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Mark B. Gerstein

Mark Bender Gerstein is an American scientist working in bioinformatics and Data Science. As of 2009, he is co-director of the Yale Computational Biology and Bioinformatics program.

Mark Gerstein
Born
Mark Bender Gerstein

February 23
CitizenshipUS
Alma mater
Awards
Scientific career
FieldsBioinformatics[3]
Institutions
ThesisProtein recognition: surfaces and conformational change (1993)
Doctoral advisor
Other academic advisorsMichael Levitt (postdoc)
Doctoral studentsWerner Krebs[6][7]
Website
  • www.gersteinlab.org
  • www.cs.yale.edu/people/gerstein.html

Mark Gerstein is Albert L. Williams Professor of Biomedical Informatics, Professor of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry , Professor of Statistics & Data Science, and Professor of Computer Science at Yale University.[8] In 2018, Gerstein was named co-director of the Yale Center for Biomedical Data Science.[9]

Education edit

After graduating from Harvard College summa cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts in physics in 1989, Gerstein did a PhD co-supervised by Ruth Lynden-Bell[5] at the University of Cambridge and Cyrus Chothia at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology on conformational change in proteins, graduating in 1993.[10] He then went on to postdoctoral research in bioinformatics at Stanford University from 1993 to 1996 supervised by Nobel-laureate Michael Levitt.

Research edit

Gerstein does research in the field of bioinformatics.[3][11][12] This involves applying a range of computational approaches to problems in molecular biology, including data mining and machine learning, molecular simulation, and database design. His research group has a number of foci including annotating the human genome,[13] personal genomics, cancer genomics, building tools in support of genome technologies (such as next-generation sequencing), analyzing molecular networks, and simulating macromolecular motions. Notable databases and tools that the group has developed include the Database of Macromolecular Motions,[6][7] which categorizes macromolecular conformational change; tYNA,[14] which helps analyze molecular networks; PubNet,[15] which analyzes publication networks; PeakSeq,[16] which identifies regions in the genome bound by particular transcription factors; and CNVnator,[17] which categorizes block variants in the genome. Gerstein has also written extensively on how general issues in data science impact on genomics—in particular, in relation to privacy[18] and to structuring scientific communication.[19]

Gerstein's work has been published in peer reviewed scientific journals[20][21][22] and non-scientific publications in more popular forums.[23] His work has been highly cited, with an H greater than 100.[3] He serves on a number of editorial and advisory boards, including those of PLoS Computational Biology, Genome Research, Genome Biology, and Molecular Systems Biology. He has been quoted in the New York Times,[24][25][26] including on the front page,[13] and in other major newspapers.[27]

Awards and honors edit

In addition to a W. M. Keck Foundation Distinguished Young Scholars award,[28] Gerstein has received awards from the US Navy, IBM, Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, and the Donaghue Foundation.[29] He is a Fellow of the AAAS.[1] Other awards include a Herchel-Smith Scholarship supporting his doctoral work at Emmanuel College, Cambridge and a Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship. He is a contributor to a number of scientific consortia including ENCODE,[30] modENCODE,[31][32][33] 1000 Genomes Project, Brainspan,[34] and DOE Kbase.[citation needed] He was made a Fellow of the International Society for Computational Biology in 2015.[2]

