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M. Stanley Whittingham

October 21, 2023

Michael Stanley Whittingham (born 22 December 1941) is a British-American chemist. He is a professor of chemistry and director of both the Institute for Materials Research and the Materials Science and Engineering program at Binghamton University, State University of New York. He also serves as director of the Northeastern Center for Chemical Energy Storage (NECCES) of the U.S. Department of Energy at Binghamton. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2019 alongside Akira Yoshino and John B. Goodenough.[1][2]

M. Stanley Whittingham
Born
Michael Stanley Whittingham

(1941-12-22) 22 December 1941 (age 81)
Nottingham, England
NationalityBritish, American
Alma materNew College, Oxford (BA, MA, DPhil)
Known forLithium-ion battery
AwardsNobel Prize in Chemistry (2019)
Scientific career
FieldsChemist
InstitutionsBinghamton University
ThesisMicrobalance studies of some oxide systems (1968)
Doctoral advisorPeter Dickens
Other academic advisorsRobert Huggins (post-doc)

Whittingham is a key figure in the history of lithium-ion batteries, which are used in everything from mobile phones to electric vehicles. He discovered intercalation electrodes and thoroughly described intercalation reactions in rechargeable batteries in the 1970s. He holds the patents on the concept of using intercalation chemistry in high power-density, highly reversible lithium-ion batteries. He also invented the first rechargeable lithium metal battery (LMB), patented in 1977 and assigned to Exxon for commercialization in small devices and electric vehicles. Whittingham's rechargeable lithium metal battery is based on a LiAl anode and an intercalation-type TiS2 cathode. His work on lithium batteries laid the foundation for others' developments, so he is called the founding father of lithium-ion batteries.[3]

Education and career Edit

Whittingham was born in Nottingham, England, on 22 December 1941.[4][5] He was educated at Stamford School from 1951 to 1960, before going up to New College, Oxford to read chemistry. At the University of Oxford, he took his BA (1964), MA (1967), and DPhil (1968).[6] After completing his graduate studies, Whittingham became a postdoctoral fellow at Stanford University.[7] He worked 16 years for Exxon Research & Engineering Company[7] and four years working for Schlumberger prior to becoming a professor at Binghamton University.[6]

From 1994 to 2000, he served as the university's vice provost for research.[4] He also served as vice-chair of the Research Foundation of the State University of New York for six years. He is a Distinguished Professor of Chemistry and Materials Science and Engineering at Binghamton University.[7] Whittingham was named Chief Scientific Officer of NAATBatt International in 2017.[4]

Whittingham co-chaired the DOE study of Chemical Energy Storage in 2007,[8] and is a director of the Northeastern Center for Chemical Energy Storage (NECCES), a U.S. Department of Energy Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) at Binghamton. In 2014, NECCES was awarded $12.8 million, from the U.S. Department of Energy to help accelerate scientific breakthroughs needed to build the 21st-century economy. In 2018, NECCES was granted another $3 million by the Department of Energy to continue its research on batteries. The NECCES team is using the funding to improve energy-storage materials and to develop new materials that are "cheaper, environmentally friendly, and able to store more energy than current materials can".[9]

Research Edit

Whittingham conceived the intercalation electrode. Exxon manufactured Whittingham's lithium-ion battery in the 1970s, based on a titanium disulfide cathode and a lithium-aluminum anode.[10] The battery had high energy density and the diffusion of lithium ions into the titanium disulfide cathode was reversible, making the battery rechargeable. In addition, titanium disulfide has a particularly fast rate of lithium ion diffusion into the crystal lattice. Exxon threw its resources behind the commercialization of a Li/LiClO4/ TiS2 battery. However, safety concerns led Exxon to end the project. Whittingham and his team continued to publish their work in academic journals of electrochemistry and solid-state physics. He left Exxon in 1984 and spent four years at Schlumberger as a manager. In 1988, he became Professor at the Chemistry Department, Binghamton University, U.S. to pursue his academic interests.

