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Ali Sher Bengali

January 29, 2023

ʿAli Shīr al-Ḥanafī al-Bangālī (Arabic: علي شير الحنفي البنغالي; d. 1570s), or simply Ali Sher Bengali (Bengali: আলী শের বাঙ্গালী), was a 16th-century Bengali author, teacher and Sufi pir of the Shattari order.[1][2] He was one of the three khalifahs (successors) of Muhammad Ghawth Shattari.[3]

Shaykh

Ali Sher Bengali
আলী শের বাঙ্গালী
Personal
Born
Ali Sher

Srihatta, Bengal Sultanate
Died23 Safar
Resting placeKocharab, Paldi, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
ReligionIslam
Flourished16th century
DenominationSunni
JurisprudenceHanafi
Other namesAli Sher Bangali
RelativesNurul Huda Abul Karamat (ancestor)
OrderShattari
Muslim leader
TeacherMuhammad Ghawth
Based inAhmedabad

Background

Ali Sher was born into a Bengali Muslim family in the town of Sylhet in the Bengal Sultanate. His family traced their origins to Nurul Huda Abul Karamat, a 14th-century Middle Eastern migrant who accompanied Shah Jalal in the Conquest of Sylhet and was later appointed as the second Wazir of Arsah Srihat.[4] He was a Hanafi.[5]

Life

In his youth, Sher began travelling across the subcontinent for further Islamic studies. When he reached Awadh, it is said that he saw Muhammad Ghawth Shattari in a dream. Sher then travelled to Delhi where he met with Ghawth and became his murid (student).[6] He was one of the two prominent Bengali students of Shattari, the other being Shah Manjhan of Lakhnauti. Shaikh Yusuf Bengali was a student of Ali Sher's contemporary Wajihuddin Alvi.[7]

After studying and serving under Muhammad Ghawth Shattari for a while,[8] Ali Sher Bengali was then ordered to visit Ahmedabad in Gujarat and settle down at the Imad-ul-Mulk Rumi Masjid to become a teacher himself as a khalifa of Shattari. Among his notable students was Abdullah ibn Mahmud al-Husayni al-Bukhari.[5] Ali Sher was a critic of the Sur emperors who were then ruling the region.[9]

In 1571, Ali Sher Bengali wrote a book called A commentary on the excursion of the souls (Arabic: شرح نزهة الأرواح, romanized: Sharḥ Nuzhat al-Arwāḥ),[10] which contained the earliest recorded written biography of Shah Jalal in its preface.[11] Among his other books are Sharḥ Jām-i Jahān Nāma and Sharḥ Sawāniḥ. The works were compiled under the instruction of Muhammad Ghawth Shattari.[5]

Spiritual genealogy

Spiritual genealogy of Ali Sher Bengali is as follows:[3]

Death

According to the guardians of his shrine, Ali Sher Bengali died on 23 Safar 970 AH (22 October 1562). He was buried near the Shahi Masjid in the neighbourhood of Paldi in Ahmedabad, Gujarat.[12] His urs is celebrated on 23 Safar by devotees every year.[13] However, Ali Sher Bengali wrote Sharh Nuzhat al-Arwah, which was in 977 AH (1571 CE) and according to Abd al-Hayy al-Lucknawi and the Gulzar-i-Abrar, he died a few years after 970 AH.[14]

