First-generation biofuels use the edible parts of food plants as their carbon source feedstock. Due to this, the production of fuel from these crops effectively creates problems in regard to the global food production.
Second-generation biofuels use non-food substances as a feedstock carbon source. Examples include non-food plants, the inedible parts of food plants, and waste cooking fat. Unlike first-generation biofuels, they do not create problems in regard to the global food production.
Biofuel Research Team (BRTeam), Iran
BRTeam is a multinational research team (Iran, Malaysia, Sweden, US, Belgium, UK), focused on various aspects of biofuel research, in particular, advanced reactor technologies.[1]
Feedstocks: recycled cooking oil, Midwest soy beans, North American canola, corn oil, mixed tallow
Products: biodiesel
Second-generation biofuels with additional advantagesedit
Algae and cyanobacteria fuelsedit
The so-called "third-generation biofuels", similar to second-generation biofuels with an emphasize on the use of algae and cyanobacteria as a source of biofuel feedstocks, have an additional advantage as they take up a relatively small fraction of space when compared to first and second-generation biofuel sources, and may also help to reduce seawater eutrophication. They use algae to convert carbon dioxide into biomass.
Technology: developed a patented bioreactor system that uses nontoxic photosynthetic algae to take in smokestacks' flue gases and produce biofuels such as biodiesel, biogas and a dry fuel comparable to coal[5]
In July 2022, a Research Association of Biomass Innovation for Next Generation Automobile Fuels was established by six Japanese automotive companies.[9]
^Kalita, D (2008). "Hydrocarbon plant—New source of energy for future". Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 12 (2): 455–471. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2006.07.008. ISSN 1364-0321.
^K. G. Ramawat (2010). Desert Plants: Biology and Biotechnology. Springer. pp. 37–. ISBN978-3-642-02549-5. Retrieved 23 August 2010.
^. Archived from the original on 2010-05-21. Retrieved 2017-07-01.
^"Six Japan-based companies establish Research Association of Biomass Innovation for Next Generation Automobile Fuels". Green Car Congress. 2022-07-20. Retrieved 2022-07-24.
list, biofuel, companies, researchers, contents, first, generation, biofuels, second, generation, biofuels, second, generation, biofuels, with, additional, advantages, algae, cyanobacteria, fuels, fourth, generation, biofuels, fifth, generation, biofuels, refe. Contents 1 First generation biofuels 2 Second generation biofuels 3 Second generation biofuels with additional advantages 3 1 Algae and cyanobacteria fuels 3 2 Fourth generation biofuels 3 3 Fifth generation biofuels 4 References 5 See alsoFirst generation biofuels editFirst generation biofuels use the edible parts of food plants as their carbon source feedstock Due to this the production of fuel from these crops effectively creates problems in regard to the global food production ADM Olmuhle Hamburg part of Archer Daniels Midland Germany Products biodiesel Diester Industrie part of Bunge Limited France Products biodiesel Jilin Fuel Ethanol part of China National Petroleum Corporation China LS9 Inc South San Francisco California and Okeechobee Florida United States Technology fermenters with genetically modified bacteria Feedstocks sugar cane syrup planned cellulose agricultural residues Products fuel oils chemicalsSecond generation biofuels editSecond generation biofuels use non food substances as a feedstock carbon source Examples include non food plants the inedible parts of food plants and waste cooking fat Unlike first generation biofuels they do not create problems in regard to the global food production Biofuel Research Team BRTeam Iran BRTeam is a multinational research team Iran Malaysia Sweden US Belgium UK focused on various aspects of biofuel research in particular advanced reactor technologies 1 Blue Marble Energy Seattle Washington United States Technology consortia of different non GM bacteria Feedstocks nearly any organic biomass Products methane nitrogen compounds hydrogen Chemrec Stockholm Sweden Technology black liquor gasification Feedstocks black liquor from sulfate process or sulfite process pulp mills Products biomethanol BioDME DuPont Danisco Vonore Tennessee United States Feedstocks non edible parts of plants Products ethanol Evoleum St Jean sur Richelieu Quebec Canada Feedstocks recycled vegetable oil Products biodiesel and biobunker Fujian Zhongde part of China Clean Energy Fuqing Fujian China