References edit

  1. ^ a b "Yale Scientists Awarded AAAS Fellowship".
  2. ^ a b . International Society for Computational Biology. Archived from the original on 2015-02-20.
  3. ^ a b c Mark B. Gerstein publications indexed by Google Scholar
  4. ^ Gerstein, M.; Chothia, C. (1991). "Analysis of protein loop closure. Two types of hinges produce one motion in lactate dehydrogenase". Journal of Molecular Biology. 220 (1): 133–149. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(91)90387-L. PMID 2067013.
  5. ^ a b Mark B. Gerstein at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
  6. ^ a b Krebs, Werner G. (2002). The database of macromolecular motions : a standardized system for analyzing and visualizing macromolecular motions in a database framework (PhD thesis). Yale University. OCLC 54626123.
  7. ^ a b Gerstein, M; Krebs, W (1998). "A database of macromolecular motions". Nucleic Acids Research. 26 (18): 4280–90. doi:10.1093/nar/26.18.4280. PMC 147832. PMID 9722650.
  8. ^ Mark B. Gerstein's publications indexed by the Scopus bibliographic database. (subscription required)
  9. ^ Xiong, Amy (February 9, 2018). "Yale establishes biomedical data science center". yaledailynews.com. Retrieved 2020-09-27.
  10. ^ Gerstein, Mark (1993). Protein recognition: surfaces and conformational change (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge.
  11. ^ Durbin, R. M.; Abecasis, G. R.; Altshuler, R. M.; Auton, G. A. R.; Brooks, D. R.; Durbin, A.; Gibbs, A. G.; Hurles, F. S.; McVean, F. M.; Donnelly, P.; Egholm, M.; Flicek, P.; Gabriel, S. B.; Gibbs, R. A.; Knoppers, B. M.; Lander, E. S.; Lehrach, H.; Mardis, E. R.; McVean, G. A.; Nickerson, D. A.; Peltonen, L.; Schafer, A. J.; Sherry, S. T.; Wang, J.; Wilson, R. K.; Gibbs, R. A.; Deiros, D.; Metzker, M.; Muzny, D.; et al. (2010). "A map of human genome variation from population-scale sequencing". Nature. 467 (7319): 1061–1073. Bibcode:2010Natur.467.1061T. doi:10.1038/nature09534. PMC 3042601. PMID 20981092.
  12. ^ Wang, Z.; Gerstein, M.; Snyder, M. (2009). "RNA-Seq: A revolutionary tool for transcriptomics". Nature Reviews Genetics. 10 (1): 57–63. doi:10.1038/nrg2484. PMC 2949280. PMID 19015660.
  13. ^ a b Gina Kolata, (Sept. 5, 2012) 'Bits of Mystery DNA, Far From Junk, Play Crucial Role,' NY Times
  14. ^ Yip, K. Y.; Yu, H; Kim, P. M.; Schultz, M; Gerstein, M (2006). "The tYNA platform for comparative interactomics: A web tool for managing, comparing and mining multiple networks". Bioinformatics. 22 (23): 2968–70. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btl488. PMID 17021160.
  15. ^ Douglas, S. M.; Montelione, G. T.; Gerstein, M. (2005). "PubNet: A flexible system for visualizing literature derived networks". Genome Biology. 6 (9): R80. doi:10.1186/gb-2005-6-9-r80. PMC 1242215. PMID 16168087.
  16. ^ Rozowsky, J; Euskirchen, G; Auerbach, R. K.; Zhang, Z. D.; Gibson, T; Bjornson, R; Carriero, N; Snyder, M; Gerstein, M. B. (2009). "Peak Seq enables systematic scoring of ChIP-seq experiments relative to controls". Nature Biotechnology. 27 (1): 66–75. doi:10.1038/nbt.1518. PMC 2924752. PMID 19122651.
  17. ^ Abyzov, A; Urban, A. E.; Snyder, M; Gerstein, M (2011). "CNVnator: An approach to discover, genotype, and characterize typical and atypical CNVs from family and population genome sequencing". Genome Research. 21 (6): 974–84. doi:10.1101/gr.114876.110. PMC 3106330. PMID 21324876.
  18. ^ Greenbaum, D; Sboner, A; Mu, X. J.; Gerstein, M (2011). "Genomics and privacy: Implications of the new reality of closed data for the field". PLOS Computational Biology. 7 (12): e1002278. Bibcode:2011PLSCB...7E2278G. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002278. PMC 3228779. PMID 22144881.
