fbpx
Wikipedia

Metrosideros fulgens

Metrosideros fulgens (scarlet rātā, rātā vine[1] or in Māori akatawhiwhi[2]) is a forest liana or vine endemic to New Zealand. It occurs in coastal and lowland forest throughout the North Island, on the west coast of the South Island and on the Three Kings Islands north of Cape Reinga. It is one of a number of New Zealand Metrosideros species which live out their lives as vines, unlike the northern rata (M.robusta), which generally begins as a hemi-epiphyte and grows into a huge tree. Scarlet rātā is one of the better-known species of rātā vines, because it flowers in autumn or winter, and is often highly visible on well-lit host trees along forest roads, with vibrant displays of large red flowers (sometimes orange or yellow) that rise above the forest canopy.

Metrosideros fulgens
Metrosideros fulgens produces brilliant red flowers in winter
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Metrosideros
Species:
M. fulgens
Binomial name
Metrosideros fulgens
Sol. ex Gaertn.
Synonyms

Metrosideros scandens
(J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.)
Metrosideros aurata
(Colenso)
Leptospermum scandens
(J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.)
Metrosideros florida
(Sm.)
Nania florida
((Sm.) Kuntze)
Nania scandens
(J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.) Kuntze

Description edit

 
Unfolding stamens of the flower of M. fulgens

Metrosideros fulgens prefers warm moist habitats and grows up to 10m long or more, with the main stem up to 10 cm or more in diameter. It climbs in the same way as ivy, sending out short adventitious roots to adhere to the trunks of host trees, penetrating and clinging to rough surfaces. The climbing shoots of juvenile plants are designed to grow rapidly and extend the length of the plant. The short clinging roots usually die after about a year, so that when the vine is mature, the thick, twisted, rope-like stems hang free from the host like thick, sometimes twisted ropes, with red-brown flaky bark. The leaves are mostly rounded at the tip. Flowering is from autumn to spring, with seed capsules taking about a year to ripen.

Cultivation edit

 
M. fulgens 'Aurata' in bloom

There are several cultivars of M. fulgens available, mostly selected for their flower colours.

  • Metrosideros fulgens ‘Gold’/'Aurata' has bright yellow flowers from late summer to early winter and grows to 1.5 by 1.5 metres, taking several years to reach this size. It has attractive fresh light green foliage, and can be trimmed to form an informal hedge. M. Aurata was first encountered in 1890 near Collingwood by a Mrs S. Featon of Gisborne, and was first thought to be a separate species (Metrosideros aurata).[3][4] M. Gold was the name used when introduced into cultivation, and was sourced in the same area and time as M. Jaffa below.
  • Metrosideros fulgens 'Jaffa' is a compact bush producing brilliant burnt-orange flowers. This cultivar was selected in the mid-1990s from a specimen growing on the Tairua-Whitianga Road in the Coromandel Peninsula by Jenny Oliphant. It has been available since 2001.[4]
  • Metrosideros fulgens 'Orange Princess' was released in 2000 by Duncan & Davies in Taranaki. This cultivar was sourced from the Onaero River valley.[4] Its appearance is very similar to M. Jaffa.
  • Metrosideros fulgens 'Red Glow' is a more "standard" form of M. fulgens and has orangy-red flowers. The source of this cultivar is not known but has only been available for a few years.

In addition to the above cultivars, it is also possible to buy regular forms of M. fulgens through specialist plant nurseries.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Māori Plant Uses Database".
  2. ^ "Akatawhiwhi". Maori Dictionary. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
  3. ^ "M. scandens". The Flora of New Zealand. Landcare Research. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
  4. ^ a b c "Metrosideros in cultivation: Rata and other species" (PDF). New Zealand Garden Journal. 13 (10): 16. 2010.
  • "Metrosideros fulgens". New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. Retrieved 2010-10-03.
  • "Metrosideros scandens". Flora of New Zealand. Retrieved 2007-06-10.
  • "Metrosideros fulgens Gold syn Aurata". Little Wonder Plants. Retrieved 2007-06-10.
  • . Karori Wildlife Sanctuary. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-06-10.
  • . Karori Wildlife Sanctuary. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-06-10.
  • "Honeyeaters and the New Zealand Forest Flora: the Utilisation and Profitability of Small Flowers" (PDF). New Zealand Journal of Ecology (1997) 21(2): 169-179. Retrieved 2007-06-10.
  • Dawson, D., and R. Lucas, 2000. Nature Guide to the New Zealand Forest. Auckland: Random House.
  • Simpson, P., 2005. Pōhutukawa & Rātā: New Zealand's Iron-Hearted Trees. Wellington: Te Papa Press.

