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Ebenezer Scrooge

December 20, 2023

This article is about the fictional character in A Christmas Carol. For other uses, see Scrooge.

Ebenezer Scrooge (/ˌɛbɪˈniːzər ˈskruːdʒ/) is the protagonist of Charles Dickens's 1843 short novel, A Christmas Carol. At the beginning of the novella, Scrooge is a cold-hearted miser who despises Christmas. The tale of his redemption by three spirits (the Ghost of Christmas Past, the Ghost of Christmas Present, and the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come) has become a defining tale of the Christmas holiday in the English-speaking world.

Ebenezer Scrooge
A Christmas Carol character
Scrooge encounters "Jacob Marley's ghost"
Created byCharles Dickens
Based onPossibly John Elwes, Daniel Dancer, Jemmy Wood
Portrayed bySee below
GenderMale
OccupationBusinessman[a]
Significant otherBelle (fiancée of Scrooge)
Relatives
  • Fanny or Fran (late sister)
  • Fred (nephew)
NationalityEnglish

Dickens describes Scrooge thus early in the story: "The cold within him froze his old features, nipped his pointed nose, shrivelled his cheek, stiffened his gait; made his eyes red, his thin lips blue; and spoke out shrewdly in his grating voice." Towards the end of the novella, the three spirits show Scrooge the errors of his ways, and he becomes a better, more generous man.

Scrooge's last name has entered the English language as a byword for greed and misanthropy, while his catchphrase, "Bah! Humbug!" is often used to express disgust with many modern Christmas traditions.

Description edit

 
Scrooge and the Ghost of Christmas Past [b]

Charles Dickens describes Scrooge as "a squeezing, wrenching, grasping, scraping, clutching, covetous, old sinner! Hard and sharp as flint... secret, and self-contained, and solitary as an oyster." He does business from a Cornhill warehouse and is known among the merchants of the Royal Exchange as a man of good credit. Despite having considerable personal wealth, he underpays his clerk Bob Cratchit and hounds his debtors relentlessly while living cheaply and joylessly in the chambers of his deceased business partner, Jacob Marley. Most of all, he detests Christmas, which he associates with reckless spending. When two men approach him on Christmas Eve for a donation to charity, he sneers that the poor should avail themselves of the treadmill or the workhouses, or else die to reduce the surplus population. He also refuses his nephew Fred's invitation to Christmas dinner and denounces him as a fool for celebrating Christmas.

That night, Scrooge is visited by Marley's ghost, who is condemned to walk the world forever bound in chains as punishment for his greed and inhumanity in life. Marley tells Scrooge that he will be visited by three spirits, hoping that he will mend his ways; if he does not, Marley warns, Scrooge will wear even heavier chains than his in the afterlife.

The first spirit then visits Scrooge, The Ghost of Christmas Past, who shows Scrooge visions of his early life. These visions establish that Scrooge's unloving father placed him in a boarding school, where at Christmas he remained alone while his schoolmates returned home to their families. When his beloved sister, Fan, came to take him home one Christmas, this became Scrooge's one happy childhood memory. She later died after giving birth to Fred. Scrooge then apprenticed at the warehouse of a jovial and generous master, Mr. Fezziwig. He fell in love with a young woman named Belle and proposed marriage, but gradually his love for Belle was overwhelmed by his love for money. Belle realised this and, saddened by his greed, left him one Christmas, eventually marrying another man. The present-day Scrooge reacts to these memories with nostalgia and deep regret.

 
Scrooge and the Ghost of Christmas Present[c]
 
Scrooge and the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come [d]

The Ghost of Christmas Present arrives next. It shows Scrooge that his greed and selfishness have hurt others as well, particularly Cratchit, who cannot afford to provide his desperately ill son Tiny Tim with medical treatment because of Scrooge's miserliness. The Spirit tells a horrified Scrooge that Tiny Tim will die unless something changes, and throws back at Scrooge his own heartless words about the poor and destitute. Finally, the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come shows Scrooge where his greed and selfishness will lead: a lonely death and an overgrown grave, unpaid servants stealing his belongings, debtors relieved at his passing, and the Cratchit family devastated by the loss of Tiny Tim.

Scrooge asks this Spirit if this future can still be changed, but the Spirit does not reply. Scrooge then begs this Spirit for another chance, promising to change his ways – and wakes up in his bed on Christmas Day. Overjoyed, Scrooge commits to being more generous and compassionate; he accepts his nephew's invitation to Christmas dinner, provides for Cratchit and his family, and donates to the charity fund.