Feedstocks waste vegetable oils Products biodiesel chemicals Green BioFuels Corporation Miami Florida United States Inbicon Americas Conversion of Agricultural Residues such as wheat straw corn stover and sugar bagasse USA Feedstocks vegetable oil animal fat recycled cooking oil Products biodiesel glycerol Gushan Environmental Energy Beijing Shanghai Mianyang Sichuan Handan Hebei Fuzhou and Fujian China Feedstocks vegetable oil animal fat recycled cooking oil Products biodiesel glycerol plant asphalt erucic acid erucic amide Targray Kirkland Quebec Canada Feedstocks recycled cooking oil Midwest soy beans North American canola corn oil mixed tallow Products biodieselSecond generation biofuels with additional advantages editAlgae and cyanobacteria fuels edit The so called third generation biofuels similar to second generation biofuels with an emphasize on the use of algae and cyanobacteria as a source of biofuel feedstocks have an additional advantage as they take up a relatively small fraction of space when compared to first and second generation biofuel sources and may also help to reduce seawater eutrophication They use algae to convert carbon dioxide into biomass Algae Cluster Europe 2 Algenol Bonita Springs Florida Baltimore and Lee County Florida United States Technology algae grown in photobioreactors Feedstocks seawater sunlight carbon dioxide Products ethanol freshwater Gevo Douglas County Colorado United States Global Green Algae part of Global Green Solutions El Paso Texas United States GreenFuel Technologies Corporation Cambridge Massachusetts United States ceased operations in 2009 Joule Unlimited Cambridge Massachusetts United States Feedstocks water sunlight carbon dioxide Technology modified cyanobacteria and bioreactors Products diesel fuel PetroSun Scottsdale Arizona United States Technology pyrolysis of organics algae Products algal oil hydrogen charcoal fertilizer PowerFuel de Kaufbeuren Swabia Bavaria Germany Technology hyper ionizing Feedstocks UCO CPO used palm oil Products oils including ship and truck fuels Sapphire Energy San Diego California United States Technology algae Feedstocks sunlight carbon dioxide Products green crude Solazyme South San Francisco California United States Technology algae Feedstocks plant matter Products oils including aviation fuel Aurora Biofuels OriginOil PetroAlgae Solix Synthetic Genomics 3 Fourth generation biofuels edit Some fourth generation technology pathways include pyrolysis gasification upgrading solar to fuel and genetic manipulation of organisms to secrete hydrocarbons 4 GreenFuel Technologies Corporation Cambridge Massachusetts Technology developed a patented bioreactor system that uses nontoxic photosynthetic algae to take in smokestacks flue gases and produce biofuels such as biodiesel biogas and a dry fuel comparable to coal 5 Hydrocarbon plants or petroleum plants are plants which produce terpenoids as secondary metabolites that can be converted to gasoline like fuels Latex producing members of the Euphorbiaceae such as Euphorbia lathyris and E tirucalli and members of Apocynaceae have been studied for their potential energy uses 6 7 Some other companies making 4th generation biofuels are Algenol Amyris Biotechnologies Joule Unlimited LS9 Naturally Scientific 8 Fifth generation biofuels edit In July 2022 a Research Association of Biomass Innovation for Next Generation Automobile Fuels was established by six Japanese automotive companies 9 References edit http www brteam ir Biofuel Research Team homepage Home algaecluster eu What are and who s making 2G 3G and 4G biofuels Archived from the original on 2010 05 21 Retrieved 2017 07 01 3rd and 4th Generation Biofuels Through 2015 Wood Mackenzie 22 June 2010 greenfuelonline com greenfuelonline com Retrieved 2010 07 14 Kalita D 2008 Hydrocarbon plant New source of energy for future Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 12 2 455 471 doi 10 1016 j rser 2006 07 008 ISSN 1364 0321 K G Ramawat 2010 Desert Plants Biology and Biotechnology Springer pp 37 ISBN 978 3 642 02549 5 Retrieved 23 August 2010 What are and who s making 2G 3G and 4G biofuels Archived from the original on 2010 05 21 Retrieved 2017 07 01 Six Japan based companies establish Research Association of Biomass Innovation for Next Generation Automobile Fuels Green Car Congress 2022 07 20 Retrieved 2022 07 24 See also editBiofuel Biofuels by region List of algal fuel producers Renewable energy Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of biofuel companies and researchers amp oldid 1205462905, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
