The New Flyer Invero (D40i) was a line of low-floortransit buses available in 40' rigid lengths manufactured by New Flyer Industries between 1999 and 2007. The Invero was typically sold with a conventional diesel combustion engine, although a few diesel-electric hybrids were built, integrated by Stewart & Stevenson. New Flyer introduced the Invero in 1999 with the intent that it would replace the preceding New Flyer Low Floor line, but few Inveros were sold, and the line was discontinued in 2007; in 2008, New Flyer introduced the Xcelsior, replacing both the Low Floor and the Invero lines.
40 = 40 feet (12 m) 60 = 60 feet (18 m) articulated
i = Invero
For example, a New Flyer D40i is a 40' (nominal) rigid Invero with diesel power. New Flyer never officially produced any diesel-electric hybrid Inveros, nor did they produce any articulated Inveros.
OC Transpo #4285 in profile, showing the "Beluga" elevated front roofline
Work on what would become the Invero started in 1997.[2] A prototype Invero was first shown at the October 1999 APTA trade show in Orlando, Florida. Apart from the more streamlined exterior, other improvements over the existing Low Floor models included larger windows, improved heating, more seats, easier maintenance, and the use of composite materials to reduce weight. The driver's windshield has been shaped to reduce glare.[3] The air conditioning unit has been moved to the front roof of the bus to allow for additional passenger seats in the rear of the bus.[4] The resulting elevated front roofline has led some operators to affectionately dub the Inveros the "Beluga" bus, after the Beluga whale.[5][6]
Financial difficulties delayed the development of the production Invero. New Flyer essentially was unable to sell buses for 18 months until late 2002 while the company was undergoing cash flow issues.[7] New Flyer had a contract to provide 10 Inveros for evaluation to the city of Winnipeg in 2000 as part of a larger contract for 82 replacement buses; the 10 Inveros would be delivered as part of the initial batch of 30 buses and would undergo a long-term test to determine if the remaining 52 should be ordered as Inveros, to be delivered in 2001 and 2002. However, the evaluation Inveros would not have been ready before late summer 2002, and Winnipeg negotiated a settlement to receive conventional D40LF models instead.[8]
In 2003, New Flyer publicized the sales win for a planned articulated bus hybrid Invero variant, designated DE60i, by displaying the image on its home page.[9] The hybrid Invero variant was scheduled to enter service in August 2006.[10] Four Inveros were converted to diesel-electric hybrid propulsion by Stewart & Stevenson for the Roaring Fork Transportation Authority and delivered in November 2005; New Flyer was unwilling to perform the engineering required to integrate the hybrid drivetrain (manufactured by GM Allison) for the small order. The cost of each hybrid bus was US$585,000 (equivalent to $812,000 in 2021), compared to US$350,000 (equivalent to $486,000 in 2021) for the conventional D40i.[6][11]
Fuel cell
A hydrogen fuel cell Invero was demonstrated in Winnipeg during the summer of 2006. The fuel cell Invero was integrated by Hydrogenics using their HyPM 65 fuel cell power modules; in-wheel electric motors from Siemens, installed by ISE Corporation; ultra-capacitors from Maxwell Technologies; and roof-mounted hydrogen storage tanks from Dynetek Industries of Calgary. The system had a continuous rated output of 180 kW (240 hp) with a peak output of 350 kW (470 hp) and a range of approximately 6 to 8 hours. Refueling for the demonstration was performed at Red River College.[12] Development of the fuel cell Invero had started in late 2002, and was largely supported by Natural Resources Canada, which contributed CA$3,000,000 (equivalent to $3,970,000 in 2021) for the project.[13]
Deployment
The first New Flyer Invero D40i was completed at the St. Cloud plant on May 7, 2002, and was the first of six ordered for the St. Catharines Transit Authority.[2] The Invero also entered revenue service for Burlington Transit by 2003.[14] The first United States transit agency to order the Invero was Community Transit, serving Snohomish County, Washington, near Seattle; the first Community Transit bus rolled off the line at St. Cloud on January 11, 2005.[15] Community Transit ordered 33 buses, which entered service in mid-2005.[16]OC Transpo in Ottawa was the largest customer for the Invero.[2][14]
