalities in Northwest Indiana include Burns Harbor Chesterton Crown Point DeMotte Dyer East Chicago Griffith Highland Hebron Hobart Kentland Lake Station La Porte Lowell Merrillville Michigan City Munster Portage Schererville St John Cedar Lake Valparaiso Whiting and Winfield Contents 1 Overview 2 Geography 2 1 Chicago Lake Plain 2 2 Wheaton Morainal Plain 2 3 Kankakee Outwash Plain 2 4 Bloomington Ridged Plain 3 Economy 4 Education 5 Counties 5 1 Census Bureau population statistics 6 Transportation 6 1 Major airports 6 2 Commuter rail 6 3 Highways 7 Area codes 8 Local media 8 1 Online 8 2 Print 8 3 Broadcast 9 Notable people 10 Parks and nature areas 11 ReferencesOverview editThe counties of Lake LaPorte Newton and Porter are included in the Chicago Naperville Michigan City Combined Statistical Area the broadest of the census derived Metropolitan definitions Unlike the majority of Indiana which operates on Eastern Standard Time these counties are among six in Northern Indiana that are in the Central Time Zone the others being Jasper and Starke This reflects their close economic integration in the Chicago metropolitan area Three counties Lake Porter and LaPorte are served by the Northwestern Indiana Regional Planning Commission metropolitan planning organization 5 Northwest Indiana is the home of Marktown Clayton Mark s planned worker community 6 Geography edit nbsp The Long Stairs up the dune at West Beach on the Succession TrailThe Lake Michigan shore is a major attraction Indiana Dunes National Park which stretches from Gary to Michigan City is a well preserved stretch of sand dunes beaches grasslands and forests as well as several historical homes and buildings The terrain of Northwest Indiana varies from very steep and rugged at the dunes to rolling in the moraines and to pancake flat in the river valleys It was shaped by glacial activity and Lake Michigan The main geographical features of Northwest Indiana include the Valparaiso Moraine Tinley Moraine Lake Border Moraine Iroquois Moraine Calumet Shoreline Glenwood Shoreline Tolleston shorelines and the Kankakee Outwash Plain 7 Chicago Lake Plain edit The Chicago Lake Plain covers the relatively flat northern quarter of Northwest Indiana north of the moraines Initially the plain was flat composed of glacio lacustrine deposits These formed under the waters of glacial Lake Michigan The lake formed from the melting glaciers north of the Valparaiso Moraine Eventually the lake overflowed a low spot on the moraine at the Chicago Outlet near the southwest suburbs This lowered the lake level to current day Lake Michigan levels Horsley 1986 8 As the lake shrunk it left a series of sand ridges where its ancient beaches were Along the Lake Michigan shoreline the prevailing winds have built a series of dune ridges breaking up the original flat surface of the Lake Plain Wheaton Morainal Plain edit nbsp Physiography of the Upper Illinois River BasinSouth of the Chicago Lake Plain in the central parts of Lake and Porter County and northern LaPorte county is the hilly Wheaton Morainal Plain The Wheaton Morainal Plain consist of the Valparaiso Moraine and Tinley Moraine paralleling the Lake Michigan Shoreline The plain consist of rolling Wisconsinan age moraines The Morainal Plain is clayey till and sandy and loamy till with areas of sand and gravel Other deposits include lake clay silt and alluvium Deposits are between 50 and 200 ft thick with many southern areas have over 200 ft of till Mades 1987 9 Kankakee Outwash Plain edit The Kankakee Outwash Plain southern Lake Porter and LaPorte counties is a flat outwash plain formed by the melting glacier which was stopped at the Valparaiso Moraine Mickelson and others 1984 Deposits are predominantly sand and gravel but also include alluvium and fill materials Deposits average less than 200 ft thick in the lowlands they can be less than 50 ft thick while in the upland they can be more than 200 ft thick Local elevation changes are less than 100 ft 9 and include many scattered sand dunes Bloomington Ridged Plain edit The Bloomington Ridged Plain covers only the most southern part of Northwest Indiana in the valley of the Iroquois River in southern Newton and Jasper counties This area consists of low and rolling hills i e moraines like the Iroquois Moraine with less than 300 ft changes in elevation The soils are loamy till lake clay and silt Unlike the northern half of Northwest Indiana the Huron Erie glacial lobe left these deposits in its northeastward retreat Deposits are less than 200 ft thick with some more than 400 feet thick 10 Economy editWith a gross