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List of paraphilias

April 30, 2024

Paraphilias are sexual interests in objects, situations, or individuals that are atypical. The American Psychiatric Association, in its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Edition (DSM), draws a distinction between paraphilias (which it describes as atypical sexual interests) and paraphilic disorders (which additionally require the experience of distress, impairment in functioning, and/or the desire to act on them with a nonconsenting person).[1][2] Some paraphilias have more than one term to describe them, and some terms overlap with others. Paraphilias without DSM codes listed come under DSM 302.9, "Paraphilia NOS (Not Otherwise Specified)".

In his 2008 book on sexual pathologies, Anil Aggrawal compiled a list of 547 terms describing paraphilic sexual interests. He cautioned, however, that "not all these paraphilias have necessarily been seen in clinical setups. This may not be because they do not exist, but because they are so innocuous they are never brought to the notice of clinicians or dismissed by them. Like allergies, sexual arousal may occur from anything under the sun, including the sun."[3]

Most of the following names for paraphilias, constructed in the nineteenth and especially twentieth centuries from Greek and Latin roots (see List of medical roots, suffixes and prefixes), are used in medical contexts only.

Paraphilias edit

A edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Abasiophilia People with impaired mobility.[4]
Acrotomophilia People with amputations.[5][6]
Adipophilia (fat fetishism) Overweight or obese people.[7]
Agalmatophilia Statues, mannequins and immobility.[8]
Algolagnia Pain, particularly involving an erogenous zone; differs from masochism as there is a biologically different interpretation of the intense sensation rather than a subjective interpretation.[9]
Amaurophilia Being unable to see.[10][11][12]
Amokoscisia To slash and mutilate women.[13]
Andromimetophilia Trans men.[4][14]
Anililagnia Attraction by young men to older women.[15]
Anthropophagolagnia Raping and then cannibalizing another person.[16]
Anthropophagy Ingesting human flesh.[16]
Apotemnophilia Being an amputee.[5][17]
Aquaphilia A sexual fetish that involves people swimming, posing, or even drowning in water.
Asphyxiophilia Being asphyxiated or strangled.[5]
Attraction to disability People with one or more physical disabilities.[18]
Autagonistophilia Being on stage or on camera.[19][20]
Autassassinophilia Being in life-threatening situations.[5]
Autoandrophilia Sexual arousal of a female in response to the image of herself as male.[21]
Autoerotic asphyxiation Self-induced asphyxiation, sometimes to the point of near unconsciousness.[20]
Autogynephilia Sexual arousal of a male in response to the image of himself as female.[21]
Autohemofetishism Making oneself bleed, a type of hematolagnia.[22]
Autonepiophilia The image of oneself in the form of an infant.[19]
Autopedophilia The image of oneself in the form of a child.[23]
Autoplushophilia The image of oneself in the form of a plush.[23]
Autovampirism/Vampirism The image of oneself in the form of a vampire.[24][25][26] Involves ingesting or seeing one's own blood.[22]
Autozoophilia The image of oneself in the form of an animal.[27][28]

B edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Belly fetish/Alvinolagnia The midriff or belly.
Biastophilia/Raptophilia Raping a person, possibly consensual rape fantasy.[5][19]

C edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Candaulism Exposing one's partner or images of their partner to others.
Canophilia Dogs[29]
Capnolagnia Smoking.[30]
Cheirophilia Hands.
Chremastistophilia Being robbed or held up.[19]
Chronophilia Partners of a widely differing chronological age.[19]
Coprophilia Feces; also known as scat, scatophilia or fecophilia.[2][31]
Crurophilia Legs.[32]
Cuckolding fetish Infidelity.[33]

D edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Dacryphilia Tears or crying.[34]
Diaper fetishism Diapers; considerable overlap with paraphilic infantilism.[35]
Dendrophilia Trees.[5]
Dormaphilia/Somnophilia Being asleep, or pretending to sleep.[36]

E edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Emetophilia Vomit.[4]
Eproctophilia Flatulence.[3]
Erotic asphyxiation Asphyxia of oneself or others.[37]
Erotophonophilia/Dacnolagnomania Murder, often of strangers.[16]
Exhibitionism Exposing one's genitals to unsuspecting and nonconsenting others.[2]
Exophilia Extraterrestrials[38]

F edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Feederism Eating, feeding, and weight gain.[39]
Fictophilia Fictional characters.[40]
Formicophilia Being crawled on by insects.[19][41]
Forniphilia Turning a human being into a piece of furniture.
Frotteurism Rubbing against a non-consenting person.[2]

G edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Gerontophilia Elderly people.[42]
Gynandromorphophilia/Gynemimetophilia Transgender women.[4][43]
Galactophilia Breastfeeding or sucking on a woman's breasts.[44]
Gynephilia Females or femininity, regardless of one's own sex or gender identity[45]

H edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Hematolagnia Drinking or looking at blood.[46]
Heterophilia Idealization of heterosexuality and/or people who are "straight-acting", especially by non-heterosexual people.[47][48][49]
Hierophilia Religious/sacred objects.[12]
Hoplophilia Firearms, guns.[50]
Hybristophilia Criminals, particularly those who committed cruel or outrageous crimes.[19][51]

I edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Infantophilia Children less than five years old; a recently suggested term that is not in general use.[52]
Impregnation fetishism The event of being impregnated or impregnating another person.[53]

K edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Kleptophilia Stealing; also known as kleptolagnia.[4]
Klismaphilia Enemas, arousal and enjoyment in receiving, administering, or both.[4][54]
Knismolagnia Tickling[55]

L edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Lactophilia Breast milk.[56]
Liquidophilia Immersing genitals in liquids.[56]

M edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Macrophilia Giant beings; imagined growth of beings.[56]
Maschalagnia Armpits.[3]
Mazophilia Female breasts.
Masochism Suffering or humiliation; being beaten, bound, or otherwise abused.[2]
Maiesiophilia Pregnant women.[57]
Mechanophilia Cars or other machines; also "mechaphilia".[58][59][60]
Melolagnia Music.[61]
Menophilia Menstruation.[56]
Metrophilia Poetry.[61]
Microphilia Shrunken beings; imagined shrinking of beings.[56]
Morphophilia Particular body shapes or sizes.[20]
Mucophilia Mucus.[56]
Mysophilia Dirtiness, soiled or decaying things.[4]

N edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Narratophilia Obscene words.[4]
Nasophilia Noses.[56]
Navel fetishism Navel.
Nebulophilia Fog or smoke.[62]
Necrophilia Corpses.[2][4][63]

O edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Objectophilia Specific inanimate objects.[2]
Oculolinctus The act of licking the eyes of another person for the purpose of gratification.
Odaxelagnia Biting or being bitten.
Olfactophilia/Bromidrophilia Smells and odors (particularly foul ones) emanating from the body, especially the sexual areas and/or from the opposite sex (as from bad breath, urine, feces, flatulence, etc.).[4][19]
Omorashi Having a full bladder and/or wetting oneself, or from seeing someone else experiencing a full bladder and/or wetting themself.

P edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Paraphilic infantilism Dressing or being treated like a baby, also known as autonepiophilia[19] or "adult baby syndrome";[64] considerable overlap with diaper fetishism.[35]
Partialism Specific, non-genital body parts.[2][4]
Pedophilia Prepubescent children; also spelled paedophilia.[2][65]
Peodeiktophilia Exposing one's private parts.[5]
Pedovestism Dressing like a child.[66]
Podophilia Feet.[67]
Pictophilia Pornography or erotic art, particularly pictures.[4][19]
Piquerism Piercing the flesh of another person, most commonly by stabbing or cutting the body with sharp objects.[68]
Plushophilia Stuffed toys ("plushies").[69]
Pygophilia Buttocks.[70]
Pyrophilia Fire.[71]

R edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Robophilia Humanoid robots.

S edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Salirophilia Soiling or dirtying others.[4]
Sexual fetishism Nonliving objects.[2]
Sexual sadism Inflicting pain on others.[2]
Shoe fetishism Shoes, especially high heels.
Somnophilia Sleeping or unconscious people.[4][19]
Sophophilia Learning.[72]
Sthenolagnia Muscles and displays of strength.[56]
Stigmatophilia Body piercings and tattoos.[5][56]
Symphorophilia Witnessing or staging disasters such as car accidents.[5]
Telephone scatologia Obscene phone calls, particularly to strangers; also known as telephonicophilia[2][19] and scatophilia.[73]

T edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Teratophilia Deformed or monstrous people.[3] The term is also sometimes used in a more literal sense (from ancient Greek τέρας, teras, meaning monster) for attraction to monstrous mythical and fictional creatures such as werewolves.
Toucherism Touching an unsuspecting, non-consenting person with the hand.[74]
Toxophilia Archery.[61]
Transvestic fetishism Recurrent and intense sexual arousal from cross-dressing which causes clinically significant distress or impairment.[75]
Transvestophilia A cross-dressing sexual partner.[19]
Trichophilia Hair.[56]
Troilism Observing one's partner engaged in sexual activities with another person.[4][20]
Timophilia Gold, wealth, or social status.[76]

U edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Urolagnia Urination, particularly in public, on others, and/or being urinated on. Also referred to as "water sports".[2][4][19][20]

V edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Vorarephilia The idea of one person or creature eating or being eaten by another; usually swallowed whole, in one piece; also known as vore.[77]
Voyeurism Watching others while naked or having sex, generally without their knowledge; also known as scopophilia or scoptophilia.[2][20]

W edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Wet and messy fetishism Messy situations, including, but not limited to, being pied, slimed or covered in mud.

X edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Xenophilia Foreign peoples, cultures, or customs.[78]

Z edit

Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest
Zoophilia Non-human animals.[2][4][19]
Zoosadism Inflicting pain on animals, or seeing animals in pain.[79]