External links edit

metrosideros, fulgens, scarlet, rātā, rātā, vine, māori, akatawhiwhi, forest, liana, vine, endemic, zealand, occurs, coastal, lowland, forest, throughout, north, island, west, coast, south, island, three, kings, islands, north, cape, reinga, number, zealand, m. Metrosideros fulgens scarlet rata rata vine 1 or in Maori akatawhiwhi 2 is a forest liana or vine endemic to New Zealand It occurs in coastal and lowland forest throughout the North Island on the west coast of the South Island and on the Three Kings Islands north of Cape Reinga It is one of a number of New Zealand Metrosideros species which live out their lives as vines unlike the northern rata M robusta which generally begins as a hemi epiphyte and grows into a huge tree Scarlet rata is one of the better known species of rata vines because it flowers in autumn or winter and is often highly visible on well lit host trees along forest roads with vibrant displays of large red flowers sometimes orange or yellow that rise above the forest canopy Metrosideros fulgens Metrosideros fulgens produces brilliant red flowers in winter Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Clade Angiosperms Clade Eudicots Clade Rosids Order Myrtales Family Myrtaceae Genus Metrosideros Species M fulgens Binomial name Metrosideros fulgensSol ex Gaertn Synonyms Metrosideros scandens J R Forst amp G Forst Metrosideros aurata Colenso Leptospermum scandens J R Forst amp G Forst Metrosideros florida Sm Nania florida Sm Kuntze Nania scandens J R Forst amp G Forst Kuntze Contents 1 Description 2 Cultivation 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksDescription edit nbsp Unfolding stamens of the flower of M fulgensMetrosideros fulgens prefers warm moist habitats and grows up to 10m long or more with the main stem up to 10 cm or more in diameter It climbs in the same way as ivy sending out short adventitious roots to adhere to the trunks of host trees penetrating and clinging to rough surfaces The climbing shoots of juvenile plants are designed to grow rapidly and extend the length of the plant The short clinging roots usually die after about a year so that when the vine is mature the thick twisted rope like stems hang free from the host like thick sometimes twisted ropes with red brown flaky bark The leaves are mostly rounded at the tip Flowering is from autumn to spring with seed capsules taking about a year to ripen Cultivation edit nbsp M fulgens Aurata in bloom There are several cultivars of M fulgens available mostly selected for their flower colours Metrosideros fulgens Gold Aurata has bright yellow flowers from late summer to early winter and grows to 1 5 by 1 5 metres taking several years to reach this size It has attractive fresh light green foliage and can be trimmed to form an informal hedge M Aurata was first encountered in 1890 near Collingwood by a Mrs S Featon of Gisborne and was first thought to be a separate species Metrosideros aurata 3 4 M Gold was the name used when introduced into cultivation and was sourced in the same area and time as M Jaffa below Metrosideros fulgens Jaffa is a compact bush producing brilliant burnt orange flowers This cultivar was selected in the mid 1990s from a specimen growing on the Tairua Whitianga Road in the Coromandel Peninsula by Jenny Oliphant It has been available since 2001 4 Metrosideros fulgens Orange Princess was released in 2000 by Duncan amp Davies in Taranaki This cultivar was sourced from the Onaero River valley 4 Its appearance is very similar to M Jaffa Metrosideros fulgens Red Glow is a more standard form of M fulgens and has orangy red flowers The source of this cultivar is not known but has only been available for a few years In addition to the above cultivars it is also possible to buy regular forms of M fulgens through specialist plant nurseries See also editCarmine crimson rata Colenso s rata Large white rata Small white rata White rataReferences edit Maori Plant Uses Database Akatawhiwhi Maori Dictionary Retrieved 11 March 2015 M scandens The Flora of New Zealand Landcare Research Retrieved 28 January 2015 a b c Metrosideros in cultivation Rata and other species PDF New Zealand Garden Journal 13 10 16 2010 Metrosideros fulgens New Zealand Plant Conservation Network Retrieved 2010 10 03 Metrosideros scandens Flora of New Zealand Retrieved 2007 06 10 Metrosideros fulgens Gold syn Aurata Little Wonder Plants Retrieved 2007 06 10 Nature s Corner Late Autumn 2004 Flowers fruit and ferns Karori Wildlife Sanctuary Archived from the original on 2007 09 29 Retrieved 2007 06 10 Nature s Corner Mid Summer to Early Autumn 2007 Karori Wildlife Sanctuary Archived from the original on 2007 09 29 Retrieved 2007 06 10 Honeyeaters and the New Zealand Forest Flora the Utilisation and Profitability of Small Flowers PDF New Zealand Journal of Ecology 1997 21 2 169 179 Retrieved 2007 06 10 Dawson D and R Lucas 2000 Nature Guide to the New Zealand Forest Auckland Random House Simpson P 2005 Pōhutukawa amp Rata New Zealand s Iron Hearted Trees Wellington Te Papa Press External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Metrosideros fulgens Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Metrosideros fulgens amp oldid 1209388854, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.