The list of periods and events in climate history includes some notable climate events known to paleoclimatology. Knowledge of precise climatic events decreases as the record goes further back in time. The timeline of glaciation covers ice ages specifically, which tend to have their own names for phases, often with different names used for different parts of the world. The names for earlier periods and events come from geology and paleontology. The marine isotope stages (MIS) are often used to express dating within the Quaternary.
500 million years of climate changeIce core data for the past 400,000 years, with the present at right. Note length of glacial cycles averages ~100,000 years. Blue curve is temperature, green curve is CO2, and red curve is windblown glacial dust (loess).
Scale: Millions of years before present, earlier dates approximate.
All dates are approximate. "(B-S)" means this is one of the periods from the Blytt-Sernander sequence, originally based on studies of Danish peat bogs.
Last Glacial Period, not to be confused with the Last Glacial Maximum or Late Glacial Maximum below. (The following events also fall into this period.)
All dates are BC (BCE) and approximate. "(B-S)" means this is one of the periods from the Blytt-Sernander sequence, originally based on studies of Danish peat bogs.
Little Ice Age: Various dates between 1250 and 1550 or later are held to mark the start of the Little ice age, ending at equally varied dates around 1850
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The list of periods and events in climate history includes some notable climate events known to paleoclimatology Knowledge of precise climatic events decreases as the record goes further back in time The timeline of glaciation covers ice ages specifically which tend to have their own names for phases often with different names used for different parts of the world The names for earlier periods and events come from geology and paleontology The marine isotope stages MIS are often used to express dating within the Quaternary Contents 1 Before 1 million years ago 2 Pleistocene 3 Holocene 3 1 Common Era AD 4 See alsoBefore 1 million years ago Edit 500 million years of climate change Ice core data for the past 400 000 years with the present at right Note length of glacial cycles averages 100 000 years Blue curve is temperature green curve is CO2 and red curve is windblown glacial dust loess Scale Millions of years before present earlier dates approximate Date Mya EventBefore 1 000 Faint young Sun paradox2 400 Great Oxidation Event probably leads to Huronian glaciation perhaps covering the whole globe650 600 Later Neoproterozoic Snowball Earth or Marinoan glaciation precursor to the Cambrian explosion517 End Botomian mass extinction like the next two little understood502 Dresbachian extinction event485 4 Cambrian Ordovician extinction event450 440 Ordovician Silurian extinction event in two bursts after cooling perhaps caused by tectonic plate movement450 Andean Saharan glaciation360 260 Karoo Ice Age305 Cooler climate causes Carboniferous rainforest collapse251 9 Permian Triassic extinction event199 6 Triassic Jurassic extinction event causes as yet unclear66 Perhaps 30 000 years of volcanic activity form the Deccan Traps in India or a large meteor impact 66 Cretaceous Paleogene boundary and Cretaceous Paleogene extinction event extinction of dinosaurs55 8 Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum53 7 Eocene Thermal Maximum 249 Azolla event may have ended a long warm period5 3 2 6 Pliocene climate became cooler and drier and seasonal similar to modern climates 2 5 to present Quaternary glaciation with permanent ice on the polar regions many named stages in different parts of the worldPleistocene EditAll dates are approximate B S means this is one of the periods from the Blytt Sernander sequence originally based on studies of Danish peat bogs Date BC Event118 000 88 000 Abbassia Pluvial wet in North Africa108 000 8 000 Last Glacial Period not to be confused with the Last Glacial Maximum or Late Glacial Maximum below The following events also fall into this period 48 000 28 000 Mousterian Pluvial wet in North Africa24 500 17 000 18 000 clarification needed Last Glacial Maximum what is often meant in popular usage by Last Ice Age 16 000 13 000 Oldest Dryas cold begins slowly and ends sharply B S 12 700 Antarctic Cold Reversal warmer Antarctic sea level rise12 400 Bolling oscillation warm and wet in the North Atlantic begins the Bolling Allerod period B S 12 400 11 500 much discussed Older Dryas cold interrupts warm period for some centuries B S 12 000 11 000 Allerod oscillation warm amp moist B S 11 400 9 500 Huelmo Mascardi Cold Reversal cold in Southern Hemisphere11 000 8 000 Last Glacial Maximum or Tardiglacial definitions vary 10 800 9 500 Younger Dryas sudden cold and dry period in Northern Hemisphere B S Holocene EditAll dates are BC BCE and approximate B S means this is one of the periods from the Blytt Sernander sequence originally based on studies of Danish peat bogs Date BC EventFrom 10 000 Holocene glacial retreat the present Holocene or Postglacial period begins9400 Pre Boreal sharp rise in temperature over 50 years B S precedes Boreal8500 6900 Boreal B S rising sea levels forest replaces tundra in northern Europe7500 3900 Neolithic Subpluvial African humid period in North Africa wet7000 3000 Holocene climatic optimum or Atlantic in northern Europe B S 6200 8 2 kiloyear event cold5000 4100 Older Peron warm and wet global sea levels were 2 5 to 4 meters 8 to 13 feet higher than the twentieth century average3900 5 9 kiloyear event dry and cold 3500 End of the African humid period Neolithic Subpluvial in North Africa expands Sahara Desert3000 0 Neopluvial in North America3 200 2 900 Piora Oscillation cold perhaps not global Wetter in Europe drier elsewhere linked to the domestication of the horse in Central Asia 2200 4 2 kiloyear event dry lasted most of the 22nd century BC linked to the end of the Old Kingdom in Egypt and the Akkadian Empire in Mesopotamia various archaeological cultures in Persia and China1800 1500 Middle Bronze Age Cold Epoch a period of unusually cold climate in the North Atlantic regionBond Event 2 Possibly triggering the Late Bronze Age collapse900 300 Iron Age Cold Epoch cold in North Atlantic Perhaps associated with the Homeric Minimum250 BC 400 AD Roman Warm PeriodCommon Era AD Edit Climate changes of 535 536 535 536 AD sudden cooling and failure of harvests perhaps caused by volcanic dust 900 1300 Medieval Warm Period wet in Europe arid in North America may have depopulated the Great Plains of North America associated with the Medieval renaissances in Europe Great Famine of 1315 1317 in Europe Little Ice Age Various dates between 1250 and 1550 or later are held to mark the start of the Little ice age ending at equally varied dates around 1850 1460 1550 Sporer Minimum cold 1656 1715 Maunder Minimum low sunspot activity 1790 1830 Dalton Minimum low sunspot activity cold 1816 Year Without a Summer caused by volcanic dust of Mount Tambora eruption 1850 present Retreat of glaciers since 1850 instrumental temperature record Present and recent past global warming perhaps to be named the Anthropocene periodSee also EditClimate change modern day Climate change general concept Climate across Cretaceous Paleogene boundary Thermal history of Earth Geologic temperature record Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of periods and events in climate 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