Marshal of the Senate of Poland
The Marshal of the Senate of the Republic of Poland (Polish: Marszałek Senatu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej) is the presiding officer of the Senate of Poland. The marshal is also third person according to the Polish order of precedence, after President of the Republic of Poland and Sejm Marshal, and second in line to become Acting President of the Republic of Poland (after Sejm Marshal; in period 1935-1939 Senate Marshal was the first). Because of both precedence order and succession order, the marshal is commonly referred to as the "third person in state". The person who functions as their second-in-command is the Deputy Marshal of the Senate of the Republic of Poland.
| Marshal of the Senate of the Republic of Poland | |
|---|---|
| Marszałek Senatu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej | |
| Appointer | The Senate |
| Formation | 1922 |
| First holder | Wojciech Trąmpczyński |
Role edit
Marshal:
- Represent Senate
- Preside over Senate sessions
- Preside over Senate Presidium and caucus of heads of Senatorial caucuses (Konwent Seniorów) meetings
- Performing some representative roles on the state level
- Becoming Acting President when Sejm Marshal cannot do so
- Is in charge on peacekeeping in the Senate
History edit
Marshals of the Senate existed as early as the Duchy of Warsaw (19th century). In the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the role was performed by the Grand Crown Marshals.
List of officeholders edit
Second Republic edit
| No | Image | Name | Senate | Period | Party |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wojciech Trąmpczyński | I | November 28, 1922 - March 26, 1928 | ||
| 2 | Julian Szymański | II | March 27, 1928 – December 8, 1930 | Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government | |
| 3 | Władysław Raczkiewicz | III | December 9, 1930 – October 3, 1935 | Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government | |
| 4 | Aleksander Prystor | IV | October 4, 1935 – November 27, 1938 | Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government | |
| 5 | Bogusław Miedziński | V | November 28, 1938 – November 2, 1939 | Camp of National Unity |
The office was interrupted by German invasion of Poland in 1939 and not reinstated in People's Republic of Poland.
Third Republic edit
- In modern Poland:
| No | Name | District | Senate | Period | Party | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Andrzej Stelmachowski | Białystok | I | November 22, 1989 – November 26, 1991 | Obywatelski Klub Parlamentarny | ||
| 2 | August Chełkowski | Katowice | II | November 26, 1991 – October 15, 1993 | Solidarity | ||
| 3 | Adam Struzik | Płock | III | October 26, 1993 – October 19, 1997 | Polish People’s Party | ||
| 4 | Alicja Grześkowiak | Toruń | IV | October 21, 1997 – October 18, 2001 | Solidarity Electoral Action | ||
| 5 | Longin Pastusiak | 24 Gdańsk | V | October 20, 2001 – October 18, 2005 | Democratic Left Alliance | ||
| 6 | Bogdan Borusewicz | 65 Gdańsk | VI VII VIII | October 20, 2005 – November 11, 2015 | Independent / Civic Platform | ||
| 7 | Stanisław Karczewski | 49 Kozienice | IX | November 12, 2015 – November 11, 2019 | Law and Justice | ||
| 8 | Tomasz Grodzki | 97 Szczecin | X | November 12, 2019 – November 12, 2023 | Civic Platform | ||
| 9 | Małgorzata Kidawa-Błońska | 43 Warszawa | XI | November 13, 2023 – present | Civic Platform | ||