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PZL-Mielec Lim-6

October 21, 2023

The Lim-6 (NATO reporting name Fresco) was a Polish attack aircraft used between 1961 and 1992 by the Polish Air Force. It was a variant of the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17, which was produced in Poland as the Lim-5.

Lim-6
Lim-6bis with visible Mars-2 rocket launchers
Role Attack aircraft
National origin Soviet Union
Poland
Manufacturer Mikoyan-Gurevich
PZL-Mielec
Introduction 1956
Status In Limited Service
Primary users Polish Air Force
Egyptian Air Force
East German Air Force
Indonesian Air Force
Developed from Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17

Development Edit

In 1955 Poland bought a licence for the manufacturing of the Soviet MiG-17, the basic jet fighter of Warsaw Pact countries. The licensed aircraft was given the designation Lim-5 (an abbreviation of: licencyjny myśliwiec – "licensed fighter"). The first Lim-5 was built in WSK-Mielec on November 28, 1956, replacing the production of the Lim-2 (MiG-15bis). By production's end in 1960, 477 Lim-5s were built, becoming Poland's primary fighter. (This number includes the Lim-5R reconnaissance variant, equipped with an AFA-39 camera.) From 1959 Poland began to produce the licensed MiG-17PF interceptor, equipped with the Izumrud-5 (RP-5) radar, as the Lim-5P. By 1960, 129 were built.

In the late 1950s work commenced in Poland on developing a light attack aircraft based on the Lim-5. The basic MiG-17 and Lim-5 could only carry two 250 kg bombs, which replaced their underwing fuel tanks. After building prototypes, designated 'CM', in 1960 Poles began production of an attack aircraft, Lim-5M. It introduced several modifications, mostly to allow use from rough airfields. It had double undercarriage wheels, a braking parachute, and attachments for RATO. The wing sections close to the fuselage were noticeably thicker, due to them containing additional fuel tanks. Instead of two bombs, it could carry two launchers for eight S-5 rockets (57 mm). By 1961, 60 Lim-5M's were built and from November 1961 operated by the Polish Air Force. They were not successful; thicker wings decreased performance, made handling tricky, and increased drag so much that the range was improved much less than planned.

The Lim-5M was regarded only as an interim variant, and work on a more advanced design continued, testing many different ideas. In 1961, 40 Lim-6 attack aircraft were built. They introduced new blown flaps, but tests showed problems with the modified Lis-6 jet engine and the aircraft were not delivered to the Air Force. As a result, it was decided to redesign the thick wing sections with fuel tanks, blown flaps, double wheels and RATO and return to only slightly modified Lim-5 construction, with increased weapon-carrying capability instead.

In 1963 the Poles started production of the final variant of the attack plane, the Lim-6bis. It had standard wings and single wheels, like the Lim-5 fighter. One important change was the addition of two underwing weapon pylons close to the fuselage. Another was the fitting of a braking parachute container below the rudder. These aircraft entered the service in the Polish Air Force in 1963, but were not officially accepted until 14 September 1964.

By 1964, 70 Lim-6bis were built and a number of Lim-5Ms and Lim-6s were rebuilt as Lim-6bis. A number were also converted to a reconnaissance variant Lim-6R (or Lim-6bisR) with an AFA-39 camera under a fuselage.

As Lim-5P fighters became obsolete, from 1971 they were also converted to the Lim-6bis standard, under the designation of Lim-6M. Their radars were removed, but the radar covers in the central air intake remained. They were fitted with additional underwing pylons, but not with a braking parachute. Some aircraft were modified to a reconnaissance variant designated the Lim-6MR.

Design Edit

 
Lim-6bis silhouette

The Lim-6bis was armed with two NR-23 23 mm cannons (80 rounds) and one N-37D 37 mm cannon (40 rounds), like the MiG-17 (the Lim-6M was probably armed with three NR-23 23 mm cannons, like MiG-17PF). It had four underwing pylons. Typical armament consisted of two Polish-made Mars-2 launchers for 16 unguided 57 mm rockets S-5 each, or 100 kg bombs. It could also carry 250 kg bombs or launchers on standard outer underwing pods, but usually they were used for 400l fuel tanks.