  19. ^ Gerstein, M; Seringhaus, M; Fields, S (2007). "Structured digital abstract makes text mining easy". Nature. 447 (7141): 142. Bibcode:2007Natur.447..142G. doi:10.1038/447142a. PMID 17495904.
  20. ^ Mark Gerstein at DBLP Bibliography Server  
  21. ^ Mark B. Gerstein publications indexed by Microsoft Academic
  22. ^ Giaever, G.; Chu, A. M.; Ni, L.; Connelly, C.; Riles, L.; Véronneau, S.; Dow, S.; Lucau-Danila, A.; Anderson, K.; André, B.; Arkin, A. P.; Astromoff, A.; El-Bakkoury, M.; Bangham, R.; Benito, R.; Brachat, S.; Campanaro, S.; Curtiss, M.; Davis, K.; Deutschbauer, A.; Entian, K. D.; Flaherty, P.; Foury, F.; Garfinkel, D. J.; Gerstein, M.; Gotte, D.; Güldener, U.; Hegemann, J. H.; Hempel, S.; Herman, Z. (2002). "Functional profiling of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome". Nature. 418 (6896): 387–391. Bibcode:2002Natur.418..387G. doi:10.1038/nature00935. PMID 12140549. S2CID 4400400.
  23. ^ . gersteinlab.org. Archived from the original on 2013-10-17.
  24. ^ Kolata, Gina (2013-06-16). "Poking Holes in Genetic Privacy". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-01-18.
  25. ^ Zimmer, Carl (2014-09-01). "Tiny, Vast Windows Into Human DNA". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-01-18.
  26. ^ "Thoughts on Genes". The New York Times. 2008-11-10. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-01-18.
  27. ^ "Scientists Unveil New Blueprint Of How The Human Genome Works". courant.com. Retrieved 2016-01-18.
  28. ^ Mervis, Jeffrey (1999-07-16). "Keck Helps Five Careers With $1 Million Grants". Science. 285 (5426): 312–3. doi:10.1126/science.285.5426.312b. PMID 10438290. S2CID 33084600.
  29. ^ "Donaghue Foundation selects five investigators for long-term support". medicine.yale.edu. Retrieved 2020-09-27.
  30. ^ ENCODE Project Consortium; Birney E; Stamatoyannopoulos JA; Dutta A; Guigó R; Gingeras TR; Margulies EH; Weng Z; Snyder M; Dermitzakis ET; et al. (2007). "Identification and analysis of functional elements in 1% of the human genome by the ENCODE pilot project". Nature. 447 (7146): 799–816. Bibcode:2007Natur.447..799B. doi:10.1038/nature05874. PMC 2212820. PMID 17571346.
  31. ^ Landt, S. G.; Marinov, G. K.; Kundaje, A.; Kheradpour, P.; Pauli, F.; Batzoglou, S.; Bernstein, B. E.; Bickel, P.; Brown, J. B.; Cayting, P.; Chen, Y.; Desalvo, G.; Epstein, C.; Fisher-Aylor, K. I.; Euskirchen, G.; Gerstein, M.; Gertz, J.; Hartemink, A. J.; Hoffman, M. M.; Iyer, V. R.; Jung, Y. L.; Karmakar, S.; Kellis, M.; Kharchenko, P. V.; Li, Q.; Liu, T.; Liu, X. S.; Ma, L.; Milosavljevic, A.; Myers, R. M. (2012). "ChIP-seq guidelines and practices of the ENCODE and modENCODE consortia". Genome Research. 22 (9): 1813–1831. doi:10.1101/gr.136184.111. PMC 3431496. PMID 22955991.
  32. ^ Cheng, C.; Yan, K. K.; Yip, K. Y.; Rozowsky, J.; Alexander, R.; Shou, C.; Gerstein, M. (2011). "A statistical framework for modeling gene expression using chromatin features and application to modENCODE datasets". Genome Biology. 12 (2): R15. doi:10.1186/gb-2011-12-2-r15. PMC 3188797. PMID 21324173.
  33. ^ Gerstein MB, Lu ZJ, Van Nostrand EL, Cheng C, Arshinoff BI, Liu T, Yip KY, Robilotto R, Rechtsteiner A, et al. (2010). "Integrative Analysis of the Caenorhabditis elegans Genome by the modENCODE Project". Science. 330 (6012): 1775–1787. Bibcode:2010Sci...330.1775G. doi:10.1126/science.1196914. PMC 3142569. PMID 21177976.
  34. ^ Li, Mingfeng; Santpere, Gabriel; Kawasawa, Yuka Imamura; Evgrafov, Oleg V.; Gulden, Forrest O.; Pochareddy, Sirisha; Sunkin, Susan M.; Li, Zhen; Shin, Yurae; Zhu, Ying; Sousa, André M. M. (2018-12-14). "Integrative functional genomic analysis of human brain development and neuropsychiatric risks". Science. 362 (6420): eaat7615. Bibcode:2018Sci...362.7615L. doi:10.1126/science.aat7615. ISSN 0036-8075. PMC 6413317. PMID 30545854.

