The Nemadi are small hunting tribe of eastern Mauritania. Their language is according to some sources a dialect of Hassaniyya, according to others a mixture of Zenaga, Soninke and Hassaniyya.[2][3] The name "Nemadi" itself appears to come from Soninke, where it means "master of dogs".
According to Robert Arnaud (1906), "around Tichit the Nemadi employ a dialect called Azeïr which is close to Soninke." Chudeau (1913), perhaps following him, adds that "We have little information on their language, which M. Delafosse classifies provisionally with Soninké." However, Brosset (1932) says that they speak Hassaniyya, and that "their special vocabulary does not consist of vocables different from Hassaniyya, but of technical terms which need has forced them to create, which are forged from Arabic, Zenaga, and maybe Azer."
Ech Chinguetti's Kitab El Wasit says that "The Nmadi speak the dialect common to all the Moors (i.e. Hassaniyya). However, they do not pronounce the final m of the affixed second person plural pronoun, so they say: as-Salam alayku ("peace be upon you") for alaikum, and kayfa haluku ("how are you?") for halukum."[citation needed]
Laforgue claims that they speak "Zenati", i.e. Berber, a claim seen by Hermans as "very improbable".[citation needed]
According to Gerteiny (1967), they speak "their own dialect, probably a mixture of Azêr [Soninke], Zenaga, and Hassaniyya, called Ikôku by the Moors. They express themselves in brief idiomatic phrases, and the language has neither singular nor plural."[citation needed]
The Ethnologue's former description of their language appears to be based solely on this source.[4] Later editions say that "The Nemadi (Ikoku) are an ethnic group of 200 (1967) that speak Hassaniyya, but they have special morphemes for dogs, hunting, and houses".[1]
Hermans' opinion is that "the language spoken by the Nemadi in general (there may remain some Azer-speaking Nemadi) is Hassaniyya. But one must recognize certain peculiarities", including the lack of plural, certain argot-like expressions (cf. Fondacci), and the technical terms (cf. Brosset, Fondacci, Gabus.)[citation needed]
^ abHassaniyya at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^Christopher Moseley, Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, Routledge, 2007, ISBN978-0-7007-1197-0 p. 623: No data exists on this language. It is not unlikely that the language can be linked to Azer, Zenaga, Soninke and/or Hassaniya
^Muriel Devey, La Mauritanie, KARTHALA Editions, 2005 ISBN978-2-84586-583-9, p.39: "leur langue est un mélange d'hassaniya, de zenaga et d'azer"
^Nemadi entry in the Languages of Mali 2007-09-29 at the Wayback Machine, 13th edition (1996)
Bibliographyedit
Robert Arnaud, 1906. "Chasseurs et pêcheurs du Tagant et du Hodh", in La Géographie, vol. 16.
Capt. Diégo Brosset 1932, "Les Némadi", in Bulletin de l'Afrique de l'Ouest Française.
Sid Ahmad Lamine ech-Chinguetti 1911. Kitab al-Wasît. Cairo.
Raymond Chudeau 1913. "Peuples du sahara central et occidental", in l’Anthropologie.
Capt. P. H. Fondacci 1945. "Les Némadis" (Mémoire du CHEAM n° 1009).
Jean Gabus 1951. "Contribution à l’étude des Némadis", in Bull. Soc. Suisse d’ Anthropologie-Neuchâtel.
Jean-Michel Hermans, Les NEMADIS, chasseurs-cueilleurs du désert mauritanien
Pierre Laforgue 1926. "Une fraction non musulmane : les Némadi", in Bulletin de l'Afrique de l'Ouest Française.
