Muhammad Ghawth (Ghouse,[1]Ghaus or Gwath[2][3]) Gwaliyari (1500–1562) was a 16th-century Sufi master of the Shattari order and Sufi saint, a musician,[4] and the author of Jawahir-i Khams (Arabic: al-Jawahir al-Khams, The Five Jewels). The book mentioning the life and miracles of Gaus named " Heaven's witness" was written by Kugle.[5]
Muhammad Ghawth was born in Gwalior, India in 1500; the name Gwaliyari means "of Gwalior". One of his ancestors was Fariduddin Attar of Nishapur.[6] In the preface of al-Jawahir al-Khams, he states that he wrote the book when he was 25 years old. In 1549 he travelled to Gujarat, when he was 50 years old. He stayed in Ahmedabad for ten years where he founded Ek Toda Mosque and preached.[7]
Ghawth translated the Amrtakunda from Sanskrit to Persian as the Bahr al-Hayat (The Ocean of Life), introducing to Sufism a set of yoga practices. According to the scholar Carl W. Ernst, in this "translation", Ghawth intentionally reframed these practices with great subtlety to identify "points of contact between the terminologies of Yoga and Sufism".[8]
Ghawth died in Gwalior in 1562.[9] His followers believed that he ascended to heaven and from there was able to direct help down to them; and further, that he was the "axial saint, the pivot of the universe".[9][10]
"Among Ghawth's disciples is Fazl Allah Shattari (also known as Shah Fazl Shattari),[11] who wrote a biography[12] or monograph[13] in praise of his teacher.[13] Gwawth taught the Mughal EmperorHumayun.[14][15] Akbar's court musician Tansen was also familiar with Sufism.[4] Badusha, Abdul Qadir, Shahul Hamid Meeran sahib Ganjasavoy Ganja bakhsh Ganja makhfi of nagore Tamil Nadu and Wajihudden Haidar Ali Sani Hussaini Ulvi Gujrati is also one his important disciple. Muhammad Ghawth died in 1562 CE.[15] Ghawth's tomb, in Gwalior (a city in Madhya Pradesh in India), which was built in his honour by Akbar,[15] is a well-known tourist attraction and regarded as an excellent example of Mughal Architecture. Tansen was buried in Ghawth's tomb complex.[4]"
His tomb at Gwalior is famous of its stone lattices (jali) work.[16] The entire structure is enclosed on all sides by the elaborately and delicately carved stone lattice work.[17]
Ghawth's Jawahir al-Khams
Ghawth's tomb in Gwalior
South-east view of tomb
Sufi saeed Ali Shah was the former caretaker of the shrine.[18]
Worksedit
Jawahir-i-Khamsa (The Five Jewels) which was later translated to Arabic, al-Jawahir al-Khams, by the Mecca-based Shattari teacher Sibghat Allah (d. 1606 CE).[8] In this book Gaus also mentioned about the special creatures known as "Muakkil" which comes under the control of sufis by special Islam chant.[19]
Bahr al-Hayat (The Ocean of Life), his translation and extension of Hawd al-Hayat (The Pool of Life), an Arabic translation of a lost Sanskrit text on yoga, the Amrtakunda.[20]
^ abcWade, Bonnie C. (1998). Imaging Sound: An Ethnomusicological Study of Music, Art, and Culture in Mughal India (Chicago Studies in Ethnomusicology). University of Chicago Press. pp. 113–115. ISBN0-226-86840-0. See google book search.
^A. Azfar, Moin. The millennial sovereign : sacred kingship and sainthood in Islam.
^"Muḥammad G̲h̲awt̲h̲ Gwaliyārī". Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.). Brill. 24 April 2012. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
^Achyut Yagnik (2 February 2011). Ahmedabad: From Royal city to Megacity. Penguin Books. p. 42. ISBN978-81-8475-473-5.
^ abErnst, Carl W. (1996). (PDF). Sufi. 29 (Spring 1996): 9–13. Archived from the original on 8 September 2008.
^ abKugle, Scott (July 2014). "Body Refined: The Eyes of Muhammad Ghawth". Sufis & Saints' Bodies. North Carolina University Press. pp. 123–180. doi:10.5149/9780807872772_kugle.10. ISBN9780807830819.
^Kugle, Scott A. (2003). "Heaven's Witness: The Uses and Abuses of Muḥammad Ghawth's Mystical Ascension". Journal of Islamic Studies. 14 (1, January 2003): 1–36. doi:10.1093/jis/14.1.1. JSTOR 26199837. PMC4199356. PMID 25373148.
