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Mbato, also known as Mbatto, Nghlwa, Potu or Gwa, is a Kwa language spoken in Ivory Coast and in Ghana. It is one of two Potou languages, along with Ebrié. The Mbato people primarily live in the La Mé region of Ivory Coast, particularly in the sub-prefecture of Oghlwapo in the Alépé department.[2]
Mbato has no nasal consonant phonemes, but the nasal vowels (see table below) cause the sonorants [ɓ, l, j, w] to assimilate and be pronounced as [m, n, ɲ, ŋʷ].[3]
There are two bilabialimplosive phonemes, /ɓ¹/ and /ɓ²/. The first is always pronounced as [ɓ], while the second is pronounced [m] in the context of a nasal vowel.[4]
The sounds [b, v, z] are marginal and occur only in loanwords.[3]
While the Proto-Potou language likely had an ±ATR system, it has disappeared from Ebrié and left only traces in Mbato.[3]
Mbato has a tonal system consisting of three level tones.[3]
Grammaredit
Noun Classesedit
The noun classprefixes in Mbato serve to distinguish between certain homophones and between singular and plural forms. Originally, this system would have been more robust, as seen in other Niger-Congo languages.[3]
The four nominal prefixes are ó-, à-, ʊ́̃-, and ʊ̃̀-. The latter two, which are nasal vowels, can also be realized as syllabic nasals, transcribed as ɴ́- and ɴ̀-.[3]
^Mbato at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^Goa, Kacou (2016). "Culture and communication of the African ethnic minorities: Example of Gwa from Ivory Coast". Journal of Scientific Research and Studies. 3: 202–210.
^ abcdefghiBôle-Richard, Rémy (2018). "Contribution à la phonologie historique du Niger-Congo: vers la reconstruction du Proto-Potou". Linguistique africaine: perspectives croisées (in French). Institut de Phonétique. ISBN978-29-570-8944-4.
^Bôle-Richard, Rémy (1984). "Le Nghlwa, langue sans consonne nasale". Cahiers ivoiriens de recherche linguistique. 16: 23–26.
mbato, language, help, expand, this, article, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, french, october, 2020, click, show, important, translation, instructions, view, machine, translated, version, french, article, machine, translation, like, deepl. You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French October 2020 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the French article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 6 215 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at fr Mbatto langue see its history for attribution You may also add the template Translated fr Mbatto langue to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Mbato also known as Mbatto Nghlwa Potu or Gwa is a Kwa language spoken in Ivory Coast and in Ghana It is one of two Potou languages along with Ebrie The Mbato people primarily live in the La Me region of Ivory Coast particularly in the sub prefecture of Oghlwapo in the Alepe department 2 MbatoNative toIvory CoastRegionLa MeEthnicityM BatoNative speakers 25 000 cited 1993 1 Language familyNiger Congo Atlantic CongoKwaPotou TanoPotouMbatoLanguage codesISO 639 3 a href https iso639 3 sil org code gwa class extiw title iso639 3 gwa gwa a Glottologmbat1247 Contents 1 Phonology 2 Grammar 2 1 Noun Classes 3 ReferencesPhonology editConsonants 3 Labial Dental Palatal Velar Labio velar Plosives fortis voiceless p t c k Plosives fortis voiced b d ɟ ɟ dʒ g gb g b Plosives lenis voiced ɓ ʄ ɠ gɓ g ɓ Sonorants lenis ɓ ɓ m j j ɲ w w ŋʷ ŋ m Fricatives f v s z h x h Mbato has no nasal consonant phonemes but the nasal vowels see table below cause the sonorants ɓ l j w to assimilate and be pronounced as m n ɲ ŋʷ 3 There are two bilabial implosive phonemes ɓ and ɓ The first is always pronounced as ɓ while the second is pronounced m in the context of a nasal vowel 4 The sounds b v z are marginal and occur only in loanwords 3 Vowels 3 Oral Nasal Close i u ɪ ʊ Mid e e ɪ o o ʊ Open ɛ a ɔ ɛ ɔ ɔ a While the Proto Potou language likely had an ATR system it has disappeared from Ebrie and left only traces in Mbato 3 Mbato has a tonal system consisting of three level tones 3 Grammar editNoun Classes edit The noun class prefixes in Mbato serve to distinguish between certain homophones and between singular and plural forms Originally this system would have been more robust as seen in other Niger Congo languages 3 The four nominal prefixes are o a ʊ and ʊ The latter two which are nasal vowels can also be realized as syllabic nasals transcribed as ɴ and ɴ 3 Prefix 3 Word Gloss o obu stone a awɔ cat ʊ ɴ ɴ ne yam ʊ ɴ ʊ mɛ rope plReferences edit Mbato at Ethnologue 18th ed 2015 subscription required Goa Kacou 2016 Culture and communication of the African ethnic minorities Example of Gwa from Ivory Coast Journal of Scientific Research and Studies 3 202 210 a b c d e f g h i Bole Richard Remy 2018 Contribution a la phonologie historique du Niger Congo vers la reconstruction du Proto Potou Linguistique africaine perspectives croisees in French Institut de Phonetique ISBN 978 29 570 8944 4 Bole Richard Remy 1984 Le Nghlwa langue sans consonne nasale Cahiers ivoiriens de recherche linguistique 16 23 26 nbsp This article about Volta Congo languages is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mbato language amp oldid 1168521390, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