"All these batteries are called intercalation batteries. It’s like putting jam in a sandwich. In the chemical terms, it means you have a crystal structure, and we can put lithium ions in, take them out, and the structure’s exactly the same afterwards," Whittingham said. "We retain the crystal structure. That’s what makes these lithium batteries so good, allows them to cycle for so long."[10]

Lithium batteries have limited capacity because less than one lithium-ion/electron is reversibly intercalated per transition metal redox center. To achieve higher energy densities, one approach is to go beyond the one-electron redox intercalation reactions. Whittingham's research has advanced to multi-electron intercalation reactions, which can increase the storage capacity by intercalating multiple lithium ions. A few multi-electron intercalation materials have been successfully developed by Whittingham, like LiVOPO4/VOPO4. The multivalent vanadium cation (V3+<->V5+) plays an important role to accomplish the multi-electron reactions. These promising materials shine lights on the battery industry to increase energy density rapidly.

Whittingham received the Young Author Award from The Electrochemical Society in 1971,[11] the Battery Research Award in 2003,[12] and was elected a Fellow in 2004.[13] In 2010, he was listed as one of the Top 40 innovators for contributions to advancing green technology by Greentech Media.[14] In 2012, Whittingham received the IBA Yeager Award for Lifetime Contribution to Lithium Battery Materials Research,[15] and he was elected a Fellow of Materials Research Society in 2013.[16] He was listed along with John B. Goodenough, for pioneering research leading to the development of the lithium-ion battery on a list of Clarivate Citation Laureates for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry by Thomson Reuters in 2015.[10][17] In 2018, Whittingham was elected to the National Academy of Engineering, "for pioneering the application of intercalation chemistry for energy storage materials."[18]

In 2019, Whittingham, along with John B. Goodenough and Akira Yoshino, was awarded the 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for the development of lithium-ion batteries."[1][2]

Personal life Edit

Stanley is married to Dr. Georgina Whittingham, a professor of Spanish at the State University of New York, Oswego. He has two children, Michael Whittingham and Jenniffer Whittingham-Bras.[19][20]

Recognition Edit

Books Edit

  • J. B. Goodenough & M. S. Whittingham (1977). Solid State Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage. American Chemical Society Symposium Series #163. ISBN 978-0-8412-0358-7.
  • G. G. Libowitz & M. S. Whittingham (1979). Materials Science in Energy Technology. Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-447550-2.
  • M. S. Whittingham & A. J. Jacobson (1984). Intercalation Chemistry. Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-747380-2.
  • D. L. Nelson, M. S. Whittingham and T. F. George (1987). Chemistry of High Temperature Superconductors. American Chemical Society Symposium Series #352. ISBN 978-0-8412-1431-6.
  • M. A. Alario-Franco, M. Greenblatt, G. Rohrer and M. S. Whittingham (2003). Solid-state chemistry of inorganic materials IV. Materials Research Society. ISBN 978-1-55899-692-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

Most-cited papers Edit

(As of 2019:[25])