^Ernst, Carl W. (1996). (PDF). University of North Carolina. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 September 2008. Retrieved 5 August 2009. Reproduced from Sufi 29 (Spring 1996), pp 9-13.
^Chopra, Dr. Pran Nath, ed. (1976). "Life and Letters Under the Mughals". Ashajanak Publications (New Delhi). Retrieved 5 August 2009. See Open library details.
^ abHadi, Nabi (1998). Dictionary of Indo-Persian literature. Abhinav Publications. pp. 178–179. ISBN81-7017-311-6. See google book search.
^Yasin, Mohammad (1988). Reading in Indian History. Atlantic Publishers & Distributors (New Delhi). p. 42. No ISBN. ASIN: B0006ERVCA.
^ abcHastings, James (author) and Selbie, John A. (editor) (2003). Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics, Part 21. Kessinger Publishing, LLC. p. 69. ISBN0-7661-3700-7. {{cite book}}: |first= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) See google book search.
^Nonperiodic Octagonal Patterns from a Jali Screen in the Mausoleum of Muhammad Ghaus in Gwalior and Their Periodic Relatives, Emil Makovicky & Nicolette M. Makovicky , Nexus Network Journal volume 19, pages101–120 (2017)
^Jaalis Lattice Screens of India, Asavari Mohdiwale, Smita Agrawal, JETIR May 2021, Volume 8, Issue 5
^Annals of Oriental Research - Volume 32, Part 1 - Page 63.
^Ernst, Carl W. (2016). Chapter 8: Sufism and Yoga according to Muhammad Ghawth. pp. 121–129. ISBN978-93-5150-964-6. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
External linksedit
Silsila e Shuttariya
October 27, 2023
muhammad, ghawth, tennis, player, ghaus, mohammad, ghouse, ghaus, gwath, gwaliyari, 1500, 1562, 16th, century, sufi, master, shattari, order, sufi, saint, musician, author, jawahir, khams, arabic, jawahir, khams, five, jewels, book, mentioning, life, miracles,. For the tennis player see Ghaus Mohammad Muhammad Ghawth Ghouse 1 Ghaus or Gwath 2 3 Gwaliyari 1500 1562 was a 16th century Sufi master of the Shattari order and Sufi saint a musician 4 and the author of Jawahir i Khams Arabic al Jawahir al Khams The Five Jewels The book mentioning the life and miracles of Gaus named Heaven s witness was written by Kugle 5 Muhammad GhawthPersonalBornMuhammad Ghawth Gwaliyari1500 1500 Gwalior IndiaDied1562 aged 61 62 GwaliorOccupationMaster of Suffism author musicianRelativesAttar of Nishapur ancestor Senior postingSuccessorAli Sher BengaliStudents Ali Sher Bengali Shah Manjhan Wajihuddin Alvi Nagore Shahul HamidMuhammad GhawthMonumentsTomb of Mohammad Guaz ASI N MP 147 Contents 1 Biography 2 Tomb at Gwalior 3 Works 4 References 5 External linksBiography editMuhammad Ghawth was born in Gwalior India in 1500 the name Gwaliyari means of Gwalior One of his ancestors was Fariduddin Attar of Nishapur 6 In the preface of al Jawahir al Khams he states that he wrote the book when he was 25 years old In 1549 he travelled to Gujarat when he was 50 years old He stayed in Ahmedabad for ten years where he founded Ek Toda Mosque and preached 7 Ghawth translated the Amrtakunda from Sanskrit to Persian as the Bahr al Hayat The Ocean of Life introducing to Sufism a set of yoga practices According to the scholar Carl W Ernst in this translation Ghawth intentionally reframed these practices with great subtlety to identify points of contact between the terminologies of Yoga and Sufism 8 Ghawth died in Gwalior in 1562 9 His followers believed that he ascended to heaven and from there was able to direct help down to them and further that he was the axial saint the pivot of the universe 9 10 Among Ghawth s disciples is Fazl Allah Shattari also known as Shah Fazl Shattari 11 who wrote a biography 12 or monograph 13 in praise of his teacher 13 Gwawth taught the Mughal Emperor Humayun 14 15 Akbar s court musician Tansen was also familiar with Sufism 4 Badusha Abdul Qadir Shahul Hamid Meeran sahib Ganjasavoy Ganja bakhsh Ganja makhfi of nagore Tamil Nadu and Wajihudden Haidar Ali Sani Hussaini Ulvi Gujrati is also one his important disciple Muhammad Ghawth