Massonius studied law at the Warsaw University and then abroad, where he took up philosophical and pedagogical studies at various German universities, mainly in Leipzig. He became one of the representatives of the Warsaw school of Positivism who formed a common front against Messianism together with the Polish Neo-Kantians.[1]
Before Poland's return to independence, Massonius wrote for the Polish-language St. Petersburg weekly Kraj and contributed to the Polish-language periodicals Głos, Tygodnik Ilustrowany, Wisła, Gazeta Warszawska and Gazeta Polska. In 1897–1914 he served on the editorial board of Przegląd Filozoficzny (The Philosophical Review). In 1906 Massonius was elected to Russia's first National Duma. In 1906–14 he lectured at Warsaw's Flying University, and in 1920–32, as a professor he conducted courses in philosophy and pedagogy at Stefan Batory University in Vilnius, then part of the Second Polish Republic; in these, he focused on epistemology and aesthetics. He became dean of the Humanities Department there. His writings included a collection of philosophical essays, and Polish translations of Western philosophers such as Immanuel Kant, Émile Tardieu and Schopenhauer.[2]
On 21 September 1920, in Poznań, Massonius published an essay On Bolshevism, including observations on the 1847 Communist Manifesto of Marx and Engels. As one of the first Polish scholars following the 1917 Russian Revolution, he warned that communist ideology was merely a tool that enabled the Bolsheviks to assume the political role of a new ruling class in Russian society. Workers and peasants – Massonius wrote – were to become an embellishment for the commissars corresponding roughly to the former Tsarist governors, heads of administrative districts (volosts), prosecutors, heads of treasury offices, directors of school departments, and so on.
He wrote that the new ruling elite, comprising members of the Cheka (Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counterrevolution and Sabotage) and Red Army officers, regarded as the "right-thinking", had only one thing in common as in every oligarchy. That is, they all represented communist clubs formed in every Soviet town. These clubs constituted the actual, though unofficial government, or rather the body overseeing the activities of the official government. From the very beginning the aim of the revolutionaries was not to bring about Marxist equality among the classes, but to create a new privileged class of their own. Civil equality was never their goal, it was only an object of subversive political manipulation justifying the means, he explained.[2]
Worksedit
Marian Massonius, Szkice estetyczne (Sketches in Aesthetics), 1884
Marian Massonius, Über den kritischen Realismus, 1887
Marian Massonius, Racjonalizm w teorii poznania Kanta (Rationalism in Kant's Theory of Knowledge), 1898
Marian Massonius, Rozdwojenie myśli polskiej (Duality of Polish Thought), 1901
Marian Massonius, translations of, and prefaces to, works by E. Tardieu, A. Schopenhauer and E. Dubois-Reimond.
Dr. Marian Massonius, Dzieje Uniwersytetu Wilenskiego 1781–1832 (History of Wilno University). Notatki z wykładow w roku akademickim 1924–1925 (Notes of lectures in academic year 1924–25), Toruń, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, 2005.
Prof. Marian Massonius, "O bolszewizmie" (On Bolshevism). Lecture presented at Poznań, August 21, 1920, in the "Głosy na czasie" (Voices of Our Time) series, no. 45, Poznań, Księgarnia św. Wojciecha, 1921, pp. 8–19, 40-42, 56-64.
^ ab(in English) Ośrodek Myśli Politycznej (Center for Political Thought), 1998; Marian Massonius (1862-1945) 2009-07-27 at the Wayback Machine with selected fragments from his essay "On Bolshevism".
Referencesedit
Tadeusz Czeżowski, Leon Gumański, Knowledge, science, and values Published by Rodopi. Page 284.