In the end, he becomes known as the embodiment of the Christmas spirit and as a "second father" to Tiny Tim.

Origins edit

Several theories have been put forward as to where Dickens got the inspiration for the character.

Ebenezer Lennox Scroggie (1792–1836) was supposedly a merchant from Edinburgh who won a catering contract for King George IV's visit to Scotland. He was buried in Canongate Kirkyard, with a gravestone that is now lost. The theory is that Dickens noticed the gravestone that described Scroggie as being a "meal man" (grain merchant) but misread it as "mean man."[1][2] This theory has been described as "a probable Dickens hoax" for which "[n]o one could find any corroborating evidence".[3] There is no record of anyone named Scroggie in the Edinburgh census returns of the period.[4] Jemmy Wood, owner of the Gloucester Old Bank and possibly Britain's first millionaire, was nationally renowned for his stinginess, and may have been another model for Scrooge.[5] The man whom Dickens eventually mentions in his letters[6] and who strongly resembles the character portrayed by Dickens' illustrator, John Leech, was a noted British eccentric and miser named John Elwes (1714–1789).[citation needed] Another suggested inspiration for the character of Scrooge is Daniel Dancer, who Dickens mentions, along with Elwes, in Our Mutual Friend.

It has been suggested that he chose the name Ebenezer ("stone (of) help") to reflect the help given to Scrooge to change his life.[7][8] Commentators have suggested that the surname was partly inspired by the word "scrouge", meaning "crowd" or "squeeze".[8][9][10] The word was in use from 1820.[11]

Kelly writes that Scrooge may have been influenced by Dickens' conflicting feelings for his father, whom he loved and demonised. This psychological conflict may be responsible for the two radically different Scrooges in the tale—one a cold, stingy recluse, the other a benevolent, loving man.[12] Robert Douglas-Fairhurst, a professor of English literature, considers that in the opening part of the book portraying young Scrooge's lonely and unhappy childhood, and his aspiration to rise from poverty to riches "is something of a self-parody of Dickens's fears about himself"; the post-transformation parts of the book are how Dickens optimistically sees himself.[13]

One school of thought is that Dickens based Scrooge's views of the poor on those of political economist and demographer Thomas Malthus, as evidenced by his callous attitude towards the "surplus population".[14][15] "And the Union workhouses? ... The treadmill and the Poor Law are in full vigour, then?" are a reflection of a sarcastic question raised by the reactionary philosopher Thomas Carlyle: "Are there not treadmills, gibbets; even hospitals, poor-rates, New Poor-Law?"[16][e]

There are literary precursors for Scrooge in Dickens's own works. Peter Ackroyd, Dickens's biographer, sees similarities between Scrooge and the title character of Martin Chuzzlewit, although the latter is "a more fantastic image" than the former; Ackroyd observes that Chuzzlewit's transformation to a charitable man is parallel to that of Scrooge.[18] Douglas-Fairhurst sees that the minor character Gabriel Grub from The Pickwick Papers was also an influence when creating Scrooge.[19][f]

Analysis edit

Scrooge's character, particularly how it changes throughout A Christmas Carol, has been the subject of several analyses.[21][22][23]

In other media edit

  • The character of Scrooge McDuck, created by Carl Barks, was at least partially based on Ebenezer Scrooge: "I began to think of the great Dickens Christmas story about Scrooge… I was just thief enough to steal some of the idea and have a rich uncle for Donald."[24]

Portrayals edit

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Scrooge's type of business is not directly stated in the original work. Victorian-period adaptations often depict him as a money-lender, but also as a mercantile executive (1951) or commodity trader (1984).
  2. ^ Illustration by Sol Eytinge Jr. (1868)
  3. ^ Illustration by John Leech (1843)
  4. ^ original illustration by John Leech (1843)
  5. ^ Carlyle's original question was written in his 1840 work Chartism.[17]
  6. ^ Grub's name came from a 19th century Dutch miser, Gabriel de Graaf, a morose gravedigger.[20]

