The Pellendones (also known as Pelendones Celtiberorum[1] or Cerindones[2]) were an ancient pre-Roman Celtic people living on the Iberian Peninsula. From the early 4th century BC they inhabited the region near the source of the river Duero[3] in what today is north-central Spain. The area comprises the north of Soria, the southeast of Burgos and the southwest of La Rioja provinces.
Possibly of mixed Illyrian and Celtic origin, the Pellendones migrated to the Iberian Peninsula around the 4th Century BC.[4][5] Their original native name might have been *Kellendones[6] and it is believed[by whom?] that they were related to the Gallic Belendi or Pelendi of the middle Sigmatis (today's Leyre) river valley (approximately today's Belin-Béliet territory) in Gallia (Gaul). [7] They spoke a 'Q-Celtic' language.
Culture
A predominantly stock-raising people that practiced transhumance in the grazing lowlands of the Ebro valley, they had their capital at Visontium (Vinuesa – Soria), and are credited as being the original founders of Numantia (Muela de Garray – Soria)[8] and Savia (Soria?). They also controlled the towns of Aregrada (Ágreda? – Sória; Celtiberian mints: Areicoraticos/Arecorataz), Arenetum (Arnedo, near Inestrillas – La Rioja), Quelia/Quelium (Quel, near Arnedo – La Rioja; Celtiberian mint: Cueliocos) and Contrebia Leukade (Aguillar del Rio Alhama – La Rioja), although the location of Viscintium, Lutia (Cantalucia?), Olibia and Varia remains either incertain or unknown.
History
Closely related with both the Arevaci – to whom they were a dependant tribe, though regarded as a separated people[9] – and the Vettones, they threw off the Arevacian yoke possibly with Roman help in the late 2nd century BC, receiving the town of Numantia and respective lands when the Romans partitioned the territory of the defeated Arevaci amongst their neighbours.[10] However, they lost these lands to the Uraci after supporting the ill-fated early 1st Century BC anti-Roman uprisings in Celtiberia (the 4th Celtiberian War).[11] Later during the Sertorian Wars, they sided with Quintus Sertorius and provided unspecified troops to his army.[12]
Romanization
In the late 1st Century BC, the Pellendones were aggregated to the new Hispania Terraconensis province created by Emperor Augustus, who founded the Roman colony of Augustobriga (Muro de Ágreda) in their territory.
Ángel Montenegro et alii, Historia de España 2 - colonizaciones y formación de los pueblos prerromanos (1200-218 a.C), Editorial Gredos, Madrid (1989) ISBN84-249-1386-8
Francisco Burillo Mozota, Los Celtíberos, etnias y estados, Crítica, Barcelona (1998, revised edition 2007) ISBN84-7423-891-9
Leonard A Curchin (5 May 2004). The Romanization of Central Spain: Complexity, Diversity and Change in a Provincial Hinterland. Routledge. pp. 37–. ISBN978-1-134-45112-8.
Further reading
Juan Pedro Benito Batanero, Carlos Tabernero Galán, Alberto Sanz Aragonés & Ramón Guillén López, Pelendones – castros célticos en la serranía norte de Soria: guía arqueológica, Asopiva y Proynerso, Soria (2006) ISBN9788473596121
pellendones, also, known, pelendones, celtiberorum, cerindones, were, ancient, roman, celtic, people, living, iberian, peninsula, from, early, century, they, inhabited, region, near, source, river, duero, what, today, north, central, spain, area, comprises, no. The Pellendones also known as Pelendones Celtiberorum 1 or Cerindones 2 were an ancient pre Roman Celtic people living on the Iberian Peninsula From the early 4th century BC they inhabited the region near the source of the river Duero 3 in what today is north central Spain The area comprises the north of Soria the southeast of Burgos and the southwest of La Rioja provinces The Iberian Peninsula in the 3rd century BC Contents 1 Origins 2 Culture 3 History 3 1 Romanization 4 See also 5 Notes 6 Bibliography 6 1 Further reading 7 External linksOrigins EditPossibly of mixed Illyrian and Celtic origin the Pellendones migrated to the Iberian Peninsula around the 4th Century BC 4 5 Their original native name might have been Kellendones 6 and it is believed by whom that they were related to the Gallic Belendi or Pelendi of the middle Sigmatis today s Leyre river valley approximately today s Belin Beliet territory in Gallia Gaul 7 They spoke a Q Celtic language Culture EditA predominantly stock raising people that practiced transhumance in the grazing lowlands of the Ebro valley they had their capital at Visontium Vinuesa Soria and are credited as being the original founders of Numantia Muela de Garray Soria 8 and Savia Soria They also controlled the towns of Aregrada Agreda Soria Celtiberian mints Areicoraticos Arecorataz Arenetum Arnedo near Inestrillas La Rioja Quelia Quelium Quel near Arnedo La Rioja Celtiberian mint Cueliocos and Contrebia Leukade Aguillar del Rio Alhama La Rioja although the location of Viscintium Lutia Cantalucia Olibia and Varia remains either incertain or unknown History EditClosely related with both the Arevaci to whom they were a dependant tribe though regarded as a separated people 9 and the Vettones they threw off the Arevacian yoke possibly with Roman help in the late 2nd century BC receiving the town of Numantia and respective lands when the Romans partitioned the territory of the defeated Arevaci amongst their neighbours 10 However they lost these lands to the Uraci after supporting the ill fated early 1st Century BC anti Roman uprisings in Celtiberia the 4th Celtiberian War 11 Later during the Sertorian Wars they sided with Quintus Sertorius and provided unspecified troops to his army 12 Romanization Edit In the late 1st Century BC the Pellendones were aggregated to the new Hispania Terraconensis province created by Emperor Augustus who founded the Roman colony of Augustobriga Muro de Agreda in their territory See also EditCeltiberian confederacy Celtiberian script Celtiberian Wars Illyrians Numantine War Pre Roman peoples of the Iberian PeninsulaNotes Edit Pliny the Elder Historia Naturalis III 26 Livy Fragmenta Librii 91 Pliny the Elder Historia Naturalis III 26 Pliny the Elder Historia Naturalis III 29 Strabo Geographikon III 4 12 Curchin The Romanization of Central Spain p 37 Albertos Mª L 1976 La antroponimia prerromana de la Peninsula Iberica Pliny the Elder Historia Naturalis III 26 Livy Fragment 18 Appian Iberike 99 Motoza Los Celtiberos etnias y estados 1998 revised edition 2007 pp 194 195 Livy Fragmenta Librii 91 Bibliography EditAngel Montenegro et alii Historia de Espana 2 colonizaciones y formacion de los pueblos prerromanos 1200 218 a C Editorial Gredos Madrid 1989 ISBN 84 249 1386 8 Francisco Burillo Mozota Los Celtiberos etnias y estados Critica Barcelona 1998 revised edition 2007 ISBN 84 7423 891 9 Leonard A Curchin 5 May 2004 The Romanization of Central Spain Complexity Diversity and Change in a Provincial Hinterland Routledge pp 37 ISBN 978 1 134 45112 8 Further reading Edit Juan Pedro Benito Batanero Carlos Tabernero Galan Alberto Sanz Aragones amp Ramon Guillen Lopez Pelendones castros celticos en la serrania norte de Soria guia arqueologica Asopiva y Proynerso Soria 2006 ISBN 9788473596121External links Edithttp www celtiberiasoria es http www celtiberia net http www pelendonia net Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pellendones amp oldid 1127411278, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