  • Whittingham, M. S. (1976). "Electrical energy storage and intercalation chemistry". Science. 192 (4244): 1126–1127. Bibcode:1976Sci...192.1126W. doi:10.1126/science.192.4244.1126. PMID 17748676. S2CID 36607505.
  • Whittingham, M. Stanley (1976). "The role of ternary phases in cathode reactions". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 123 (3): 315–320. Bibcode:1976JElS..123..315W. doi:10.1149/1.2132817.
  • Whittingham, M.Stanley (1978). "Chemistry of intercalation compounds: metal guests in chalcogenide hosts". Progress in Solid State Chemistry. 12 (1): 41–99. doi:10.1016/0079-6786(78)90003-1.
  • Whittingham, M. Stanley (October 2004). "Lithium batteries and cathode materials" (PDF). Chemical Reviews. 104 (10): 4271–4301. doi:10.1021/cr020731c. PMID 15669156. S2CID 888879.
  • Whittingham, M. Stanley (October 2014). "Ultimate limits to intercalation reactions for lithium batteries". Chemical Reviews. 114 (23): 11414–11443. doi:10.1021/cr5003003. PMID 25354149.
  • Chirayil, Thomas; Zavalij, Peter Y.; Whittingham, M. Stanley (October 1998). "Hydrothermal synthesis of vanadium oxides". Chemistry of Materials. 10 (10): 2629–2640. doi:10.1021/cm980242m.
  • Zavalij, Peter Y.; Whittingham, M. Stanley (October 1999). "Structural chemistry of vanadium oxides with open frameworks". Acta Crystallographica Section B. 55 (5): 627–663. doi:10.1107/S0108768199004000. PMID 10927405.
  • Chen, Rongji; Zavalij, Peter; Whittingham, M. Stanley (June 1996). "Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of KxMnO2·yH2O". Chemistry of Materials. 8 (6): 1275–1280. doi:10.1021/cm950550.
  • Janauer, Gerald G.; Dobley, Arthur; Guo, Jingdong; Zavalij, Peter; Whittingham, M. Stanley (August 1996). "Novel tungsten, molybdenum, and vanadium oxides containing surfactant ions". Chemistry of Materials. 8 (8): 2096–2101. doi:10.1021/cm960111q.
  • Yang, Shoufeng; Song, Yanning; Zavalij, Peter Y.; Stanley Whittingham, M. (March 2002). "Reactivity, stability and electrochemical behavior of lithium iron phosphates". Electrochemistry Communications. 4 (3): 239–244. doi:10.1016/S1388-2481(01)00298-3.
  • Yang, Shoufeng; Zavalij, Peter Y.; Stanley Whittingham, M. (September 2001). "Hydrothermal synthesis of lithium iron phosphate cathodes". Electrochemistry Communications. 3 (9): 505–508. doi:10.1016/S1388-2481(01)00200-4.
  • Whittingham, M. Stanley; Guo, Jing-Dong; Chen, Rongji; Chirayil, Thomas; Janauer, Gerald; Zavalij, Peter (January 1995). "The hydrothermal synthesis of new oxide materials". Solid State Ionics. 75: 257–268. doi:10.1016/0167-2738(94)00220-M.
  • Petkov, V.; Zavalij, P. Y.; Lutta, S.; Whittingham, M. S.; Parvanov, V.; Shastri, S. (February 2004). (PDF). Physical Review B. 69 (8): 085410 (1–6). Bibcode:2004PhRvB..69h5410P. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.69.085410. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2019.
  • "Vanadium modified LiFePO4 cathode for Li-ion batteries". Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters. 12 (2): A33–A38. February 2009. doi:10.1149/1.3039795.
  • Zhou, Hui; Upreti, Shailesh; Chernova, Natasha A.; Hautier, Geoffroy; Ceder, Gerbrand; Whittingham, M. Stanley (December 2010). "Iron and Manganese Pyrophosphates as cathodes for Lithium-Ion batteries" (PDF). Chemistry of Materials. 23 (2): 293–300. doi:10.1021/cm102922q.