References edit

  1. ^ "Revealed: the Scot who inspired Dickens' Scrooge". The Scotsman. 24 December 2004. Retrieved 14 January 2020. Details of Scroggie's life are sparse, but he was a vintner as well as a corn merchant.
  2. ^ "BBC Arts – That Ebenezer geezer... who was the real Scrooge?". BBC. Retrieved 30 April 2016.
  3. ^ Pelling, Rowan (7 February 2014). "Mr Punch is still knocking them dead after 350 years". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
  4. ^ Melvin, Eric (2014). A walk through Edinburgh's New Town. Scotland. p. 63. ISBN 9781500122010.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  5. ^ Silence, Rebecca (2015). Gloucester History Tour. Amberley Publishing Limited. p. 40.
  6. ^ Dickens, Charles (1999). "Letter to George Holsworth, 18 January 1865". In House, Madeline; Storey, Graham; Brown, Margaret; Tillotson, Kathleen (eds.). The Letters of Charles Dickens. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. p. 7.
  7. ^ Kincaid, Cheryl Anne (2009). Hearing the Gospel through Charles Dickens's "A Christmas Carol" (2 ed.). Cambridge, England: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. pp. 7–8. ISBN 978-1443817981. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
  8. ^ a b Pearson, Richard (9 December 2014). "Why did Charles Dickens invent Scrooge?". The Independent. Retrieved 30 November 2020. Scrooge is also a real word. Spelled slightly differently, 'scrouge' 'scrowge' or 'scroodge' is an old word meaning to squeeze someone, to encroach on their space, making them feel uncomfortable...
  9. ^ Cereno, Benito (14 December 2018). "The real man who inspired Ebenezer Scrooge". Grunge.com. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
  10. ^ "Definition of SCROUGE". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
  11. ^ "Why did Charles Dickens choose the name Ebenezer Scrooge?". www.londonguidedwalks.co.uk. Retrieved 30 November 2020. The word is also a blend of 'scrouge' the verb to squeeze or to press, used 1820–1830 (itself being a blend of crew and bruise) and gouge...
  12. ^ Kelly 2003, p. 14.
  13. ^ Douglas-Fairhurst 2006, p. xix.
  14. ^ Elwell, Frank W. (2 November 2001). . Rogers State University. Archived from the original on 24 March 2017. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  15. ^ Nasar, Sylvia (2011). Grand pursuit : the story of economic genius (1st Simon & Schuster hardcover ed.). New York City: Simon & Schuster. pp. 3–10. ISBN 978-0-684-87298-8.
  16. ^ Douglas-Fairhurst 2006, p. xiii.
  17. ^ Carlyle 1840, p. 32.
  18. ^ Ackroyd 1990, p. 409.
  19. ^ Douglas-Fairhurst 2006, p. xviii; Alleyne 2007.
  20. ^ Alleyne 2007.
  21. ^ Clarke, Joseph (Jody) H. (December 2009). "The Metapsychology of Character Change: A Case Study of Ebenezer Scrooge". Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health. 11 (4): 248–263. doi:10.1080/19349630903310039. ISSN 1934-9637. S2CID 145082385.
  22. ^ McReynolds, Joseph Clayton (2020). "From Humbug to Humility: Learning How to Know with Ebenezer Scrooge". Dickens Studies Annual: Essays on Victorian Fiction. 51 (1): 20–39. doi:10.5325/dickstudannu.51.1.0020. ISSN 2167-8510. S2CID 216343006.
  23. ^ Smith, Joanmarie (Summer 1983). "The Religious Conversion of Ebenezer Scrooge". Religious Education. 78 (3): 355–361. doi:10.1080/0034408300780307.
  24. ^ "THE DREAM OF THREE LIFETIMES: TRANSLATION AND TRANSNATIONALITY IN DONALD DUCK COMICS". etda.libraries.psu.edu. Retrieved 9 September 2023.
  25. ^ Boulware, Hugh (30 November 1987). "For These Lads, 'Carol' Seems Like Play". Chicago Tribune.
  26. ^ Fleming, Michael. "Jim Carrey set for 'Christmas Carol': Zemeckis directing Dickens adaptation", Variety, 2007-07-06. Retrieved on 2007-09-11.
  27. ^ "Doctor Who Christmas Special – A Christmas Carol". Retrieved 22 November 2010.
  28. ^ "Christmas Day". Radio Times. 347 (4520): 174. December 2010.
  29. ^ "BBC Radio 4 – Saturday Drama, A Christmas Carol". BBC.
  30. ^ Heymont, George (29 January 2016). "Rule Britannia!". Huffington Post. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
  31. ^ "From Charles Dickens to Michael Caine, here are the five best Scrooges". The Independent. 19 December 2018.
  32. ^ Cremona, Patrick. Mark Gatiss's A Christmas Carol: A Ghost Story is coming to cinemas, Radio Times, October 2022