Operational history Edit

Lim-6bis, 6R, 6M and 6MR were used by the Polish Air Force as its most numerous attack aircraft until the 1980s. The last were finally withdrawn in 1992.

Some were exported to the East Germany (German Democratic Republic), Egypt and Indonesia. Some GDR machines found themselves in Guinea-Bissau in the 1980s.

Variants Edit

 
A former Indonesia Lim-5 on display in the United States in North Korean markings
 
Lim-6R
Lim-5
Day-fighter (licensed MiG-17F) (serial numbers: 1C 00-01 to 1C 19-14).
Lim-5R
Reconnaissance version of Lim-5.
Lim-5P
All-weather interceptor (licensed MiG-17PF) (serial numbers: 1D 00-01(?) to 1D 06-41).
Lim-5M
Attack aircraft (serial numbers: 1F 01-01 to 1F 03-30).
Lim-6
Experimental attack aircraft (serial numbers: 1J 04-01 to 1J 04-40).
Lim-6bis
Basic attack aircraft (numbers 1J 05-01 to 1J 06-40).
Lim-6R (Lim-6bisR)
Reconnaissance variant of Lim-6bis.
Lim-6M
Interceptor aircraft, conversion of Lim-5P.
Lim-6MR
Reconnaissance aircraft, conversion of Lim-5P.

Operators Edit

 
Lim-5 in East German markings
 
A private PZL-Mielec Lim-6R (Lim-6bisR), aircraft Registration N619M (NX619M/619 red) construction Number 1J0619 at Miramar Airshow 2000.

Former Operators Edit

  Bulgaria
  Egypt
  East Germany
  Germany
  • All scrapped or sold to Guinea Bissau.
  Guinea-Bissau
  Indonesia
  Israel
  Poland
  Syria
  United States

Received in 1968 from Israel for tests in USAF and US Navy. Late in 1980s returned.[3]

Specifications (Lim-6bis) Edit

 
Lis-5 turbojet engine
 
Front view of LIM 6bis Fresco in Polish service; MAPS air museum, North Canton, Ohio.
 
Cockpit view, LIM 6bis Fresco; MAPS air museum, North Canton, Ohio.

General characteristics

  • Crew: 1
  • Length: 11.36 m (37 ft 3 in)
  • Wingspan: 9.628 m (31 ft 7 in)
  • Height: 3.8 m (12 ft 6 in)
  • Airfoil: root: TsAGI S-12; tip: TsAGI SR-11[4]
  • Empty weight: 4,271 kg (9,416 lb)
  • Gross weight: 5,651 kg (12,458 lb)
  • Max takeoff weight: 6,652 kg (14,665 lb)
  • Powerplant: 1 × Lis-5 centrifugal-flow turbojet engine, 33.1 kN (7,400 lbf) thrust

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 1,150 km/h (710 mph, 620 kn)
  • Range: 1,080 km (670 mi, 580 nmi)
  • Service ceiling: 16,470 m (54,040 ft)

Armament

  • 1 × 37 mm N-37D cannon (40 rounds)
  • 2 × 23 mm NR-23 cannon (80 rounds each)
  • 780 kg (1,719.61 lbs) of bombs, rocket launchers or napalm tanks on 4 pylons

See also Edit

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

Related lists

References Edit

  1. ^ "Trade Registers". armstrade.sipri.org. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Retrieved 3 September 2023.
  2. ^ Wragg, David (23 February 2011). The World Air Power Guide. Casemate Publishers. p. 142. ISBN 978-1-84468-784-8. Retrieved 3 September 2023.
  3. ^ "Samolotypolskie.pl - Lim-5 / PZL Lim-6".
  4. ^ Lednicer, David. "The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage". m-selig.ae.illinois.edu. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  • Piotr Butowski, Wacław Hołyś "Samolot myśliwsko-szturmowy Lim-6bis", series TBiU 117, Wydawnictwo MON: Warsaw 1987 (in Polish)
  • Lim-6bis, shinden.org

External links Edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to PZL-Mielec Lim-6.

