"Leaf bug" redirects here. For the insect that resembles a leaf, see Phylliidae.
The Miridae are a large and diverse insect family at one time known by the taxonomic synonymCapsidae.[1] Species in the family may be referred to as capsid bugs or "mirid bugs". Common names include plant bugs, leaf bugs, and grass bugs. It is the largest family of true bugs belonging to the suborder Heteroptera; it includes over 10,000 known species, and new ones are being described constantly. Most widely known mirids are species that are notorious agricultural pests that pierce plant tissues, feed on the sap, and sometimes transmit viral plant diseases. Some species however, are predatory.
A typical mirid species, showing cuneus at the tip of the coriumWing of a species of Miridae, showing cuneus
Miridae are small, terrestrial insects, usually oval-shaped or elongate and measuring less than 12 millimetres (0.5 in) in length. Many of them have a hunched look, because of the shape of the prothorax, which carries the head bent down. Some are brightly coloured and attractively patterned, others drab or dark, most being inconspicuous. Some genera are ant mimics at certain stages of life. Miridae do not have any ocelli. Their rostrum has four segments. One useful feature in identifying members of the family is the presence of a cuneus; it is the triangular tip of the corium, the firm, sclerotized part of the forewing, the hemelytron. The cuneus is visible in nearly all Miridae, and only in a few other Hemiptera, notably the family Anthocoridae, which are not much like the Miridae in other ways. The tarsi almost always have three segments.[2]
Some mirid speciesedit
Lygus bugs (Lygus spp.), including the tarnished and western tarnished plant bugs, are serious pests in the cotton, strawberry, and alfalfa industries.
This family includes a large number of species, many of which are still unknown, distributed in more than 1300 genera. The taxonomic tree includes the following subfamilies and numerous tribes:
^Henry, T. J. and A. G. Wheeler, Jr., 1988A. Family Miridae Hahn, 1833 (= Capsidae Burmeister, 1835). The plant bugs, pp. 251--507. In: Henry, T. J. and R. C. Froeschner (eds.), Catalog of the Heteroptera, or True Bugs of Canada and the Continental United States. E. J. Brill, Leiden.
^Richards, O. W.; Davies, R.G. (1977). Imms' General Textbook of Entomology: Volume 1: Structure, Physiology and Development Volume 2: Classification and Biology. Berlin: Springer. ISBN0-412-61390-5.
^McGregor, Robert R.; Gillespie, David R.; Quiring, Donald M.J.; Foisy, Mitch R.J. (1999). "Potential Use of Dicyphus hesperus Knight (Heteroptera: Miridae) for Biological Control of Pests of Greenhouse Tomatoes". Biological Control. 16 (1): 104–110. doi:10.1006/bcon.1999.0743.
^ Junggon, Kim; Hong, Ki Min; Woon, Kee Paek; Sunghoon, Jung (2017). "Two new records of the subfamily Deraeocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae) from the Korean Peninsula". Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity. 10 (3): 396–398. doi:10.1016/j.japb.2017.05.001.
Further readingedit
Cassis, G.; Schuh, R. T. (2012). "Systematics, Biodiversity, Biogeography, and Host Associations of the Miridae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Cimicomorpha)". Annual Review of Entomology. 57: 377–404. doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-121510-133533. PMID 22149267.
Wheeler, Alfred George Jr. (2001). Biology of the plant bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae), pests, predators, opportunists. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. ISBN978-0-8014-3827-1. Google books preview
miridae, leaf, redirects, here, insect, that, resembles, leaf, phylliidae, large, diverse, insect, family, time, known, taxonomic, synonym, capsidae, species, family, referred, capsid, bugs, mirid, bugs, common, names, include, plant, bugs, leaf, bugs, grass, . Leaf bug redirects here For the insect that resembles a leaf see Phylliidae The Miridae are a large and diverse insect family at one time known by the taxonomic synonym Capsidae 1 Species in the family may be referred to as capsid bugs or mirid bugs Common names include plant bugs leaf bugs and grass bugs It is the largest family of true bugs belonging to the suborder Heteroptera it includes over 10 000 known species and new ones are being described constantly Most widely known mirids are species that are notorious agricultural pests that pierce plant tissues feed on the sap and sometimes transmit viral plant diseases Some species however are predatory Miridae Rhabdomiris striatellus Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Arthropoda Class Insecta Order Hemiptera Suborder Heteroptera Superfamily Miroidea Family MiridaeHahn 1831 Type species Cimex striatus L Subfamilies Bryocorinae Baerensprung 1860 Cylapinae Kirkaldy 1903 Deraeocorinae Douglas amp Scott 1865 Isometopinae Fieber 1860 Mirinae Hahn 1833 Orthotylinae Van Duzee 1916 Phylinae Douglas amp Scott 1865 Psallopinae Schuh 1976 Synonyms Capsidae Burmeister 1835 Contents 1 Description 2 Some mirid species 3 Systematics 3 1 Psallopinae 3 2 Genera Incertae sedis 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External linksDescription edit nbsp A typical mirid species showing cuneus at the tip of the corium nbsp Wing of a species of Miridae showing cuneus Miridae are small terrestrial insects usually oval shaped or elongate and measuring less than 12 millimetres 0 5 in in length Many of them have a hunched look because of the shape of the prothorax which carries the head bent down Some are brightly coloured and attractively patterned