References Edit

  1. ^ a b c "Nobel Prize in Chemistry Announcement". The Nobel Prize. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
  2. ^ a b Specia, Megan (9 October 2019). "Nobel Prize in Chemistry Honors Work on Lithium-Ion Batteries". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
  3. ^ Ramanan, A. (10 November 2019). (PDF). Current Science. 117 (9): 1416–1418. Archived from the original on 5 December 2019. Retrieved 16 March 2021.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  4. ^ a b c d Marquis Who's Who Top Educators. 23 January 2019. Archived from the original on 10 October 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  5. ^ "M. Stanley Whittingham: Facts". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 20 October 2019.
  6. ^ a b . Binghamton University. Archived from the original on 22 August 2019. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  7. ^ a b c Yarosh, Ryan (9 October 2019). "Binghamton University professor wins Nobel Prize in Chemistry". Binghamton University. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  8. ^ Desmond, Kevin (16 May 2016). Innovators in Battery Technology: Profiles of 93 Influential Electrochemists. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. p. 240. ISBN 9780786499335. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  9. ^ Ellis, Katie (19 June 2014). "Federal grant boosts smart energy research". Binghamton University Division of Research. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  10. ^ a b c "Binghamton professor recognized for energy research". The Research Foundation for the State University of New York. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  11. ^ . The Electrochemical Society. Archived from the original on 22 August 2019. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  12. ^ . The Electrochemical Society. Archived from the original on 22 August 2019. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  13. ^ "Fellow of The Electrochemical Society". The Electrochemical Society. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  14. ^ Kanellos, Michael (20 April 2010). "The Greentech Hall of Fame". Greentech Media. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  15. ^ "Awards". International Battery Materials Association. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  16. ^ . Materials Research Society. Archived from the original on 10 October 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  17. ^ a b Mackof, Alexandra. "BU chemistry professor named as Nobel Prize hopeful". Pipe Dream. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  18. ^ "Dr. M. Stanley Whittingham". National Academy of Engineering. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  19. ^ "2019 Nobel Prize winner: Dr. M. Stanley Whittingham talks award, impact, batteries". Binghamton Press & Sun-Bulletin. Retrieved 12 October 2019.
  20. ^ "Faculty profile, Modern Languages: Georgina Whittingham". State University of New York at Oswego. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
  21. ^ . SUNY Foundation. 2 May 2007. Archived from the original on 22 March 2020. Retrieved 27 October 2019.
  22. ^ "Prof. M. Stanley Whittingham". internationalsocietysolidstateionics.org. Retrieved 27 October 2019.
  23. ^ "Stan Whittingham selected for 2018 David Turnbull Lectureship Award". MRS Bulletin. 43 (11): 871. November 2018. doi:10.1557/mrs.2018.273. ISSN 0883-7694.
  24. ^ "Dr. M. Stanley Whittingham". NAE Website. Retrieved 27 October 2019.
  25. ^ "Stanley Whittingham". Google Scholar. Retrieved 10 October 2019.

External links Edit

 
Scholia has a profile for M. Stanley Whittingham (Q285062).