Citations edit

  • Ackroyd, Peter (1990). Dickens. London: Sinclair-Stevenson. ISBN 978-1-85619-000-8.
  • Alleyne, Richard (24 December 2007). "Real Scrooge 'was Dutch gravedigger'". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022.
  • Carlyle, Thomas (1840). Chartism. London: J. Fraser. OCLC 247585901.
  • DeVito, Carlo (2014). Inventing Scrooge (Kindle ed.). Kennebunkport, ME: Cider Mill Press. ISBN 978-1-60433-555-2.
  • Dickens, Charles (1843). A Christmas Carol. London: Chapman and Hall. OCLC 181675592.
  • Douglas-Fairhurst, Robert (2006). "Introduction". In Dickens, Charles (ed.). A Christmas Carol and other Christmas Books. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. vii–xxix. ISBN 978-0-19-920474-8.
  • Elwell, Frank W. (2 November 2001). . Rogers State University. Archived from the original on 24 March 2017. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  • Gordon, Alexander (2008). "Elwes, John (1714–1789)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/8776. Retrieved 13 January 2016. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  • Jordan, John O. (2001). The Cambridge Companion to Charles Dickens. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-66964-1.
  • Kelly, Richard Michael (2003). "Introduction". In Dickens, Charles (ed.). A Christmas Carol. Ontario: Broadway Press. pp. 9–30. ISBN 978-1-55111-476-7.
  • Sillence, Rebecca (2015). Gloucester History Tour. Stroud, Glos: Amberley Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4456-4859-0.

