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Music of Uzbekistan

April 06, 2024

The music of Uzbekistan has reflected the diverse influences that have shaped the country. It is very similar to the music of the Middle East and is characterized by complicated rhythms and meters.[1] Because of the long history of music in the country and the large variety of music styles and musical instruments, Uzbekistan is often regarded as one of the most musically diverse countries in Central Asia.[2]

Classical music of Uzbekistan edit

The music of what is now Uzbekistan has a very long and rich history.[3] Shashmaqam, a Central Asian classical music style, is believed to have arisen in the cities of Bukhara and Samarqand in the late 16th century.[4] The term "shashmaqam" translates as six maqams and refers to the structure of music with six sections in different musical modes, similar to classical Persian traditional music. Interludes of spoken Sufi poetry interrupt the music, typically beginning at a low register and gradually ascending to a climax before calming back down to the beginning tone.

After Turkestan became part of the Russian Empire in the 19th century, first attempts were taken to record national melodies of Turkestan. Russian musicians helped preserve these melodies by introducing musical notation in the region.

In the 1950s, Uzbek folk music became less popular, and the genre was barred from radio stations by the Soviets. They did not completely dispel the music. Although banned, folk musical groups continued to play their music in their own ways and spread it individually.[5] After Uzbekistan gained independence from the USSR in the early 1990s, public interest revived in traditional Uzbek music. Nowadays Uzbek television and radio stations regularly play traditional music.

The people's Artist of Uzbekistan Turgun Alimatov is an Uzbek classical and folklore composer, and tanbur, dutar, and sato player. His compositions include "Segah", "Chorgoh", "Buzruk", "Navo", and "Tanovar". His image is associated with national pride and has been presented as the symbol of Uzbek classical music to the world.[6]

Another well-known Uzbek composer is Muhammadjon Mirzayev. His most famous compositions include "Bahor valsi" ("The Spring Waltz") and "Sarvinoz". "Bahor valsi" is played on Uzbek television and radio channels every spring.

Sherali Joʻrayev is a singer of traditional Uzbek music. However, he has fallen out of favour with the Uzbek government, who have banned his performances on Uzbek TV as well as his public performances since 2002.[7][8] He still performs at Uzbek wedding parties and in other countries to popular acclaim.

In recent years, singers such as Yulduz Usmonova and Sevara Nazarkhan have brought Uzbek music to global audiences by mixing traditional melodies with modern rhythms and instrumentation.[2] In the late 2000s, Ozodbek Nazarbekov mixed contemporary music with elements of traditional Uzbek music.

Western Classical music in Uzbekistan edit

Uzbekistan has also produced many notable composers and performers in the European classical art music idiom, and is home to notable symphony orchestras, festivals,[9] and contemporary music ensembles.[10] The State Conservatory of Uzbekistan, based in Tashkent and founded in 1936, is the nation's leading higher education institution for the professional training of musicians.

Contemporary music of Uzbekistan edit

Many forms of popular music, including folk music, pop, and rock music, have particularly flourished in Uzbekistan since the early 1990s. Uzbek pop music is well developed, and enjoys mainstream success via pop music media and various radio stations.

Many Uzbek singers such as Sevara Nazarkhan and Sogdiana Fedorinskaya, Rayhon Ganieva have achieved commercial success not only in Uzbekistan but also in other CIS countries such as Kazakhstan, Russia, and Tajikistan.

Rock edit

 
All Tomorrow's Parties performing live at IlkhomRockFest, June 22, 2013

Currently rock music enjoys less popularity than pop music in Uzbekistan.

