Lumë (definiteAlbanianform: Luma, literally "river") is a region that extends itself in northeastern Albania and southwest Kosovo whose territory is synonymous
Luma region (green). Two villages of the Vërrini region in Kosovo and one village of the Gora region in Albania are traditionally associated with Luma only in relation to their historical tribal affiliation (yellow)
with the historic Albanian tribe (fis) of the same name.[1] It includes the village with the same name, Lumë, which is located in Albania. Luma is surrounded by Has region (north and northwest), Fan and Orosh (west), Reçi and M’Ujë e m’Uja (south west), Upper Reka (south east), Gora (east), Opoja and Vërrini of Prizren (north east).[2] The region itself also includes the small Arrëni tribe in the west and the Morina tribe in the east. Only a small portion of the region, half of historic Tërthorë bajrak (tribal banner), is situated within the borders of Kosovo[a], from Prizren city to the border between Kosovo and Albania.
Women from the region of Lumë dancing in a folk festival, with regional traditional clothing
During the Balkan wars (1912-1913), Serb military forces attempting to assert their control of the region entered Luma and attacked local inhabitants, killed tribal chieftains, removed livestock belonging to the population and razed villages.[3] The actions resulted in a local uprising by Albanians.[3] Serb forces retaliated through a scorched earth policy and massacres of the population ranging from the young to elderly, both men and women such as barricading people in mosques and houses and then firing upon or burning them.[3] Following the events, 25,000 people fled to Kosovo and western Macedonia.[3] The events have been considered as constituting a "localized genocide".[3]
Leo Freundlich, an Austrian correspondent who was in Luma at the time, reported that General Bozidar Jankovic, ordered his army to commit massacres of the Albanians of Luma resulting in entire villages being burned down with the inhabitants being burned or slaughtered alive. All in all, twenty-seven villages on Luma territory were burnt to the ground and their inhabitants slain, even the children. It was here that one of the most appalling atrocities of the Serbian war of annihilation was committed against the Albanians. Women and children were tied to bundles of hay and set on fire before the eyes of their husbands and fathers. The women were then barbarously cut to pieces and the children bayoneted. A colleague of Freundlich wrote "It is all so inconceivable, and yet it is true!" Four hundred men from Luma who gave themselves up voluntarily were taken to Prizren and executed day after day in groups of forty to sixty.
^Robert Elsie (30 May 2015). The Tribes of Albania: History, Society and Culture. I.B.Tauris. pp. 281–282. ISBN978-1-78453-401-1.
^ abcdFejzulla Gjabri (Department of Culture of Albania), Information about the Heroic Epos in the Province of Luma
^ abcdeLevene, Mark (2013). The Crisis of Genocide. Volume I: Devastation: The European Rimlands 1912–1938. Oxford University Press. p. 107. ISBN9780199683031.
^HOXHA, Shefqet. "BAJRAKTARËT E LUMËS". Pashtriku. Retrieved 15 November 2015. Megjithëse deri tani nuk është shpaluar ndonjë akt zyrtar i Perandorisë Osmane që ligjëronte zëvendësimin e sistemit të timarit në malësi me atë të njësive vetëqeverisëse tradicionale dhe si njësi administrative-ushtarake osmane me emrin "bajrak", ky proces mendohet të ketë nisur para shek.XVIII
Bibliography
"Albanian Golgotha: Exterminators of the Albanian People by Leo Freundlich in 1913"
Notes
^ The political status of Kosovo is disputed. Having unilaterally declared independence from Serbia in 2008, Kosovo is formally recognised as an independent state by 101 UN member states (with another 13 states recognising it at some point but then withdrawing their recognition) and 92 states not recognizing it, while Serbia continues to claim it as part of its own territory.