Stefan Konstańczak, (Neo-Messianic trend in Polish philosophy at the end of the 19th century), SŁUPSKIE STUDIA FILOZOFICZNE nr 7
Uniwersytet Stefana Batorego w Wilnie - kadra akademicka. Senat USB Zbiory Specjalne. Dokumenty Życia Społecznego, dr Anna Supruniuk, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń
January 01, 1970
marian, massonius, piotr, february, 1862, kursk, russian, empire, july, 1945, vilnius, wilno, prewar, second, polish, republic, polish, philosopher, teacher, born, into, russian, empire, massonius, dean, humanities, stefan, batory, universityborn, 1862, februa. Piotr Marian Massonius 1 February 1862 in Kursk Russian Empire 20 July 1945 in Vilnius Wilno prewar Second Polish Republic was a Polish philosopher and teacher who was born into in the Russian Empire Marian MassoniusMassonius as Dean of Humanities at Stefan Batory UniversityBorn 1862 02 01 1 February 1862Kursk Russian EmpireDied20 July 1945 1945 07 20 aged 83 Vilnius Wilno Second Polish RepublicNationalityPolishOccupation s Philosopher and teacherKnown forPositivism Anti bolshevismNotable workOn Bolshevism Contents 1 Life 2 Works 3 See also 4 Notes 5 ReferencesLife editMassonius studied law at the Warsaw University and then abroad where he took up philosophical and pedagogical studies at various German universities mainly in Leipzig He became one of the representatives of the Warsaw school of Positivism who formed a common front against Messianism together with the Polish Neo Kantians 1 Before Poland s return to independence Massonius wrote for the Polish language St Petersburg weekly Kraj and contributed to the Polish language periodicals Glos Tygodnik Ilustrowany Wisla Gazeta Warszawska and Gazeta Polska In 1897 1914 he served on the editorial board of Przeglad Filozoficzny The Philosophical Review In 1906 Massonius was elected to Russia s first National Duma In 1906 14 he lectured at Warsaw s Flying University and in 1920 32 as a professor he conducted courses in philosophy and pedagogy at Stefan Batory University in Vilnius then part of the Second Polish Republic in these he focused on epistemology and aesthetics He became dean of the Humanities Department there His writings included a collection of philosophical essays and Polish translations of Western philosophers such as Immanuel Kant Emile Tardieu and Schopenhauer 2 On 21 September 1920 in Poznan Massonius published an essay On Bolshevism including observations on the 1847 Communist Manifesto of Marx and Engels As one of the first Polish scholars following the 1917 Russian Revolution he warned that communist ideology was merely a tool that enabled the Bolsheviks to assume the political role of a new ruling class in Russian society Workers and peasants Massonius wrote were to become an embellishment for the commissars corresponding roughly to the former Tsarist governors heads of administrative districts volosts prosecutors heads of treasury offices directors of school departments and so on He wrote that the new ruling elite comprising members of the Cheka Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counterrevolution and Sabotage and Red Army officers regarded as the right thinking had only one thing in common as in every oligarchy That is they all represented communist clubs formed in every Soviet town These clubs constituted the actual though unofficial government or rather the body overseeing the activities of the official government From the very beginning the aim of the revolutionaries was not to bring about Marxist equality among the classes but to create a new privileged class of their own Civil equality was never their goal it was only an object of subversive political manipulation justifying the means he explained 2 Works editMarian Massonius Szkice estetyczne Sketches in Aesthetics 1884 Marian Massonius Uber den kritischen Realismus 1887 Marian Massonius Racjonalizm w teorii poznania Kanta Rationalism in Kant s Theory of Knowledge 1898 Marian Massonius Rozdwojenie mysli polskiej Duality of Polish Thought 1901 Marian Massonius translations of and prefaces to works by E Tardieu A Schopenhauer and E Dubois Reimond Dr Marian Massonius Dzieje Uniwersytetu Wilenskiego 1781 1832 History of Wilno University Notatki z wykladow w roku akademickim 1924 1925 Notes of lectures in academic year 1924 25 Torun Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Mikolaja Kopernika 2005 Prof Marian Massonius O bolszewizmie On Bolshevism Lecture presented at Poznan August 21 1920 in the Glosy na czasie Voices of Our Time series no 45 Poznan Ksiegarnia sw Wojciecha 1921 pp 8 19 40 42 56 64 See also editHistory of philosophy in Poland List of PolesNotes edit Wladyslaw Tatarkiewicz Historia filozofii History of Philosophy 3 vols Warsaw Panstwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe 1978 vol 3 pp 177 78 a b in English Osrodek Mysli Politycznej Center for Political Thought 1998 Marian Massonius 1862 1945 Archived 2009 07 27 at the Wayback Machine with selected fragments from his essay On Bolshevism References editTadeusz Czezowski Leon Gumanski Knowledge science and values Published by Rodopi Page 284 Stefan Konstanczak Nurt neomesjanistyczny w filozofii polskiej konca XIX wieku Neo Messianic trend in Polish philosophy at the end of the 19th century SLUPSKIE STUDIA FILOZOFICZNE nr 7 Uniwersytet Stefana Batorego w Wilnie kadra akademicka Senat USB Zbiory Specjalne Dokumenty Zycia Spolecznego dr Anna Supruniuk Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Marian Massonius amp oldid 1194911769, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