October 21, 2023
stanley, whittingham, michael, stanley, whittingham, born, december, 1941, british, american, chemist, professor, chemistry, director, both, institute, materials, research, materials, science, engineering, program, binghamton, university, state, university, yo. Michael Stanley Whittingham born 22 December 1941 is a British American chemist He is a professor of chemistry and director of both the Institute for Materials Research and the Materials Science and Engineering program at Binghamton University State University of New York He also serves as director of the Northeastern Center for Chemical Energy Storage NECCES of the U S Department of Energy at Binghamton He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2019 alongside Akira Yoshino and John B Goodenough 1 2 M Stanley WhittinghamBornMichael Stanley Whittingham 1941 12 22 22 December 1941 age 81 Nottingham EnglandNationalityBritish AmericanAlma materNew College Oxford BA MA DPhil Known forLithium ion batteryAwardsNobel Prize in Chemistry 2019 Scientific careerFieldsChemistInstitutionsBinghamton UniversityThesisMicrobalance studies of some oxide systems 1968 Doctoral advisorPeter DickensOther academic advisorsRobert Huggins post doc Whittingham is a key figure in the history of lithium ion batteries which are used in everything from mobile phones to electric vehicles He discovered intercalation electrodes and thoroughly described intercalation reactions in rechargeable batteries in the 1970s He holds the patents on the concept of using intercalation chemistry in high power density highly reversible lithium ion batteries He also invented the first rechargeable lithium metal battery LMB patented in 1977 and assigned to Exxon for commercialization in small devices and electric vehicles Whittingham s rechargeable lithium metal battery is based on a LiAl anode and an intercalation type TiS2 cathode His work on lithium batteries laid the foundation for others developments so he is called the founding father of lithium ion batteries 3 Contents 1 Education and career 2 Research 3 Personal life 4 Recognition 5 Books 6 Most cited papers 7 References 8 External linksEducation and career EditWhittingham was born in Nottingham England on 22 December 1941 4 5 He was educated at Stamford School from 1951 to 1960 before going up to New College Oxford to read chemistry At the University of Oxford he took his BA 1964 MA 1967 and DPhil 1968 6 After completing his graduate studies Whittingham became a postdoctoral fellow at Stanford University 7 He worked 16 years for Exxon Research amp Engineering Company 7 and four years working for Schlumberger prior to becoming a professor at Binghamton University 6 From 1994 to 2000 he served as the university s vice provost for research 4 He also served as vice chair of the Research Foundation of the State University of New York for six years He is a Distinguished Professor of Chemistry and Materials Science and Engineering at Binghamton University 7 Whittingham was named Chief Scientific Officer of NAATBatt International in 2017 4 Whittingham co chaired the DOE study of Chemical Energy Storage in 2007 8 and is a director of the Northeastern Center for Chemical Energy Storage NECCES a U S Department of Energy Energy Frontier Research Center EFRC at Binghamton In 2014 NECCES was awarded 12 8 million from the U S Department of Energy to help accelerate scientific breakthroughs needed to build the 21st century economy In 2018 NECCES was granted another 3 million by the Department of Energy to continue its research on batteries The NECCES team is using the funding to improve energy storage materials and to develop new materials that are cheaper environmentally friendly and able to store more energy than current materials can 9 Research EditWhittingham conceived the intercalation electrode Exxon manufactured Whittingham s lithium ion battery in the 1970s based on a titanium disulfide cathode and a lithium aluminum anode 10 The battery had high energy density and the diffusion of lithium ions into the titanium disulfide cathode was reversible making the battery rechargeable In addition titanium disulfide has a particularly fast rate of lithium ion diffusion into the crystal lattice Exxon threw its resources behind the commercialization of a Li LiClO4 TiS2 battery However safety concerns led Exxon to end the project Whittingham and his team continued to publish their work in academic journals of electrochemistry and solid state physics He left Exxon in 1984 and spent four years at Schlumberger as a manager In 1988 he became Professor at the Chemistry Department Binghamton University U S to pursue his academic interests All these batteries are called intercalation batteries It s like putting jam in a sandwich In the chemical terms it means you have a crystal structure and we can put lithium ions in take them out and the structure s exactly the same afterwards Whittingham said We retain the crystal structure That s what makes these lithium batteries so good allows them to cycle for