External links edit

  • Mark Gerstein Laboratory at Yale
  • at Yale Computer Science
  • Mark Gerstein at Yale School of Medicine
  • Mark Gerstein publications indexed by Google Scholar
  • Mark Gerstein publications on ResearchGate
  • Mark Gerstein at DBLP Bibliography Server  

mark, gerstein, mark, bender, gerstein, american, scientist, working, bioinformatics, data, science, 2009, update, director, yale, computational, biology, bioinformatics, program, mark, gersteinbornmark, bender, gersteinfebruary, 23citizenshipusalma, materharv. Mark Bender Gerstein is an American scientist working in bioinformatics and Data Science As of 2009 update he is co director of the Yale Computational Biology and Bioinformatics program Mark GersteinBornMark Bender GersteinFebruary 23CitizenshipUSAlma materHarvard University BS University of Cambridge PhD AwardsAAAS Fellow 1 W M Keck Foundation Distinguished Young Scholar Herchel Smith Scholarship ISCB Fellow 2 Scientific careerFieldsBioinformatics 3 InstitutionsHarvard University University of Cambridge MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology Stanford University Yale UniversityThesisProtein recognition surfaces and conformational change 1993 Doctoral advisorCyrus Chothia 4 Ruth Lynden Bell 5 Other academic advisorsMichael Levitt postdoc Doctoral studentsWerner Krebs 6 7 Websitewww wbr gersteinlab wbr org www wbr cs wbr yale wbr edu wbr people wbr gerstein wbr htmlMark Gerstein is Albert L Williams Professor of Biomedical Informatics Professor of Molecular Biophysics amp Biochemistry Professor of Statistics amp Data Science and Professor of Computer Science at Yale University 8 In 2018 Gerstein was named co director of the Yale Center for Biomedical Data Science 9 Contents 1 Education 2 Research 3 Awards and honors 4 References 5 External linksEducation editAfter graduating from Harvard College summa cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts in physics in 1989 Gerstein did a PhD co supervised by Ruth Lynden Bell 5 at the University of Cambridge and Cyrus Chothia at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology on conformational change in proteins graduating in 1993 10 He then went on to postdoctoral research in bioinformatics at Stanford University from 1993 to 1996 supervised by Nobel laureate Michael Levitt Research editGerstein does research in the field of bioinformatics 3 11 12 This involves applying a range of computational approaches to problems in molecular biology including data mining and machine learning molecular simulation and database design His research group has a number of foci including annotating the human genome 13 personal genomics cancer genomics building tools in support of genome technologies such as next generation sequencing analyzing molecular networks and simulating macromolecular motions Notable databases and tools that the group has developed include the Database of Macromolecular Motions 6 7 which categorizes macromolecular conformational change tYNA 14 which helps analyze molecular networks PubNet 15 which analyzes publication networks PeakSeq 16 which identifies regions in the genome bound by particular transcription factors and CNVnator 17 which categorizes block variants in the genome Gerstein has also written extensively on how general issues in data science impact on genomics in particular in relation to privacy 18 and to structuring scientific communication 19 Gerstein s work has been published in peer reviewed scientific journals 20 21 22 and non scientific publications in more popular forums 23 His work has been highly cited with an H greater than 100 3 He serves on a number of editorial and advisory boards including those of PLoS Computational Biology Genome Research Genome Biology and Molecular Systems Biology He has been quoted in the New York Times 24 25 26 including on the front page 