April 16, 2024
nemadi, dialect, nemadi, small, hunting, tribe, eastern, mauritania, their, language, according, some, sources, dialect, hassaniyya, according, others, mixture, zenaga, soninke, hassaniyya, name, nemadi, itself, appears, come, from, soninke, where, means, mast. The Nemadi are small hunting tribe of eastern Mauritania Their language is according to some sources a dialect of Hassaniyya according to others a mixture of Zenaga Soninke and Hassaniyya 2 3 The name Nemadi itself appears to come from Soninke where it means master of dogs NemadiIkokuNative toMali MauritaniaRegionTimbuktu into MauritaniaNative speakers 200 cited 1967 1 Language familyAfro Asiatic SemiticCentral SemiticArabicMaghrebiHassaniyyaNemadiLanguage codesISO 639 3 GlottologNone Contents 1 Accounts of the language 2 See also 3 In literature 4 References 5 BibliographyAccounts of the language editAccording to Robert Arnaud 1906 around Tichit the Nemadi employ a dialect called Azeir which is close to Soninke Chudeau 1913 perhaps following him adds that We have little information on their language which M Delafosse classifies provisionally with Soninke However Brosset 1932 says that they speak Hassaniyya and that their special vocabulary does not consist of vocables different from Hassaniyya but of technical terms which need has forced them to create which are forged from Arabic Zenaga and maybe Azer Ech Chinguetti s Kitab El Wasit says that The Nmadi speak the dialect common to all the Moors i e Hassaniyya However they do not pronounce the final m of the affixed second person plural pronoun so they say as Salam alayku peace be upon you for alaikum and kayfa haluku how are you for halukum citation needed Laforgue claims that they speak Zenati i e Berber a claim seen by Hermans as very improbable citation needed According to Gerteiny 1967 they speak their own dialect probably a mixture of Azer Soninke Zenaga and Hassaniyya called Ikoku by the Moors They express themselves in brief idiomatic phrases and the language has neither singular nor plural citation needed The Ethnologue s former description of their language appears to be based solely on this source 4 Later editions say that The Nemadi Ikoku are an ethnic group of 200 1967 that speak Hassaniyya but they have special morphemes for dogs hunting and houses 1 Hermans opinion is that the language spoken by the Nemadi in general there may remain some Azer speaking Nemadi is Hassaniyya But one must recognize certain peculiarities including the lack of plural certain argot like expressions cf Fondacci and the technical terms cf Brosset Fondacci Gabus citation needed See also editImraguen peopleIn literature editThe Nemadi feature in a side story in Bruce Chatwin s semi fictional book The Songlines about Aboriginal Australians References edit a b Hassaniyya at Ethnologue 18th ed 2015 subscription required Christopher Moseley Encyclopedia of the World s Endangered Languages Routledge 2007 ISBN 978 0 7007 1197 0 p 623 No data exists on this language It is not unlikely that the language can be linked to Azer Zenaga Soninke and or Hassaniya Muriel Devey La Mauritanie KARTHALA Editions 2005 ISBN 978 2 84586 583 9 p 39 leur langue est un melange d hassaniya de zenaga et d azer Nemadi entry in the Languages of Mali Archived 2007 09 29 at the Wayback Machine 13th edition 1996 Bibliography editRobert Arnaud 1906 Chasseurs et pecheurs du Tagant et du Hodh in La Geographie vol 16 Capt Diego Brosset 1932 Les Nemadi in Bulletin de l Afrique de l Ouest Francaise Sid Ahmad Lamine ech Chinguetti 1911 Kitab al Wasit Cairo Raymond Chudeau 1913 Peuples du sahara central et occidental in l Anthropologie Capt P H Fondacci 1945 Les Nemadis Memoire du CHEAM n 1009 Jean Gabus 1951 Contribution a l etude des Nemadis in Bull Soc Suisse d Anthropologie Neuchatel Alfred G Gerteiny 1967 Mauritania Frederic A Praeger Jean Michel Hermans Les NEMADIS chasseurs cueilleurs du desert mauritanien Pierre Laforgue 1926 Une fraction non musulmane les Nemadi in Bulletin de l Afrique de l Ouest Francaise Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nemadi dialect amp oldid 1128887200, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
