Marcheshvan (Hebrew: מַרְחֶשְׁוָן, StandardMarḥešvan, TiberianMarḥešwān; from Akkadianwaraḫsamnu, literally, 'eighth month'), sometimes shortened to Cheshvan (חֶשְׁוָן, StandardḤešvanTiberianḤešwān), is the second month of the civil year (which starts on 1 Tishrei), and the eighth month of the ecclesiastical year (which starts on 1 Nisan) on the Hebrew calendar.
Cheshvan
The Great Flood, which according to the Bible wiped out the world, started in Marcheshvan.
In a regular (kesidran) year, Marcheshvan has 29 days, but because of the Rosh Hashanah postponement rules, in some years, an additional day is added to Marcheshvan to make the year a "full" (maleh) year. Marcheshvan occurs in October–November in the Gregorian calendar.
The Hebrew Bible, before the Babylonian Exile, refers to the month as Bul (1 Kings 6:38). In Sidon, the reference to Bul is also made on the Sarcophaugus of Eshmunazar II dated to the early 5th century BC.
Compared to its Akkadian etymonwaraḫsamnu, the name Marḥešvan displays the same lenition of ungeminated מ /m/ to ו /v/ found in other month names (Tammuz traditionally contains mem with dagesh). Uniquely to this name the initial ו has also changed to מ, giving the overall effect of a metathesis. In the modern form, with the connection to the roots w-r-ḥ ('moon', 'month') and š-m-n ('eight') no longer apparent, the first two letters מַר (mar) have been re-interpreted as the Hebrew word for 'bitter', alluding to the fact that the month has no holidays or fasts.[1] In other contexts, the word מַר is attributed to mean droplet,[2] associating this month with the rainy season.
Events in Marcheshvan
7 Marcheshvan: The prayer V'tein tal u-matar ('deliver dew and rain') is added to the Shemoneh Esrei prayers in Israel. If no rain has fallen by the 17th of the month, special prayers are added for rain.[1]
Fast of Behav: According to the custom of most Eastern Ashkenazic communities, on the first Sabbath after Rosh Chodesh Cheshvan, a prayer is recited on behalf of all those who are going to fast on Bahab. Bahab, or in Hebrew בה"ב, stands for 2, 5, 2, i.e., Monday (2nd day of the week), Thursday (5th day), and another Monday. On the Monday, Thursday, and second Monday after the Sabbath, it is customary in many communities (mostly Ashkenazic, although there were some Sephardic communities who adopted this custom as well) to fast and/or to recite penitential prayers called Selichot. According to the Western Ashkenazic rite, as well as some Eastern Ashkenazic communities (especially Hungarian communities), the second Monday of Bahab is the Monday before Rosh ChodeshKislev, the Thursday is the Thursday preceding that, the first Monday is the Monday preceding that, and the Sabbath in which the prayer is recited is the Sabbath preceding that. Bahab is also observed at the beginning of Iyar; in Iyar it is observed at the beginning of the month in both Eastern and Western Ashkenazic rites.
Sigd: The Ethiopian Jewish community celebrates Sigd on the 29th day of Marcheshvan, 50 days from Yom Kippur, analogous to counting 50 days from Pesach to Shavuot. Israel officially recognized Sigd as a national holiday in 2008, and it is observed annually on 29 Cheshvan.[3]
Marcheshvan in Jewish history and tradition
8 Marcheshvan (A.D.66) – Jewish nationalists defeat the Romans at the famous Beth Horon Pass, killing 5,300 footmen and 380 horsemen [4]
11 Marcheshvan (circa 2105 BCE) – Methuselah dies at age 969
11 Marcheshvan (circa 1553 BCE) – Death of Rachel while giving birth to Benjamin
15 Marcheshvan (165 BCE) – Death of Matityahu (Mattathias), who began the Maccabean revolt in the city of Modiin
16 Marcheshvan (1938) – Kristallnacht/Pogromnacht: 1,400 synagogues and numerous copies of the Tanakh are purposefully and systematically set on fire and allowed to burn in Nazi Germany[5]
cheshvan, marcheshvan, hebrew, standard, marḥešvan, tiberian, marḥešwān, from, akkadian, waraḫsamnu, literally, eighth, month, sometimes, shortened, standard, Ḥešvan, tiberian, Ḥešwān, second, month, civil, year, which, starts, tishrei, eighth, month, ecclesia. Marcheshvan Hebrew מ ר ח ש ו ן Standard Marḥesvan Tiberian Marḥeswan from Akkadian waraḫsamnu literally eighth month sometimes shortened to Cheshvan ח ש ו ן Standard Ḥesvan Tiberian Ḥeswan is the second month of the civil year which starts on 1 Tishrei and the eighth month of the ecclesiastical year which starts on 1 Nisan on the Hebrew calendar CheshvanThe Great Flood which according to the Bible wiped out the world started in Marcheshvan Native nameמ ר ח ש ו ן Hebrew CalendarHebrew calendarMonth number8Number of days29 or 30SeasonAutumn Northern Hemisphere Gregorian equivalentOctober