External links edit

December 20, 2023
ebenezer, scrooge, this, article, about, fictional, character, christmas, carol, other, uses, scrooge, protagonist, charles, dickens, 1843, short, novel, christmas, carol, beginning, novella, scrooge, cold, hearted, miser, despises, christmas, tale, redemption. This article is about the fictional character in A Christmas Carol For other uses see Scrooge Ebenezer Scrooge ˌ ɛ b ɪ ˈ n iː z er ˈ s k r uː dʒ is the protagonist of Charles Dickens s 1843 short novel A Christmas Carol At the beginning of the novella Scrooge is a cold hearted miser who despises Christmas The tale of his redemption by three spirits the Ghost of Christmas Past the Ghost of Christmas Present and the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come has become a defining tale of the Christmas holiday in the English speaking world Ebenezer ScroogeA Christmas Carol characterScrooge encounters Jacob Marley s ghost Created byCharles DickensBased onPossibly John Elwes Daniel Dancer Jemmy WoodPortrayed bySee belowGenderMaleOccupationBusinessman a Significant otherBelle fiancee of Scrooge RelativesFanny or Fran late sister Fred nephew NationalityEnglishDickens describes Scrooge thus early in the story The cold within him froze his old features nipped his pointed nose shrivelled his cheek stiffened his gait made his eyes red his thin lips blue and spoke out shrewdly in his grating voice Towards the end of the novella the three spirits show Scrooge the errors of his ways and he becomes a better more generous man Scrooge s last name has entered the English language as a byword for greed and misanthropy while his catchphrase Bah Humbug is often used to express disgust with many modern Christmas traditions Contents 1 Description 2 Origins 3 Analysis 4 In other media 5 Portrayals 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 9 Citations 10 External linksDescription edit nbsp Scrooge and the Ghost of Christmas Past b Charles Dickens describes Scrooge as a squeezing wrenching grasping scraping clutching covetous old sinner Hard and sharp as flint secret and self contained and solitary as an oyster He does business from a Cornhill warehouse and is known among the merchants of the Royal Exchange as a man of good credit Despite having considerable personal wealth he underpays his clerk Bob Cratchit and hounds his debtors relentlessly while living cheaply and joylessly in the chambers of his deceased business partner Jacob Marley Most of all he detests Christmas which he associates with reckless spending When two men approach him on Christmas Eve for a donation to charity he sneers that the poor should avail themselves of the treadmill or the workhouses or else die to reduce the surplus population He also refuses his nephew Fred s invitation to Christmas dinner and denounces him as a fool for celebrating Christmas That night Scrooge is visited by Marley s ghost who is condemned to walk the world forever bound in chains as punishment for his greed and inhumanity in life Marley tells Scrooge that he will be visited by three spirits hoping that he will mend his ways if he does not Marley warns Scrooge will wear even heavier chains than his in the afterlife The first spirit then visits Scrooge The Ghost of Christmas Past who shows Scrooge visions of his early life These visions establish that Scrooge s unloving father placed him in a boarding school where at Christmas he remained alone while his schoolmates returned home to their families When his beloved sister Fan came to take him home one Christmas this became Scrooge s one happy childhood memory She later died after giving birth to Fred Scrooge then apprenticed at the warehouse of a jovial and generous master Mr Fezziwig He fell in love with a young woman named Belle and proposed marriage but gradually his love for Belle was overwhelmed by his love for money Belle realised this and saddened by his greed left him one Christmas eventually marrying another man The present day Scrooge reacts to these memories with nostalgia and deep regret nbsp Scrooge and the Ghost of Christmas Present c nbsp Scrooge and the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come d The Ghost of Christmas Present arrives next It shows Scrooge that his greed and selfishness have hurt others as well particularly Cratchit who cannot afford to provide his desperately ill son Tiny Tim with medical treatment because of Scrooge s miserliness The Spirit tells a horrified Scrooge that Tiny Tim will die unless something changes and throws back at Scrooge his own heartless words about the poor and destitute Finally the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come shows Scrooge where his greed and selfishness will lead a lonely death and an overgrown grave unpaid servants stealing his belongings debtors relieved at his passing and the Cratchit family devastated by the loss of Tiny Tim Scrooge asks this Spirit if this future can still be changed but the Spirit does not reply Scrooge then begs this Spirit for another chance promising to change his ways and wakes up in his bed on Christmas Day