An Uzbekistani metal band who has some degree of recognition is Night Wind, a folk metal group. Other Uzbekistani metal groups include Iced Warm, Salupa, Zindan, and Agoniya (Russian: Агония).[11]

Rap edit

Rap music has become popular among Uzbek youth. Rappers such as Shoxrux became very popular among young people in the 2000s. However, the Uzbek government censors rap music. It has set up a special body to censor rap music because it believes this type of music does not fit the Uzbek musical culture.[12]

Musicians edit

Artists and bands edit

Uzbek artists edit

 
Lola Yoʻldosheva
 
Rayhon Gʻaniyeva

Uzbek bands edit

Composers in the western classical tradition edit

Instruments edit

 
Soviet postage stamp depicting musical instruments of Uzbekistan

Many musical instruments are played in Uzbekistan. Traditional instruments include:[13]

String edit

 
Gydzhak or Gʻijjak spike fiddles in Russian Turkestan
  • Dutor (long-necked fretted lute)
  • Rubob (long-necked fretted lute)
  • Tanbur (long-necked fretted lute)
  • Tor (long-necked fretted lute)
  • Ud (long-necked fretted lute)
  • Gʻijjak (spike fiddle)
  • Chang (struck zither)

Wind edit

Percussion edit

 
Zang, braclet of bells from Uzbekistan
  • Doira (frame drum)
  • Dovul (drum)
  • Nogʻora (pot-shaped drum covered with leather on the top)
  • Qoshiq (spoons)
  • Zang (bracelets)

References edit

  1. ^ Fierman, William. "Uzbekistan." Microsoft Student 2009 [DVD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2008
  2. ^ a b Levin, Theodore. "Uzbekistan". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 29 January 2013. Retrieved 14 October 2012.
  3. ^ Broughton, Simon; Razia Sultanova (2000). "Bards of the Golden Road". In Simon Broughton; Mark Ellingham; James McConnachie; Orla Duane (eds.). World Music, Vol. 2: Latin & North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific. Penguin Books. pp. 24–31. ISBN 1-85828-636-0.
  4. ^ Mamadjanova, Elnora (2016). Traditional Music of the Uzbeks. Tashkent: Extremum Press.
  5. ^ Levin, Theodore (1997). The Hundred Thousand Fools of God: Musical Travels in Central Asia (and Queens, New York. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0253332066.
  6. ^ Matyakubov, O. "A Traditional Musician in Modern Society: A Case Study of Turgun Alimatov's Art". Yearbook for Traditional Music 25 (1993), pp. 60-66.
  7. ^ "The Art of Propaganda". EurasiaNet. 7 October 2009. Retrieved 30 January 2012.
  8. ^ "Uzbekistan: National Singer Sherali Joʻrayev is Sixty. His Concerts - Banned by Authorities". Ferghana News (in Russian). 26 April 2007. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
  9. ^ Mamadjanova, Elnora and Hebert, David G. (2022). Music Festivals and Cultural Diplomacy in Uzbekistan. In David G. Hebert and Jonathan McCollum, (Eds.), "Ethnomusicology and Cultural Diplomacy". Lexington Books (Rowman & Littlefield), pp.77-92. ISBN 9781793642912
  10. ^ Lisack, Lucille. (2018). A National School for Global Music: The Case of Uzbekistan in the Globalized Network of Western-Style “Contemporary Music”. In David G. Hebert & Mikolaj Rykowski, eds., Music Glocalization: Heritage and Innovation in a Digital Age. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars, p.190-217.
  11. ^ "Bands by Country: Uzbekistan". Metal Archives. Retrieved 19 April 2013.
  12. ^ Fitzpatrick, Catherine (21 April 2011). "Uzbek Government Censors Rap Music". Euriasianet. Retrieved 25 October 2012.
  13. ^ . Sairam. Archived from the original on 29 March 2010. Retrieved 14 October 2012.

External links edit

  • , Website dedicated to modern popular Uzbek music
  • Uzbek Classical Music, Website dedicated to traditional Uzbek music
  • , Oriental Express
  • by Mark Dickens, Oxus Communications
  • Uzbek musical instruments, the Museum of Applied Arts of Uzbekistan
  • Listen to the sounds of Uzbek musical instruments, Tours of Uzbekistan
  • Eurasian music science journal, scientific journal of music research founded by The state conservatory of Uzbekistan