November TishreiKislev In a regular kesidran year Marcheshvan has 29 days but because of the Rosh Hashanah postponement rules in some years an additional day is added to Marcheshvan to make the year a full maleh year Marcheshvan occurs in October November in the Gregorian calendar The Hebrew Bible before the Babylonian Exile refers to the month as Bul 1 Kings 6 38 In Sidon the reference to Bul is also made on the Sarcophaugus of Eshmunazar II dated to the early 5th century BC Contents 1 Etymology 2 Events in Marcheshvan 3 Marcheshvan in Jewish history and tradition 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksEtymology EditCompared to its Akkadian etymon waraḫsamnu the name Marḥesvan displays the same lenition of ungeminated מ m to ו v found in other month names Tammuz traditionally contains mem with dagesh Uniquely to this name the initial ו has also changed to מ giving the overall effect of a metathesis In the modern form with the connection to the roots w r ḥ moon month and s m n eight no longer apparent the first two letters מ ר mar have been re interpreted as the Hebrew word for bitter alluding to the fact that the month has no holidays or fasts 1 In other contexts the word מ ר is attributed to mean droplet 2 associating this month with the rainy season Events in Marcheshvan Edit7 Marcheshvan The prayer V tein tal u matar deliver dew and rain is added to the Shemoneh Esrei prayers in Israel If no rain has fallen by the 17th of the month special prayers are added for rain 1 Fast of Behav According to the custom of most Eastern Ashkenazic communities on the first Sabbath after Rosh Chodesh Cheshvan a prayer is recited on behalf of all those who are going to fast on Bahab Bahab or in Hebrew בה ב stands for 2 5 2 i e Monday 2nd day of the week Thursday 5th day and another Monday On the Monday Thursday and second Monday after the Sabbath it is customary in many communities mostly Ashkenazic although there were some Sephardic communities who adopted this custom as well to fast and or to recite penitential prayers called Selichot According to the Western Ashkenazic rite as well as some Eastern Ashkenazic communities especially Hungarian communities the second Monday of Bahab is the Monday before Rosh Chodesh Kislev the Thursday is the Thursday preceding that the first Monday is the Monday preceding that and the Sabbath in which the prayer is recited is the Sabbath preceding that Bahab is also observed at the beginning of Iyar in Iyar it is observed at the beginning of the month in both Eastern and Western Ashkenazic rites Sigd The Ethiopian Jewish community celebrates Sigd on the 29th day of Marcheshvan 50 days from Yom Kippur analogous to counting 50 days from Pesach to Shavuot Israel officially recognized Sigd as a national holiday in 2008 and it is observed annually on 29 Cheshvan 3 Marcheshvan in Jewish history and tradition Edit8 Marcheshvan A D 66 Jewish nationalists defeat the Romans at the famous Beth Horon Pass killing 5 300 footmen and 380 horsemen 4 11 Marcheshvan circa 2105 BCE Methuselah dies at age 969 11 Marcheshvan circa 1553 BCE Death of Rachel while giving birth to Benjamin 12 Marcheshvan 1995 Assassination of Yitzhak Rabin now a national memorial day 15 Marcheshvan King Jeroboam s alternative feast of Sukkot for the people of the northern Kingdom 1 Kings 12 32 33 15 Marcheshvan 165 BCE Death of Matityahu Mattathias who began the Maccabean revolt in the city of Modiin 16 Marcheshvan 1938 Kristallnacht Pogromnacht 1 400 synagogues and numerous copies of the Tanakh are purposefully and systematically set on fire and allowed to burn in Nazi Germany 5 16 Marcheshvan 1994 Death of Reb Shlomo Carlebach 17 Marcheshvan circa 960 BCE First Temple completed by King Solomon 6 it was not inaugurated until the following Tishrei however 20 Marcheshvan 1860 Birth of Rabbi Sholom Dovber Schneersohn the 5th Chabad Rebbe 23 Marcheshvan 164 BCE Hasmonean holiday commemorating the removal from the Holy Temple of altar stones which were defiled by the GreeksSee also EditJewish astrologyReferences Edit a b Cheshvan Orthodox Union 2014 02 13 Retrieved 2019 05 12 יש הבדל בין גשם למטר Leshoniada co il article 2022 10 30 Viner Erin 5 November 2021 Beta Israel celebrate Sigd holiday TV7 Israel News Retrieved 9 December 2021 Josephus Wars 2 19 9 551 555 Confino Alon Why the Nazis Burned the Hebrew Bible Commentary vol 137 no 6 June 2014 pp 30 34 EBSCOhost 1 Kings 6 38External links EditResources on the Month of Cheshvan Chabad This Month in Jewish History Cheshvan and Its Message Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cheshvan amp oldid 1132473258, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