See also edit

References edit

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April 30, 2024
list, paraphilias, paraphilias, sexual, interests, objects, situations, individuals, that, atypical, american, psychiatric, association, diagnostic, statistical, manual, fifth, edition, draws, distinction, between, paraphilias, which, describes, atypical, sexu. Paraphilias are sexual interests in objects situations or individuals that are atypical The American Psychiatric Association in its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Fifth Edition DSM draws a distinction between paraphilias which it describes as atypical sexual interests and paraphilic disorders which additionally require the experience of distress impairment in functioning and or the desire to act on them with a nonconsenting person 1 2 Some paraphilias have more than one term to describe them and some terms overlap with others Paraphilias without DSM codes listed come under DSM 302 9 Paraphilia NOS Not Otherwise Specified ParaphiliaSpecialtyPsychiatry In his 2008 book on sexual pathologies Anil Aggrawal compiled a list of 547 terms describing paraphilic sexual interests He cautioned however that not all these paraphilias have necessarily been seen in clinical setups This may not be because they do not exist but because they are so innocuous they are never brought to the notice of clinicians or dismissed by them Like allergies sexual arousal may occur from anything under the sun including the sun 3 Most of the following names for paraphilias constructed in the nineteenth and especially twentieth centuries from Greek and Latin roots see List of medical roots suffixes and prefixes are used in medical contexts only Contents A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZParaphilias editA edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Abasiophilia People with impaired mobility 4 Acrotomophilia People with amputations 5 6 Adipophilia fat fetishism Overweight or obese people 7 Agalmatophilia Statues mannequins and immobility 8 Algolagnia Pain particularly involving an erogenous zone differs from masochism as there is a biologically different interpretation of the intense sensation rather than a subjective interpretation 9 Amaurophilia Being unable to see 10 11 12 Amokoscisia To slash and mutilate women 13 Andromimetophilia Trans men 4 14 Anililagnia Attraction by young men to older women 15 Anthropophagolagnia Raping and then cannibalizing another person 16 Anthropophagy Ingesting human flesh 16 Apotemnophilia Being an amputee 5 17 Aquaphilia A sexual fetish that involves people swimming posing or even drowning in water Asphyxiophilia Being asphyxiated or strangled 5 Attraction to disability People with one or more physical disabilities 18 Autagonistophilia Being on stage or on camera 19 20 Autassassinophilia Being in life threatening situations 5 Autoandrophilia Sexual arousal of a female in response to the image of herself as male 21 Autoerotic asphyxiation Self induced asphyxiation sometimes to the point of near unconsciousness 20 Autogynephilia Sexual arousal of a male in response to the image of himself as female 21 Autohemofetishism Making oneself bleed a type of hematolagnia 22 Autonepiophilia The image of oneself in the form of an infant 19 Autopedophilia The image of oneself in the form of a child 23 Autoplushophilia The image of oneself in the form of a plush 23 Autovampirism Vampirism The image of oneself in the form of a vampire 24 25 26 Involves ingesting or seeing one s own blood 22 Autozoophilia The image of oneself in the form of an animal 27 28 B edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Belly fetish Alvinolagnia The midriff or belly Biastophilia Raptophilia Raping a person possibly consensual rape fantasy 5 19 C edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Candaulism Exposing one s partner or images of their partner to others Canophilia Dogs 29 Capnolagnia Smoking 30 Cheirophilia Hands Chremastistophilia Being robbed or held up 19 Chronophilia Partners of a widely differing chronological age 19 Coprophilia Feces also known as scat scatophilia or fecophilia 2 31 Crurophilia Legs 32 Cuckolding fetish Infidelity 33 D edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Dacryphilia Tears or crying 34 Diaper fetishism Diapers considerable overlap with paraphilic infantilism 35 Dendrophilia Trees 5 Dormaphilia Somnophilia Being asleep or pretending to sleep 36 E edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Emetophilia Vomit 4 Eproctophilia Flatulence 3 Erotic asphyxiation Asphyxia of oneself or others 37 Erotophonophilia Dacnolagnomania Murder often of strangers 16 Exhibitionism Exposing one s genitals to unsuspecting and nonconsenting others 2 Exophilia Extraterrestrials 38 F edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Feederism Eating feeding and weight gain 39 Fictophilia Fictional characters 40 Formicophilia Being crawled on by insects 19 41 Forniphilia Turning a human being into a piece of furniture Frotteurism Rubbing against a non consenting person 2 G edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Gerontophilia Elderly people 42 Gynandromorphophilia Gynemimetophilia Transgender women 4 43 Galactophilia Breastfeeding or sucking on a woman s breasts 44 Gynephilia Females or femininity regardless of one s own sex or gender identity 