April 06, 2024
music, uzbekistan, music, uzbekistan, reflected, diverse, influences, that, have, shaped, country, very, similar, music, middle, east, characterized, complicated, rhythms, meters, because, long, history, music, country, large, variety, music, styles, musical, . The music of Uzbekistan has reflected the diverse influences that have shaped the country It is very similar to the music of the Middle East and is characterized by complicated rhythms and meters 1 Because of the long history of music in the country and the large variety of music styles and musical instruments Uzbekistan is often regarded as one of the most musically diverse countries in Central Asia 2 Contents 1 Classical music of Uzbekistan 2 Western Classical music in Uzbekistan 3 Contemporary music of Uzbekistan 3 1 Rock 3 2 Rap 4 Musicians 5 Artists and bands 5 1 Uzbek artists 5 2 Uzbek bands 6 Composers in the western classical tradition 7 Instruments 7 1 String 7 2 Wind 7 3 Percussion 8 References 9 External linksClassical music of Uzbekistan editThe music of what is now Uzbekistan has a very long and rich history 3 Shashmaqam a Central Asian classical music style is believed to have arisen in the cities of Bukhara and Samarqand in the late 16th century 4 The term shashmaqam translates as six maqams and refers to the structure of music with six sections in different musical modes similar to classical Persian traditional music Interludes of spoken Sufi poetry interrupt the music typically beginning at a low register and gradually ascending to a climax before calming back down to the beginning tone After Turkestan became part of the Russian Empire in the 19th century first attempts were taken to record national melodies of Turkestan Russian musicians helped preserve these melodies by introducing musical notation in the region In the 1950s Uzbek folk music became less popular and the genre was barred from radio stations by the Soviets They did not completely dispel the music Although banned folk musical groups continued to play their music in their own ways and spread it individually 5 After Uzbekistan gained independence from the USSR in the early 1990s public interest revived in traditional Uzbek music Nowadays Uzbek television and radio stations regularly play traditional music The people s Artist of Uzbekistan Turgun Alimatov is an Uzbek classical and folklore composer and tanbur dutar and sato player His compositions include Segah Chorgoh Buzruk Navo and Tanovar His image is associated with national pride and has been presented as the symbol of Uzbek classical music to the world 6 Another well known Uzbek composer is Muhammadjon Mirzayev His most famous compositions include Bahor valsi The Spring Waltz and Sarvinoz Bahor valsi is played on Uzbek television and radio channels every spring Sherali Joʻrayev is a singer of traditional Uzbek music However he has fallen out of favour with the Uzbek government who have banned his performances on Uzbek TV as well as his public performances since 2002 7 8 He still performs at Uzbek wedding parties and in other countries to popular acclaim In recent years singers such as Yulduz Usmonova and Sevara Nazarkhan have brought Uzbek music to global audiences by mixing traditional melodies with modern rhythms and instrumentation 2 In the late 2000s Ozodbek Nazarbekov mixed contemporary music with elements of traditional Uzbek music Western Classical music in Uzbekistan editUzbekistan has also produced many notable composers and performers in the European classical art music idiom and is home to notable symphony orchestras festivals 9 and contemporary music ensembles 10 The State Conservatory of Uzbekistan based in Tashkent and founded in 1936 is the nation s leading higher education institution for the professional training of musicians Contemporary music of Uzbekistan editMany forms of popular music including folk music pop and rock music have particularly flourished in Uzbekistan since the early 1990s Uzbek pop music is well developed and enjoys mainstream success via pop music media and various radio stations Many Uzbek singers such as Sevara Nazarkhan and Sogdiana Fedorinskaya Rayhon Ganieva have achieved commercial success not only in Uzbekistan but also in other CIS countries such as Kazakhstan Russia and Tajikistan Rock edit nbsp All Tomorrow s Parties performing