so long 10 Lithium batteries have limited capacity because less than one lithium ion electron is reversibly intercalated per transition metal redox center To achieve higher energy densities one approach is to go beyond the one electron redox intercalation reactions Whittingham s research has advanced to multi electron intercalation reactions which can increase the storage capacity by intercalating multiple lithium ions A few multi electron intercalation materials have been successfully developed by Whittingham like LiVOPO4 VOPO4 The multivalent vanadium cation V3 lt gt V5 plays an important role to accomplish the multi electron reactions These promising materials shine lights on the battery industry to increase energy density rapidly Whittingham received the Young Author Award from The Electrochemical Society in 1971 11 the Battery Research Award in 2003 12 and was elected a Fellow in 2004 13 In 2010 he was listed as one of the Top 40 innovators for contributions to advancing green technology by Greentech Media 14 In 2012 Whittingham received the IBA Yeager Award for Lifetime Contribution to Lithium Battery Materials Research 15 and he was elected a Fellow of Materials Research Society in 2013 16 He was listed along with John B Goodenough for pioneering research leading to the development of the lithium ion battery on a list of Clarivate Citation Laureates for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry by Thomson Reuters in 2015 10 17 In 2018 Whittingham was elected to the National Academy of Engineering for pioneering the application of intercalation chemistry for energy storage materials 18 In 2019 Whittingham along with John B Goodenough and Akira Yoshino was awarded the 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the development of lithium ion batteries 1 2 Personal life EditStanley is married to Dr Georgina Whittingham a professor of Spanish at the State University of New York Oswego He has two children Michael Whittingham and Jenniffer Whittingham Bras 19 20 Recognition Edit2007 Chancellor s Award for Excellence in Scholarship and Creative Activities and Outstanding Research Award State University of New York 21 2010 Award for Lifetime Contributions from the American Chemical Society 4 2015 Thomson Reuters Citation Laureate 17 2017 Senior Scientist Award from the International Society for Solid State Ionics 22 2018 Turnbull Award from the Materials Research Society 23 2018 Member National Academy of Engineering 24 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with John B Goodenough and Akira Yoshino 1 Books EditJ B Goodenough amp M S Whittingham 1977 Solid State Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage American Chemical Society Symposium Series 163 ISBN 978 0 8412 0358 7 G G Libowitz amp M S Whittingham 1979 Materials Science in Energy Technology Academic Press ISBN 978 0 12 447550 2 M S Whittingham amp A J Jacobson 1984 Intercalation Chemistry Academic Press ISBN 978 0 12 747380 2 D L Nelson M S Whittingham and T F George 1987 Chemistry of High Temperature Superconductors American Chemical Society Symposium Series 352 ISBN 978 0 8412 1431 6 M A Alario Franco M Greenblatt G Rohrer and M S Whittingham 2003 Solid state chemistry of inorganic materials IV Materials Research Society ISBN 978 1 55899 692 2 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Most cited papers Edit As of 2019 update 25 Whittingham M S 1976 Electrical energy storage and intercalation chemistry Science 192 4244 1126 1127 Bibcode 1976Sci 192 1126W doi 10 1126 science 192 4244 1126 PMID 17748676 S2CID 36607505 Whittingham M Stanley 1976 The role of ternary phases in cathode reactions Journal of the Electrochemical Society 123 3 315 320 Bibcode 1976JElS 123 315W doi 10 1149 1 2132817 Whittingham M Stanley 1978 Chemistry of intercalation compounds metal guests in chalcogenide hosts Progress in Solid State Chemistry 12 1 41 99 doi 10 1016 0079 6786 78 90003 1 Whittingham M Stanley October 2004 Lithium batteries and cathode materials PDF Chemical Reviews 104 10 4271 4301 doi 10 1021 cr020731c PMID 15669156 S2CID 888879 Whittingham M Stanley October 2014 Ultimate limits to intercalation reactions for lithium batteries Chemical Reviews 114 23 11414 11443 doi 10 1021 cr5003003 PMID 25354149 Chirayil Thomas Zavalij Peter Y Whittingham M Stanley October 1998 Hydrothermal synthesis of vanadium oxides Chemistry of Materials 10 10 2629 2640 doi 10 1021 cm980242m Zavalij Peter Y Whittingham M Stanley October 1999 Structural chemistry of vanadium oxides with open frameworks Acta Crystallographica Section B 55 5 627 663 doi 10 1107 S0108768199004000 PMID 10927405 Chen Rongji Zavalij Peter Whittingham M Stanley June 1996 Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of KxMnO2 yH2O Chemistry of Materials 8 6 1275 1280 doi 10 1021 cm950550 Janauer Gerald G Dobley Arthur Guo Jingdong Zavalij Peter Whittingham M Stanley August 1996 Novel tungsten molybdenum and vanadium oxides containing surfactant ions Chemistry of Materials 8 8 2096 2101 doi 10 1021 cm960111q