45 H edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Hematolagnia Drinking or looking at blood 46 Heterophilia Idealization of heterosexuality and or people who are straight acting especially by non heterosexual people 47 48 49 Hierophilia Religious sacred objects 12 Hoplophilia Firearms guns 50 Hybristophilia Criminals particularly those who committed cruel or outrageous crimes 19 51 I edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Infantophilia Children less than five years old a recently suggested term that is not in general use 52 Impregnation fetishism The event of being impregnated or impregnating another person 53 K edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Kleptophilia Stealing also known as kleptolagnia 4 Klismaphilia Enemas arousal and enjoyment in receiving administering or both 4 54 Knismolagnia Tickling 55 L edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Lactophilia Breast milk 56 Liquidophilia Immersing genitals in liquids 56 M edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Macrophilia Giant beings imagined growth of beings 56 Maschalagnia Armpits 3 Mazophilia Female breasts Masochism Suffering or humiliation being beaten bound or otherwise abused 2 Maiesiophilia Pregnant women 57 Mechanophilia Cars or other machines also mechaphilia 58 59 60 Melolagnia Music 61 Menophilia Menstruation 56 Metrophilia Poetry 61 Microphilia Shrunken beings imagined shrinking of beings 56 Morphophilia Particular body shapes or sizes 20 Mucophilia Mucus 56 Mysophilia Dirtiness soiled or decaying things 4 N edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Narratophilia Obscene words 4 Nasophilia Noses 56 Navel fetishism Navel Nebulophilia Fog or smoke 62 Necrophilia Corpses 2 4 63 O edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Objectophilia Specific inanimate objects 2 Oculolinctus The act of licking the eyes of another person for the purpose of gratification Odaxelagnia Biting or being bitten Olfactophilia Bromidrophilia Smells and odors particularly foul ones emanating from the body especially the sexual areas and or from the opposite sex as from bad breath urine feces flatulence etc 4 19 Omorashi Having a full bladder and or wetting oneself or from seeing someone else experiencing a full bladder and or wetting themself P edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Paraphilic infantilism Dressing or being treated like a baby also known as autonepiophilia 19 or adult baby syndrome 64 considerable overlap with diaper fetishism 35 Partialism Specific non genital body parts 2 4 Pedophilia Prepubescent children also spelled paedophilia 2 65 Peodeiktophilia Exposing one s private parts 5 Pedovestism Dressing like a child 66 Podophilia Feet 67 Pictophilia Pornography or erotic art particularly pictures 4 19 Piquerism Piercing the flesh of another person most commonly by stabbing or cutting the body with sharp objects 68 Plushophilia Stuffed toys plushies 69 Pygophilia Buttocks 70 Pyrophilia Fire 71 R edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Robophilia Humanoid robots S edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Salirophilia Soiling or dirtying others 4 Sexual fetishism Nonliving objects 2 Sexual sadism Inflicting pain on others 2 Shoe fetishism Shoes especially high heels Somnophilia Sleeping or unconscious people 4 19 Sophophilia Learning 72 Sthenolagnia Muscles and displays of strength 56 Stigmatophilia Body piercings and tattoos 5 56 Symphorophilia Witnessing or staging disasters such as car accidents 5 Telephone scatologia Obscene phone calls particularly to strangers also known as telephonicophilia 2 19 and scatophilia 73 T edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Teratophilia Deformed or monstrous people 3 The term is also sometimes used in a more literal sense from ancient Greek teras teras meaning monster for attraction to monstrous mythical and fictional creatures such as werewolves Toucherism Touching an unsuspecting non consenting person with the hand 74 Toxophilia Archery 61 Transvestic fetishism Recurrent and intense sexual arousal from cross dressing which causes clinically significant distress or impairment 75 Transvestophilia A cross dressing sexual partner 19 Trichophilia Hair 56 Troilism Observing one s partner engaged in sexual activities with another person 4 20 Timophilia Gold wealth or social status 76 U edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Urolagnia Urination particularly in public on others and or being urinated on Also referred to as water sports 2 4 19 20 V edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Vorarephilia The idea of one person or creature eating or being eaten by another usually swallowed whole in one piece also known as vore 77 Voyeurism Watching others while naked or having sex generally without their knowledge also known as scopophilia or scoptophilia 2 20 W edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Wet and messy fetishism Messy situations including but not limited to being pied slimed or covered in mud X edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Xenophilia Foreign peoples cultures or customs 78 Z edit Paraphilia Focus of erotic interest Zoophilia Non human animals 2 4 19 Zoosadism Inflicting pain on animals or seeing animals in pain 79 See also edit nbsp Psychology portal nbsp Human sexuality