live at IlkhomRockFest June 22 2013Currently rock music enjoys less popularity than pop music in Uzbekistan An Uzbekistani metal band who has some degree of recognition is Night Wind a folk metal group Other Uzbekistani metal groups include Iced Warm Salupa Zindan and Agoniya Russian Agoniya 11 Rap edit Rap music has become popular among Uzbek youth Rappers such as Shoxrux became very popular among young people in the 2000s However the Uzbek government censors rap music It has set up a special body to censor rap music because it believes this type of music does not fit the Uzbek musical culture 12 Musicians editAri Babakhanov Lola AstanovaArtists and bands editUzbek artists edit nbsp Lola YoʻldoshevaAlisher Uzoqov Botir Zokirov Eson Kandov Daler Xonzoda Feruza Jumaniyozova nbsp Rayhon GʻaniyevaLola Yoʻldosheva Rayhon Sevara NazarkhanUzbek bands edit Bolalar Dado YallaComposers in the western classical tradition editDilorom Saidaminova Dmitri Yanov Yanovsky Felix Yanov Yanovsky Mirsodiq Tojiyev Mutavakkil Burhonov Polina MedyulyanovaInstruments edit nbsp Soviet postage stamp depicting musical instruments of UzbekistanMany musical instruments are played in Uzbekistan Traditional instruments include 13 String edit nbsp Gydzhak or Gʻijjak spike fiddles in Russian TurkestanDutor long necked fretted lute Rubob long necked fretted lute Tanbur long necked fretted lute Tor long necked fretted lute Ud long necked fretted lute Gʻijjak spike fiddle Chang struck zither Wind edit Dili tuiduk Karnay long trumpet Nay side blown flute Qoʻshnay clarinetlike instrument made from reed Surnay loud oboe Percussion edit nbsp Zang braclet of bells from UzbekistanDoira frame drum Dovul drum Nogʻora pot shaped drum covered with leather on the top Qoshiq spoons Zang bracelets References edit Fierman William Uzbekistan Microsoft Student 2009 DVD Redmond WA Microsoft Corporation 2008 a b Levin Theodore Uzbekistan National Geographic Archived from the original on 29 January 2013 Retrieved 14 October 2012 Broughton Simon Razia Sultanova 2000 Bards of the Golden Road In Simon Broughton Mark Ellingham James McConnachie Orla Duane eds World Music Vol 2 Latin amp North America Caribbean India Asia and Pacific Penguin Books pp 24 31 ISBN 1 85828 636 0 Mamadjanova Elnora 2016 Traditional Music of the Uzbeks Tashkent Extremum Press Levin Theodore 1997 The Hundred Thousand Fools of God Musical Travels in Central Asia and Queens New York Indiana University Press ISBN 978 0253332066 Matyakubov O A Traditional Musician in Modern Society A Case Study of Turgun Alimatov s Art Yearbook for Traditional Music 25 1993 pp 60 66 The Art of Propaganda EurasiaNet 7 October 2009 Retrieved 30 January 2012 Uzbekistan National Singer Sherali Joʻrayev is Sixty His Concerts Banned by Authorities Ferghana News in Russian 26 April 2007 Retrieved 29 January 2012 Mamadjanova Elnora and Hebert David G 2022 Music Festivals and Cultural Diplomacy in Uzbekistan In David G Hebert and Jonathan McCollum Eds Ethnomusicology and Cultural Diplomacy Lexington Books Rowman amp Littlefield pp 77 92 ISBN 9781793642912 Lisack Lucille 2018 A National School for Global Music The Case of Uzbekistan in the Globalized Network of Western Style Contemporary Music In David G Hebert amp Mikolaj Rykowski eds Music Glocalization Heritage and Innovation in a Digital Age Newcastle Cambridge Scholars p 190 217 Bands by Country Uzbekistan Metal Archives Retrieved 19 April 2013 Fitzpatrick Catherine 21 April 2011 Uzbek Government Censors Rap Music Euriasianet Retrieved 25 October 2012 Uzbek musical instruments Sairam Archived from the original on 29 March 2010 Retrieved 14 October 2012 External links editUzbek Modern Music Website dedicated to modern popular Uzbek music Uzbek Classical Music Website dedicated to traditional Uzbek music History of Uzbek music Oriental Express Uzbek Music by Mark Dickens Oxus Communications Uzbek musical instruments the Museum of Applied Arts of Uzbekistan Listen to the sounds of Uzbek musical instruments Tours of Uzbekistan Eurasian music science journal scientific journal of music research founded by The state conservatory of Uzbekistan Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Music of Uzbekistan amp oldid 1208632686, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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