13 and in other major newspapers 27 Awards and honors editIn addition to a W M Keck Foundation Distinguished Young Scholars award 28 Gerstein has received awards from the US Navy IBM Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America and the Donaghue Foundation 29 He is a Fellow of the AAAS 1 Other awards include a Herchel Smith Scholarship supporting his doctoral work at Emmanuel College Cambridge and a Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship He is a contributor to a number of scientific consortia including ENCODE 30 modENCODE 31 32 33 1000 Genomes Project Brainspan 34 and DOE Kbase citation needed He was made a Fellow of the International Society for Computational Biology in 2015 2 References edit a b Yale Scientists Awarded AAAS Fellowship a b Meet the ISCB Fellows Class of 2015 International Society for Computational Biology Archived from the original on 2015 02 20 a b c Mark B Gerstein publications indexed by Google Scholar Gerstein M Chothia C 1991 Analysis of protein loop closure Two types of hinges produce one motion in lactate dehydrogenase Journal of Molecular Biology 220 1 133 149 doi 10 1016 0022 2836 91 90387 L PMID 2067013 a b Mark B Gerstein at the Mathematics Genealogy Project a b Krebs Werner G 2002 The database of macromolecular motions a standardized system for analyzing and visualizing macromolecular motions in a database framework PhD thesis Yale University OCLC 54626123 a b Gerstein M Krebs W 1998 A database of macromolecular motions Nucleic Acids Research 26 18 4280 90 doi 10 1093 nar 26 18 4280 PMC 147832 PMID 9722650 Mark B Gerstein s publications indexed by the Scopus bibliographic database subscription required Xiong Amy February 9 2018 Yale establishes biomedical data science center yaledailynews com Retrieved 2020 09 27 Gerstein Mark 1993 Protein recognition surfaces and conformational change PhD thesis University of Cambridge Durbin R M Abecasis G R Altshuler R M Auton G A R Brooks D R Durbin A Gibbs A G Hurles F S McVean F M Donnelly P Egholm M Flicek P Gabriel S B Gibbs R A Knoppers B M Lander E S Lehrach H Mardis E R McVean G A Nickerson D A Peltonen L Schafer A J Sherry S T Wang J Wilson R K Gibbs R A Deiros D Metzker M Muzny D et al 2010 A map of human genome variation from population scale sequencing Nature 467 7319 1061 1073 Bibcode 2010Natur 467 1061T doi 10 1038 nature09534 PMC 3042601 PMID 20981092 Wang Z Gerstein M Snyder M 2009 RNA Seq A revolutionary tool for transcriptomics Nature Reviews Genetics 10 1 57 63 doi 10 1038 nrg2484 PMC 2949280 PMID 19015660 a b Gina Kolata Sept 5 2012 Bits of Mystery DNA Far From Junk Play Crucial Role NY Times Yip K Y Yu H Kim P M Schultz M Gerstein M 2006 The tYNA platform for comparative interactomics A web tool for managing comparing and mining multiple networks Bioinformatics 22 23 2968 70 doi 10 1093 bioinformatics btl488 PMID 17021160 Douglas S M Montelione G T Gerstein M 2005 PubNet A flexible system for visualizing literature derived networks Genome Biology 6 9 R80 doi 10 1186 gb 2005 6 9 r80 PMC 1242215 PMID 16168087 Rozowsky J Euskirchen G Auerbach R K Zhang Z D Gibson T Bjornson R Carriero N Snyder M Gerstein M B 2009 Peak Seq enables systematic scoring of ChIP seq experiments relative to controls Nature Biotechnology 27 1 66 75 doi 10 1038 nbt 1518 PMC 2924752 PMID 19122651 Abyzov A Urban A E Snyder M Gerstein M 2011 CNVnator An approach to discover genotype and characterize typical and atypical CNVs from family and population genome sequencing Genome Research 21 6 974 84 doi 10 1101 gr 114876 110 PMC 3106330 PMID 21324876 Greenbaum D Sboner A Mu X J Gerstein M 2011 Genomics and privacy Implications of the new reality of closed data for the field PLOS Computational Biology 7 12 e1002278 Bibcode 2011PLSCB 7E2278G doi 10 1371 journal pcbi 1002278 PMC 3228779 PMID 22144881 Gerstein M Seringhaus M