domestic product of 28 64 billion in 2015 Northwest Indiana accounts for approximately nine percent of Indiana s gross state product This figure ranks second among metropolitan areas in the state after Indianapolis and 89th in the United States comparable to the GDP of the El Paso Texas metropolitan area 11 The northern portion of Northwest Indiana is noted for its heavy industry Gary Portage Burns Harbor and East Chicago are home to major steel mills including the largest North American facilities for both U S Steel Gary Works and Cleveland Cliffs Indiana Harbor Whiting and Hammond are home to the largest oil refinery in the Midwestern U S operated by BP Other industrial outputs include fabricated metals transportation equipment and food products Since the 1990s casino gambling has become a significant component of Northwest Indiana s economy A land based casino with about 150 000 square feet 14 000 m2 of gambling floor opened in Gary in 2021 replacing two boats Two casino boat properties with approximately 164 000 square feet 15 200 m2 of aggregate gaming space are located along Lake Michigan in Lake County An additional 65 000 square feet 6 000 m2 of gaming space is located in Michigan City 12 Former Indiana Governor Mitch Daniels and the Indiana State Legislature formed the entity known as the Northwest Indiana Regional Development Authority RDA in 2006 13 The RDA a special purpose district is vested with both legal authority and tax dollars to invest in transportation and economic development throughout the region A number of Northwest Indiana s suburban communities serve as bedroom communities for Chicago Education editColleges and universities located in Northwest Indiana include Calumet College of St Joseph in Whiting Indiana University Northwest IU Northwest in Gary Purdue University Northwest which encompasses the formerly named Purdue University Calumet campus in Hammond and the formerly named Purdue University North Central campus in Westville Saint Joseph s College in Rensselaer Closed in 2017 with plans to reopen as a junior college associated with Marian University Indiana Valparaiso University in Valparaiso the largest independent Lutheran University in the United States Hyles Anderson College in Crown Point These institutions offer a variety of degree programs in fields such as business administration engineering and engineering technology law education computing and information technology and the liberal arts Additionally Northwest Indiana is proximate to numerous other universities elsewhere in Indiana and in the Chicago metropolitan area 14 A number of both public and private primary and secondary schools are also located throughout Northwest Indiana and the nearby Chicago metropolitan area Counties editLake County LaPorte County Newton County Porter CountyCensus Bureau population statistics edit Census Area 2020 Census 2010 Census 2000 Census 1990 Census 1980 Census 1970 Census 1960 Census 1950 CensusLake County Indiana 498 700 496 005 484 564 475 594 522 965 546 253 513 269 368 152LaPorte County Indiana 112 417 111 467 110 106 107 066 108 632 105 342 95 111 76 808Newton County Indiana 13 830 14 244 14 566 13 551 14 844 11 606 11 502 11 006Porter County Indiana 173 215 164 343 146 798 128 932 119 816 87 114 60 279 40 076Total 831 080 819 537 786 077 750 103 792 395 770 744 699 003 513 073Transportation editMajor airports edit Gary Chicago International Airport GYY No current scheduled air service Midway International Airport MDW O Hare International Airport ORD South Bend International Airport SBN Commuter rail edit nbsp South Shore Train at Dune Park StationSouth Shore Line connecting Chicago to South Bend Indiana passing through Gary and Michigan CityHighways edit nbsp Interstate 65 nbsp Interstate 80 nbsp nbsp Interstate 90 Indiana Toll Road nbsp Interstate 94 nbsp U S Route 6 nbsp U S Route 12 nbsp U S Route 20 nbsp U S Route 24 nbsp U S Route 30 nbsp U S Route 35 nbsp U S Route 41 nbsp U S Route 231 nbsp U S Route 421 nbsp Indiana State Road 2 nbsp Indiana State Road 4 nbsp Indiana State Road 8 nbsp Indiana State Road 10 nbsp Indiana State Road 14 nbsp Indiana State Road 16 nbsp Indiana State Road 39 nbsp Indiana State Road 49 nbsp Indiana State Road 51 nbsp Indiana State Road 53 nbsp Indiana State Road 55 nbsp Indiana State Road 71 nbsp Indiana State Road 104 nbsp Indiana State Road 114 nbsp Indiana State Road 130 nbsp Indiana State Road 149 nbsp Indiana State Road 152 nbsp Indiana State Road 212 nbsp Indiana State Road 249 nbsp Indiana State Road 312 nbsp Indiana State Road 520 nbsp Indiana State Road 912Area codes