In 2003, the Lane Transit District serving Eugene, Oregon announced plans to implement a bus rapid transit system using six DE60i 60' articulated Inveros (then designated DE60iLF-BRT, emphasizing the low-floor design and bus rapid transit intentions), to be delivered in August 2006.[17] However, in July 2004, Lane announced they would be acquiring the Low Floor-based DE60LF-BRT (later designated DE60LFA) articulated buses instead.[18]
In 2018, the OC Transpo Inveros had reached the end of their lifecycle, and were being replaced by Nova Bus LFS.[19]
^ abcdefg(PDF). New Flyer Industries. September 2002. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 13, 2004. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
^ abc. New Flyer. 2002. Archived from the original on October 13, 2002. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
^. New Flyer. 1999. Archived from the original on November 27, 1999. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
^. Thermo King. Fall 2001. Archived from the original on August 24, 2004. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
^"Newsletter: Convention Report, Seattle in the spring" (PDF). Motor Bus Society. Summer 2014. Most CT service was provided by New Flyer D40LF's and D40LFR's, but the group was pleasantly surprised to see a New Flyer Invero enter the Center. The driver was very hositable upon layover and advised us that the Invero's are affectionately often referred to as beluga buses (yes, like the whale).
^ abUrquhart, Janet (November 21, 2005). "RFTA bus supplier shutting down". Post Independent Citizen Telegram. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
^Cash, Martin (September 16, 2002). "New Flyer CEO eyes rebound for bus maker". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
^Report of the Standing Policy Committee on Public Works dated June 25, 2002 (Report). City of Winnipeg. June 25, 2002. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
^. New Flyer Industries. 2003. Archived from the original on December 19, 2003. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
^Barnitt, Robb; Eudy, Leslie (August 2005). Overview of Advanced Technology Transportation, 2005 Update (PDF) (Report). National Renewable Energy Laboratory. p. 9. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
^Condon, Scott (October 27, 2005). "RFTA's hybrid bus trial to rev up in November". The Aspen Times. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
^"Hybrid Fuel Cell Bus Demonstration: Advanced Technology Moves Bus Forward" (PDF). Natural Resources Canada. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
^Behling, Noriko Hikosaka (2013). "7: History of proton exchange membrane fuel cells and direct methanol fuel cells". Fuel Cells: Current Technology Challenges and Future Research Needs. Amsterdam: Elsevier. p. 456. ISBN978-0-444-56325-5. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
^ ab. New Flyer. 2003. Archived from the original on December 4, 2003. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
^Campbell, Joey (February 1, 2005). "New Flyer delivers first Invero bus to the U.S. transit market". Metro Magazine. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
^"Community Transit unveils new bus". The Enterprise. March 3, 2005. Retrieved November 29, 2022.
^"New Flyer's Invero Offers State-of-the-Art BRT System" (Press release). PR Newswire. September 5, 2003. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
^. New Flyer. 2004. Archived from the original on October 12, 2004. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
^Willing, Jon (August 1, 2018). "OC Transpo not pursuing new green bus technology as hybrid program runs out of gas". Ottawa Citizen. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to New Flyer Invero.
External links
"New Flyer Industries D40i". Canadian Public Transit Discussion Board wiki. Retrieved December 11, 2018.
(PDF). New Flyer Industries. September 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 17, 2006.