References

  1. ^ Chattopadhyay, Bhaskar (1988). Culture of Bengal Through the Ages: Some Aspects. University of Burdwan. p. 211.
  2. ^ Ali, Syed Murtaza (1965). হজরত শাহ জালাল ও সিলেটের ইতিহাস [Hazrat Shah Jalal and the History of Sylhet] (in Bengali). Dhaka: University Press. pp. 17–22.
  3. ^ a b Ghazi, Syed Abdullah Shah, Hazrat Shah Muhammad Ghous Gwalior, India
  4. ^ Choudhury, Achyutcharan. "1". Sreehatter Itibritta – Purbangsho (A History of Sylhet), Part 2. Vol. 1. Mustafa Selim; Source publication, 2004.
  5. ^ a b c al-Lucknawi, Abd al-Hayy (1999). Nuzhat al-khawatir (in Arabic). Beirut, Lebanon: Dar Ibn Hazm.
  6. ^ Rizvi, Syed Muhammad Nir. صوفی یوگ گرو: شیخ محمد غوث گوالیاریؒ (in Urdu). Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
  7. ^ Quddusi, Mohammad Ilyas (2002). Khandesh Under the Mughals, 1601-1724 A.D.: Mainly Based on Persian Sources. New Delhi: Islamic Wonders Bureau. pp. 122–136.
  8. ^ Rizvi, Saiyid Athar Abbas (1978). A History of Sufism in India: Early Sufism and its history in India to 1600 A.D. Munshiram Manoharlal. p. 315.
  9. ^ Ersnt, Carl (1999). "The persecution of Muhammad Ghawth". In Fred De Jong; Berndt Redtke (eds.). Islamic Mysticism Contested: Thirteen Centuries of Debate and Conflict. Islamic History and Civilization. Leiden: E.J. Brill.
  10. ^ Abdul Karim (2012). "Shah Jalal (R)". In Islam, Sirajul; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.). Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN 984-32-0576-6. OCLC 52727562. Retrieved 27 January 2023.
  11. ^ Hanif, N (2000). "Jalal, Shaikh (d.1357 A.D.)". Biographical Encyclopaedia of Sufis: South Asia. Sarup & Sons. pp. 165–167.
  12. ^ Pandey, Shyam Manohar (1968). Sūfī kāvya vimarśa: Dāūda, Kutubana, Jāyasī tathā Mañjhana kī kr̥tiyoṃ kā adhyayana (in Hindi). Vinod Pustak Mandir. p. 155.
  13. ^ Raza, Asif (5 October 2019). माहे सफारुल मुज़फ्फर के महीने में किस बुज़रुग का उर्स किस तारीख को होता है. Muslim TTS (in Hindi).
  14. ^ Siddiqi, KM (11 August 2017). হজরত শাহ জালাল (রহ.) সম্পর্কে তথ্য বিভ্রাট. Daily Inqilab (in Bengali).

Further reading

  • Muḥammad Ghausi Shattari; Fazl Ahmad Jiyuri; Z̲akir Ḥusain Shaikh. (۳۵۰) یاد شیخ علی شیر بنگالی. Gulzar-i abrar (in Urdu). pp. 308–309.