edit219 574Local media editOnline edit NWIndianaLife com OnlinePrint edit The Times of Northwest Indiana Print Online Post Tribune Print Online Region Sports Network Print Online Broadcast Chesterton Tribune Print Online La Porte Herald Argus Print Online The News Dispatch Print OnlineBroadcast edit WJOB AM 1230 Radio WLTH AM 1370 Radio WWCA AM Radio WAKE 1500 Radio WIMS AM 1420 Radio WGVE FM 88 7 Radio WLPR FM 89 1 15 Radio WEFM FM 95 9 Radio WXRD FM 103 9 Radio WLJE FM 105 5 Radio WZVN 107 1 Radio Regional Radio Sports Network Radio WYIN TV 56 17 Television WJYS TV 62 36 TelevisionNotable people editJustin The Beef Bohannon Omar Apollo Anne Baxter Larry Bigbie Stephan Bonnar Max Booth III Frank Borman Junior Bridgeman Bob Chapek Dick Cathcart Jack Chevigny Dan Dakich Bryce Drew Homer Drew James Edwards Jim Gaffigan Freddie Gibbs LaTroy Hawkins Sue Hendrickson Jack Hyles Jackson family Janet Jackson Jermaine Jackson La Toya Jackson Marlon Jackson Michael Jackson Randy Jackson Tito Jackson Michael Joiner Alex Karras Ron Kittle Bob Kuechenberg Rudy Kuechenberg Art LaFleur Barney Liddell Kenny Lofton Lloyd McClendon Karen McDougal Karl Malden Dale Messick E Twaun Moore Hal Morris Betsy Palmer Mary Lou Piatek Dan Plesac Gregg Popovich Gary Primich Orville Redenbacher Frank Reynolds John Roberts Glenn Robinson Glenn Robinson III Jerry L Ross Scott Sheldon Kawann Short Bobby Skafish Tim Stoddard Hank Stram Dean White Eugene Wilson Jeff Samardzija Jean Shepherd Jo Anne Worley Tony ZaleParks and nature areas editBiesecker Nature Preserve St John Lake County 16 Calumet Prairie Nature Preserve Gary Lake County 16 Conrad Savanna Nature Preserve Conrad Newton County black and white oak savanna 17 Fish Lake Wildlife Conservation Area Fish Lake LaPorte County 17 Gibson Woods Nature Preserve Hammond Lake County 16 Indiana Dunes National Park Porter County 17 Cowles Bog Pinhook Bog LaPorte County Hoosier Prairie Nature Preserve Griffith Lake County 16 Indiana Dunes State Park Porter County Dunes Nature Preserve Ivanhoe Nature Preserve Gary Indiana Jasper Pulaski Fish and Wildlife Area Radioville Pulaski County Kingsbury Fish and Wildlife Area Kingbury LaPorte County LaSalle Fish and Wildlife Area Stoutsburg Savanna Nature Preserve Wheatfield Jasper County rolling sand ridges 17 Willow Slough Fish and Wildlife Area Morocco Newton CountySee also Kankakee RiverReferences edit What s up with that Where did the term Da Region come from South Shore Journal Alice Gray Dorothy Buell and Naomi Svihla Preservationists of Ogden Dunes Archived from the original on 2012 09 13 Retrieved 2012 06 11 South Shore Journal the Historical Roots of the Nature Conservancy in the Northwest Indiana Chicagoland Region From Science to Preservation Archived from the original on 2016 01 01 Retrieved 2015 11 22 a b South Shore Journal the Cultural Impact of a Museum in a Small Community The Hour Glass in Ogden Dunes Archived from the original on 2012 11 30 Retrieved 2012 06 11 Northwestern Indiana Regional Planning Commission Homepage Nirpc org Retrieved 2015 07 26 South Shore Journal Marktown Clayton Mark s Planned Worker Community in Northwest Indiana Archived from the original on 2012 09 13 Retrieved 2012 08 29 Environmental Geology of Lake and Porter Counties Indiana An Aid to Planning By Edwin J Hartke John R Hill and Mark Reshkin Environmental Study 8 Department of Natural Resources Geological Survey Special Report 11 Environmental Setting of the Upper Illinois River Basin and Implications for Water Quality Water Resources Investigations Report 98 4268 Terri L Arnold Daniel J Sullivan Mitchell A Harris Faith A Fitzpatrick Barbara C Scudder Peter M Ruhl Dorothea W Hanchar and Jana S Stewart U S Geologic Survey Department of the Interior Urbana Illinois 1999 pg 11 a b pg 12 pg 12 18 Northwest Indiana has state s second biggest economy Indianeconomicdigest com Retrieved July 3 2016 South Shore Casinos Northwest Indiana Things to Do Southshorecva com Retrieved 2016 07 26 Mike Pence 2016 07 21 RDA Home In gov Retrieved 2016 07 26 America s Best Colleges 2007 U S News amp World Report Archived from the original on 2007 01 11 Retrieved 2006 11 25 The Lakeshore 89 1 FM Homepage Thelakeshorefm com Retrieved 2015 07 26 a b c d Streets of Northwest Indiana Rand McNally Chicago Illinois 2008 a b c d Indiana Atlas and Gazetter DeLorme Yarmouth Vermont 41 10 N 87 0 W 41 167 N 87 000 W 41 167 87 000 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Northwest Indiana amp oldid 1200159833, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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