D40i Invero (Report). LTI Bus Research and Testing Center (Altoona). 2004. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
January 06, 2023
flyer, invero, d40i, line, floor, transit, buses, available, rigid, lengths, manufactured, flyer, industries, between, 1999, 2007, invero, typically, sold, with, conventional, diesel, combustion, engine, although, diesel, electric, hybrids, were, built, integr. The New Flyer Invero D40i was a line of low floor transit buses available in 40 rigid lengths manufactured by New Flyer Industries between 1999 and 2007 The Invero was typically sold with a conventional diesel combustion engine although a few diesel electric hybrids were built integrated by Stewart amp Stevenson New Flyer introduced the Invero in 1999 with the intent that it would replace the preceding New Flyer Low Floor line but few Inveros were sold and the line was discontinued in 2007 in 2008 New Flyer introduced the Xcelsior replacing both the Low Floor and the Invero lines New Flyer InveroTwo Community Transit New Flyer D40i Inveros in downtown SeattleOverviewManufacturerNew FlyerProduction2002 2007Body and chassisClassTransit busPowertrainEngineCummins ISL 1 TransmissionAllison B400 R 1 DimensionsWheelbase285 in 7 24 m 1 Lengthover bumpers 41 25 ft 12 6 m 1 Width102 in 2 59 m 1 Height118 7 in 3 01 m diesel over A C 1 Curb weight27 600 lb 12 500 kg 1 ChronologyPredecessorNew Flyer Low FloorSuccessorNew Flyer Xcelsior Contents 1 Design 1 1 Hybrids 1 2 Fuel cell 2 Deployment 3 Competition 4 References 5 External linksDesign EditModel Codes Motive power Length ModelD dieselDE diesel electric hybridF or H hydrogen fuel cell 40 40 feet 12 m 60 60 feet 18 m articulated i InveroFor example a New Flyer D40i is a 40 nominal rigid Invero with diesel power New Flyer never officially produced any diesel electric hybrid Inveros nor did they produce any articulated Inveros OC Transpo 4285 in profile showing the Beluga elevated front roofline Work on what would become the Invero started in 1997 2 A prototype Invero was first shown at the October 1999 APTA trade show in Orlando Florida Apart from the more streamlined exterior other improvements over the existing Low Floor models included larger windows improved heating more seats easier maintenance and the use of composite materials to reduce weight The driver s windshield has been shaped to reduce glare 3 The air conditioning unit has been moved to the front roof of the bus to allow for additional passenger seats in the rear of the bus 4 The resulting elevated front roofline has led some operators to affectionately dub the Inveros the Beluga bus after the Beluga whale 5 6 Financial difficulties delayed the development of the production Invero New Flyer essentially was unable to sell buses for 18 months until late 2002 while the company was undergoing cash flow issues 7 New Flyer had a contract to provide 10 Inveros for evaluation to the city of Winnipeg in 2000 as part of a larger contract for 82 replacement buses the 10 Inveros would be delivered as part of the initial batch of 30 buses and would undergo a long term test to determine if the remaining 52 should be ordered as Inveros to be delivered in 2001 and 2002 However the evaluation Inveros would not have been ready before late summer 2002 and Winnipeg negotiated a settlement to receive conventional D40LF models instead 8 Hybrids Edit New Flyer S amp S GM Hybrid DE40i RFTA 602 In 2003 New Flyer publicized the sales win for a planned articulated bus hybrid Invero variant designated DE60i by displaying the image on its home page 9 The hybrid Invero variant was scheduled to enter service in August 2006 10 Four Inveros were converted to diesel electric hybrid propulsion by Stewart amp Stevenson for the Roaring Fork Transportation Authority and delivered in November 2005 New Flyer was unwilling to perform the engineering required to integrate the hybrid drivetrain manufactured by GM Allison for the small order The cost of each hybrid bus was US 585 000 equivalent to 812 000 in 2021 compared to US 350 000 equivalent to 486 000 in 2021 for the conventional D40i 6 11 Fuel cell Edit A hydrogen fuel cell Invero was demonstrated in Winnipeg during the summer of 2006 The fuel cell Invero was integrated by Hydrogenics using their HyPM 65 fuel cell power modules in wheel electric motors from Siemens installed by ISE Corporation ultra capacitors from Maxwell Technologies and roof mounted hydrogen storage tanks from Dynetek Industries of Calgary The system had a continuous rated output of 180 kW 240 hp with a peak output of 350 kW 470 hp and a range of approximately 6 to 8 hours Refueling for the demonstration was performed at Red