Overjoyed Scrooge commits to being more generous and compassionate he accepts his nephew s invitation to Christmas dinner provides for Cratchit and his family and donates to the charity fund In the end he becomes known as the embodiment of the Christmas spirit and as a second father to Tiny Tim Origins editSeveral theories have been put forward as to where Dickens got the inspiration for the character Ebenezer Lennox Scroggie 1792 1836 was supposedly a merchant from Edinburgh who won a catering contract for King George IV s visit to Scotland He was buried in Canongate Kirkyard with a gravestone that is now lost The theory is that Dickens noticed the gravestone that described Scroggie as being a meal man grain merchant but misread it as mean man 1 2 This theory has been described as a probable Dickens hoax for which n o one could find any corroborating evidence 3 There is no record of anyone named Scroggie in the Edinburgh census returns of the period 4 Jemmy Wood owner of the Gloucester Old Bank and possibly Britain s first millionaire was nationally renowned for his stinginess and may have been another model for Scrooge 5 The man whom Dickens eventually mentions in his letters 6 and who strongly resembles the character portrayed by Dickens illustrator John Leech was a noted British eccentric and miser named John Elwes 1714 1789 citation needed Another suggested inspiration for the character of Scrooge is Daniel Dancer who Dickens mentions along with Elwes in Our Mutual Friend It has been suggested that he chose the name Ebenezer stone of help to reflect the help given to Scrooge to change his life 7 8 Commentators have suggested that the surname was partly inspired by the word scrouge meaning crowd or squeeze 8 9 10 The word was in use from 1820 11 Kelly writes that Scrooge may have been influenced by Dickens conflicting feelings for his father whom he loved and demonised This psychological conflict may be responsible for the two radically different Scrooges in the tale one a cold stingy recluse the other a benevolent loving man 12 Robert Douglas Fairhurst a professor of English literature considers that in the opening part of the book portraying young Scrooge s lonely and unhappy childhood and his aspiration to rise from poverty to riches is something of a self parody of Dickens s fears about himself the post transformation parts of the book are how Dickens optimistically sees himself 13 One school of thought is that Dickens based Scrooge s views of the poor on those of political economist and demographer Thomas Malthus as evidenced by his callous attitude towards the surplus population 14 15 And the Union workhouses The treadmill and the Poor Law are in full vigour then are a reflection of a sarcastic question raised by the reactionary philosopher Thomas Carlyle Are there not treadmills gibbets even hospitals poor rates New Poor Law 16 e There are literary precursors for Scrooge in Dickens s own works Peter Ackroyd Dickens s biographer sees similarities between Scrooge and the title character of Martin Chuzzlewit although the latter is a more fantastic image than the former Ackroyd observes that Chuzzlewit s transformation to a charitable man is parallel to that of Scrooge 18 Douglas Fairhurst sees that the minor character Gabriel Grub from The Pickwick Papers was also an influence when creating Scrooge 19 f Analysis editScrooge s character particularly how it changes throughout A Christmas Carol has been the subject of several analyses 21 22 23 In other media editThe character of Scrooge McDuck created by Carl Barks was at least partially based on Ebenezer Scrooge I began to think of the great Dickens Christmas story about Scrooge I was just thief enough to steal some of the idea and have a rich uncle for Donald 24 Portrayals editThis section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Ebenezer Scrooge news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message Richard John Smith in A Christmas Carol or Past Present and Future 1844 Tom Ricketts in A Christmas Carol 1908 Marc McDermott in 1910 Seymour Hicks in Scrooge 1913 and again in Scrooge 1935 Rupert Julian in 1916 Russell Thorndike in 1923 Bransby Williams in 1928 and 1936 1950 on television Lionel Barrymore on radio 1934 1935 1937 1939 1953 John Barrymore in 1936 on radio for ailing brother Lionel Orson Welles in 1938 on radio replacing Lionel Barrymore for one appearance only Reginald Owen in 1938 Claude Rains in 1940 on radio Ronald Colman in 1941 on radio and again in 1949 John Carradine in 1947 on radio and television Taylor Holmes in 1949 Alastair Sim in 1951 and again in 1971 voice Fredric March in 1954 Basil Rathbone in 1956 and 1958 John McIntire in 1957 Stan Freberg in Green Chri tma 1958 Jim Backus as Mr Magoo in Mister Magoo s Christmas Carol 1962 Cyril Ritchard in 1964 Sterling Hayden as Daniel Grudge in Rod Serling s A Carol for Another Christmas 1964 Wilfrid Brambell in a 1966 radio musical version adapted from his Broadway role Sid James in the Carry On Christmas Specials 1969 Ron Haddrick in the animated TV film A Christmas Carol 1969 