October 21, 2023
mielec, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, january, 2021, lear. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources PZL Mielec Lim 6 news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Lim 6 NATO reporting name Fresco was a Polish attack aircraft used between 1961 and 1992 by the Polish Air Force It was a variant of the Mikoyan Gurevich MiG 17 which was produced in Poland as the Lim 5 Lim 6Lim 6bis with visible Mars 2 rocket launchersRole Attack aircraftNational origin Soviet Union PolandManufacturer Mikoyan Gurevich PZL MielecIntroduction 1956Status In Limited ServicePrimary users Polish Air ForceEgyptian Air Force East German Air Force Indonesian Air ForceDeveloped from Mikoyan Gurevich MiG 17 Contents 1 Development 2 Design 3 Operational history 4 Variants 5 Operators 5 1 Former Operators 6 Specifications Lim 6bis 7 See also 8 References 9 External linksDevelopment EditIn 1955 Poland bought a licence for the manufacturing of the Soviet MiG 17 the basic jet fighter of Warsaw Pact countries The licensed aircraft was given the designation Lim 5 an abbreviation of licencyjny mysliwiec licensed fighter The first Lim 5 was built in WSK Mielec on November 28 1956 replacing the production of the Lim 2 MiG 15bis By production s end in 1960 477 Lim 5s were built becoming Poland s primary fighter This number includes the Lim 5R reconnaissance variant equipped with an AFA 39 camera From 1959 Poland began to produce the licensed MiG 17PF interceptor equipped with the Izumrud 5 RP 5 radar as the Lim 5P By 1960 129 were built In the late 1950s work commenced in Poland on developing a light attack aircraft based on the Lim 5 The basic MiG 17 and Lim 5 could only carry two 250 kg bombs which replaced their underwing fuel tanks After building prototypes designated CM in 1960 Poles began production of an attack aircraft Lim 5M It introduced several modifications mostly to allow use from rough airfields It had double undercarriage wheels a braking parachute and attachments for RATO The wing sections close to the fuselage were noticeably thicker due to them containing additional fuel tanks Instead of two bombs it could carry two launchers for eight S 5 rockets 57 mm By 1961 60 Lim 5M s were built and from November 1961 operated by the Polish Air Force They were not successful thicker wings decreased performance made handling tricky and increased drag so much that the range was improved much less than planned The Lim 5M was regarded only as an interim variant and work on a more advanced design continued testing many different ideas In 1961 40 Lim 6 attack aircraft were built They introduced new blown flaps but tests showed problems with the modified Lis 6 jet engine and the aircraft were not delivered to the Air Force As a result it was decided to redesign the thick wing sections with fuel tanks blown flaps double wheels and RATO and return to only slightly modified Lim 5 construction with increased weapon carrying capability instead In 1963 the Poles started production of the final variant of the attack plane the Lim 6bis It had standard wings and single wheels like the Lim 5 fighter One important change was the addition of two underwing weapon pylons close to the fuselage Another was the fitting of a braking parachute container below the rudder These aircraft entered the service in the Polish Air Force in 1963 but were not officially accepted until 14 September 1964 By 1964 70 Lim 6bis were built and a number of Lim 5Ms and Lim 6s were rebuilt as Lim 6bis A number were also converted to a reconnaissance variant Lim 6R or Lim 6bisR with an AFA 39 camera under a fuselage As Lim 5P fighters became obsolete from 1971 they were also converted to the Lim 6bis standard under the designation of Lim 6M Their radars were removed but the radar covers in the central air intake remained They were fitted with additional underwing pylons but not with a braking parachute Some aircraft were modified to a reconnaissance variant designated the Lim 6MR Design Edit nbsp Lim 6bis silhouetteThe Lim 6bis was armed with two NR 23 23 mm cannons 80 