River College 12 Development of the fuel cell Invero had started in late 2002 and was largely supported by Natural Resources Canada which contributed CA 3 000 000 equivalent to 3 970 000 in 2021 for the project 13 Deployment EditThe first New Flyer Invero D40i was completed at the St Cloud plant on May 7 2002 and was the first of six ordered for the St Catharines Transit Authority 2 The Invero also entered revenue service for Burlington Transit by 2003 14 The first United States transit agency to order the Invero was Community Transit serving Snohomish County Washington near Seattle the first Community Transit bus rolled off the line at St Cloud on January 11 2005 15 Community Transit ordered 33 buses which entered service in mid 2005 16 OC Transpo in Ottawa was the largest customer for the Invero 2 14 In 2003 the Lane Transit District serving Eugene Oregon announced plans to implement a bus rapid transit system using six DE60i 60 articulated Inveros then designated DE60iLF BRT emphasizing the low floor design and bus rapid transit intentions to be delivered in August 2006 17 However in July 2004 Lane announced they would be acquiring the Low Floor based DE60LF BRT later designated DE60LFA articulated buses instead 18 In 2018 the OC Transpo Inveros had reached the end of their lifecycle and were being replaced by Nova Bus LFS 19 Competition EditGillig Low Floor Neoplan AN440L Nova Bus LF Series Orion VIReferences Edit a b c d e f g D40i Diesel 40 Invero PDF New Flyer Industries September 2002 Archived from the original PDF on June 13 2004 Retrieved December 13 2018 a b c What s New New Flyer 2002 Archived from the original on October 13 2002 Retrieved December 13 2018 What s New New Flyer 1999 Archived from the original on November 27 1999 Retrieved December 13 2018 Taking Technology to New Heights Thermo King Fall 2001 Archived from the original on August 24 2004 Retrieved December 13 2018 Newsletter Convention Report Seattle in the spring PDF Motor Bus Society Summer 2014 Most CT service was provided by New Flyer D40LF s and D40LFR s but the group was pleasantly surprised to see a New Flyer Invero enter the Center The driver was very hositable upon layover and advised us that the Invero s are affectionately often referred to as beluga buses yes like the whale a b Urquhart Janet November 21 2005 RFTA bus supplier shutting down Post Independent Citizen Telegram Retrieved December 13 2018 Cash Martin September 16 2002 New Flyer CEO eyes rebound for bus maker The Globe and Mail Retrieved December 13 2018 Report of the Standing Policy Committee on Public Works dated June 25 2002 Report City of Winnipeg June 25 2002 Retrieved December 13 2018 Home Page New Flyer Industries 2003 Archived from the original on December 19 2003 Retrieved December 13 2018 Barnitt Robb Eudy Leslie August 2005 Overview of Advanced Technology Transportation 2005 Update PDF Report National Renewable Energy Laboratory p 9 Retrieved December 13 2018 Condon Scott October 27 2005 RFTA s hybrid bus trial to rev up in November The Aspen Times Retrieved December 13 2018 Hybrid Fuel Cell Bus Demonstration Advanced Technology Moves Bus Forward PDF Natural Resources Canada Retrieved December 13 2018 Behling Noriko Hikosaka 2013 7 History of proton exchange membrane fuel cells and direct methanol fuel cells Fuel Cells Current Technology Challenges and Future Research Needs Amsterdam Elsevier p 456 ISBN 978 0 444 56325 5 Retrieved December 13 2018 a b What s New New Flyer 2003 Archived from the original on December 4 2003 Retrieved December 13 2018 Campbell Joey February 1 2005 New Flyer delivers first Invero bus to the U S transit market Metro Magazine Retrieved December 13 2018 Community Transit unveils new bus The Enterprise March 3 2005 Retrieved November 29 2022 New Flyer s Invero Offers State of the Art BRT System Press release PR Newswire September 5 2003 Retrieved December 13 2018 What s New New Flyer 2004 Archived from the original on October 12 2004 Retrieved December 13 2018 Willing Jon August 1 2018 OC Transpo not pursuing new green bus technology as hybrid program runs out of gas Ottawa Citizen Retrieved December 13 2018 Wikimedia Commons has media related to New Flyer Invero External links Edit New Flyer Industries D40i Canadian Public Transit Discussion Board wiki Retrieved December 11 2018 Think Invero Think ahead PDF New Flyer Industries September 2005 Archived from the original PDF on March 17 2006 D40i Invero Report LTI Bus Research and Testing Center Altoona 2004 Retrieved December 13 2018 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title New Flyer Invero amp oldid 1124721294, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