portal Courtship disorders Erotic target location errors List of phobias Lovemaps Perversion Sexual fetishismReferences edit Moran M May 3 2013 DSM to Distinguish Paraphilias From Paraphilic Disorders Psychiatric News 48 9 American Psychiatric Association 10 261 doi 10 1176 appi pn 2013 5a19 Retrieved 16 June 2013 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM IV Washington DC American Psychiatric Association 2000 ISBN 978 0 89042 025 6 a b c d Aggrawal A 2008 Appendix 1 Forensic and Medico legal Aspects of Sexual Crimes and Unusual Sexual Practices CRC Press pp 369 382 ISBN 978 1 4200 4308 2 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Milner JS Dopke CA 2008 Paraphilia Not Otherwise Specified Psychopathology and theory In Laws DR amp O Donohue WT ed Sexual Deviance Second Edition Theory Assessment and Treatment New York The Guilford Press pp 384 418 ISBN 978 1 59385 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Gynephilic and Androphilic Trans Women A Cross Sectional Multicenter Study The Journal of Sexual Medicine 17 6 1182 1194 doi 10 1016 j jsxm 2020 01 030 PMID 32147311 Hickey EW 2006 Sex Crimes and Paraphilia Pearson Education p 114 ISBN 978 0 13 170350 6 Schwartz D 1993 Heterophilia the love that dare not speak its aim commentary on trop and Stolorow s defense analysis in self psychology A developmental view Psychoanalytic Dialogues 3 4 643 652 doi 10 1080 10481889309539000 Wood Mitchell J 2004 The Gay Male Gaze Body image disturbance and gender oppression among gay men In Lipton Benjamin ed Gay Men Living with Chronic Illnesses and Disabilities From Crisis to Crossroads Psychology Press ISBN 978 1 56023 336 7 Kantor Martin 1999 The Paraphilias in Treating Emotional Disorder in Gay Men pp 67 ff Greenwood Publishing Group ISBN 978 0 275 96333 0 Levine Risen amp Althof 2011 Handbook of Clinical Sexuality for Mental Health Professionals Routledge p 406 ISBN 978 1 135 96749 9 Sharma BR 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Retrieved 9 November 2020 Kristina Wilson 2000 The American Century Art and Culture 1900 2000 Part I 1900 1950 An Exhibition Review Paul Galvez 2000 Self Portrait of the Artist as a Monkey Hand The MIT Press Cynthia Ceilan 2008 Weirdly Beloved Tales of Strange Bedfellows Odd Couplings and Love Gone Bad The Lyons Press ISBN 978 1 59921 403 0 a b c Hickey EW 2006 Sex Crimes and Paraphilia Pearson Education p 90 ISBN 978 0 13 170350 6 Nebulophilia kink dictionary 17 April 2022 Rosman JP Resnick PJ 1989 Sexual attraction to corpses a psychiatric review of necrophilia Bull Am Acad Psychiatry Law 17 2 153 63 PMID 2667656 Pate JE Gabbard GO 2003 Adult baby syndrome The American Journal of Psychiatry 160 11 1932 6 doi 10 1176 appi ajp 160 11 1932 PMID 14594737 Krafft Ebing R 1998 1886 Psychopathia sexualis A medico forensic study 1998 translation by Franklin S Klaf Arcade Publishing p 408 ISBN 978 1 55970 426 7 Lawrence AA 2006 Clinical and theoretical parallels between desire for limb amputation and gender identity disorder Archives of Sexual Behavior 35 3 263 278 doi 10 1007 s10508 006 9026 6 PMID 16799838 S2CID 17528273 Hickey EW 2006 Sex Crimes and Paraphilia Pearson Education p 165 ISBN 978 0 13 170350 6 Davis MS 2002 The concise dictionary of crime and justice SAGE Publications p 196 ISBN 978 0 7619 2176 9 Kelleher K 2001 06 04 Once Seen as Taboos Sexual Fetishes Are Gaining Acceptance Los Angeles Times Retrieved 2010 05 22 Hickey EW 2006 Sex crimes and paraphilia Pearson Education p 84 ISBN 978 0 13 170350 6 Retrieved May 14 2011 Balachandra K Swaminath S 2002 06 01 Fire Fetishism in a Female Arsonist The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 47 5 487 488 doi 10 1177 070674370204700520 ISSN 0706 7437 PMID 12085690 Hickey EW 2006 Sex Crimes and Paraphilia Pearson Education p 86 ISBN 978 0 13 170350 6 Hickey EW 2006 Sex Crimes and Paraphilia Pearson Education p 88 ISBN 978 0 13 170350 6 Freund K 1990 L Ellis H Hoffman eds Courtship disorders Toward a biosocial understanding of voyeurism exhibitionism toucherism and the preferential rape pattern Crime in Biological Social and Moral Contexts NY Praeger 100 114 American Psychiatric Association 2022 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM 5 TR 5 ed American Psychiatric Association Publishing F65 1 doi 10 1176 appi books 9780890425787 ISBN 978 0 89042 578 7 OCLC 1315990729 S2CID 249488050 via The Wikipedia Library Levine SB Risen CB Althof SE eds 2016 01 13 Handbook of Clinical Sexuality for Mental Health Professionals 3rd ed Routledge p 353 doi 10 4324 9781315716596 ISBN 978 1 317 50746 8 Brenda Brathwaite 2007 Defining sex PDF Sex in Video Games London Charles River Media ISBN 978 1 58450 459 7 Archived from the original PDF on 2007 09 27 Retrieved 2013 09 26 Barberis N Costa S Castgilone C 2023 Xenophobia and Xenophilia the Bright and Dark Sides of Attitude Towards Foreigners A Self Determination Theory Approach Psychological Reports doi 10 1177 00332941231152394 PMID 36634286 Williams CJ Weinberg MS 2003 Zoophilia in Men A study of sexual interest in animals Archives of Sexual Behavior 32 6 523 535 doi 10 1023 A 1026085410617 PMID 14574096 S2CID 13386430 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of paraphilias amp oldid 1221283011, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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