January 29, 2023
sher, bengali, ʿali, shīr, Ḥanafī, bangālī, arabic, علي, شير, الحنفي, البنغالي, 1570s, simply, bengali, আল, 16th, century, bengali, author, teacher, sufi, shattari, order, three, khalifahs, successors, muhammad, ghawth, shattari, shaykhআল, personalbornali, she. ʿAli Shir al Ḥanafi al Bangali Arabic علي شير الحنفي البنغالي d 1570s or simply Ali Sher Bengali Bengali আল শ র ব ঙ গ ল was a 16th century Bengali author teacher and Sufi pir of the Shattari order 1 2 He was one of the three khalifahs successors of Muhammad Ghawth Shattari 3 ShaykhAli Sher Bengaliআল শ র ব ঙ গ ল PersonalBornAli SherSrihatta Bengal SultanateDied23 SafarResting placeKocharab Paldi Ahmedabad Gujarat IndiaReligionIslamFlourished16th centuryDenominationSunniJurisprudenceHanafiOther namesAli Sher BangaliRelativesNurul Huda Abul Karamat ancestor OrderShattariMuslim leaderTeacherMuhammad GhawthBased inAhmedabad Contents 1 Background 2 Life 3 Spiritual genealogy 4 Death 5 References 6 Further readingBackground EditAli Sher was born into a Bengali Muslim family in the town of Sylhet in the Bengal Sultanate His family traced their origins to Nurul Huda Abul Karamat a 14th century Middle Eastern migrant who accompanied Shah Jalal in the Conquest of Sylhet and was later appointed as the second Wazir of Arsah Srihat 4 He was a Hanafi 5 Life EditIn his youth Sher began travelling across the subcontinent for further Islamic studies When he reached Awadh it is said that he saw Muhammad Ghawth Shattari in a dream Sher then travelled to Delhi where he met with Ghawth and became his murid student 6 He was one of the two prominent Bengali students of Shattari the other being Shah Manjhan of Lakhnauti Shaikh Yusuf Bengali was a student of Ali Sher s contemporary Wajihuddin Alvi 7 After studying and serving under Muhammad Ghawth Shattari for a while 8 Ali Sher Bengali was then ordered to visit Ahmedabad in Gujarat and settle down at the Imad ul Mulk Rumi Masjid to become a teacher himself as a khalifa of Shattari Among his notable students was Abdullah ibn Mahmud al Husayni al Bukhari 5 Ali Sher was a critic of the Sur emperors who were then ruling the region 9 In 1571 Ali Sher Bengali wrote a book called A commentary on the excursion of the souls Arabic شرح نزهة الأرواح romanized Sharḥ Nuzhat al Arwaḥ 10 which contained the earliest recorded written biography of Shah Jalal in its preface 11 Among his other books are Sharḥ Jam i Jahan Nama and Sharḥ Sawaniḥ The works were compiled under the instruction of Muhammad Ghawth Shattari 5 Spiritual genealogy EditSpiritual genealogy of Ali Sher Bengali is as follows 3 Prophet Muhammad Ali ibn Abi Talib Husayn ibn Ali Zayn al Abidin Muhammad al Baqir Ja far al Sadiq Isma il ibn Ja far Abu Bakr al Ajli Taqi ad Din Najib Ahmad as Siddiq Sima al Wasil Farid ad Din Attar Khatir ad Din Bayazid Muhammad Ghawth Gwaliori Ali Sher BengaliDeath EditAccording to the guardians of his shrine Ali Sher Bengali died on 23 Safar 970 AH 22 October 1562 He was buried near the Shahi Masjid in the neighbourhood of Paldi in Ahmedabad Gujarat 12 His urs is celebrated on 23 Safar by devotees every year 13 However Ali Sher Bengali wrote Sharh Nuzhat al Arwah which was in 977 AH 1571 CE and according to Abd al Hayy al Lucknawi and the Gulzar i Abrar he died a few years after 970 AH 14 References Edit Chattopadhyay Bhaskar 1988 Culture of Bengal Through the Ages Some Aspects University of Burdwan p 211 Ali Syed Murtaza 1965 হজরত শ হ জ ল ল ও স ল ট র ইত হ স Hazrat Shah Jalal and the History of Sylhet in Bengali Dhaka University Press pp 17 22 a b Ghazi Syed Abdullah Shah Hazrat Shah Muhammad Ghous Gwalior India Choudhury Achyutcharan 1 Sreehatter Itibritta Purbangsho A History of Sylhet Part 2 Vol 1 Mustafa Selim Source publication 2004 a b c al Lucknawi Abd al Hayy 1999 Nuzhat al khawatir in Arabic Beirut Lebanon Dar Ibn Hazm Rizvi Syed Muhammad Nir صوفی یوگ گرو شیخ محمد غوث گوالیاری in Urdu Ranchi Jharkhand India Quddusi Mohammad Ilyas 2002 Khandesh Under the Mughals 1601 1724 A D Mainly Based on Persian Sources New Delhi Islamic Wonders Bureau pp 122 136 Rizvi Saiyid Athar Abbas 1978 A History of Sufism in India Early Sufism and its history in India to 1600 A D Munshiram Manoharlal p 315 Ersnt Carl 1999 The persecution of Muhammad Ghawth In Fred De Jong Berndt Redtke eds Islamic Mysticism Contested Thirteen Centuries of Debate and Conflict Islamic History and Civilization Leiden E J Brill Abdul Karim 2012 Shah Jalal R In Islam Sirajul Miah Sajahan Khanam Mahfuza Ahmed Sabbir eds Banglapedia the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh Online ed Dhaka Bangladesh Banglapedia Trust Asiatic Society of Bangladesh ISBN 984 32 0576 6 OCLC 52727562 Retrieved 27 January 2023 Hanif N 2000 Jalal Shaikh d 1357 A D Biographical Encyclopaedia of Sufis South Asia Sarup amp Sons pp 165 167 Pandey Shyam Manohar 1968 Sufi kavya vimarsa Dauda Kutubana Jayasi tatha Manjhana ki kr tiyoṃ ka adhyayana in Hindi Vinod Pustak Mandir p 155 Raza Asif 5 October 2019 म ह सफ र ल म ज फ फर क मह न म क स ब ज र ग क उर स क स त र ख क ह त ह Muslim TTS in Hindi Siddiqi KM 11 August 2017 হজরত শ হ জ ল ল রহ সম পর ক তথ য ব ভ র ট Daily Inqilab in Bengali Further reading EditMuḥammad Ghausi Shattari Fazl Ahmad Jiyuri Z akir Ḥusain Shaikh ۳۵۰ یاد شیخ علی شیر بنگالی Gulzar i abrar in Urdu pp 308 309 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ali Sher Bengali amp oldid 1126911067, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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