Fields S 2007 Structured digital abstract makes text mining easy Nature 447 7141 142 Bibcode 2007Natur 447 142G doi 10 1038 447142a PMID 17495904 Mark Gerstein at DBLP Bibliography Server nbsp Mark B Gerstein publications indexed by Microsoft Academic Giaever G Chu A M Ni L Connelly C Riles L Veronneau S Dow S Lucau Danila A Anderson K Andre B Arkin A P Astromoff A El Bakkoury M Bangham R Benito R Brachat S Campanaro S Curtiss M Davis K Deutschbauer A Entian K D Flaherty P Foury F Garfinkel D J Gerstein M Gotte D Guldener U Hegemann J H Hempel S Herman Z 2002 Functional profiling of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome Nature 418 6896 387 391 Bibcode 2002Natur 418 387G doi 10 1038 nature00935 PMID 12140549 S2CID 4400400 List of Non technical Writing by Mark Gerstein gersteinlab org Archived from the original on 2013 10 17 Kolata Gina 2013 06 16 Poking Holes in Genetic Privacy The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved 2016 01 18 Zimmer Carl 2014 09 01 Tiny Vast Windows Into Human DNA The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved 2016 01 18 Thoughts on Genes The New York Times 2008 11 10 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved 2016 01 18 Scientists Unveil New Blueprint Of How The Human Genome Works courant com Retrieved 2016 01 18 Mervis Jeffrey 1999 07 16 Keck Helps Five Careers With 1 Million Grants Science 285 5426 312 3 doi 10 1126 science 285 5426 312b PMID 10438290 S2CID 33084600 Donaghue Foundation selects five investigators for long term support medicine yale edu Retrieved 2020 09 27 ENCODE Project Consortium Birney E Stamatoyannopoulos JA Dutta A Guigo R Gingeras TR Margulies EH Weng Z Snyder M Dermitzakis ET et al 2007 Identification and analysis of functional elements in 1 of the human genome by the ENCODE pilot project Nature 447 7146 799 816 Bibcode 2007Natur 447 799B doi 10 1038 nature05874 PMC 2212820 PMID 17571346 Landt S G Marinov G K Kundaje A Kheradpour P Pauli F Batzoglou S Bernstein B E Bickel P Brown J B Cayting P Chen Y Desalvo G Epstein C Fisher Aylor K I Euskirchen G Gerstein M Gertz J Hartemink A J Hoffman M M Iyer V R Jung Y L Karmakar S Kellis M Kharchenko P V Li Q Liu T Liu X S Ma L Milosavljevic A Myers R M 2012 ChIP seq guidelines and practices of the ENCODE and modENCODE consortia Genome Research 22 9 1813 1831 doi 10 1101 gr 136184 111 PMC 3431496 PMID 22955991 Cheng C Yan K K Yip K Y Rozowsky J Alexander R Shou C Gerstein M 2011 A statistical framework for modeling gene expression using chromatin features and application to modENCODE datasets Genome Biology 12 2 R15 doi 10 1186 gb 2011 12 2 r15 PMC 3188797 PMID 21324173 Gerstein MB Lu ZJ Van Nostrand EL Cheng C Arshinoff BI Liu T Yip KY Robilotto R Rechtsteiner A et al 2010 Integrative Analysis of the Caenorhabditis elegans Genome by the modENCODE Project Science 330 6012 1775 1787 Bibcode 2010Sci 330 1775G doi 10 1126 science 1196914 PMC 3142569 PMID 21177976 Li Mingfeng Santpere Gabriel Kawasawa Yuka Imamura Evgrafov Oleg V Gulden Forrest O Pochareddy Sirisha Sunkin Susan M Li Zhen Shin Yurae Zhu Ying Sousa Andre M M 2018 12 14 Integrative functional genomic analysis of human brain development and neuropsychiatric risks Science 362 6420 eaat7615 Bibcode 2018Sci 362 7615L doi 10 1126 science aat7615 ISSN 0036 8075 PMC 6413317 PMID 30545854 External links edit nbsp Scholia has a profile for Mark Bender Gerstein Q6766711 Mark Gerstein Laboratory at Yale Mark Gerstein at Yale Computer Science Mark Gerstein at Yale School of Medicine Mark Gerstein publications indexed by Google Scholar Mark Gerstein publications on ResearchGate Mark Gerstein at DBLP Bibliography Server nbsp Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mark B Gerstein amp oldid 1188038722, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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