and again in the Australian animated film A Christmas Carol 1982 Albert Finney in 1970 Paul Frees in Santa Claus Is Comin To Town 1970 Marcel Marceau in 1973 Michael Hordern in 1977 Rich Little as W C Fields playing Scrooge in Rich Little s Christmas Carol 1978 Walter Matthau voice in The Stingiest Man in Town 1978 Henry Winkler as Benedict Slade in An American Christmas Carol 1979 Hoyt Axton as Cyrus Flint in Skinflint A Country Christmas Carol 1979 Mel Blanc as Yosemite Sam in Bugs Bunny s Christmas Carol 1979 Caroll Spinney as Oscar the Grouch in A Special Sesame Street Christmas 1979 and again in A Sesame Street Christmas Carol 2006 Alan Young as Scrooge McDuck in Mickey s Christmas Carol 1983 George C Scott in 1984 Mel Blanc as Mr Spacely in The Jetsons episode A Jetson Christmas Carol 1985 Oliver Muirhead as Constable Scrooge in A Christmas Held Captive 1986 John Duda as Scrooge as a boy for Goodman Theatre 1987 25 Bill Murray as Frank Cross in Scrooged 1988 Buddy Hackett as himself played Scrooge in the film within a film Rowan Atkinson as Ebenezer Blackadder in Blackadder s Christmas Carol 1988 Michael Caine in The Muppet Christmas Carol 1992 Jeffrey Sanzel has appeared in more than 1 000 stage performances since 1992 Frank Welker as Thaddeus Plotz in the Animaniacs episode A Christmas Plotz 1993 James Earl Jones in Bah Humbug 1994 Henry Corden as Fred Flintstone in A Flintstones Christmas Carol 1994 Walter Charles Tony Randall Terrence Mann Hal Linden Roddy McDowall F Murray Abraham Frank Langella Tony Roberts Roger Daltrey Jonathan Freeman and Jim Dale in the stage version of Alan Menken s musical Susan Lucci as Elizabeth Ebbie Scrooge in Ebbie 1995 Tenniel Evans in Focus on the Family Radio Theatre s version of A Christmas Carol 1996 Cicely Tyson as Ebenita Scrooge in Ms Scrooge 1997 Tim Curry voice in 1997 A Christmas Carol the Theater at Madison Square Garden 2001 play Jack Palance in 1998 Patrick Stewart in 1999 Vanessa Williams as Ebony Scrooge in A Diva s Christmas Carol 2000 Ross Kemp as Eddie Scrooge in 2000 Adrienne Carter as Annie Redfeather as Annie Scrooge in Adventures from the Book of Virtues Compassion Pt 1 amp 2 2000 Dean Jones in Scrooge and Marley 2001 Simon Callow voice in Christmas Carol The Movie 2001 Tori Spelling as Scroogette Carol Cartman in A Carol Christmas 2003 Kelsey Grammer in 2004 Helen Fraser as Sylvia Hollamby in Bad Girls 2006 Christmas Special Joe Alaskey as Daffy Duck in Bah Humduck A Looney Tunes Christmas 2006 Morwenna Banks as Eden Starling Barbie in Barbie in A Christmas Carol 2008 Kevin Farley as Michael Malone in An American Carol 2008 Jim Carrey in 2009 Carrey also played the three spirits haunting Scrooge 26 Catherine Tate as Nan in Nan s Christmas Carol 2009 Matthew McConaughey as Connor Dutch Mead in Ghosts of Girlfriends Past 2009 Christina Milian as Sloane Spencer in Christmas Cupid 2010 Mark Rhodes in the 2010 Christmas special of Sam amp Mark s TMi Friday Eric Braeden as Victor Newman in Victor s Christmas Carol on The Young and the Restless December 2010 Michael Gambon as Kazran Sardick in A Christmas Carol on Doctor Who December 2010 27 28 Brenda Song as London Tipton in The Suite Life on Deck episode A London Carol 2010 George Lopez as Grouchy Smurf in the 2011 film The Smurfs A Christmas Carol Emmanuelle Vaugier as Carol Huffman in the 2012 TV film It s Christmas Carol Andy Day in the 2013 CBeebies pantomime A CBeebies Christmas Carol Robert Powell in Neil Brand s 2014 BBC Radio 4 adaptation of A Christmas Carol 29 Ned Dennehy in the BBC drama Dickensian 2015 Kerry Shale as Diesel in the Thomas amp Friends episode Diesel s Ghostly Christmas 2015 Jason Graae in the musical Scrooge in Love 2016 30 Kelly Sheridan as Starlight Glimmer playing Snowfall Frost in the My Little Pony Friendship Is Magic episode A Hearth s Warming Tail 2016 Henry Shields as Chris Bean with Henry Lewis as Robert Grove attempting to take over with the role being usurped from Derek Jacobi to begin with in Mischief Theatre s A Christmas Carol Goes Wrong 2017 Christopher Plummer in The Man Who Invented Christmas 2017 Denny Laine in Decker Double Decker 2017 Stuart Brennan in 2018 31 Guy Pearce in the BBC FX miniseries 2019 Nicholas Farrell in A Christmas Carol A Ghost Story 2021 32 Will Ferrell in Spirited 2022 Luke Evans voice in Scrooge A Christmas Carol 2022 Paul Giamatti in a series of Verizon commercialsSee also editGrinchNotes edit Scrooge s type of business is not directly stated in the original work Victorian period adaptations often depict him as a money lender but also as a mercantile executive 1951 or commodity trader 1984 Illustration by Sol Eytinge Jr 1868 Illustration by John Leech 1843 original illustration by John Leech 1843 Carlyle s original question was written in his 1840 work Chartism 17 Grub s name came from a 19th century Dutch miser Gabriel de Graaf a morose gravedigger 20 References edit Revealed the Scot who inspired Dickens Scrooge The Scotsman 24 December 2004 Retrieved 14 January 2020 Details of Scroggie s life are sparse but he was a vintner as well as a corn merchant