Yang Shoufeng Song Yanning Zavalij Peter Y Stanley Whittingham M March 2002 Reactivity stability and electrochemical behavior of lithium iron phosphates Electrochemistry Communications 4 3 239 244 doi 10 1016 S1388 2481 01 00298 3 Yang Shoufeng Zavalij Peter Y Stanley Whittingham M September 2001 Hydrothermal synthesis of lithium iron phosphate cathodes Electrochemistry Communications 3 9 505 508 doi 10 1016 S1388 2481 01 00200 4 Whittingham M Stanley Guo Jing Dong Chen Rongji Chirayil Thomas Janauer Gerald Zavalij Peter January 1995 The hydrothermal synthesis of new oxide materials Solid State Ionics 75 257 268 doi 10 1016 0167 2738 94 00220 M Petkov V Zavalij P Y Lutta S Whittingham M S Parvanov V Shastri S February 2004 Structure beyond Bragg Study of V2O5 nanotubes PDF Physical Review B 69 8 085410 1 6 Bibcode 2004PhRvB 69h5410P doi 10 1103 PhysRevB 69 085410 Archived from the original PDF on 9 October 2019 Vanadium modified LiFePO4 cathode for Li ion batteries Electrochemical and Solid State Letters 12 2 A33 A38 February 2009 doi 10 1149 1 3039795 Zhou Hui Upreti Shailesh Chernova Natasha A Hautier Geoffroy Ceder Gerbrand Whittingham M Stanley December 2010 Iron and Manganese Pyrophosphates as cathodes for Lithium Ion batteries PDF Chemistry of Materials 23 2 293 300 doi 10 1021 cm102922q References Edit a b c Nobel Prize in Chemistry Announcement The Nobel Prize Retrieved 9 October 2019 a b Specia Megan 9 October 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry Honors Work on Lithium Ion Batteries The New York Times Retrieved 9 October 2019 Ramanan A 10 November 2019 Development of lithium ion batteries 2019 Nobel Prize for Chemistry PDF Current Science 117 9 1416 1418 Archived from the original on 5 December 2019 Retrieved 16 March 2021 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a CS1 maint unfit URL link a b c d Stanley Whittingham Ph D Marquis Who s Who Top Educators 23 January 2019 Archived from the original on 10 October 2019 Retrieved 10 October 2019 M Stanley Whittingham Facts Nobel Foundation Retrieved 20 October 2019 a b Dr M Stanley Whittingham Binghamton University Archived from the original on 22 August 2019 Retrieved 22 August 2019 a b c Yarosh Ryan 9 October 2019 Binghamton University professor wins Nobel Prize in Chemistry Binghamton University Retrieved 10 October 2019 Desmond Kevin 16 May 2016 Innovators in Battery Technology Profiles of 93 Influential Electrochemists Jefferson North Carolina McFarland p 240 ISBN 9780786499335 Retrieved 10 October 2019 Ellis Katie 19 June 2014 Federal grant boosts smart energy research Binghamton University Division of Research Retrieved 10 October 2019 a b c Binghamton professor recognized for energy research The Research Foundation for the State University of New York Retrieved 10 October 2019 Norman Hackerman Young Author Award The Electrochemical Society Archived from the original on 22 August 2019 Retrieved 22 August 2019 Battery Division Research Award The Electrochemical Society Archived from the original on 22 August 2019 Retrieved 22 August 2019 Fellow of The Electrochemical Society The Electrochemical Society Retrieved 10 October 2019 Kanellos Michael 20 April 2010 The Greentech Hall of Fame Greentech Media Retrieved 10 October 2019 Awards International Battery Materials Association Retrieved 10 October 2019 2013 MRS Fellows Materials Research Society Archived from the original on 10 October 2019 Retrieved 10 October 2019 a b Mackof Alexandra BU chemistry professor named as Nobel Prize hopeful Pipe Dream Retrieved 10 October 2019 Dr M Stanley Whittingham National Academy of Engineering Retrieved 10 October 2019 2019 Nobel Prize winner Dr M Stanley Whittingham talks award impact batteries Binghamton Press amp Sun Bulletin Retrieved 12 October 2019 Faculty profile Modern Languages Georgina Whittingham State University of New York at Oswego Retrieved 1 January 2020 Research amp Scholarship Award Recipients by Region SUNY Foundation 2 May 2007 Archived from the original on 22 March 2020 Retrieved 27 October 2019 Prof M Stanley Whittingham internationalsocietysolidstateionics org Retrieved 27 October 2019 Stan Whittingham selected for 2018 David Turnbull Lectureship Award MRS Bulletin 43 11 871 November 2018 doi 10 1557 mrs 2018 273 ISSN 0883 7694 Dr M Stanley Whittingham NAE Website Retrieved 27 October 2019 Stanley Whittingham Google Scholar Retrieved 10 October 2019 External links Edit nbsp Scholia has a profile for M Stanley Whittingham Q285062 M Stanley Whittingham s profile at Binghamton University website M Stanley Whittingham s interview 1 at Ecole superieure de physique et de chimie industrielles de la ville de Paris history of science website M Stanley Whittingham on Nobelprize org nbsp including the Nobel Lecture on Sunday 8 December 2019 The Origins of the Lithium Battery Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title M Stanley Whittingham amp oldid 1173881075, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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