This article about a specific Albanian location is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
luma, region, lumë, definite, albanian, form, luma, literally, river, region, that, extends, itself, northeastern, albania, southwest, kosovo, whose, territory, synonymousluma, region, green, villages, vërrini, region, kosovo, village, gora, region, albania, t. Lume definite Albanian form Luma literally river is a region that extends itself in northeastern Albania and southwest Kosovo whose territory is synonymousLuma region green Two villages of the Verrini region in Kosovo and one village of the Gora region in Albania are traditionally associated with Luma only in relation to their historical tribal affiliation yellow with the historic Albanian tribe fis of the same name 1 It includes the village with the same name Lume which is located in Albania Luma is surrounded by Has region north and northwest Fan and Orosh west Reci and M Uje e m Uja south west Upper Reka south east Gora east Opoja and Verrini of Prizren north east 2 The region itself also includes the small Arreni tribe in the west and the Morina tribe in the east Only a small portion of the region half of historic Terthore bajrak tribal banner is situated within the borders of Kosovo a from Prizren city to the border between Kosovo and Albania Women from the region of Lume dancing in a folk festival with regional traditional clothing During the Balkan wars 1912 1913 Serb military forces attempting to assert their control of the region entered Luma and attacked local inhabitants killed tribal chieftains removed livestock belonging to the population and razed villages 3 The actions resulted in a local uprising by Albanians 3 Serb forces retaliated through a scorched earth policy and massacres of the population ranging from the young to elderly both men and women such as barricading people in mosques and houses and then firing upon or burning them 3 Following the events 25 000 people fled to Kosovo and western Macedonia 3 The events have been considered as constituting a localized genocide 3 Contents 1 History 1 1 Battle of Lume 2 Notable people 3 References 4 Bibliography 5 NotesHistory EditThe region is documented first in the 16th century 1571 1591 as a nahiye of the Sanjak of Ipek whereas in the 17th century it is mentioned by Frang Bardhi as the most eastern frontier of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Sape 2 It is thought that before the 18th century the timar system was replaced by the self governing system of bajrak 4 Luma has had 7 bajraks 2 Bajrak of Rrafsha the bajraktar was centered in Bicaj Bajrak of Tejdrina the bajraktar was centered in Ujmisht and then in Domaj Bajrak of Qafa the bajraktar was centered in Bushtrice Bajrak of Kalisi the bajraktar was centered in Zalle Kalis Bajrak of Radomira the bajraktar was centered in Tejs Bajrak of Caja the bajraktar was centered in Fshat Bajrak of Topojan the bajraktar was centered in Brekije The last organization of these bajraks was done in 1912 in the battle of Qafa e Kolesjanit against the Serbian army 2 Battle of Lume Edit Main article Battle of Lume Leo Freundlich an Austrian correspondent who was in Luma at the time reported that General Bozidar Jankovic ordered his army to commit massacres of the Albanians of Luma resulting in entire villages being burned down with the inhabitants being burned or slaughtered alive All in all twenty seven villages on Luma territory were burnt to the ground and their inhabitants slain even the children It was here that one of the most appalling atrocities of the Serbian war of annihilation was committed against the Albanians Women and children were tied to bundles of hay and set on fire before the eyes of their husbands and fathers The women were then barbarously cut to pieces and the children bayoneted A colleague of Freundlich wrote It is all so inconceivable and yet it is true Four hundred men from Luma who gave themselves up voluntarily were taken to Prizren and executed day after day in groups of forty to sixty Notable people EditBaba Hajji Dede Reshat Bardhi Grandfather of Bektashi Order Muharrem Bajraktari 1896 1989 World War II fighter and politician Koca Sinan Pasha 1506 1596 Ottoman grand vizier Ottoman military figure and statesman Ditmar Bicaj 1989 FootballerReferences Edit Robert Elsie 30 May 2015 The Tribes of Albania History Society and Culture I B Tauris pp 281 282 ISBN 978 1 78453 401 1 a b c d Fejzulla Gjabri Department of Culture of Albania Information about the Heroic Epos in the Province of Luma a b c d e Levene Mark 2013 The Crisis of Genocide Volume I Devastation The European Rimlands 1912 1938 Oxford University Press p 107 ISBN 9780199683031 HOXHA Shefqet BAJRAKTARET E LUMES Pashtriku Retrieved 15 November 2015 Megjithese deri tani nuk eshte shpaluar ndonje akt zyrtar i Perandorise Osmane qe ligjeronte zevendesimin e sistemit te timarit ne malesi me ate te njesive veteqeverisese tradicionale dhe si njesi administrative ushtarake osmane me emrin bajrak ky proces mendohet te kete nisur para shek XVIIIBibliography Edithttps web archive org web 20120531131757 http www albanianhistory net texts20 1 AH1913 1 html Albanian Golgotha Exterminators of the Albanian People by Leo Freundlich in 1913 Notes Edit The political status of Kosovo is disputed Having unilaterally declared independence from Serbia in 2008 Kosovo is formally recognised as an independent state by 101 UN member states with another 13 states recognising it at some point but then withdrawing their recognition and 92 states not recognizing it while Serbia continues to claim it as part of its own territory This article about a specific Albanian location is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte This Kosovo location article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Luma region amp oldid 1119740771, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