others drab or dark most being inconspicuous Some genera are ant mimics at certain stages of life Miridae do not have any ocelli Their rostrum has four segments One useful feature in identifying members of the family is the presence of a cuneus it is the triangular tip of the corium the firm sclerotized part of the forewing the hemelytron The cuneus is visible in nearly all Miridae and only in a few other Hemiptera notably the family Anthocoridae which are not much like the Miridae in other ways The tarsi almost always have three segments 2 Some mirid species editLygus bugs Lygus spp including the tarnished and western tarnished plant bugs are serious pests in the cotton strawberry and alfalfa industries Stenotus binotatus a minor pest of cereal crops especially wheat Apple dimpling bug Campylomma liebknechti damages apple blossoms and small growing fruits Mosquito bugs Helopeltis and Afropeltis spp that infest various crops including tea cacao and cotton Honeylocust plant bug Diaphnocoris chlorionis damages foliage on honeylocust trees nbsp Creontiades dilutus Green mirid Creontiades dilutus damages many types of field crops Potato capsid Closterotomus norwegicus is a noted pest of potato and clover plants in New Zealand Deraeocoris nebulosus prefers other insects to plants in its diet and has been used as a biocontrol agent against mites and scale insects citation needed Dicyphus hesperus sucks sap from various plants and preys on whitefly and red spider mites and can be used in biological pest control 3 Systematics editThis family includes a large number of species many of which are still unknown distributed in more than 1300 genera The taxonomic tree includes the following subfamilies and numerous tribes Bryocorinae Bryocorini Dicyphini Eccritotarsini Cylapinae Cylapini Fulviini Deraeocorinae 4 Clivinematini Deraeocorini Hyaliodini Saturniomirini Surinamellini Termatophylini Isometopinae Diphlebini Isometopini Mirinae Herdoniini Hyalopeplini Mirini Pithanini Restheniini Stenodemini source source source source source source source source Globiceps sp oviposition Orthotylini Orthotylinae Ceratocapsini Halticini Orthotylini Phylinae Hallodapini Leucophoropterini Phylini Pilophorini Psallopinae edit Auth Schuh 1976 Isometopsallops Herczek amp Popov 1992 Psallops Usinger 1946 Cylapopsallops Popov amp Herczek 2006 Epigonopsallops Herczek amp Popov 2009 Genera Incertae sedis edit BioLib includes Amulacoris Carvalho amp China 1959 Anniessa Kirkaldy 1903 Auchus Distant 1893 Bahiarmiris Carvalho 1977 Brasiliocarnus Kerzhner amp Schuh 1995 Carmelinus Carvalho amp Gomes 1972 Carmelus Drake amp Harris 1932 Chaetophylidea Knight 1968 Charitides Kerzhner 1962 Colimacoris Schaffner amp Carvalho 1985 Cylapocerus Carvalho amp Fontes 1968 Dimorphocoris Reuter 1890 Duckecylapus Carvalho 1982 Englemania Carvalho 1985 Eurycipitia Reuter 1905 Faliscomiris Kerzhner amp Schuh 1998 Fuscus Distant 1884 Guerrerocoris Carvalho amp China 1959 Gunhadya monotypic Gunhadya rubrofasciata Distant 1920 Heterocoris Guerin Meneville in Sagra 1857 Knightocoris Carvalho amp China 1951 Leonomiris Kerzhner amp Schuh 1998 Macrotyloides Van Duzee 1916 Merinocapsus Knight 1968 Mircarvalhoia Kerzhner amp Schuh 1998 Montagneria Akingbohungbe 1978 Muirmiris Carvalho 1983 Myochroocoris Reuter 1909 Nesosylphas Kirkaldy 1908 Notolobus Reuter 1908 Nymannus Distant 1904 Paracoriscus Kerzhner amp Schuh 1998 Paraguayna Carvalho 1986 Prodomopsis TBD Prodomus TBD Pseudobryocoris Distant 1884 Pygophorisca Carvalho amp Wallerstein 1978 Rayeria TBD Rewafulvia Carvalho 1972 Rhynacloa Reuter Rondonisca Carvalho amp Costa 1994 Rondonoides Carvalho amp Costa 1994 Rondonotylus Carvalho amp Costa 1994 Spanogonicus Berg Sthenaridia TBD Zoilus Distant 1884References edit Henry T J and A G Wheeler Jr 1988A Family Miridae Hahn 1833 Capsidae Burmeister 1835 The plant bugs pp 251 507 In Henry T J and R C Froeschner eds Catalog of the Heteroptera or True Bugs of Canada and the Continental United States E J Brill Leiden Richards O W Davies R G 1977 Imms General Textbook of Entomology Volume 1 Structure Physiology and Development Volume 2 Classification and Biology Berlin Springer ISBN 0 412 61390 5 McGregor Robert R Gillespie David R Quiring Donald M J Foisy Mitch R J 1999 Potential Use of Dicyphus hesperus Knight Heteroptera Miridae for Biological Control of Pests of Greenhouse Tomatoes Biological Control 16 1 104 110 doi 10 1006 bcon 1999 0743 Junggon Kim Hong Ki Min Woon Kee Paek Sunghoon Jung 2017 Two new records of the subfamily Deraeocorinae Hemiptera Heteroptera Miridae from the Korean Peninsula Journal of Asia Pacific Biodiversity 10 3 396 398 doi 10 1016 j japb 2017 05 001 Further reading editCassis G Schuh R T 2012 Systematics Biodiversity Biogeography and Host Associations of the Miridae Insecta Hemiptera Heteroptera Cimicomorpha Annual Review of Entomology 57 377 404 doi 10 1146 annurev ento 121510 133533 PMID 22149267 Wheeler Alfred George Jr 2001 Biology of the plant bugs Hemiptera Miridae pests predators opportunists Ithaca New York Cornell University Press ISBN 978 0 8014 3827 1 Google books previewExternal links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Miridae nbsp Wikispecies has information related to Miridae PBI Plant Bug Index Link to Al Wheeler s book on the biology of mirids Research on mirids of Southern California at UC Riverside Garden fleahopper on the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Featured Creatures website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Miridae amp oldid 1221598103, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