rounds and one N 37D 37 mm cannon 40 rounds like the MiG 17 the Lim 6M was probably armed with three NR 23 23 mm cannons like MiG 17PF It had four underwing pylons Typical armament consisted of two Polish made Mars 2 launchers for 16 unguided 57 mm rockets S 5 each or 100 kg bombs It could also carry 250 kg bombs or launchers on standard outer underwing pods but usually they were used for 400l fuel tanks Operational history EditLim 6bis 6R 6M and 6MR were used by the Polish Air Force as its most numerous attack aircraft until the 1980s The last were finally withdrawn in 1992 Some were exported to the East Germany German Democratic Republic Egypt and Indonesia Some GDR machines found themselves in Guinea Bissau in the 1980s Variants Edit nbsp A former Indonesia Lim 5 on display in the United States in North Korean markings nbsp Lim 6RLim 5 Day fighter licensed MiG 17F serial numbers 1C 00 01 to 1C 19 14 Lim 5R Reconnaissance version of Lim 5 Lim 5P All weather interceptor licensed MiG 17PF serial numbers 1D 00 01 to 1D 06 41 Lim 5M Attack aircraft serial numbers 1F 01 01 to 1F 03 30 Lim 6 Experimental attack aircraft serial numbers 1J 04 01 to 1J 04 40 Lim 6bis Basic attack aircraft numbers 1J 05 01 to 1J 06 40 Lim 6R Lim 6bisR Reconnaissance variant of Lim 6bis Lim 6M Interceptor aircraft conversion of Lim 5P Lim 6MR Reconnaissance aircraft conversion of Lim 5P Operators Edit nbsp Lim 5 in East German markings nbsp A private PZL Mielec Lim 6R Lim 6bisR aircraft Registration N619M NX619M 619 red construction Number 1J0619 at Miramar Airshow 2000 Former Operators Edit nbsp BulgariaBulgarian Air Force 29 Lim 5 2 Lim 5P nbsp EgyptEgyptian Air Force nbsp East GermanyEast German Air Force 120 Lim 5 40 Lim 5P nbsp GermanyAll scrapped or sold to Guinea Bissau nbsp Guinea BissauGuinea Bissau Air Force 8 Lim 5 ex East German 1 Non operational by 2011 2 nbsp IndonesiaIndonesian Air Force 20 Lim 5 5 Lim 5P nbsp IsraelIsraeli Air Force One captured for tests nbsp PolandPolish Air Force 197 Lim 6M bis in 1975 Polish Navy nbsp SyriaSyrian Air Force nbsp United StatesReceived in 1968 from Israel for tests in USAF and US Navy Late in 1980s returned 3 Specifications Lim 6bis Edit nbsp Lis 5 turbojet engine nbsp Front view of LIM 6bis Fresco in Polish service MAPS air museum North Canton Ohio nbsp Cockpit view LIM 6bis Fresco MAPS air museum North Canton Ohio General characteristics Crew 1 Length 11 36 m 37 ft 3 in Wingspan 9 628 m 31 ft 7 in Height 3 8 m 12 ft 6 in Airfoil root TsAGI S 12 tip TsAGI SR 11 4 Empty weight 4 271 kg 9 416 lb Gross weight 5 651 kg 12 458 lb Max takeoff weight 6 652 kg 14 665 lb Powerplant 1 Lis 5 centrifugal flow turbojet engine 33 1 kN 7 400 lbf thrustPerformance Maximum speed 1 150 km h 710 mph 620 kn Range 1 080 km 670 mi 580 nmi Service ceiling 16 470 m 54 040 ft Armament 1 37 mm N 37D cannon 40 rounds 2 23 mm NR 23 cannon 80 rounds each 780 kg 1 719 61 lbs of bombs rocket launchers or napalm tanks on 4 pylonsSee also EditRelated development Mikoyan Gurevich MiG 15 Mikoyan Gurevich MiG 17 Shenyang J 5Aircraft of comparable role configuration and era Fiat G 91 Dassault Mystere Dassault Mystere IV F 86 Sabre Hawker HunterRelated lists List of military aircraft of the Soviet Union and the CIS List of fighter aircraftReferences Edit Trade Registers armstrade sipri org Stockholm International Peace Research Institute Retrieved 3 September 2023 Wragg David 23 February 2011 The World Air Power Guide Casemate Publishers p 142 ISBN 978 1 84468 784 8 Retrieved 3 September 2023 Samolotypolskie pl Lim 5 PZL Lim 6 Lednicer David The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage m selig ae illinois edu Retrieved 16 April 2019 Piotr Butowski Waclaw Holys Samolot mysliwsko szturmowy Lim 6bis series TBiU 117 Wydawnictwo MON Warsaw 1987 in Polish Lim 6bis shinden orgExternal links Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to PZL Mielec Lim 6 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title PZL Mielec Lim 6 amp oldid 1174749510, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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