Ma'aserot (Hebrew: מַעֲשְׂרוֹת, lit. "Tithes") is the seventh tractate of Seder Zeraim ("Order of Seeds") of the Mishnah, Tosefta, and the Jerusalem Talmud. It discusses the types of produce liable for tithing as well as the circumstances and timing under which produce becomes obligated for tithing. In Biblical times, during each of the six years of the cycle, "Maaser Rishon" was given to Levites as 10% of an individual's crop. "Maaser Sheni" was separated in the first, second, fourth and fifth year and is 10% of the crop remaining after "Maaser Rishon". It was brought to Jerusalem to be eaten there or was redeemed upon coins which were deconsecrated upon food in Jerusalem. The final category is "Maaser Ani" that is given to the poor in the third and sixth years.
The treatise is divided into five chapters (three in the Tosefta). Its contents are summarized as follows:
Ch. 1: Whatever is edible, and is private property, and grows in the ground is subject to tithe. Plants that are edible while young as well as when full grown are subject to tithe before maturity (if any part of the crop is taken before maturity); but of plants that are not properly eatable before they reach a certain stage of ripeness one may eat, without separating the tithes, until they develop. The Mishnah then proceeds to designate the respective stages at which plants come under the general head of edibles and are consequently subject to tithe. As between picking for marketing and for domestic consumption a distinction is made: in the latter case one may use small quantities before bringing the mass under shelter.[1]
Ch. 2-4: Under what circumstances a chaber may eat of the produce of an am ha'aretz without first separating the ma'aser. If a laborer, hired to assist in gathering figs, stipulates with his employer that he be allowed to eat of the fruit, he may eat without regard to tithing; but if his stipulation includes one of his dependents, or if he sends one of his dependents instead, the latter will not be privileged to partake of the fruit before the tithe is properly set aside. [The laborer is by law entitled to eat of the produce he handles, as a kind of charity.][2] After the crop reaches the employer's enclosed premises the laborer may eat thereof only if his employer has not promised to board him.[1]
Ch. 5: Laws regarding cases in which one is required to pay tithes when he transplants vegetables; laws regarding the sale of crops to one who is suspected of non-observance; law regarding the paying of tithes in the case of vegetable fields purchased in Syria.[1]
Related topics in other tractates
Ma'aser Sheni is the main topic, along with the laws of Reva'i, of the next tractate, "Ma'aser Sheni". Maaser Ani is discussed in Tractate "Pe'ah". The seventh year of the cycle is designated "Shemitta", and in that year there were no tithes given at all in the Land of Israel.
^ abc One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: S. S. S. M. (1901–1906). "MA'ASEROT". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
^See Mishnah Bava Metzia 7:2 (Hebrew: משנה בבא מציעא ז ב) et seq.; compare Bava Metzia 92a (Hebrew/Aramaic בבא מציעא צב א) et seq.
External links
Full text of the Mishnah for tractate Ma'aserot on Sefaria (Hebrew and English)
December 27, 2022
aserot, hebrew, רו, tithes, seventh, tractate, seder, zeraim, order, seeds, mishnah, tosefta, jerusalem, talmud, discusses, types, produce, liable, tithing, well, circumstances, timing, under, which, produce, becomes, obligated, tithing, biblical, times, durin. Ma aserot Hebrew מ ע ש רו ת lit Tithes is the seventh tractate of Seder Zeraim Order of Seeds of the Mishnah Tosefta and the Jerusalem Talmud It discusses the types of produce liable for tithing as well as the circumstances and timing under which produce becomes obligated for tithing In Biblical times during each of the six years of the cycle Maaser Rishon was given to Levites as 10 of an individual s crop Maaser Sheni was separated in the first second fourth and fifth year and is 10 of the crop remaining after Maaser Rishon It was brought to Jerusalem to be eaten there or was redeemed upon coins which were deconsecrated upon food in Jerusalem The final category is Maaser Ani that is given to the poor in the third and sixth years Ma aserotTractate of the TalmudEnglish TithesSeder ZeraimNumber of Mishnahs 40Chapters 5Babylonian Talmud pages Jerusalem Talmud pages 26Tosefta chapters 3 TerumotMa aser Sheni Contents 1 Chapters 2 Related topics in other tractates 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksChapters EditThe treatise is divided into five chapters three in the Tosefta Its contents are summarized as follows Ch 1 Whatever is edible and is private property and grows in the ground is subject to tithe Plants that are edible while young as well as when full grown are subject to tithe before maturity if any part of the crop is taken before maturity but of plants that are not properly eatable before they reach a certain stage of ripeness one may eat without separating the tithes until they develop The Mishnah then proceeds to designate the respective stages at which plants come under the general head of edibles and are consequently subject to tithe As between picking for marketing and for domestic consumption a distinction is made in the latter case one may use small quantities before bringing the mass under shelter 1 Ch 2 4 Under what circumstances a chaber may eat of the produce of an am ha aretz without first separating the ma aser If a laborer hired to assist in gathering figs stipulates with his employer that he be allowed to eat of the fruit he may eat without regard to tithing but if his stipulation includes one of his dependents or if he sends one of his dependents instead the latter will not be privileged to partake of the fruit before the tithe is properly set aside The laborer is by law entitled to eat of the produce he handles as a kind of charity 2 After the crop reaches the employer s enclosed premises the laborer may eat thereof only if his employer has not promised to board him 1 Ch 5 Laws regarding cases in which one is required to pay tithes when he transplants vegetables laws regarding the sale of crops to one who is suspected of non observance law regarding the paying of tithes in the case of vegetable fields purchased in Syria 1 Related topics in other tractates EditMa aser Sheni is the main topic along with the laws of Reva i of the next tractate Ma aser Sheni Maaser Ani is discussed in Tractate Pe ah The seventh year of the cycle is designated Shemitta and in that year there were no tithes given at all in the Land of Israel See also EditTithes in JudaismReferences Edit a b c One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain S S S M 1901 1906 MA ASEROT In Singer Isidore et al eds The Jewish Encyclopedia New York Funk amp Wagnalls Retrieved 11 June 2013 See Mishnah Bava Metzia 7 2 Hebrew משנה בבא מציעא ז ב et seq compare Bava Metzia 92a Hebrew Aramaic בבא מציעא צב א et seq External links EditFull text of the Mishnah for tractate Ma aserot on Sefaria Hebrew and English Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ma 27aserot amp oldid 1091779044, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