died in 1562 CE 15 Ghawth s tomb in Gwalior a city in Madhya Pradesh in India which was built in his honour by Akbar 15 is a well known tourist attraction and regarded as an excellent example of Mughal Architecture Tansen was buried in Ghawth s tomb complex 4 Tomb at Gwalior editHis tomb at Gwalior is famous of its stone lattices jali work 16 The entire structure is enclosed on all sides by the elaborately and delicately carved stone lattice work 17 nbsp Ghawth s Jawahir al Khams nbsp Ghawth s tomb in Gwalior nbsp South east view of tombSufi saeed Ali Shah was the former caretaker of the shrine 18 Works editJawahir i Khamsa The Five Jewels which was later translated to Arabic al Jawahir al Khams by the Mecca based Shattari teacher Sibghat Allah d 1606 CE 8 In this book Gaus also mentioned about the special creatures known as Muakkil which comes under the control of sufis by special Islam chant 19 Bahr al Hayat The Ocean of Life his translation and extension of Hawd al Hayat The Pool of Life an Arabic translation of a lost Sanskrit text on yoga the Amrtakunda 20 References edit Shattari Idries Shah The Sufis ISBN 0 86304 020 9 Octagon Press 1989 pp 335 367 Idries Shah Tales of the Dervishes ISBN 0 900860 47 2 Octagon Press 1993 pp 111 112 a b c Wade Bonnie C 1998 Imaging Sound An Ethnomusicological Study of Music Art and Culture in Mughal India Chicago Studies in Ethnomusicology University of Chicago Press pp 113 115 ISBN 0 226 86840 0 See google book search A Azfar Moin The millennial sovereign sacred kingship and sainthood in Islam Muḥammad G h awt h Gwaliyari Encyclopaedia of Islam 2nd ed Brill 24 April 2012 Retrieved 9 October 2019 Achyut Yagnik 2 February 2011 Ahmedabad From Royal city to Megacity Penguin Books p 42 ISBN 978 81 8475 473 5 a b Ernst Carl W 1996 Sufism and Yoga according to Muhammad Ghawth PDF Sufi 29 Spring 1996 9 13 Archived from the original on 8 September 2008 a b Kugle Scott July 2014 Body Refined The Eyes of Muhammad Ghawth Sufis amp Saints Bodies North Carolina University Press pp 123 180 doi 10 5149 9780807872772 kugle 10 ISBN 9780807830819 Kugle Scott A 2003 Heaven s Witness The Uses and Abuses of Muḥammad Ghawth s Mystical Ascension Journal of Islamic Studies 14 1 January 2003 1 36 doi 10 1093 jis 14 1 1 JSTOR 26199837 PMC 4199356 PMID 25373148 Ernst Carl W 1996 Sufism and Yoga according to Muhammad Ghawth PDF University of North Carolina Archived from the original PDF on 8 September 2008 Retrieved 5 August 2009 Reproduced from Sufi 29 Spring 1996 pp 9 13 Chopra Dr Pran Nath ed 1976 Life and Letters Under the Mughals Ashajanak Publications New Delhi Retrieved 5 August 2009 See Open library details a b Hadi Nabi 1998 Dictionary of Indo Persian literature Abhinav Publications pp 178 179 ISBN 81 7017 311 6 See google book search Yasin Mohammad 1988 Reading in Indian History Atlantic Publishers amp Distributors New Delhi p 42 No ISBN ASIN B0006ERVCA a b c Hastings James author and Selbie John A editor 2003 Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics Part 21 Kessinger Publishing LLC p 69 ISBN 0 7661 3700 7 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a first has generic name help CS1 maint multiple names authors list link See google book search Nonperiodic Octagonal Patterns from a Jali Screen in the Mausoleum of Muhammad Ghaus in Gwalior and Their Periodic Relatives Emil Makovicky amp Nicolette M Makovicky Nexus Network Journal volume 19 pages101 120 2017 Jaalis Lattice Screens of India Asavari Mohdiwale Smita Agrawal JETIR May 2021 Volume 8 Issue 5 sufishattari website 2007 Annals of Oriental Research Volume 32 Part 1 Page 63 Ernst Carl W 2016 Chapter 8 Sufism and Yoga according to Muhammad Ghawth pp 121 129 ISBN 978 93 5150 964 6 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a work ignored help External links editSilsila e Shuttariya Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Muhammad Ghawth amp oldid 1144504083, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