BBC Arts That Ebenezer geezer who was the real Scrooge BBC Retrieved 30 April 2016 Pelling Rowan 7 February 2014 Mr Punch is still knocking them dead after 350 years The Telegraph Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Retrieved 16 June 2017 Melvin Eric 2014 A walk through Edinburgh s New Town Scotland p 63 ISBN 9781500122010 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Silence Rebecca 2015 Gloucester History Tour Amberley Publishing Limited p 40 Dickens Charles 1999 Letter to George Holsworth 18 January 1865 In House Madeline Storey Graham Brown Margaret Tillotson Kathleen eds The Letters of Charles Dickens Oxford England Oxford University Press p 7 Kincaid Cheryl Anne 2009 Hearing the Gospel through Charles Dickens s A Christmas Carol 2 ed Cambridge England Cambridge Scholars Publishing pp 7 8 ISBN 978 1443817981 Retrieved 24 December 2014 a b Pearson Richard 9 December 2014 Why did Charles Dickens invent Scrooge The Independent Retrieved 30 November 2020 Scrooge is also a real word Spelled slightly differently scrouge scrowge or scroodge is an old word meaning to squeeze someone to encroach on their space making them feel uncomfortable Cereno Benito 14 December 2018 The real man who inspired Ebenezer Scrooge Grunge com Retrieved 30 November 2020 Definition of SCROUGE www merriam webster com Retrieved 30 November 2020 Why did Charles Dickens choose the name Ebenezer Scrooge www londonguidedwalks co uk Retrieved 30 November 2020 The word is also a blend of scrouge the verb to squeeze or to press used 1820 1830 itself being a blend of crew and bruise and gouge Kelly 2003 p 14 Douglas Fairhurst 2006 p xix Elwell Frank W 2 November 2001 Reclaiming Malthus Rogers State University Archived from the original on 24 March 2017 Retrieved 13 January 2017 Nasar Sylvia 2011 Grand pursuit the story of economic genius 1st Simon amp Schuster hardcover ed New York City Simon amp Schuster pp 3 10 ISBN 978 0 684 87298 8 Douglas Fairhurst 2006 p xiii Carlyle 1840 p 32 Ackroyd 1990 p 409 Douglas Fairhurst 2006 p xviii Alleyne 2007 Alleyne 2007 Clarke Joseph Jody H December 2009 The Metapsychology of Character Change A Case Study of Ebenezer Scrooge Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health 11 4 248 263 doi 10 1080 19349630903310039 ISSN 1934 9637 S2CID 145082385 McReynolds Joseph Clayton 2020 From Humbug to Humility Learning How to Know with Ebenezer Scrooge Dickens Studies Annual Essays on Victorian Fiction 51 1 20 39 doi 10 5325 dickstudannu 51 1 0020 ISSN 2167 8510 S2CID 216343006 Smith Joanmarie Summer 1983 The Religious Conversion of Ebenezer Scrooge Religious Education 78 3 355 361 doi 10 1080 0034408300780307 THE DREAM OF THREE LIFETIMES TRANSLATION AND TRANSNATIONALITY IN DONALD DUCK COMICS etda libraries psu edu Retrieved 9 September 2023 Boulware Hugh 30 November 1987 For These Lads Carol Seems Like Play Chicago Tribune Fleming Michael Jim Carrey set for Christmas Carol Zemeckis directing Dickens adaptation Variety 2007 07 06 Retrieved on 2007 09 11 Doctor Who Christmas Special A Christmas Carol Retrieved 22 November 2010 Christmas Day Radio Times 347 4520 174 December 2010 BBC Radio 4 Saturday Drama A Christmas Carol BBC Heymont George 29 January 2016 Rule Britannia Huffington Post Retrieved 30 September 2016 From Charles Dickens to Michael Caine here are the five best Scrooges The Independent 19 December 2018 Cremona Patrick Mark Gatiss s A Christmas Carol A Ghost Story is coming to cinemas Radio Times October 2022Citations editAckroyd Peter 1990 Dickens London Sinclair Stevenson ISBN 978 1 85619 000 8 Alleyne Richard 24 December 2007 Real Scrooge was Dutch gravedigger The Daily Telegraph Archived from the original on 11 January 2022 Carlyle Thomas 1840 Chartism London J Fraser OCLC 247585901 DeVito Carlo 2014 Inventing Scrooge Kindle ed Kennebunkport ME Cider Mill Press ISBN 978 1 60433 555 2 Dickens Charles 1843 A Christmas Carol London Chapman and Hall OCLC 181675592 Douglas Fairhurst Robert 2006 Introduction In Dickens Charles ed A Christmas Carol and other Christmas Books Oxford Oxford University Press pp vii xxix ISBN 978 0 19 920474 8 Elwell Frank W 2 November 2001 Reclaiming Malthus Rogers State University Archived from the original on 24 March 2017 Retrieved 13 January 2017 Gordon Alexander 2008 Elwes John 1714 1789 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online ed Oxford University Press doi 10 1093 ref odnb 8776 Retrieved 13 January 2016 Subscription or UK public library membership required Jordan John O 2001 The Cambridge Companion to Charles Dickens Cambridge Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0 521 66964 1 Kelly Richard Michael 2003 Introduction In Dickens Charles ed A Christmas Carol Ontario Broadway Press pp 9 30 ISBN 978 1 55111 476 7 Sillence Rebecca 2015 Gloucester History Tour Stroud Glos Amberley Publishing ISBN 978 1 4456 4859 0 External links edit Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ebenezer Scrooge amp oldid 1190784141, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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